12.061
Library: Ashrama dharmas elaborated by referencing Nārāyaṇa Gīta
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said:
आश्रमाणां महाबाहो शृणु सत्यपराक्रम। चतुर्णामिह वर्णानां कर्माणि च युधिष्ठिर ॥१२-६१-१॥
āśramāṇāṃ mahābāho śṛṇu satyaparākrama। caturṇām iha varṇānāṃ karmāṇi ca yudhiṣṭhira ॥12-61-1॥
[आश्रमाणां (āśramāṇām) - of the āśramas; (stages of life; āśrama) महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; (mahā - great, bāhu - arm) शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; (imperative of √śru - to hear) सत्यपराक्रम (satyaparākrama) - O truly valiant; (satya - truth, parākrama - valor) चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four; (catur - four, genitive plural) इह (iha) - here; (in this context) वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the varṇas; (classes, orders; varṇa) कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - duties; (plural of karma - action, duty) च (ca) - and; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira; (vocative);]
(Of the āśramas, O mighty-armed, hear, O truly valiant. Of the four here of the varṇas, the duties and, O Yudhishthira.)
O mighty-armed Yudhishthira, listen, O truly valiant one, to the duties of the four varṇas and āśramas here.
वानप्रस्थं भैक्षचर्यां गार्हस्थ्यं च महाश्रमम्। ब्रह्मचर्याश्रमं प्राहुश्चतुर्थं ब्राह्मणैर्वृतम् ॥१२-६१-२॥
vānaprasthaṃ bhaikṣacaryāṃ gārhasthyaṃ ca mahāśramam। brahmacaryāśramaṃ prāhuścaturthaṃ brāhmaṇairvṛtam ॥12-61-2॥
[वानप्रस्थं (vānaprastham) - forest-dwelling stage; भैक्षचर्यां (bhaikṣacaryām) - life of alms-begging; गार्हस्थ्यं (gārhasthyam) - householder's stage; च (ca) - and; महाश्रमम् (mahāśramam) - great āśrama; ब्रह्मचर्याश्रमं (brahmacaryāśramam) - the āśrama of celibacy; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call; चतुर्थं (caturtham) - the fourth; ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the Brāhmaṇas; वृतम् (vṛtam) - adopted;]
(Forest-dwelling stage, life of alms-begging, householder's stage and great āśrama; the āśrama of celibacy they call the fourth, adopted by the Brāhmaṇas.)
The forest-dwelling, alms-begging, and householder's stages are great āśramas; the Brāhmaṇas call the āśrama of celibacy the fourth, which they have adopted.
जटाकरणसंस्कारं द्विजातित्वमवाप्य च। आधानादीनि कर्माणि प्राप्य वेदमधीत्य च ॥१२-६१-३॥
jaṭākaraṇasaṃskāraṃ dvijātitvam avāpya ca। ādhānādīni karmāṇi prāpya vedam adhītya ca ॥12-61-3॥
[जटा (jaṭā) - matted hair; करण (karaṇa) - making; संस्कारं (saṃskāraṃ) - sacrament; द्विजातित्वम् (dvijātitvam) - status of twice-born; अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained; च (ca) - and; आधान (ādhāna) - initiation; आदीनि (ādīni) - and others; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - rites; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained; वेदम् (vedam) - Veda; अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied; च (ca) - and;]
(Having performed the sacrament of making matted hair, having obtained the status of twice-born, and having attained the rites such as initiation, and having studied the Veda;)
After performing the sacrament of making matted hair, attaining the status of a twice-born, completing rites such as initiation, and studying the Veda;
सदारो वाप्यदारो वा आत्मवान्संयतेन्द्रियः। वानप्रस्थाश्रमं गच्छेत्कृतकृत्यो गृहाश्रमात् ॥१२-६१-४॥
sadāro vāpyadāro vā ātmavān saṃyatendriyaḥ। vānaprasthāśramaṃ gacchet kṛtakṛtyo gṛhāśramāt ॥12-61-4॥
[सदारः (sadāraḥ) - with wife; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; अदारः (adāraḥ) - without wife; वा (vā) - or; आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed; संयत-इन्द्रियः (saṃyata-indriyaḥ) - one whose senses are controlled; वानप्रस्थ-आश्रमं (vānaprastha-āśramam) - the stage of forest-dweller; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished his duties; गृहाश्रमात् (gṛhāśramāt) - from the householder stage;]
(With wife or even without wife, self-possessed, one whose senses are controlled, should go to the stage of forest-dweller, one who has accomplished his duties, from the householder stage.)
