12.084
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said:
ह्रीनिषेधाः सदा सन्तः सत्यार्जवसमन्विताः। शक्ताः कथयितुं सम्यक्ते तव स्युः सभासदः ॥१२-८४-१॥
hrīniṣedhāḥ sadā santaḥ satyārjavasamanvitāḥ। śaktāḥ kathayituṃ samyakte tava syuḥ sabhāsadaḥ ॥12-84-1॥
[ह्री (hrī) - modesty; निषेधाः (niṣedhāḥ) - free from; सदा (sadā) - always; सन्तः (santaḥ) - good men; सत्य (satya) - truth; आर्जव (ārjava) - straightforwardness; समन्विताः (samanvitāḥ) - endowed with; शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable; कथयितुं (kathayituṃ) - to speak; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; ते (te) - to you; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; सभासदः (sabhāsadaḥ) - members of the assembly;]
(Those always free from modesty, good men endowed with truth and straightforwardness, capable to speak properly to you, may be members of the assembly.)
Those who are always devoid of false modesty, who are virtuous and endowed with truth and straightforwardness, and who are capable of speaking properly to you, may be considered as members of your assembly.
अत्याढ्यांश्चातिशूरांश्च ब्राह्मणांश्च बहुश्रुतान्। सुसन्तुष्टांश्च कौन्तेय महोत्साहांश्च कर्मसु ॥१२-८४-२॥
atyāḍhyāṃś cātiśūrāṃś ca brāhmaṇāṃś ca bahuśrutān। susantuṣṭāṃś ca kaunteya mahotsāhāṃś ca karmasu ॥12-84-2॥
[अत्याढ्यान् (atyāḍhyān) - very wealthy; च (ca) - and; अतिशूरान् (atiśūrān) - very heroic; च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; बहुश्रुतान् (bahuśrutān) - well-learned; सुसन्तुष्टान् (susantuṣṭān) - very contented; च (ca) - and; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; महोत्साहान् (mahotsāhān) - very enthusiastic; च (ca) - and; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions;]
(Very wealthy and very heroic and Brāhmaṇas and well-learned, very contented and, O son of Kunti, very enthusiastic in actions.)
O son of Kunti, there were very wealthy, very heroic, Brāhmaṇas, well-learned, very contented, and very enthusiastic people in actions.
एतान्सहायाँल्लिप्सेथाः सर्वास्वापत्सु भारत। कुलीनः पूजितो नित्यं न हि शक्तिं निगूहति ॥१२-८४-३॥
etān-sahāyān-lipsethāḥ sarvāsu āpatsu bhārata। kulīnaḥ pūjitaḥ nityaṃ na hi śaktiṃ nigūhati ॥12-84-3॥
[एतान् (etān) - these; (accusative plural masculine) सहायान् (sahāyān) - helpers; (accusative plural masculine) लिप्सेथाः (lipsethāḥ) - you should desire; (2nd person singular optative) सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - in all; (locative plural feminine) आपत्सु (āpatsu) - difficulties; (locative plural feminine) भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; (vocative singular) कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - a noble person; (nominative singular masculine) पूजितः (pūjitaḥ) - honored; (nominative singular masculine) नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; (adverb) न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; शक्तिं (śaktiṃ) - power; (accusative singular feminine) निगूहति (nigūhati) - conceals; (3rd person singular present);]
(These helpers you should desire in all difficulties, O Bhārata. A noble person, always honored, indeed does not conceal power.)
O Bhārata, you should seek such helpers in all difficulties. A noble person who is always honored never conceals his power.
प्रसन्नं ह्यप्रसन्नं वा पीडितं हृतमेव वा। आवर्तयति भूयिष्ठं तदेको ह्यनुपालितः ॥१२-८४-४॥
prasannaṃ hy aprasannaṃ vā pīḍitaṃ hṛtam eva vā। āvartayati bhūyiṣṭhaṃ tad eko hy anupālitaḥ ॥12-84-4॥
[प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - pleased; हि (hi) - indeed; अप्रसन्नम् (aprasannam) - displeased; वा (vā) - or; पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - afflicted; हृतम् (hṛtam) - taken away; एव (eva) - only; वा (vā) - or; आवर्तयति (āvartayati) - causes to return; भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - again and again; तत् (tat) - that; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; हि (hi) - indeed; अनुपालितः (anupālitaḥ) - not protected;]
(Pleased, indeed, or displeased, or afflicted, or only taken away, he causes that to return again and again, that one indeed who is not protected.)
Whether pleased, displeased, afflicted, or deprived, that which is not protected is repeatedly lost by one who is alone.
कुलीना देशजाः प्राज्ञा रूपवन्तो बहुश्रुताः। प्रगल्भाश्चानुरक्ताश्च ते तव स्युः परिच्छदाः ॥१२-८४-५॥
kulīnā deśajāḥ prājñā rūpavanto bahuśrutāḥ। pragalbhāś cānuraktāś ca te tava syuḥ paricchadāḥ॥12-84-5॥
[कुलीना (kulīnā) - of noble lineage; देशजाः (deśajāḥ) - native-born; प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise; रूपवन्तः (rūpavantaḥ) - handsome; बहुश्रुताः (bahuśrutāḥ) - well-learned; प्रगल्भाः (pragalbhāḥ) - bold; च (ca) - and; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - devoted; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - they; तव (tava) - your; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; परिच्छदाः (paricchadāḥ) - attendants;]
(Of noble lineage, native-born, wise, handsome, well-learned, bold and devoted, they may be your attendants.)
Let your attendants be of noble birth, native to the land, wise, handsome, well-learned, bold, and devoted to you.
दौष्कुलेयाश्च लुब्धाश्च नृशंसा निरपत्रपाः। ते त्वां तात निषेवेयुर्यावदार्द्रकपाणयः ॥१२-८४-६॥
dauṣkuleyāś ca lubdhāś ca nṛśaṁsā nirapatrapāḥ। te tvāṁ tāta niṣeveyur yāvad ārdrakapāṇayaḥ॥12-84-6॥
[दौष्कुलेयाः (dauṣkuleyāḥ) - of bad lineage; च (ca) - and; लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy; च (ca) - and; नृशंसाः (nṛśaṁsāḥ) - cruel; निरपत्रपाः (nirapatrapāḥ) - shameless; ते (te) - they; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; तात (tāta) - dear one; निषेवेयुः (niṣeveyuḥ) - would serve; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; आर्द्रकपाणयः (ārdrakapāṇayaḥ) - with wet hands;]
(Of bad lineage and greedy and cruel, shameless, they would serve you, dear one, as long as (they have) wet hands.)
Those of bad lineage, greedy, cruel, and shameless, dear one, would serve you only as long as their hands are wet.
अर्थमानार्घ्यसत्कारैर्भोगैरुच्चावचैः प्रियान्। यानर्थभाजो मन्येथास्ते ते स्युः सुखभागिनः ॥१२-८४-७॥
arthamānārghyasatkārairbhogairuccāvacaiḥ priyān। yānarthabhājo manyethāste te syuḥ sukhabhāginaḥ ॥12-84-7॥
[अर्थ (artha) - wealth; मान (māna) - respect; अर्घ्य (arghya) - honor; सत्कारैः (satkāraiḥ) - with hospitality; भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - with enjoyments; उच्चावचैः (uccāvacaiḥ) - high and low; प्रियान् (priyān) - dear ones; यान् (yān) - whom; अर्थभाजः (arthabhājaḥ) - partakers of wealth; मन्येथाः (manyethāḥ) - you may consider; ते (te) - they; ते (te) - those; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; सुखभागिनः (sukhabhāginaḥ) - enjoyers of happiness;]
(With wealth, respect, honor, hospitality, enjoyments, high and low, dear ones—whom you may consider as partakers of wealth, those may be enjoyers of happiness.)
