12.089
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said:
यदा राजा समर्थोऽपि कोशार्थी स्यान्महामते। कथं प्रवर्तेत तदा तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१२-८९-१॥
yadā rājā samartho'pi kośārthī syān mahāmate। kathaṁ pravarteta tadā tan me brūhi pitāmaha॥12-89-1॥
[यदा (yadā) - when; राजा (rājā) - king; समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable; अपि (api) - even; कोशार्थी (kośārthī) - seeking treasury; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded; कथम् (katham) - how; प्रवर्तेत् (pravarteta) - should act; तदा (tadā) - then; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - to me; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire;]
(When the king, even though capable, is in need of treasury, O great-minded one, how should he act then? That tell me, O grandsire.)
O grandsire, tell me this: When a king, though capable, is in need of treasury, O great-minded one, how should he act at that time?
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said:
यथादेशं यथाकालमपि चैव यथाबलम्। अनुशिष्यात्प्रजा राजा धर्मार्थी तद्धिते रतः ॥१२-८९-२॥
yathādeśaṃ yathākālam api caiva yathābalam। anuśiṣyāt prajā rājā dharmārthī taddhite rataḥ ॥12-89-2॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; in accordance with; देशं (deśam) - place; region; यथा (yathā) - as; in accordance with; कालम् (kālam) - time; period; अपि (api) - also; even; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; यथा (yathā) - as; in accordance with; बलम् (balam) - strength; capacity; अनुशिष्यात् (anuśiṣyāt) - should instruct; should teach; प्रजा (prajā) - subjects; people; राजा (rājā) - king; धर्मार्थी (dharmārthī) - one who desires dharma; seeker of righteousness; तद्धिते (taddhite) - in their welfare; for their benefit; रतः (rataḥ) - engaged; devoted;]
(As per place, as per time, also and indeed as per strength, the king who desires dharma, engaged in their welfare, should instruct the subjects.)
The king who seeks righteousness, devoted to the welfare of his people, should instruct his subjects according to place, time, and their capacity.
यथा तासां च मन्येत श्रेय आत्मन एव च। तथा धर्म्याणि सर्वाणि राजा राष्ट्रे प्रवर्तयेत् ॥१२-८९-३॥
yathā tāsāṃ ca manyeta śreya ātmana eva ca। tathā dharmyāṇi sarvāṇi rājā rāṣṭre pravartayet ॥12-89-3॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; तासां (tāsāṃ) - of those (women); च (ca) - and; मন্যेत (manyeta) - should consider; श्रेय (śreya) - the better; आत्मन (ātmana) - for oneself; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; धर्म्याणि (dharmyāṇi) - righteous (acts); सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; राजा (rājā) - the king; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom; प्रवर्तयेत् (pravartayet) - should cause to be established;]
(Just as of those and should consider the better for oneself indeed and, in the same way, all righteous (acts) the king in the kingdom should cause to be established.)
Just as one should consider what is best for oneself and for those women, so too should the king establish all righteous acts in the kingdom.
मधुदोहं दुहेद्राष्ट्रं भ्रमरान्न विपातयेत्। वत्सापेक्षी दुहेच्चैव स्तनांश्च न विकुट्टयेत् ॥१२-८९-४॥
madhudohaṃ duhedrāṣṭraṃ bhramarānna vipātayet| vatsāpekṣī duheccaiva stanāṃśca na vikuṭṭayet ॥12-89-4॥
[मधुदोहम् (madhudoham) - honey-extracting; दुहेत् (duhet) - should milk; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; भ्रमरान् (bhramarān) - bees; न (na) - not; विपातयेत् (vipātayet) - should destroy; वत्सापेक्षी (vatsāpekṣī) - having regard for the calf; दुहेत् (duhet) - should milk; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; स्तनान् (stanān) - udders; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; विकुट्टयेत् (vikuṭṭayet) - should cut;]
(One should extract honey, should milk the kingdom, should not destroy the bees. Having regard for the calf, one should indeed milk, and should not cut the udders.)
One may collect honey and draw resources from the kingdom, but should not destroy the bees. Similarly, one should milk the cow with consideration for the calf and never cut the udders.