Whether with his wife or alone, a self-controlled man who has fulfilled his duties should leave the householder's life and enter the stage of a forest-dweller.
तत्रारण्यकशास्त्राणि समधीत्य स धर्मवित्। ऊर्ध्वरेताः प्रजायित्वा गच्छत्यक्षरसात्मताम् ॥१२-६१-५॥
tatrāraṇyakaśāstrāṇi samadhītya sa dharmavit। ūrdhvaretāḥ prajāyitvā gacchatyakṣarasātmatām ॥12-61-5॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; आरण्यकशास्त्राणि (āraṇyakaśāstrāṇi) - forest treatises; समधीत्य (samadhītya) - having thoroughly studied; सः (saḥ) - he; धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of dharma; ऊर्ध्वरेताः (ūrdhvaretāḥ) - one whose seed is upward; प्रजायित्वा (prajāyitvā) - having begotten offspring; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes; अक्षरसात्मताम् (akṣarasātmatām) - to the state of the imperishable self;]
(There, having thoroughly studied the forest treatises, he, the knower of dharma, having become one whose seed is upward and having begotten offspring, goes to the state of the imperishable self.)
There, after thoroughly studying the forest treatises, the knower of dharma, having become celibate after begetting offspring, attains the state of the imperishable self.
एतान्येव निमित्तानि मुनीनामूर्ध्वरेतसाम्। कर्तव्यानीह विप्रेण राजन्नादौ विपश्चिता ॥१२-६१-६॥
etānyeva nimittāni munīnām ūrdhvaretasām। kartavyāni iha vipreṇa rājan ādau vipaścitā ॥12-61-6॥
[एतानि (etāni) - these; (neuter plural) एव (eva) - indeed; only; निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - causes; reasons; मुनीनाम् (munīnām) - of sages; (genitive plural) ऊर्ध्वरेतसाम् (ūrdhvaretasām) - of those whose seed is upward; (ascetics) कर्तव्यानि (kartavyāni) - to be done; duties; इह (iha) - here; in this world; विप्रेण (vipreṇa) - by the Brāhmaṇa; (instrumental singular) राजन् (rājan) - O King; आदौ (ādau) - at the beginning; विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise; (instrumental singular);]
(These indeed are the causes of the sages whose seed is upward; these duties are to be performed here by the Brāhmaṇa, O King, at the beginning, by the wise.)
O King, these indeed are the causes for the sages of ascetic discipline; these duties should be performed here by the Brāhmaṇa, at the beginning, by the wise.
चरितब्रह्मचर्यस्य ब्राह्मणस्य विशां पते। भैक्षचर्यास्वधीकारः प्रशस्त इह मोक्षिणः ॥१२-६१-७॥
caritabrahmacaryasya brāhmaṇasya viśāṃ pate। bhaikṣacaryāsvadhikāraḥ praśasta iha mokṣiṇaḥ ॥12-61-7॥
[चरित (carita) - practiced; accomplished; ब्रह्मचर्यस्य (brahmacaryasya) - of celibacy; of the vow of brahmacarya; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brāhmaṇa; of the priestly class; विशां (viśām) - of men; of people; पते (pate) - O lord; O ruler; भैक्षचर्यासु (bhaikṣacaryāsu) - in mendicancy; in the practice of begging; अधिकारः (adhikāraḥ) - eligibility; authority; प्रशस्त (praśasta) - praised; recommended; इह (iha) - here; in this world; मोक्षिणः (mokṣiṇaḥ) - of those seeking liberation; of the liberated ones;]
(O lord of men, for a Brāhmaṇa who has practiced celibacy, eligibility for mendicancy is praised here for those seeking liberation.)
O lord of men, for a Brāhmaṇa who has completed the vow of celibacy, the eligibility for the life of mendicancy is recommended here for those who seek liberation.