Those whom you consider dear because of wealth, respect, honor, hospitality, and enjoyments, whether high or low, are the ones who may be regarded as truly happy.
अभिन्नवृत्ता विद्वांसः सद्वृत्ताश्चरितव्रताः। न त्वां नित्यार्थिनो जह्युरक्षुद्राः सत्यवादिनः ॥१२-८४-८॥
abhinnavṛttā vidvāṃsaḥ sadvṛttāścaritavratāḥ। na tvāṃ nityārthino jahyurakṣudrāḥ satyavādinaḥ॥12-84-8॥
[अभिन्नवृत्ता (abhinnavṛttā) - of unchanging conduct; विद्वांसः (vidvāṃsaḥ) - the learned ones; सद्वृत्ताः (sadvṛttāḥ) - of good conduct; चरितव्रताः (caritavratāḥ) - those whose vows are practiced; न (na) - not; त्वां (tvāṃ) - you; नित्य (nitya) - always; अर्थिनः (arthinaḥ) - seekers; जह्युः (jahyuḥ) - would abandon; अक्षुद्राः (akṣudrāḥ) - not petty; सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truth-speakers;]
(Of unchanging conduct, the learned ones, of good conduct, those whose vows are practiced, not you, always seekers, would abandon, not petty, truth-speakers.)
The learned, steadfast in good conduct and practiced vows, who are not petty and speak the truth, and who are always seekers, would never abandon you.
अनार्या ये न जानन्ति समयं मन्दचेतसः। तेभ्यः प्रतिजुगुप्सेथा जानीयाः समयच्युतान् ॥१२-८४-९॥
anāryā ye na jānanti samayaṃ mandacetasaḥ। tebhyaḥ pratijugupsethā jānīyāḥ samayacyutān ॥12-84-9॥
[अनार्या (anāryāḥ) - not-noble ones; ये (ye) - who; न (na) - not; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; समयम् (samayam) - proper time; मन्दचेतसः (mandacetasaḥ) - dull-minded ones; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them; प्रतिजुगुप्सेथा (pratijugupsethā) - should especially avoid; जानीयाः (jānīyāḥ) - you should know; समयच्युतान् (samayacyutān) - those who have deviated from proper time;]
(Not-noble ones who do not know proper time, dull-minded ones—from them you should especially avoid, you should know those who have deviated from proper time.)
You should recognize that those who are not noble, who do not understand the proper time, and who are dull-minded, are to be especially avoided, for they have deviated from the right time.
नैकमिच्छेद्गणं हित्वा स्याच्चेदन्यतरग्रहः। यस्त्वेको बहुभिः श्रेयान्कामं तेन गणं त्यजेत् ॥१२-८४-१०॥
naikam icched gaṇaṃ hitvā syāc ced anyatara-grahaḥ। yas tu ekaḥ bahubhiḥ śreyān kāmaṃ tena gaṇaṃ tyajet॥12-84-10॥
[न (na) - not; एकम् (ekam) - one; इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire; गणम् (gaṇam) - group; हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; चेत् (cet) - if; अन्यतरग्रहः (anyatara-grahaḥ) - accepting either; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many; श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better; कामम् (kāmam) - desirably; तेन (tena) - by him; गणम् (gaṇam) - group; त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon;]
(Not one should desire, group having abandoned, would be if accepting either; who but one by many better desirably, by him group should abandon.)
One should not desire to abandon a group for the sake of one; but if one among many is better, then the group may be abandoned for him.
श्रेयसो लक्षणं ह्येतद्विक्रमो यस्य दृश्यते। कीर्तिप्रधानो यश्च स्यात्समये यश्च तिष्ठति ॥१२-८४-११॥
śreyaso lakṣaṇaṃ hy etad vikramo yasya dṛśyate। kīrtipradhāno yaś ca syāt samaye yaś ca tiṣṭhati ॥12-84-11॥
[श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of excellence; लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - mark; हि (hi) - indeed; एतत् (etad) - this; विक्रमः (vikramaḥ) - valor; यस्य (yasya) - of whom; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; कीर्तिप्रधानः (kīrtipradhānaḥ) - having fame as foremost; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; समये (samaye) - at the right time; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains;]
(Of excellence the mark indeed this valor of whom is seen. Having fame as foremost who and may be at the right time who and remains.)
The mark of excellence is indeed this: valor that is seen in a person. He who is foremost in fame, who acts at the right time, and who stands firm.
समर्थान्पूजयेद्यश्च नास्पर्ध्यैः स्पर्धते च यः। न च कामाद्भयात्क्रोधाल्लोभाद्वा धर्ममुत्सृजेत् ॥१२-८४-१२॥
samarthān pūjayet yaś ca na aspardhyaiḥ spardhate ca yaḥ। na ca kāmād bhayāt krodhāt lobhād vā dharmam utsṛjet ॥12-84-12॥
[समर्थान् (samarthān) - the capable ones; पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - should honor; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अस्पर्ध्यैः (aspardhyaiḥ) - with those not to be rivaled; स्पर्धते (spardhate) - competes; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; वा (vā) - or; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should abandon;]
(He should honor the capable ones, and who does not compete with those not to be rivaled; and who does not abandon righteousness from desire, fear, anger, or greed.)
One should honor the capable, not compete with those who are not to be rivaled, and should not abandon righteousness out of desire, fear, anger, or greed.
अमानी सत्यवाक्षक्तो जितात्मा मान्यमानिता। स ते मन्त्रसहायः स्यात्सर्वावस्थं परीक्षितः ॥१२-८४-१३॥
amānī satyavākśakto jitātmā mānyamānitā। sa te mantrasahāyaḥ syātsarvāvasthaṃ parīkṣitaḥ ॥12-84-13॥
[अमानी (amānī) - without pride; सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - truth-speaking; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable; जितात्मा (jitātmā) - self-controlled; मान्यमानिता (mānyamānitā) - respecting the respectable; सः (saḥ) - he; ते (te) - your; मन्त्रसहायः (mantrasahāyaḥ) - assisted by counsel; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - in all situations; परीक्षितः (parīkṣitaḥ) - tested; १२-८४-१३ (12-84-13) - 12-84-13;]
(Without pride, truth-speaking, capable, self-controlled, respecting the respectable; he, your, assisted by counsel, should be, in all situations, tested.)
He who is without pride, speaks the truth, is capable, self-controlled, and respects the respectable—such a person, assisted by counsel, should be tested by you in all situations.
कुलीनः सत्यसम्पन्नस्तितिक्षुर्दक्ष आत्मवान्। शूरः कृतज्ञः सत्यश्च श्रेयसः पार्थ लक्षणम् ॥१२-८४-१४॥
kulīnaḥ satyasampannastitikṣurdakṣa ātmavān। śūraḥ kṛtajñaḥ satyaśca śreyasaḥ pārtha lakṣaṇam ॥12-84-14॥
[कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - of noble lineage; सत्यसम्पन्नः (satyasampannaḥ) - endowed with truth; तितिक्षुः (titikṣuḥ) - forbearing; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - skilful; आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-controlled; शूरः (śūraḥ) - valiant; कृतज्ञः (kṛtajñaḥ) - grateful; सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful; च (ca) - and; श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of the excellent; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; लक्षणम् (lakṣaṇam) - characteristic;]
(Of noble lineage, endowed with truth, forbearing, skilful, self-controlled, valiant, grateful, truthful and, O Pārtha, the characteristic of the excellent.)