जलौकावत्पिबेद्राष्ट्रं मृदुनैव नराधिप। व्याघ्रीव च हरेत्पुत्रमदष्ट्वा मा पतेदिति ॥१२-८९-५॥
jalaukāvat pibed rāṣṭraṃ mṛdunā eva narādhipa। vyāghrī iva ca haret putram adaṣṭvā mā patet iti ॥12-89-5॥
[जलौकावत् (jalaukāvat) - like a leech; पिबेत् (pibet) - should suck; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom; मृदुना (mṛdunā) - gently; एव (eva) - indeed; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king; व्याघ्रीव (vyāghrī iva) - like a tigress; च (ca) - and; हरेत् (haret) - should take away; पुत्रम् (putram) - the offspring; अदष्ट्वा (adaṣṭvā) - without biting; मा (mā) - not; पतेत् (patet) - should fall; इति (iti) - thus;]
(O king, just as a leech should suck the kingdom gently, and like a tigress should take away her offspring without biting, thus one should not fall.)
O king, rule the kingdom gently, like a leech draws blood softly, and like a tigress carries her cub without biting—thus, do not bring harm.
अल्पेनाल्पेन देयेन वर्धमानं प्रदापयेत्। ततो भूयस्ततो भूयः कामं वृद्धिं समाचरेत् ॥१२-८९-६॥
alpenālpena deyena vardhamānaṃ pradāpayet। tato bhūyastato bhūyaḥ kāmaṃ vṛddhiṃ samācaret ॥12-89-6॥
[अल्पेन (alpena) - by a little; by a small amount; अल्पेन (alpena) - by a little; by a small amount; देयेन (deyena) - by what is to be given; by the gift; वर्धमानं (vardhamānam) - increasing; growing; प्रदापयेत् (pradāpayet) - should cause to be given; should make (someone) give; ततः (tataḥ) - then; after that; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more; again; ततः (tataḥ) - then; after that; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more; again; कामम् (kāmam) - as desired; as one wishes; वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - increase; growth; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should perform; should carry out;]
(By a little, by a little, by what is to be given, one should cause the increasing (gift) to be given. Then more, then more, as desired, one should perform the increase.)
One should cause the gift to be increased little by little. Thereafter, one should further increase it as desired.
दमयन्निव दम्यानां शश्वद्भारं प्रवर्धयेत्। मृदुपूर्वं प्रयत्नेन पाशानभ्यवहारयेत् ॥१२-८९-७॥
damayanniva damyānāṃ śaśvadbhāraṃ pravardhayet। mṛdupūrvaṃ prayatnena pāśānabhyavahārayet ॥12-89-7॥
[दमयन् (damayan) - taming; इव (iva) - as if; दम्यानाम् (damyānām) - of those to be tamed; शश्वत् (śaśvat) - constantly; भारम् (bhāram) - burden; प्रवर्धयेत् (pravardhayet) - should increase; मृदु (mṛdu) - gentle; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - at first; प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - with effort; पाशान् (pāśān) - ropes; अभ्यवहारयेत् (abhyavahārayet) - should cause to be used;]
(Taming as if those to be tamed, one should constantly increase the burden; at first, with gentle effort, one should cause the ropes to be used.)
Just as one tames animals to be tamed, one should gradually increase their burden; at first, with gentle effort, one should accustom them to the use of ropes.
सकृत्पाशावकीर्णास्ते न भविष्यन्ति दुर्दमाः। उचितेनैव भोक्तव्यास्ते भविष्यन्ति यत्नतः ॥१२-८९-८॥
sakṛtpāśāvakīrṇāste na bhaviṣyanti durdamāḥ। ucitenaiva bhoktavyāste bhaviṣyanti yatnataḥ ॥12-89-8॥
[सकृत् (sakṛt) - once; पाश (pāśa) - bond; आवकीर्णाः (avakīrṇāḥ) - scattered; ते (te) - they; न (na) - not; भविष्यन्ति (bhaviṣyanti) - will become; दुर्दमाः (durdamāḥ) - difficult to subdue; उचितेन (ucitena) - properly; एव (eva) - indeed; भोक्तव्याः (bhoktavyāḥ) - to be enjoyed; ते (te) - they; भविष्यन्ति (bhaviṣyanti) - will become; यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - with effort;]
(Once scattered by the bond, they will not become difficult to subdue. Properly indeed to be enjoyed, they will become with effort.)
Once they are scattered by the bond, they will not be difficult to subdue. If properly enjoyed, they will become manageable with effort.