यत्रास्तमितशायी स्यान्निरग्निरनिकेतनः। यथोपलब्धजीवी स्यान्मुनिर्दान्तो जितेन्द्रियः ॥१२-६१-८॥
yatrāstamitaśāyī syānniragniranikētanaḥ। yathōpalabdhajīvī syānmunirdāntō jitēndriyaḥ ॥12-61-8॥
[यत्र (yatra) - where; अस्तमित (astamita) - set; शायी (śāyī) - one who sleeps; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; निरग्नि (niragni) - without fire; अनिकेतनः (anikētanaḥ) - homeless; यथा (yathā) - as; उपलब्ध (upalabdha) - obtained; जीवी (jīvī) - one who lives; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; जितेन्द्रियः (jitēndriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses;]
(Where one may sleep where the sun has set, without fire, homeless; as one may live on what is obtained, the sage, self-restrained, who has conquered the senses.)
A sage who is self-restrained and has conquered his senses may sleep wherever the sun sets, without a fixed home or fire, and lives on whatever is obtained.
निराशीः स्यात्सर्वसमो निर्भोगो निर्विकारवान्। विप्रः क्षेमाश्रमं प्राप्तो गच्छत्यक्षरसात्मताम् ॥१२-६१-९॥
nirāśīḥ syātsarvasamo nirbhogo nirvikāravān। vipraḥ kṣemāśramaṃ prāpto gacchatyakṣarasātmatām ॥12-61-9॥
[निराशीः (nirāśīḥ) - without expectation; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; सर्वसमः (sarvasamaḥ) - equal to all; निर्भोगः (nirbhogaḥ) - free from enjoyment; निर्विकारवान् (nirvikāravān) - free from change; विप्रः (vipraḥ) - brāhmaṇa; क्षेमाश्रमम् (kṣemāśramam) - the āśrama of security; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having attained; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; अक्षरसात्मताम् (akṣarasātmatām) - to the state of the imperishable self;]
(Without expectation, should be equal to all, free from enjoyment, free from change; the brāhmaṇa, having attained the āśrama of security, should go to the state of the imperishable self.)
A brāhmaṇa, having attained the āśrama of security, should be without expectation, equal to all, free from enjoyment and change, and should proceed to the state of the imperishable self.
अधीत्य वेदान्कृतसर्वकृत्यः; सन्तानमुत्पाद्य सुखानि भुक्त्वा। समाहितः प्रचरेद्दुश्चरं तं; गार्हस्थ्यधर्मं मुनिधर्मदृष्टम् ॥१२-६१-१०॥
adhītya vedān kṛta-sarva-kṛtyaḥ; santānam utpādya sukhāni bhuktvā। samāhitaḥ pracaret duścaraṃ taṃ; gārhasthya-dharmaṃ muni-dharma-dṛṣṭam ॥12-61-10॥
[अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied; वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas; कृत (kṛta) - having performed; सर्वकृत्यः (sarva-kṛtyaḥ) - all duties; सन्तानम् (santānam) - progeny; उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - having produced; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - collected in mind; प्रचरेत् (pracaret) - should practice; दुश्चरम् (duścaram) - difficult to perform; तम् (tam) - that; गार्हस्थ्यधर्मम् (gārhasthya-dharmam) - householder's dharma; मुनिधर्मदृष्टम् (muni-dharma-dṛṣṭam) - as seen by the sage's dharma;]
(Having studied the Vedas, having performed all duties, having produced progeny, having enjoyed pleasures, collected in mind, one should practice that difficult to perform householder's dharma as seen by the sage's dharma.)
After studying the Vedas, fulfilling all duties, begetting children, and enjoying life's pleasures, one should, with a focused mind, practice that challenging householder's dharma as prescribed by the sages.
स्वदारतुष्ट ऋतुकालगामी; नियोगसेवी नशठो नजिह्मः। मिताशनो देवपरः कृतज्ञः; सत्यो मृदुश्चानृशंसः क्षमावान् ॥१२-६१-११॥
svadāratūṣṭa ṛtukālagāmī; niyogasevī naśaṭho najihmaḥ. mitāśano devaparaḥ kṛtajñaḥ; satyo mṛduścānṛśaṃsaḥ kṣamāvān ॥12-61-11॥
[स्वदारतुष्ट (svadāratūṣṭa) - content with own wife; ऋतुकालगामी (ṛtukālagāmī) - approaching at proper time; नियोगसेवी (niyogasevī) - engaged in duty; नशठः (naśaṭhaḥ) - not deceitful; नजिह्मः (najihmaḥ) - not crooked; मिताशनः (mitāśanaḥ) - moderate in food; देवपरः (devaparaḥ) - devoted to gods; कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful; सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful; मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle; च (ca) - and; अनृशंसः (anṛśaṃsaḥ) - compassionate; क्षमावान् (kṣamāvān) - forbearing;]
(Content with own wife, approaching at proper time, engaged in duty, not deceitful, not crooked, moderate in food, devoted to gods, grateful, truthful, gentle and compassionate, forbearing.)