O Pārtha, the characteristics of the excellent are: noble lineage, endowed with truth, forbearance, skill, self-control, valour, gratitude, and truthfulness.
तस्यैवं वर्तमानस्य पुरुषस्य विजानतः। अमित्राः सम्प्रसीदन्ति ततो मित्रीभवन्त्यपि ॥१२-८४-१५॥
tasyai vaṃ vartamānasya puruṣasya vijānataḥ। amitrāḥ samprasīdanti tato mitrībhavantyapi ॥12-84-15॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of the one abiding; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of the person; विजानतः (vijānataḥ) - of the one knowing; अमित्राः (amitrāḥ) - enemies; सम्प्रसीदन्ति (samprasīdanti) - become well-disposed; ततः (tataḥ) - then; मित्री (mitrī) - friendship; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; अपि (api) - even;]
(Of him thus abiding, of the person knowing, enemies become well-disposed; then even become friends.)
When a person thus abides in knowledge, even enemies become well-disposed and then become friends.
अत ऊर्ध्वममात्यानां परीक्षेत गुणागुणान्। संयतात्मा कृतप्रज्ञो भूतिकामश्च भूमिपः ॥१२-८४-१६॥
ata ūrdhvam amātyānāṃ parīkṣeta guṇāguṇān। saṃyatātmā kṛtaprajño bhūtikāmaś ca bhūmipaḥ ॥12-84-16॥
[अत (ata) - from here; after this; ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above; further; अमात्यानाम् (amātyānām) - of ministers; परीक्षेत (parīkṣeta) - should examine; गुण-अगुणान् (guṇa-aguṇān) - virtues and faults; संयतात्मा (saṃyatātmā) - self-controlled; कृतप्रज्ञः (kṛtaprajñaḥ) - one who has established wisdom; भूतिकामः (bhūtikāmaḥ) - desirous of prosperity; च (ca) - and; भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - the king;]
(From here, further, the king, self-controlled, established in wisdom, and desirous of prosperity, should examine the virtues and faults of the ministers.)
After this, the king, who is self-controlled, wise, and desirous of prosperity, should examine the virtues and faults of his ministers.
सम्बद्धाः पुरुषैराप्तैरभिजातैः स्वदेशजैः। अहार्यैरव्यभीचारैः सर्वतः सुपरीक्षितैः ॥१२-८४-१७॥
sambaddhāḥ puruṣair āptair abhijātaiḥ svadeśajaiḥ। ahāryair avyabhīcāraiḥ sarvataḥ suparīkṣitaiḥ ॥12-84-17॥
[सम्बद्धाः (sambaddhāḥ) - connected; joined; associated; पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men; by persons; आप्तैः (āptaiḥ) - trusted; reliable; अभिजातैः (abhijātaiḥ) - noble-born; of high birth; स्वदेशजैः (svadeśajaiḥ) - native; born in one's own country; अहार्यैः (ahāryaiḥ) - incorruptible; not to be bribed; अव्यभीचारैः (avyabhīcāraiḥ) - steadfast; unwavering; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - in every way; from all sides; सुपरीक्षितैः (suparīkṣitaiḥ) - well-examined; thoroughly tested;]
(Connected by men who are trusted, noble-born, natives, incorruptible, unwavering, in every way well-examined.)
Associated with men who are trustworthy, of noble birth, natives of the land, incorruptible, unwavering, and thoroughly examined in every respect.
योधाः स्रौवास्तथा मौलास्तथैवान्येऽप्यवस्कृताः। कर्तव्या भूतिकामेन पुरुषेण बुभूषता ॥१२-८४-१८॥
yodhāḥ srauvās tathā maulās tathaivānye'py avaskṛtāḥ। kartavyā bhūtikāmena puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā ॥12-84-18॥
[योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; स्रौवाः (srauvāḥ) - priests (of the Soma sacrifice); तथा (tathā) - likewise; मौलाः (maulāḥ) - crown-bearers; तथा (tathā) - likewise; एव (eva) - indeed; अन्ये (anye) - others; अपि (api) - also; अवस्कृताः (avaskṛtāḥ) - those who have been purified; कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be done; भूतिकामेन (bhūtikāmena) - by one desiring prosperity; पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a man; बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - wishing to thrive;]
(Warriors, priests (of the Soma sacrifice), likewise crown-bearers, likewise indeed others also who have been purified—should be done (honored) by a man desiring prosperity, wishing to thrive.)
A man who desires prosperity and wishes to thrive should honor warriors, Soma-sacrificing priests, crown-bearers, and likewise all others who have been purified.
येषां वैनयिकी बुद्धिः प्रकृता चैव शोभना। तेजो धैर्यं क्षमा शौचमनुराग स्थितिर्धृतिः ॥१२-८४-१९॥
yeṣāṃ vainayikī buddhiḥ prakṛtā caiva śobhanā। tejo dhairyaṃ kṣamā śaucam-anurāga sthitir-dhṛtiḥ ॥12-84-19॥
[येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; वैनयिकी (vainayikī) - pertaining to humility; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; प्रकृता (prakṛtā) - natural; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; शोभना (śobhanā) - splendid; तेजः (tejaḥ) - brilliance; धैर्यं (dhairyaṃ) - fortitude; क्षमा (kṣamā) - forbearance; शौचम् (śaucam) - purity; अनुराग (anurāga) - affection; स्थिति (sthiti) - steadiness; धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - resolve;]
(Of whom the intellect pertaining to humility is natural and indeed splendid; brilliance, fortitude, forbearance, purity, affection, steadiness, resolve.)
Those whose intellect is naturally endowed with humility and is truly splendid, who possess brilliance, fortitude, forbearance, purity, affection, steadfastness, and resolve.
परीक्षितगुणान्नित्यं प्रौढभावान्धुरन्धरान्। पञ्चोपधाव्यतीतांश्च कुर्याद्राजार्थकारिणः ॥१२-८४-२०॥
parīkṣitagunānnityaṃ prauḍhabhāvāndhurandharān। pañcopadhāvyatītāṃśca kuryādrājārthakāriṇaḥ ॥12-84-20॥
[परीक्षित (parīkṣita) - examined; tested; गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities; virtues; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; constantly; प्रौढ (prauḍha) - mature; accomplished; भावान् (bhāvān) - states; dispositions; धुरन्धरान् (dhurandharān) - capable; bearing burdens; पञ्च (pañca) - five; उपधाव्य (upadhāvya) - having approached; having resorted to; अतीतान् (atītān) - passed; gone by; च (ca) - and; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should make; should appoint; राजार्थकारिणः (rājārthakāriṇaḥ) - those who act for the king's purpose;]
(Having always examined the qualities, (and) the mature dispositions of those capable of bearing burdens, and having approached the five who have passed (the test), one should appoint those who act for the king's purpose.)
One should always examine the qualities and mature dispositions of those capable of bearing burdens, and after approaching the five who have passed the test, appoint those who act for the king's purpose.
पर्याप्तवचनान्वीरान्प्रतिपत्तिविशारदान्। कुलीनान्सत्यसम्पन्नानिङ्गितज्ञाननिष्ठुरान् ॥१२-८४-२१॥
paryāptavacanān vīrān pratipattiviśāradān। kulīnān satyasampannān iṅgitajñānaniṣṭhurān ॥12-84-21॥
[पर्याप्त-वचनान् (paryāpta-vacanān) - of sufficient speech; वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes; प्रतिपत्ति-विशारदान् (pratipatti-viśāradān) - skilled in understanding; कुलीनान् (kulīnān) - noble-born; सत्य-सम्पन्नान् (satya-sampannān) - endowed with truth; इङ्गित-ज्ञान-निष्ठुरान् (iṅgita-jñāna-niṣṭhurān) - harsh in knowing gestures;]
(Of sufficient speech, heroes, skilled in understanding, noble-born, endowed with truth, harsh in knowing gestures.)