तस्मात्सर्वसमारम्भो दुर्लभः पुरुषव्रजः। यथामुख्यान्सान्त्वयित्वा भोक्तव्य इतरो जनः ॥१२-८९-९॥
tasmātsarvasamārambho durlabhaḥ puruṣavrajaḥ। yathāmukhyānsāntvayitvā bhoktavya itaro janaḥ ॥12-89-9॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; सर्वसमारम्भः (sarvasamārambhaḥ) - all undertakings; दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - difficult to obtain; पुरुषव्रजः (puruṣavrajaḥ) - group of men; यथा (yathā) - as; मुख्यान् (mukhyān) - the chiefs; सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having conciliated; भोक्तव्यः (bhoktavyaḥ) - should be enjoyed; इतरः (itaraḥ) - the other; जनः (janaḥ) - people;]
(Therefore, all undertakings, the group of men is difficult to obtain; as, having conciliated the chiefs, the other people should be enjoyed.)
Therefore, it is difficult to gather a group of men for any undertaking; after conciliating the chiefs, the rest of the people should be won over.
ततस्तान्भेदयित्वाथ परस्परविवक्षितान्। भुञ्जीत सान्त्वयित्वैव यथासुखमयत्नतः ॥१२-८९-१०॥
tatastānbhedayitvātha parasparavivakṣitān। bhuñjīta sāntvayitvaiva yathāsukhamayatnataḥ ॥12-89-10॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; तान् (tān) - them; भेदयित्वा (bhedayitvā) - having divided; अथ (atha) - then; परस्पर (paraspara) - mutually; विवक्षितान् (vivakṣitān) - those intended (to be spoken to); भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should enjoy; सान्त्वयित्वा (sāntvayitvā) - having conciliated; एव (eva) - indeed; यथा (yathā) - as; सुखम् (sukham) - comfort; अयत्नतः (ayatnataḥ) - without effort;]
(Then, having divided them, then (those) mutually intended (to be spoken to), one should enjoy, having conciliated indeed, as (is) comfortable, without effort.)
Then, after dividing them—those who are mutually intended—one should enjoy (the results), having conciliated them, as comfortably and effortlessly as possible.
न चास्थाने न चाकाले करानेभ्योऽनुपातयेत्। आनुपूर्व्येण सान्त्वेन यथाकालं यथाविधि ॥१२-८९-११॥
na cāsthāne na cākāle karāṇebhyo'nupātayet। ānupūrvyeṇa sāntvena yathākālaṃ yathāvidhi ॥12-89-11॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अस्थाने (asthāne) - in improper place; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अकाले (akāle) - at improper time; करानेभ्यः (karāṇebhyaḥ) - to the doers (servants); अनुपातयेत् (anupātayet) - should not punish; आनुपूर्व्येण (ānupūrvyeṇa) - in due order; सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - with conciliation; यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - at proper time; यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule;]
(And he should not punish the doers (servants) in an improper place or at an improper time; with conciliation, in due order, at the proper time, and according to rule.)
He should not punish servants in an improper place or at an improper time; rather, he should proceed in due order, with conciliation, at the proper time, and according to the prescribed rules.
उपायान्प्रब्रवीम्येतान्न मे माया विवक्षिता। अनुपायेन दमयन्प्रकोपयति वाजिनः ॥१२-८९-१२॥
upāyān prabravīmy etān na me māyā vivakṣitā। anupāyena damayan prakopayati vājinaḥ ॥12-89-12॥
[उपायान् (upāyān) - means; प्रब्रवीमि (prabravīmi) - I declare; एतान् (etān) - these; न (na) - not; मे (me) - my; माया (māyā) - deceit; विवक्षिता (vivakṣitā) - intended; अनुपायेन (anupāyena) - by improper means; दमयन् (damayan) - subduing; प्रकोपयति (prakopayati) - provokes; वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses;]
(I declare these means; deceit is not intended by me. Subduing by improper means provokes the horses.)
I am stating these means; I do not intend any deceit. If one subdues by improper means, it provokes the horses.
पानागाराणि वेशाश्च वेशप्रापणिकास्तथा। कुशीलवाः सकितवा ये चान्ये केचिदीदृशाः ॥१२-८९-१३॥
pānāgārāṇi veśāś ca veśaprāpaṇikās tathā। kuśīlavāḥ sakitavā ye ca anye kecid īdṛśāḥ ॥12-89-13॥
[पानागाराणि (pānāgārāṇi) - drinking-houses; वेशाः (veśāḥ) - brothels; च (ca) - and; वेशप्रापणिकाः (veśaprāpaṇikāḥ) - brothel-keepers; तथा (tathā) - also; कुशीलवाः (kuśīlavāḥ) - actors; सकितवाः (sakitavāḥ) - with gamblers; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; अन्ये (anye) - others; केचित् (kecit) - some; ईदृशाः (īdṛśāḥ) - such;]
(Drinking-houses, brothels, and also brothel-keepers; actors, with gamblers, who and others, some such.)