He is content with his own wife, approaches at the proper time, performs his duties, is neither deceitful nor crooked, is moderate in food, devoted to the gods, grateful, truthful, gentle, compassionate, and forbearing.
दान्तो विधेयो हव्यकव्येऽप्रमत्तो; अन्नस्य दाता सततं द्विजेभ्यः। अमत्सरी सर्वलिङ्गिप्रदाता; वैताननित्यश्च गृहाश्रमी स्यात् ॥१२-६१-१२॥
dānto vidheyo havyakavye'pramatto; annasya dātā satataṃ dvijebhyaḥ. amatsarī sarvaliṅgipradātā; vaitānanityaśca gṛhāśramī syāt ॥12-61-12॥
[दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; विधेयः (vidheyaḥ) - obedient; हव्यकव्ये (havyakavye) - in offerings to gods and ancestors; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - vigilant; अन्नस्य (annasya) - of food; दाता (dātā) - giver; सततम् (satatam) - always; द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the twice-born; अमत्सरी (amatsarī) - free from envy; सर्वलिङ्गिप्रदाता (sarvaliṅgipradātā) - giver to all forms (of beings); वैताननित्यः (vaitānanityaḥ) - always performing Vaitāna rites; च (ca) - and; गृहाश्रमी (gṛhāśramī) - householder; स्यात् (syāt) - should be;]
(Self-restrained, obedient, vigilant in offerings to gods and ancestors; always a giver of food to the twice-born; free from envy, giver to all forms (of beings); always performing Vaitāna rites and should be a householder.)
He should be self-restrained, obedient, vigilant in sacrificial offerings, always giving food to the twice-born, free from envy, generous to all, constantly performing Vaitāna rites, and established as a householder.
अथात्र नारायणगीतमाहु; र्महर्षयस्तात महानुभावाः। महार्थमत्यर्थतपःप्रयुक्तं; तदुच्यमानं हि मया निबोध ॥१२-६१-१३॥
athātra nārāyaṇagītam āhur maharṣayas tāta mahānubhāvāḥ। mahārtham atyartha-tapaḥ-prayuktam; tad ucyamānaṃ hi mayā nibodha ॥12-61-13॥
[अथ (atha) - now; अत्र (atra) - here; नारायणगीतम् (nārāyaṇagītam) - Nārāyaṇa's song; आहुः (āhuḥ) - have said; महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages; तात (tāta) - O dear one; महानुभावाः (mahānubhāvāḥ) - great souls; महार्थम् (mahārtham) - of great meaning; अत्यर्थ (atyartha) - excessive; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; प्रयुक्तम् (prayuktam) - engaged in; तत् (tat) - that; उच्यमानम् (ucyamānam) - being spoken; हि (hi) - indeed; मया (mayā) - by me; निबोध (nibodha) - understand;]
(Now here, the great sages, O dear one, great souls, have called it the Nārāyaṇa's song, of great meaning, engaged in excessive austerity; that which is being spoken indeed by me, understand.)
Now, O dear one, the great sages, who are great souls, have called this the Nārāyaṇa Gīta, which is of profound meaning and practiced with intense austerity; listen carefully as it is being spoken by me.
सत्यार्जवं चातिथिपूजनं च; धर्मस्तथार्थश्च रतिश्च दारे। निषेवितव्यानि सुखानि लोके; ह्यस्मिन्परे चैव मतं ममैतत् ॥१२-६१-१४॥
satyārjavaṃ cātithipūjanaṃ ca; dharmastathārthaśca ratiśca dāre| niṣevitavyāni sukhāni loke; hyasminpare caiva mataṃ mamaitat ॥12-61-14॥
[सत्य (satya) - truth; आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness; च (ca) - and; अतिथि (atithi) - guest; पूजनम् (pūjanam) - honoring; च (ca) - and; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; तथा (tathā) - and also; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth; च (ca) - and; रतिः (ratiḥ) - delight; च (ca) - and; दारे (dāre) - in wife; निषेवितव्यानि (niṣevitavyāni) - to be enjoyed; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; लोके (loke) - in the world; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; परे (pare) - in the next (world); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मतं (mataṃ) - opinion; मम (mama) - my; एतत् (etat) - this;]
(Truth, straightforwardness, and honoring the guest; righteousness and also wealth, and delight in wife; pleasures to be enjoyed in the world, indeed, in this and the next (world); this is my opinion.)