Heroes who are eloquent, skilled in discernment, noble by birth, truthful, and stern in interpreting gestures.
देशकालविधानज्ञान्भर्तृकार्यहितैषिणः। नित्यमर्थेषु सर्वेषु राजा कुर्वीत मन्त्रिणः ॥१२-८४-२२॥
deśakālavidhānajñānbhartṛkāryahitaiṣiṇaḥ। nityamartheṣu sarveṣu rājā kurvīta mantriṇaḥ ॥12-84-22॥
[देश (deśa) - place; काल (kāla) - time; विधान (vidhāna) - arrangement; ज्ञान् (jñān) - knowledge; भर्तृ (bhartṛ) - of the ruler; कार्य (kārya) - of the task; हितैषिणः (hitaiṣiṇaḥ) - those desiring welfare; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all; राजा (rājā) - the king; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should appoint; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers;]
(Those who have knowledge of place, time, arrangement, the ruler's tasks, and who desire welfare, always, in all matters, the king should appoint as ministers.)
The king should always appoint as ministers those who are knowledgeable about place, time, arrangements, the ruler's duties, and who seek the welfare of his undertakings, in all matters.
हीनतेजा ह्यसंहृष्टो नैव जातु व्यवस्यति। अवश्यं जनयत्येव सर्वकर्मसु संशयान् ॥१२-८४-२३॥
hīnatejā hy asaṃhṛṣṭo naiva jātu vyavasyati। avaśyaṃ janayatyeva sarvakarmasu saṃśayān ॥12-84-23॥
[हीनतेजा (hīnatejā) - one whose energy is diminished; हि (hi) - indeed; असंहृष्टः (asaṃhṛṣṭaḥ) - not cheerful; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - certainly; जातु (jātu) - at any time; व्यवस्यति (vyavasyati) - determines; अवश्यं (avaśyam) - inevitably; जनयति (janayati) - produces; एव (eva) - certainly; सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions; संशयान् (saṃśayān) - doubts;]
(One whose energy is diminished, indeed, not cheerful, not at any time certainly determines. Inevitably, certainly produces doubts in all actions.)
A person of diminished energy, who is not cheerful, never truly makes decisions; inevitably, he generates doubts in all actions.
एवमल्पश्रुतो मन्त्री कल्याणाभिजनोऽप्युत। धर्मार्थकामयुक्तोऽपि नालं मन्त्रं परीक्षितुम् ॥१२-८४-२४॥
evamalpaśruto mantrī kalyāṇābhijano'pyuta| dharmārthakāmayukto'pi nālaṃ mantraṃ parīkṣitum ॥12-84-24॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; अल्प (alpa) - little; श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - learned; मन्त्री (mantrī) - minister; कल्याण (kalyāṇa) - auspicious; अभिजनः (abhijanaḥ) - noble birth; अपि (api) - even; उत (uta) - and; धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; अर्थ (artha) - wealth; काम (kāma) - desire; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; अपि (api) - even; न (na) - not; अलम् (alam) - capable; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel; परीक्षितुम् (parīkṣitum) - to examine;]
(Thus, a minister of little learning, even if of noble birth and endowed with auspiciousness, even if endowed with righteousness, wealth, and desire, is not capable of examining counsel.)
Thus, a minister with little learning, even if he is of noble birth and endowed with auspicious qualities, and even if he possesses righteousness, wealth, and desire, is not capable of examining counsel.
तथैवानभिजातोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः। अनायक इवाचक्षुर्मुह्यत्यूह्येषु कर्मसु ॥१२-८४-२५॥
tathaivānabhijāto'pi kāmamastu bahuśrutaḥ। anāyaka ivācakṣurmuhyatyūhyeṣu karmasu ॥12-84-25॥
[तथा (tathā) - in that way; एव (eva) - indeed; अनभिजातः (anabhijātaḥ) - not well-born; अपि (api) - even; कामम् (kāmam) - indeed; अस्तु (astu) - let him be; बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - well-learned; अनायकः (anāyakaḥ) - without a guide; इव (iva) - like; अचक्षुः (acakṣuḥ) - blind; मुह्यति (muhyati) - becomes confused; ऊह्येषु (ūhyeṣu) - in matters to be inferred; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions;]
(In that way, even if not well-born, let him indeed be well-learned; without a guide, like the blind, he becomes confused in actions to be inferred.)
Thus, even if a person is not of noble birth, let him be well-learned; but without a guide, like a blind man, he becomes confused in matters requiring inference.
यो वा ह्यस्थिरसङ्कल्पो बुद्धिमानागतागमः। उपायज्ञोऽपि नालं स कर्म यापयितुं चिरम् ॥१२-८४-२६॥
yo vā hy asthira-saṅkalpo buddhimān āgatāgamaḥ। upāyayjño'pi nālaṃ sa karma yāpayituṃ ciram ॥12-84-26॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; वा (vā) - or; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्थिरसङ्कल्पः (asthira-saṅkalpaḥ) - of unsteady resolve; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent; आगतागमः (āgata-āgamaḥ) - having knowledge of past and future; उपायज्ञः (upāya-jñaḥ) - knower of means; अपि (api) - even; न (na) - not; अलम् (alam) - capable; सः (saḥ) - he; कर्म (karma) - action; यापयितुम् (yāpayitum) - to accomplish; चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time;]
(Whoever indeed is of unsteady resolve, though intelligent and possessing knowledge of past and future, even if a knower of means, he is not capable to accomplish an action for a long time.)
One whose resolve is unsteady, even if intelligent and knowledgeable of past and future, and skilled in means, is not able to sustain an undertaking for long.
केवलात्पुनराचारात्कर्मणो नोपपद्यते। परिमर्शो विशेषाणामश्रुतस्येह दुर्मतेः ॥१२-८४-२७॥
kevalāt punar ācārāt karmaṇo nopapadyate। parimarśo viśeṣāṇām aśrutasya iha durmateḥ ॥12-84-27॥
[केवलात् (kevalāt) - from only; from exclusiveness; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; आचारात् (ācārāt) - from conduct; from practice; कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action; of deed; न (na) - not; उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is accomplished; arises; परिमर्शः (parimarśaḥ) - discernment; reflection; विशेषाणाम् (viśeṣāṇām) - of distinctions; of particulars; अश्रुतस्य (aśrutasya) - of one who has not heard; of the unlearned; इह (iha) - here; दुर्मतेः (durmateḥ) - of one with a bad mind; of the wicked; ॥१२-८४-२७॥ (॥12-84-27॥) -;]
(From only, again, from conduct, of action, not is accomplished; discernment of distinctions of one who has not heard here of the wicked.)
Discernment of distinctions regarding actions does not arise merely from repeated conduct alone; here, for the unlearned and the wicked, it is not attained.