Drinking-houses, brothels, brothel-keepers, actors, gamblers, and others of such kind.
नियम्याः सर्व एवैते ये राष्ट्रस्योपघातकाः। एते राष्ट्रे हि तिष्ठन्तो बाधन्ते भद्रिकाः प्रजाः ॥१२-८९-१४॥
niyamyāḥ sarva evaite ye rāṣṭrasyopaghātakāḥ। ete rāṣṭre hi tiṣṭhanto bādhante bhadrikāḥ prajāḥ ॥12-89-14॥
[नियम्याः (niyamyāḥ) - to be restrained; सर्व (sarva) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; एते (ete) - these; ये (ye) - who; राष्ट्रस्य (rāṣṭrasya) - of the nation; उपघातकाः (upaghātakāḥ) - destroyers; एते (ete) - these; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the nation; हि (hi) - indeed; तिष्ठन्तः (tiṣṭhantaḥ) - dwelling; बाधन्ते (bādhante) - afflict; भद्रिकाः (bhadrikāḥ) - the virtuous; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people;]
(All these, who are destroyers of the nation, are to be restrained; these, indeed, dwelling in the nation, afflict the virtuous people.)
All those who are destroyers of the nation must be restrained; for, dwelling in the nation, they trouble the virtuous citizens.
न केनचिद्याचितव्यः कश्चित्किञ्चिदनापदि। इति व्यवस्था भूतानां पुरस्तान्मनुना कृता ॥१२-८९-१५॥
na kenacid yācitavyaḥ kaścit kiñcid anāpadi। iti vyavasthā bhūtānāṃ purastān manunā kṛtā ॥12-89-15॥
[न (na) - not; केनचित् (kenacit) - by anyone; याचितव्यः (yācitavyaḥ) - should be begged; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; अनापदि (anāpadi) - in absence of calamity; इति (iti) - thus; व्यवस्था (vyavasthā) - arrangement; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly; मनुना (manunā) - by Manu; कृता (kṛtā) - was made;]
(Not by anyone should be begged, anyone anything in absence of calamity; thus arrangement of beings formerly by Manu was made.)
Manu formerly established this rule for all beings: 'No one should beg anything from anyone except in times of calamity.'
सर्वे तथा न जीवेयुर्न कुर्युः कर्म चेदिह। सर्व एव त्रयो लोका न भवेयुरसंशयम् ॥१२-८९-१६॥
sarve tathā na jīveyur na kuryuḥ karma ced iha। sarva eva trayo lokā na bhaveyur asaṁśayam ॥12-89-16॥
[सर्वे (sarve) - all; तथा (tathā) - thus; न (na) - not; जीवेयुः (jīveyuḥ) - would live; न (na) - not; कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - would do; कर्म (karma) - action; चेत् (cet) - if; इह (iha) - here; सर्व (sarva) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds; न (na) - not; भवेयुः (bhaveyuḥ) - would exist; असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt;]
(All thus not would live, not would do action if here; all indeed three worlds not would exist, without doubt.)
If all thus did not live and did not perform action here, then indeed all the three worlds would not exist, without doubt.
प्रभुर्नियमने राजा य एतान्न नियच्छति। भुङ्क्ते स तस्य पापस्य चतुर्भागमिति श्रुतिः ॥ तथा कृतस्य धर्मस्य चतुर्भागमुपाश्नुते ॥१२-८९-१७॥
prabhurniyamane rājā ya etānna niyacchati। bhuṅkte sa tasya pāpasya caturbhāgamiti śrutiḥ ॥ tathā kṛtasya dharmasya caturbhāgamupāśnute ॥12-89-17॥
[प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord; नियमने (niyamane) - in regulation; राजा (rājā) - king; यः (yaḥ) - who; एतान् (etān) - these; न (na) - not; नियच्छति (niyacchati) - restrains; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; सः (saḥ) - he; तस्य (tasya) - of his; पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin; चतुर्भागम् (caturbhāgam) - one-fourth part; इति (iti) - thus; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - scripture; तथा (tathā) - likewise; कृतस्य (kṛtasya) - of what is done; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness; चतुर्भागम् (caturbhāgam) - one-fourth part; उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - enjoys;]
(The lord, the king, who does not restrain these in regulation, he enjoys one-fourth part of his sin, thus (says) scripture. Likewise, of what is done in righteousness, he enjoys one-fourth part.)