Truthfulness, straightforwardness, honoring guests, righteousness, wealth, and delight in one's wife are pleasures to be enjoyed in this world; indeed, in this and the next world, this is my opinion.
भरणं पुत्रदाराणां वेदानां पारणं तथा। सतां तमाश्रमं श्रेष्ठं वदन्ति परमर्षयः ॥१२-६१-१५॥
bharaṇaṃ putradārāṇāṃ vedānāṃ pāraṇaṃ tathā। satāṃ tamāśramaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ vadanti paramarṣayaḥ ॥12-61-15॥
[भरणम् (bharaṇam) - support; पुत्रदाराणाम् (putradārāṇām) - of sons and wives; वेदानाम् (vedānām) - of the Vedas; पारणम् (pāraṇam) - completion (recitation); तथा (tathā) - likewise; सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous; तम् (tam) - that; आश्रमम् (āśramam) - āśrama (hermitage); श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the best; वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say; परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - the supreme sages;]
(Support of sons and wives, completion (recitation) of the Vedas likewise; the supreme sages say that āśrama of the virtuous is the best.)
The supreme sages say that the āśrama where one supports sons and wives and completes the recitation of the Vedas is the best among the virtuous.
एवं हि यो ब्राह्मणो यज्ञशीलो; गार्हस्थ्यमध्यावसते यथावत्। गृहस्थवृत्तिं प्रविशोध्य सम्य; क्स्वर्गे विषुद्धं फलमाप्नुते सः ॥१२-६१-१६॥
evaṃ hi yo brāhmaṇo yajñaśīlo; gārhasthyam adhyāvasate yathāvat। gṛhasthavṛttiṃ praviśodhya samyak; svarge viśuddhaṃ phalam āpnute saḥ ॥12-61-16॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; यः (yaḥ) - who; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; यज्ञशीलः (yajñaśīlaḥ) - of sacrificial disposition; गार्हस्थ्यम् (gārhasthyam) - householder's life; अध्यावसते (adhyāvasate) - dwells; यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly; गृहस्थवृत्तिम् (gṛhasthavṛttim) - householder's conduct; प्रविशोध्य (praviśodhya) - having purified; सम्यक् (samyak) - completely; स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven; विषुद्धम् (viśuddham) - pure; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; आप्नुते (āpnute) - attains; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Thus indeed, the brāhmaṇa who is of sacrificial disposition, who properly dwells in the householder's life, having completely purified the householder's conduct, he attains the pure fruit in heaven.)
Thus, the brāhmaṇa who is devoted to sacrifice and properly lives the life of a householder, having thoroughly purified his conduct as a householder, attains the pure reward in heaven.
तस्य देहपरित्यागादिष्टाः कामाक्षया मताः। आनन्त्यायोपतिष्ठन्ति सर्वतोक्षिशिरोमुखाः ॥१२-६१-१७॥
tasya deha-parityāgād iṣṭāḥ kāmākṣayā matāḥ। ānantyāyopatiṣṭhanti sarvatokṣi-śiro-mukhāḥ ॥12-61-17॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; देह (deha) - body; परित्यागात् (parityāgāt) - from abandonment; इष्टाः (iṣṭāḥ) - desired ones; कामाक्षया (kāmākṣayā) - by Kāmākṣā; मताः (matāḥ) - considered; आनन्त्याय (ānantyāya) - for eternity; उपतिष्ठन्ति (upatiṣṭhanti) - attend; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides; अक्षि (akṣi) - eye; शिरः (śiraḥ) - head; मुखाः (mukhāḥ) - mouths;]
(Of him, from the abandonment of the body, the desired ones are considered by Kāmākṣā. For eternity, those with eyes, heads, and mouths on all sides attend.)