मन्त्रिण्यननुरक्ते तु विश्वासो न हि विद्यते। तस्मादननुरक्ताय नैव मन्त्रं प्रकाशयेत् ॥१२-८४-२८॥
mantriṇyananurakte tu viśvāso na hi vidyate। tasmādananuraktāya naiva mantraṃ prakāśayet ॥12-84-28॥
[मन्त्रिणि (mantriṇi) - in a minister; अननुरक्ते (ananurakte) - not attached; तु (tu) - but; विश्वासः (viśvāsaḥ) - trust; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; अननुरक्ताय (ananuraktāya) - to one not attached; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - at all; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - secret; प्रकाशयेत् (prakāśayet) - should reveal;]
(But in a minister not attached, trust indeed does not exist. Therefore, to one not attached, one should not at all reveal the secret.)
Trust does not exist in a minister who is not attached. Therefore, one should never reveal a secret to someone who is not loyal.
व्यथयेद्धि स राजानं मन्त्रिभिः सहितोऽनृजुः। मारुतोपहतच्छिद्रैः प्रविश्याग्निरिव द्रुमम् ॥१२-८४-२९॥
vyathayed dhi sa rājānaṃ mantribhiḥ sahito'nṛjuḥ। mārutopahatacchidraiḥ praviśyāgnir iva drumam ॥12-84-29॥
[व्यथयेत् (vyathayet) - should cause pain; हि (hi) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - he; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by ministers; सहितः (sahitaḥ) - together; अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - crooked; मारुत (māruta) - wind; उपहत (upahata) - struck; छिद्रैः (chidraiḥ) - through holes; प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; इव (iva) - like; द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree;]
(Indeed, he, a crooked one together with ministers, should cause pain to the king, like fire having entered a tree through holes struck by the wind.)
A crooked person, together with ministers, can indeed cause pain to the king, just as fire, entering a tree through holes made by the wind, consumes it.
सङ्क्रुध्यत्येकदा स्वामी स्थानाच्चैवापकर्षति। वाचा क्षिपति संरब्धस्ततः पश्चात्प्रसीदति ॥१२-८४-३०॥
saṅkrudhyyatyekadā svāmī sthānāccaivāpakarṣati। vācā kṣipati saṁrabdhas tataḥ paścāt prasīdati ॥12-84-30॥
[सङ्क्रुध्यति (saṅkrudhhyati) - becomes very angry; एकदा (ekadā) - once; स्वामी (svāmī) - the master; स्थानात् (sthānāt) - from the place; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - pulls away; वाचा (vācā) - with words; क्षिपति (kṣipati) - scolds; संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged; ततः (tataḥ) - then; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; प्रसीदति (prasīdati) - becomes pleased;]
(The master, once becoming very angry, indeed pulls (someone) away from the place; enraged, he scolds with words; then afterwards, he becomes pleased.)
Once, the master becomes very angry and pulls (someone) away from the place; in his rage, he scolds with words, but then afterwards, he calms down and is pleased.
तानि तान्यनुरक्तेन शक्यान्यनुतितिक्षितुम्। मन्त्रिणां च भवेत्क्रोधो विस्फूर्जितमिवाशनेः ॥१२-८४-३१॥
tāni tāny anuraktena śakyāny anutitikṣitum। mantriṇāṃ ca bhavet krodho visphūrjitam ivāśaneḥ ॥12-84-31॥
[तानि (tāni) - those (things); तानि (tāni) - those (things); अनुरक्तेन (anuraktena) - by the attached; by the devoted; by the affectionate; by the loving; by the fond; by the enamored; शक्यानि (śakyāni) - possible; able to be; capable; अनुतितिक्षितुम् (anutitikṣitum) - to be endured; to be tolerated; to be borne; मन्त्रिणां (mantriṇāṃ) - of ministers; of counselors; च (ca) - and; भवेत् (bhavet) - there may be; may arise; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; विस्फूर्जितम् (visphūrjitam) - roaring; thundering; bursting forth; इव (iva) - like; as if; आशनेः (āśaneḥ) - of thunder; of the thunderbolt;]
(Those, those by the attached are possible to be endured. And in ministers may arise anger, like the bursting forth of thunder.)
Those things, when one is attached, can be endured; but in ministers, anger may arise like the bursting of thunder.
यस्तु संहरते तानि भर्तुः प्रियचिकीर्षया। समानसुखदुःखं तं पृच्छेदर्थेषु मानवम् ॥१२-८४-३२॥
yastu saṃharate tāni bhartuḥ priyacikīrṣayā। samānasukhaduḥkhaṃ taṃ pṛcchedartheṣu mānavam ॥12-84-32॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; संहरते (saṃharate) - restrains; तानि (tāni) - those; भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the master; प्रियचिकीर्षया (priyacikīrṣayā) - with the desire to do what is pleasing; समानसुखदुःखं (samānasukhaduḥkham) - equal in happiness and sorrow; तम् (tam) - him; पृच्छेत् (pṛcchet) - should ask; अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - regarding matters; मानवम् (mānavam) - the man;]
(But who restrains those (senses) for the master's sake, with the desire to do what is pleasing, who is equal in happiness and sorrow, him one should ask regarding matters, the man.)
But the man who restrains those (senses) out of a desire to please his master, who is equal in happiness and sorrow, he should be consulted by the master on matters.
अनृजुस्त्वनुरक्तोऽपि सम्पन्नश्चेतरैर्गुणैः। राज्ञः प्रज्ञानयुक्तोऽपि न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३३॥
anṛjustvanurakto'pi sampannaścetairguṇaiḥ। rājñaḥ prajñānayukto'pi na mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-33॥
[अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - not-upright; त्व (tva) - but; अनुरक्तः (anuraktaḥ) - attached; अपि (api) - even; सम्पन्नः (sampannaḥ) - endowed; च (ca) - and; इतरैः (itaraiḥ) - other; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - qualities; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; प्रज्ञानयुक्तः (prajñānayuktaḥ) - endowed with wisdom; अपि (api) - even; न (na) - not; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(Not-upright but even if attached, endowed with other qualities, even if endowed with wisdom of the king, does not deserve to hear counsel.)
Even if a person is attached and endowed with other qualities, if he is not upright, even if he is endowed with the king's wisdom, he does not deserve to hear counsel.
योऽमित्रैः सह सम्बद्धो न पौरान्बहु मन्यते। स सुहृत्तादृशो राज्ञो न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३४॥
yo’mitraiḥ saha sambandho na paurān bahu manyate. sa suhṛttādṛśo rājño na mantraṃ śrotum arhati ॥12-84-34॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; अमित्रैः (amitraiḥ) - with enemies; सह (saha) - together; सम्बद्धः (sambaddhaḥ) - associated; न (na) - not; पौरान् (paurān) - citizens; बहु (bahu) - much; मन्यते (manyate) - considers; सः (saḥ) - he; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend; तादृशः (tādṛśaḥ) - such; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; न (na) - not; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(Who, associated together with enemies, does not consider the citizens much; he, such a friend of the king, does not deserve to hear the counsel.)
He who is associated with enemies and does not value the citizens much, such a friend of the king does not deserve to hear the king's counsel.
अविद्वानशुचिः स्तब्धः शत्रुसेवी विकत्थनः। स सुहृत्क्रोधनो लुब्धो न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३५॥
avidvānaśuciḥ stabdhaḥ śatrusevī vikatthanaḥ। sa suhṛtkrodhano lubdho na mantraṃ śrotumarhati॥12-84-35॥
[अविद्वान् (avidvān) - ignorant; अशुचिः (aśuciḥ) - impure; स्तब्धः (stabdhaḥ) - arrogant; शत्रुसेवी (śatrusevī) - serving enemies; विकत्थनः (vikatthanaḥ) - boastful; सः (saḥ) - he; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend; क्रोधनः (krodhanaḥ) - angry; लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - greedy; न (na) - not; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(The ignorant, impure, arrogant, one who serves enemies, boastful, he who is a friend, angry, greedy, does not deserve to hear counsel.)