The king, as the lord, who does not regulate these, partakes in one-fourth of their sin, as stated in the scripture. Likewise, he partakes in one-fourth of the merit of what is done in righteousness.
स्थानान्येतानि सङ्गम्य प्रसङ्गे भूतिनाशनः। कामप्रसक्तः पुरुषः किमकार्यं विवर्जयेत् ॥१२-८९-१८॥
sthānāny etāni saṅgamya prasaṅge bhūtināśanaḥ। kāmaprasaktaḥ puruṣaḥ kimakāryaṃ vivarjayet ॥12-89-18॥
[स्थानानि (sthānāni) - places; एतानि (etāni) - these; सङ्गम्य (saṅgamya) - having come together; प्रसङ्गे (prasaṅge) - in association; भूतिनाशनः (bhūtināśanaḥ) - destroyer of prosperity; कामप्रसक्तः (kāmaprasaktaḥ) - attached to desire; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person; किमकार्यं (kimakāryaṃ) - what is improper; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid;]
(These places, having come together in association, are destroyers of prosperity. A person attached to desire should avoid what is improper.)
When these places come together in association, they destroy prosperity. Therefore, a person attached to desire should avoid improper actions.
आपद्येव तु याचेरन्येषां नास्ति परिग्रहः। दातव्यं धर्मतस्तेभ्यस्त्वनुक्रोशाद्दयार्थिना ॥१२-८९-१९॥
āpady eva tu yācer anyeṣāṃ nāsti parigrahaḥ। dātavyaṃ dharmatās tebhyaś cānukrośād dayārthinā ॥12-89-19॥
[आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity; एव (eva) - only; तु (tu) - but; याचेत् (yācet) - should ask; अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - there is; परिग्रहः (parigrahaḥ) - acceptance; दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given; धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to dharma; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them; तु (tu) - but; अनुक्रोशात् (anukrośāt) - out of compassion; दयार्थिना (dayārthinā) - by one seeking mercy;]
(But one should ask of others only in calamity; there is no acceptance otherwise. It should be given to them according to dharma, but out of compassion by one seeking mercy.)
One should ask for help from others only in times of calamity; otherwise, acceptance is not permitted. What is given should be according to dharma, and should be given to them out of compassion by one who seeks to show mercy.
मा ते राष्ट्रे याचनका मा ते भूयुश्च दस्यवः। इष्टादातार एवैते नैते भूतस्य भावकाः ॥१२-८९-२०॥
mā te rāṣṭre yācanakā mā te bhūyuśca dasyavaḥ। iṣṭādātāra evaite naite bhūtasya bhāvakāḥ॥12-89-20॥
[मा (mā) - do not; ते (te) - your; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom; याचनकाः (yācanakāḥ) - beggars; मा (mā) - do not; ते (te) - your; भूयुः (bhūyuḥ) - may be; च (ca) - and; दस्यवः (dasyavaḥ) - thieves; इष्टादातारः (iṣṭādātāraḥ) - givers of desired things; एव (eva) - indeed; एते (ete) - these; न (na) - not; एते (ete) - these; भूतस्य (bhūtasya) - of beings; भावकाः (bhāvakāḥ) - creators;]
(Do not (let there be) beggars in your kingdom, do not (let there be) thieves in your (kingdom) either. Only those who give desired things are indeed these (good people); these are not the creators of beings.)
Let there not be beggars or thieves in your kingdom. Only those who give what is desired are truly worthy; these are not the creators of beings. (Mahābhārata 12-89-20)
ये भूतान्यनुगृह्णन्ति वर्धयन्ति च ये प्रजाः। ते ते राष्ट्रे प्रवर्तन्तां मा भूतानामभावकाः ॥१२-८९-२१॥
ye bhūtāny anugṛhṇanti vardhayanti ca ye prajāḥ। te te rāṣṭre pravartantāṃ mā bhūtānām abhāvakāḥ ॥12-89-21॥
[ये (ye) - who; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; अनुगृह्णन्ति (anugṛhṇanti) - favor; वर्धयन्ति (vardhayanti) - cause to grow; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; ते (te) - they; ते (te) - they; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom; प्रवर्तन्तां (pravartantāṃ) - may act; मा (mā) - not; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अभावकाः (abhāvakāḥ) - destroyers;]
(Who favor beings, cause them to grow, and who are subjects—may they act in the kingdom; let them not be destroyers of beings.)
Let those subjects who favor and nurture living beings act in the kingdom; let them not be destroyers of beings.