When he abandons his body, those desired by Kāmākṣā are regarded as such. For eternity, beings with eyes, heads, and mouths on all sides attend him.
खादन्नेको जपन्नेकः सर्पन्नेको युधिष्ठिर। एकस्मिन्नेव आचार्ये शुश्रूषुर्मलपङ्कवान् ॥१२-६१-१८॥
khādanneko japannekaḥ sarpanneko yudhiṣṭhira। ekasminneva ācārye śuśrūṣurmalapaṅkavān ॥12-61-18॥
[खादन् (khādan) - eating; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; जपन् (japan) - reciting; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; सर्पन् (sarpan) - moving; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; एकस्मिन् (ekasmin) - in one; एव (eva) - only; आचार्ये (ācārye) - teacher; शुश्रूषुः (śuśrūṣuḥ) - served; मलपङ्कवान् (malapaṅkavān) - covered with filth and mud;]
(Eating, one; reciting, one; moving, one; O Yudhiṣṭhira, only in one teacher did those covered with filth and mud serve.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, one was eating, one was reciting, one was moving; those covered with filth and mud served only one teacher.
ब्रह्मचारी व्रती नित्यं नित्यं दीक्षापरो वशी। अविचार्य तथा वेदं कृत्यं कुर्वन्वसेत्सदा ॥१२-६१-१९॥
brahmacārī vratī nityaṃ nityaṃ dīkṣāparo vaśī। avicārya tathā vedaṃ kṛtyaṃ kurvanvasetsadā ॥12-61-19॥
[ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one who observes celibacy; ascetic; devotee of Brahman; व्रती (vratī) - observer of vows; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; दीक्षापरः (dīkṣāparaḥ) - engaged in consecration; devoted to initiation; वशी (vaśī) - self-controlled; अविचार्य (avicārya) - without deliberation; तथा (tathā) - likewise; वेदम् (vedam) - the Veda; कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - duty; that which is to be done; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - performing; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell; should live; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(The celibate, observer of vows, always, always engaged in consecration, self-controlled, without deliberation, likewise, the Veda, duty, performing, should dwell always.)
A brahmacārī, who is an observer of vows, always devoted to consecration, self-controlled, should always live performing his Vedic duties without deliberation.
शुश्रूषां सततं कुर्वन्गुरोः सम्प्रणमेत च। षट्कर्मस्वनिवृत्तश्च नप्रवृत्तश्च सर्वशः ॥१२-६१-२०॥
śuśrūṣāṃ satataṃ kurvan guroḥ sampraṇameta ca। ṣaṭkarmasvanivṛttaś ca na pravṛttaś ca sarvaśaḥ॥12-61-20॥
[शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service; सततम् (satatam) - always; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher; सम्प्रणमेत् (sampraṇameta) - should bow down; च (ca) - and; षट्कर्मसु (ṣaṭkarmasu) - in the six duties; अनिवृत्तः (anivṛttaḥ) - not withdrawn; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every way;]
(Always performing service, bowing down to the teacher, and in the six duties, not withdrawn and not engaged in every way.)
One should always serve and bow to the teacher, and in all six duties, neither be completely withdrawn nor fully engaged in any of them.
न चरत्यधिकारेण सेवितं द्विषतो न च। एषोऽऽश्रमपदस्तात ब्रह्मचारिण इष्यते ॥१२-६१-२१॥
na caratyadhikāreṇa sevitaṃ dviṣato na ca। eṣo''śramapadastāta brahmacāriṇa iṣyate ॥12-61-21॥
[न (na) - not; चरति (carati) - moves; behaves; अधिकारेण (adhikāreṇa) - by authority; by right; सेवितं (sevitaṃ) - served; practiced; द्विषतः (dviṣataḥ) - by an enemy; by one who hates; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; आश्रमपदः (āśramapadaḥ) - stage of life; āśrama; तात (tāta) - O dear; O father; ब्रह्मचारिणः (brahmacāriṇaḥ) - of the brahmacārin; of the student; इष्यते (iṣyate) - is considered; is regarded;]
(Not moves by authority served by an enemy nor; this āśrama stage, O dear, of the brahmacārin is considered.)
It is not practiced by authority nor by one who hates; this stage of life, O dear, is considered the āśrama of the brahmacārin (student of sacred knowledge).