An ignorant, impure, arrogant person who serves enemies, is boastful, angry, greedy, and even if he is a friend, does not deserve to hear counsel.
आगन्तुश्चानुरक्तोऽपि काममस्तु बहुश्रुतः। सत्कृतः संविभक्तो वा न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३६॥
āgantuścānurakto'pi kāmamastu bahuśrutaḥ। satkṛtaḥ saṃvibhakto vā na mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-36॥
[आगन्तुः (āgantuḥ) - visitor; च (ca) - and; अनुरक्तः (anuraktaḥ) - attached; अपि (api) - even; कामम् (kāmam) - indeed; अस्तु (astu) - let be; बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - well-learned; सत्कृतः (satkṛtaḥ) - honored; संविभक्तः (saṃvibhaktaḥ) - given a share; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; मन्त्रं (mantram) - teaching; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(A visitor, even if attached, indeed let be, well-learned, honored, or given a share, does not deserve to hear the teaching.)
Even if a visitor is attached, well-learned, honored, or given a share, he does not deserve to hear the teaching.
यस्त्वल्पेनापि कार्येण सकृदाक्षारितो भवेत्। पुनरन्यैर्गुणैर्युक्तो न मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३७॥
yastvalpenāpi kāryeṇa sakṛdākṣārito bhavet। punaranyairguṇairyukto na mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-37॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; अल्पेन (alpena) - by a little; अपि (api) - even; कार्येण (kāryeṇa) - by an act; सकृत् (sakṛt) - once; आक्षारितः (ākṣāritaḥ) - reproached; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by virtues; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; न (na) - not; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(Who but even by a little act, once reproached may be, again by others with virtues endowed, not counsel to hear deserves.)
But one who has once been reproached for even a small act, even if later endowed with other virtues, does not deserve to hear counsel.
कृतप्रज्ञश्च मेधावी बुधो जानपदः शुचिः। सर्वकर्मसु यः शुद्धः स मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३८॥
kṛtaprajñaś ca medhāvī budho jānapadaḥ śuciḥ। sarvakarmasu yaḥ śuddhaḥ sa mantraṃ śrotum arhati॥12-84-38॥
[कृतप्रज्ञः (kṛtaprajñaḥ) - one who has accomplished wisdom; च (ca) - and; मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent; बुधः (budhaḥ) - wise; जानपदः (jānapadaḥ) - one belonging to a community; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions; यः (yaḥ) - who; शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्त्रं (mantram) - teaching; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy; ॥१२-८४-३८॥ (॥12-84-38॥) - ;]
(One who has accomplished wisdom, and is intelligent, wise, belonging to a community, pure, who is pure in all actions, he is worthy to hear the teaching.)
He who has attained wisdom, is intelligent, wise, a member of the community, pure, and pure in all actions, is worthy to hear the teaching.
ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नः प्रकृतिज्ञः परात्मनोः। सुहृदात्मसमो राज्ञः स मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-३९॥
jñānavijñānasampannaḥ prakṛtijñaḥ parātmanoḥ। suhṛdātmasamo rājñaḥ sa mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-39॥
[ज्ञान (jñāna) - knowledge; विज्ञान (vijñāna) - discernment; सम्पन्नः (sampannaḥ) - endowed; प्रकृति (prakṛti) - nature; ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - knower; पर (para) - of the other; आत्मनोः (ātmanoḥ) - of the selves; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - well-wisher; आत्म (ātma) - self; समः (samaḥ) - equal; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्त्रं (mantram) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy;]
(Endowed with knowledge and discernment, knower of nature and of the selves, equal to the self and well-wisher, he is worthy to hear the counsel of the king.)
He who is endowed with knowledge and discernment, who knows the nature of things and the selves, who is equal-minded and a well-wisher, is worthy to hear the king's counsel.
सत्यवाक्षीलसम्पन्नो गम्भीरः सत्रपो मृदुः। पितृपैतामहो यः स्यात्स मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-४०॥
satyavākṣīlasampanno gambhīraḥ satrapo mṛduḥ। pitṛpaitāmaho yaḥ syāts mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-40॥
[सत्य (satya) - truth; वाक् (vāk) - speech; शील (śīla) - character; सम्पन्नः (sampannaḥ) - endowed; गम्भीरः (gambhīraḥ) - deep; सत्रपः (satrapaḥ) - modest; मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle; पितृ (pitṛ) - father; पैतामहः (paitāmahaḥ) - ancestral; यः (yaḥ) - who; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - teaching; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy;]
(He who is endowed with truth, speech, character, depth, modesty, gentleness, and is of paternal and ancestral lineage, he is worthy to hear the teaching.)
He who possesses truthfulness, good speech, character, depth, modesty, gentleness, and is of paternal and ancestral lineage is worthy to hear this teaching.
सन्तुष्टः संमतः सत्यः शौटीरो द्वेष्यपापकः। मन्त्रवित्कालविच्छूरः स मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-४१॥
santuṣṭaḥ saṃmataḥ satyaḥ śauṭīro dveṣyapāpakaḥ। mantravitkālavicchūraḥ sa mantraṃ śrotumarhati ॥12-84-41॥
[सन्तुष्टः (santuṣṭaḥ) - contented; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - approved; सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful; शौटीरः (śauṭīraḥ) - firm; द्वेष्यपापकः (dveṣyapāpakaḥ) - one who destroys hateful evil; मन्त्रवित् (mantravit) - knower of mantra; कालविच्छूरः (kālavicchūraḥ) - one who discerns time; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - mantra; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy;]
(Contented, approved, truthful, firm, destroyer of hateful evil, knower of mantra, discerner of time—he is worthy to hear the mantra.)
He who is content, approved, truthful, firm, a destroyer of hateful evil, a knower of mantra, and a discerner of time is worthy to hear the mantra.
सर्वलोकं समं शक्तः सान्त्वेन कुरुते वशे। तस्मै मन्त्रः प्रयोक्तव्यो दण्डमाधित्सता नृप ॥१२-८४-४२॥
sarvalokaṃ samaṃ śaktaḥ sāntvena kurute vaśe। tasmai mantraḥ prayoktavyo daṇḍamādhitsatā nṛpa ॥12-84-42॥
[सर्वलोकं (sarvalokaṃ) - all worlds; समं (samaṃ) - equally; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - able; सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - by conciliation; कुरुते (kurute) - makes; वशे (vaśe) - under control; तस्मै (tasmai) - to him; मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - counsel; प्रयोक्तव्यः (prayoktavyaḥ) - should be applied; दण्डमाधित्सता (daṇḍamādhitsatā) - by one desiring to impose punishment; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]
(One who is able, by conciliation, makes all worlds equally under control. To him, O king, counsel should be applied by one desiring to impose punishment.)
O king, one who is able to bring all people under control equally by conciliation should be given counsel by one who wishes to impose punishment.
पौरजानपदा यस्मिन्विश्वासं धर्मतो गताः। योद्धा नयविपश्चिच्च स मन्त्रं श्रोतुमर्हति ॥१२-८४-४३॥
paurajanapadā yasmin viśvāsaṃ dharmato gatāḥ। yoddhā nayavipaścicca sa mantraṃ śrotum arhati॥12-84-43॥
[पौर (paura) - of citizens; जनपदा (janapadā) - of countrymen; यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; विश्वासं (viśvāsaṃ) - trust; धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to dharma; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone; योद्धा (yoddhā) - warrior; नयविपश्चित् (nayavipaścit) - wise in policy; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy; ॥१२-८४-४३॥ (॥12-84-43॥) - ;]
(Of citizens, of countrymen, in whom trust according to dharma has gone; the warrior, wise in policy and he is worthy to hear counsel.)
He in whom the citizens and countrymen have placed their trust according to dharma, who is a warrior and wise in policy, is worthy to hear counsel.
तस्मात्सर्वैर्गुणैरेतैरुपपन्नाः सुपूजिताः। मन्त्रिणः प्रकृतिज्ञाः स्युस्त्र्यवरा महदीप्सवः ॥१२-८४-४४॥
tasmātsarvairguṇairetairupapannāḥ supūjitāḥ। mantriṇaḥ prakṛtijñāḥ syustryavarā mahadīpsavaḥ ॥12-84-44॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - qualities; एतैः (etaiḥ) - these; उपपन्नाः (upapannāḥ) - endowed (with); सुपूजिताः (supūjitāḥ) - well-honored; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers; प्रकृति (prakṛti) - nature; ज्ञाः (jñāḥ) - knowers; स्युः (syuḥ) - should be; त्र्यवरा (tryavarā) - three classes (of); महदीप्सवः (mahadīpsavaḥ) - having great desire; ॥१२-८४-४४॥ (॥12-84-44॥) - ॥12-84-44॥;]
(Therefore, endowed with all these qualities, well-honored, ministers, knowers of nature, should be of three classes, having great desire.)
Therefore, ministers who are well-honored and endowed with all these qualities, and who know the nature (of things), should be of three types and possess great ambition.
स्वासु प्रकृतिषु छिद्रं लक्षयेरन्परस्य च। मन्त्रिणो मन्त्रमूलं हि राज्ञो राष्ट्रं विवर्धते ॥१२-८४-४५॥
svāsu prakṛtiṣu chidraṃ lakṣayeran parasya ca। mantriṇo mantramūlaṃ hi rājño rāṣṭraṃ vivardhate॥12-84-45॥
[स्वासु (svāsu) - in one's own; (locative plural of sva) प्रकृतिषु (prakṛtiṣu) - in the elements/constituents; (locative plural of prakṛti) छिद्रं (chidram) - flaw; लक्षयेरन् (lakṣayeran) - should observe; (optative plural of lakṣay) परस्य (parasya) - of the other; (genitive singular of para) च (ca) - and; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers; (nominative plural of mantrin) मन्त्रमूलं (mantramūlam) - rooted in counsel; (accusative singular of mantramūla) हि (hi) - indeed; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; (genitive singular of rājā) राष्ट्रं (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; (accusative singular of rāṣṭra) विवर्धते (vivardhate) - prospers; (present middle singular of vivṛdh) १२-८४-४५ (12-84-45) - 12-84-45;]
(In one's own elements flaws should observe, of the other and. Ministers counsel-rooted indeed of the king kingdom prospers.)
Ministers should observe flaws in their own and others' elements. Indeed, the kingdom of a king prospers when rooted in counsel.
नास्य छिद्रं परः पश्येच्छिद्रेषु परमन्वियात्। गूहेत्कूर्म इवाङ्गानि रक्षेद्विवरमात्मनः ॥१२-८४-४६॥
nāsya chidraṃ paraḥ paśyecchidreṣu paramanviyāt। gūhetkūrma ivāṅgāni rakṣedvivaramātmanaḥ ॥12-84-46॥
[न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - of him; छिद्रं (chidram) - fault; opening; परः (paraḥ) - another; other person; पश्येत् (paśyet) - should see; छिद्रेषु (chidreṣu) - in faults; in openings; परम् (param) - another; other person; अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - should seek; should investigate; गूहेत् (gūhet) - should conceal; कूर्मः (kūrmaḥ) - tortoise; इव (iva) - like; अङ्गानि (aṅgāni) - limbs; रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - should protect; विवरम् (vivaram) - opening; gap; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself;]
(One should not see the fault of another; one should not seek out the faults in others. One should conceal (one's own faults) like a tortoise (hides) its limbs; one should protect the opening of oneself.)
One should not look for faults in others or seek out their shortcomings. Instead, just as a tortoise withdraws its limbs, one should conceal and protect one's own weaknesses.
मन्त्रग्राहा हि राज्यस्य मन्त्रिणो ये मनीषिणः। मन्त्रसंहननो राजा मन्त्राङ्गानीतरो जनः ॥१२-८४-४७॥
mantragrāhā hi rājyasya mantriṇo ye manīṣiṇaḥ। mantrasaṃhanano rājā mantrāṅgānītaro janaḥ ॥12-84-47॥
[मन्त्रग्राहा (mantragrāhāḥ) - those who grasp counsel; हि (hi) - indeed; राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers; ये (ye) - who; मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise ones; मन्त्रसंहननः (mantrasaṃhananaḥ) - who consolidates counsel; राजा (rājā) - the king; मन्त्राङ्गानि (mantrāṅgāni) - the limbs of counsel; इतरो (itaraḥ) - other; जनः (janaḥ) - person;]
(Those who grasp counsel, indeed, of the kingdom, the ministers who are wise; who consolidates counsel, the king; the limbs of counsel, other person.)
The wise ministers who grasp counsel are indeed the kingdom's ministers; the king is the one who consolidates counsel; any other person is only a limb of counsel.
राज्यं प्रणिधिमूलं हि मन्त्रसारं प्रचक्षते। स्वामिनं त्वनुवर्तन्ति वृत्त्यर्थमिह मन्त्रिणः ॥१२-८४-४८॥
rājyaṃ praṇidhimūlaṃ hi mantrasāraṃ pracakṣate। svāminaṃ tvanuvartanti vṛttyarthamiha mantriṇaḥ ॥12-84-48॥
[राज्यं (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; प्रणिधिमूलं (praṇidhimūlaṃ) - having the spy as root; हि (hi) - indeed; मन्त्रसारं (mantrasāraṃ) - essence of counsel; प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - declare; स्वामिनं (svāminaṃ) - the lord; तु (tu) - but; अनुवर्तन्ति (anuvartanti) - follow; वृत्त्यर्थम् (vṛttyartham) - for the sake of livelihood; इह (iha) - here; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers;]
(Kingdom indeed is declared to have the spy as its root, the essence of counsel. But here, ministers follow the lord for the sake of livelihood.)
It is said that the foundation of a kingdom is the spy, who is the essence of counsel. However, here, ministers serve the king primarily for their livelihood.
स विनीय मदक्रोधौ मानमीर्ष्यां च निर्वृतः। नित्यं पञ्चोपधातीतैर्मन्त्रयेत्सह मन्त्रिभिः ॥१२-८४-४९॥
sa vinīya madakrodhau mānamīrṣyāṃ ca nirvṛtaḥ। nityaṃ pañcopadhātītairmantrayetsaha mantribhiḥ ॥12-84-49॥
[स (sa) - he; विनीय (vinīya) - having subdued; मदक्रोधौ (madakrodhau) - pride and anger; मानमीर्ष्यां (mānamīrṣyāṃ) - arrogance and envy; च (ca) - and; निर्वृतः (nirvṛtaḥ) - being free from; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; पञ्चोपधातीतैः (pañcopadhātītaiḥ) - by those who have transcended the five deceptions; मन्त्रयेत् (mantrayet) - should deliberate; सह (saha) - with; मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - ministers;]
(He, having subdued pride and anger, arrogance and envy, being free from them, should always deliberate with ministers who have transcended the five deceptions.)
He who has subdued pride, anger, arrogance, and envy, and is free from them, should always consult with ministers who have overcome the five deceptions.
तेषां त्रयाणां विविधं विमर्शं; बुध्येत चित्तं विनिवेश्य तत्र। स्वनिश्चयं तं परनिश्चयं च; निवेदयेदुत्तरमन्त्रकाले ॥१२-८४-५०॥
teṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ vividhaṃ vimarśaṃ; budhyeta cittaṃ viniveśya tatra. svaniścayaṃ taṃ paraniścayaṃ ca; nivedayeduttaramantrakāle ॥12-84-50॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; त्रयाणां (trayāṇām) - of the three; विविधं (vividham) - various; विमर्शं (vimarśam) - deliberation; बुध्येत (budhyeta) - should understand; चित्तं (cittam) - mind; विनिवेश्य (viniveśya) - having fixed; तत्र (tatra) - there; स्वनिश्चयं (svaniścayam) - one's own decision; तं (tam) - that; परनिश्चयं (paraniścayam) - others' decision; च (ca) - and; निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should declare; उत्तरमन्त्रकाले (uttaramantrakāle) - at the time of the final counsel;]
(Of them, of the three, various deliberation; should understand, mind having fixed there. One's own decision, that, others' decision and; should declare at the time of the final counsel.)
Having fixed the mind there, one should understand the various deliberations of those three; and at the time of the final counsel, one should declare both one's own decision and that of others.
धर्मार्थकामज्ञमुपेत्य पृच्छे; द्युक्तो गुरुं ब्राह्मणमुत्तमार्थम्। निष्ठा कृता तेन यदा सह स्या; त्तं तत्र मार्गं प्रणयेदसक्तम् ॥१२-८४-५१॥
dharmārthakāmajñam upetya pṛcche; dyukto guruṃ brāhmaṇam uttamārtham। niṣṭhā kṛtā tena yadā saha syāt; taṃ tatra mārgaṃ praṇayed asaktam ॥12-84-51॥
[धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; अर्थ (artha) - wealth; काम (kāma) - desire; ज्ञम् (jñam) - knower; उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached; पृच्छे (pṛcche) - I ask; द्युक्तः (dyuktaḥ) - having been instructed; गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - brāhmaṇa; उत्तमार्थम् (uttamārtham) - for the highest purpose; निष्ठा (niṣṭhā) - steadfastness; कृता (kṛtā) - established; तेन (tena) - by him; यदा (yadā) - when; सह (saha) - with; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; तम् (tam) - him; तत्र (tatra) - there; मार्गम् (mārgam) - path; प्रणयेत् (praṇayet) - should lead; असक्तम् (asaktam) - without attachment;]
(Having approached one who knows righteousness, wealth, and desire, I ask; having been instructed, the teacher, the brāhmaṇa, for the highest purpose. When steadfastness is established by him, with him; him, there, on the path, should lead without attachment.)
Having approached a brāhmaṇa who knows righteousness, wealth, and desire, and having asked him, when the teacher instructs for the highest purpose and steadfastness is established with him, then he should lead him on that path without attachment.
एवं सदा मन्त्रयितव्यमाहु; र्ये मन्त्रतत्त्वार्थविनिश्चयज्ञाः। तस्मात्त्वमेवं प्रणयेः सदैव; मन्त्रं प्रजासङ्ग्रहणे समर्थम् ॥१२-८४-५२॥
evaṃ sadā mantrayitavyam āhuḥ ye mantra-tattva-artha-viniścaya-jñāḥ| tasmāt tvam evaṃ praṇayeḥ sadaiva mantram prajā-saṅgrahaṇe samartham ॥12-84-52॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; सदा (sadā) - always; मन्त्रयितव्यम् (mantrayitavyam) - should be deliberated; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; ये (ye) - who; मन्त्र (mantra) - counsel; तत्त्व (tattva) - essence; अर्थ (artha) - meaning; विनिश्चय (viniścaya) - ascertainment; ज्ञाः (jñāḥ) - knowers; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; त्वम् (tvam) - you; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; प्रणयेः (praṇayeḥ) - should establish; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel; प्रजा (prajā) - subjects; सङ्ग्रहणे (saṅgrahaṇe) - in the uniting; समर्थम् (samartham) - capable;]
(Thus, always it should be deliberated, say those who are knowers of the ascertainment of the essence and meaning of counsel. Therefore, you should thus always establish counsel capable in the uniting of the subjects.)
Therefore, as those who know the true import of counsel declare, you should always establish such capable counsel for the unification of the people.
न वामनाः कुब्जकृशा न खञ्जा; नान्धा जडाः स्त्री न नपुंसकं च। न चात्र तिर्यङ्न पुरो न पश्चा; न्नोर्ध्वं न चाधः प्रचरेत कश्चित् ॥१२-८४-५३॥
na vāmanāḥ kubjakṛśā na khañjā; nāndhā jaḍāḥ strī na napuṁsakaṁ ca. na cātra tiryaṅ na puro na paścā; nordhvaṁ na cādhaḥ pracaret kaścit ॥12-84-53॥
[न (na) - not; वामनाः (vāmanāḥ) - dwarfs; कुब्जकृशाः (kubjakṛśāḥ) - hunchbacked and emaciated; न (na) - not; खञ्जाः (khañjāḥ) - lame; न (na) - not; अन्धाः (andhāḥ) - blind; जडाः (jaḍāḥ) - dull-witted; स्त्री (strī) - woman; न (na) - not; नपुंसकम् (napuṁsakam) - neuter; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अत्र (atra) - here; तिर्यक् (tiryaṅ) - across; न (na) - not; पुरः (puraḥ) - in front; न (na) - not; पश्चात् (paścāt) - behind; न (na) - not; ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - above; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अधः (adhaḥ) - below; प्रचरेत् (pracaret) - should move; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone;]
(Not dwarfs, hunchbacked, emaciated, not lame; not blind, dull-witted, woman, nor neuter and. Nor here across, not in front, not behind; nor above, nor below should anyone move.)
There are no dwarfs, hunchbacked, emaciated, or lame; no blind, dull-witted, women, or neuters here. Nor does anyone move here across, in front, behind, above, or below.
आरुह्य वातायनमेव शून्यं; स्थलं प्रकाशं कुशकाशहीनम्। वागङ्गदोषान्परिहृत्य मन्त्रं; संमन्त्रयेत्कार्यमहीनकालम् ॥१२-८४-५४॥
āruhya vātāyanam-eva śūnyaṃ; sthalaṃ prakāśaṃ kuśakāśa-hīnam। vāg-aṅga-doṣān-parihṛtya mantraṃ; saṃmantrayet kāryam ahīna-kālam ॥12-84-54॥
[आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended; वातायनम् (vātāyanam) - window; एव (eva) - indeed; शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty; स्थलम् (sthalam) - place; प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - bright; कुशकाशहीनम् (kuśakāśa-hīnam) - devoid of kuśa and kāśa grass; वाक् (vāk) - speech; अङ्ग (aṅga) - limb; दोषान् (doṣān) - faults; परिहृत्य (parihṛtya) - having avoided; मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel; संमन्त्रयेत् (saṃmantrayet) - should deliberate; कार्य (kārya) - action; अहीनकालम् (ahīna-kālam) - at the proper time;]
(Having ascended indeed the empty window; (in) a bright place devoid of kuśa and kāśa grass; having avoided faults of speech and limb, (one) should deliberate on counsel regarding action at the proper time.)
One should ascend an empty window, in a bright place free from kuśa and kāśa grass, and, having avoided faults of speech and body, deliberate on counsel regarding action at the proper time.