दण्ड्यास्ते च महाराज धनादानप्रयोजनाः। प्रयोगं कारयेयुस्तान्यथा बलिकरांस्तथा ॥१२-८९-२२॥
daṇḍyās te ca mahārāja dhanadānaprayojanāḥ। prayogaṃ kārayeyus tān yathā balikarāṃs tathā ॥12-89-22॥
[दण्ड्याः (daṇḍyāḥ) - liable to punishment; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; धनदानप्रयोजनाः (dhanadānaprayojanāḥ) - having the purpose of giving wealth; प्रयोगं (prayogam) - employment; कारयेयुः (kārayeyuḥ) - should cause to be done; तान् (tān) - them; यथा (yathā) - as; बलिकरान् (balikarān) - tax-payers; तथा (tathā) - so; ॥१२-८९-२२॥ (॥12-89-22॥) - ॥12-89-22॥;]
(Those liable to punishment, O great king, who have the purpose of giving wealth, should be employed by them just as tax-payers are so employed.)
O great king, those who are liable to punishment and whose purpose is to give wealth should be employed by them in the same way as tax-payers are employed.
कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं यच्चान्यत्किञ्चिदीदृशम्। पुरुषैः कारयेत्कर्म बहुभिः सह कर्मिभिः ॥१२-८९-२३॥
kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyaṃ yaccānyatkiñcidīdṛśam। puruṣaiḥ kārayetkarma bahubhiḥ saha karmibhiḥ ॥12-89-23॥
[कृषि (kṛṣi) - agriculture; गोरक्ष्य (gorakṣya) - cow protection; वाणिज्यं (vāṇijyam) - trade; यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - of this kind; पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men; कारयेत् (kārayet) - should cause to be done; कर्म (karma) - work; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many; सह (saha) - together with; कर्मिभिः (karmibhiḥ) - with workers;]
(Agriculture, cow protection, trade, and whatever other such activities—one should cause the work to be done by men, together with many workers.)
Agriculture, cow protection, trade, and similar activities should be carried out by men, employing many workers together.
नरश्चेत्कृषिगोरक्ष्यं वाणिज्यं चाप्यनुष्ठितः। संशयं लभते किञ्चित्तेन राजा विगर्ह्यते ॥१२-८९-२४॥
naraś cet kṛṣi-gorakṣyaṃ vāṇijyaṃ ca api anuṣṭhitaḥ | saṃśayaṃ labhate kiñcit tena rājā vigarhyate ॥12-89-24॥
[नरः (naraḥ) - man; चेत् (cet) - if; कृषि (kṛṣi) - agriculture; गोरक्ष्यं (gorakṣyam) - cow-protection; वाणिज्यं (vāṇijyam) - trade; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - performed; संशयं (saṃśayam) - doubt; लभते (labhate) - obtains; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - some; तेन (tena) - by that; राजा (rājā) - king; विगर्ह्यते (vigarhyate) - is censured;]
(If a man, having performed agriculture, cow-protection, and trade, also obtains some doubt by that, the king is censured.)
If a man, even after performing agriculture, cow-protection, and trade, incurs some suspicion because of it, then the king is blamed.
धनिनः पूजयेन्नित्यं यानाच्छादनभोजनैः। वक्तव्याश्चानुगृह्णीध्वं पूजाः सह मयेति ह ॥१२-८९-२५॥
dhaninaḥ pūjayennityaṃ yānācchādanabhojanaiḥ। vaktavyāścānugṛhṇīdhvaṃ pūjāḥ saha mayeti ha ॥12-89-25॥
[धनिनः (dhaninaḥ) - of the wealthy; पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - should honor; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; यान (yāna) - with vehicles; आच्छादन (ācchādana) - with coverings; भोजनैः (bhojanaiḥ) - with foods; वक्तव्याः (vaktavyāḥ) - should be addressed; च (ca) - and; अनुगृह्णीध्वं (anugṛhṇīdhvam) - you all should favor; पूजाः (pūjāḥ) - honors; सह (saha) - with; मया (mayā) - by me; इति (iti) - thus; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(Of the wealthy, one should always honor with vehicles, coverings, and foods. And you all should address and favor the honors along with me, thus indeed.)
The wealthy should always be honored with vehicles, coverings, and food. You should also address and favor the honors together with me, thus indeed.
अङ्गमेतन्महद्राज्ञां धनिनो नाम भारत। ककुदं सर्वभूतानां धनस्थो नात्र संशयः ॥१२-८९-२६॥
aṅgam etan mahad rājñāṃ dhanino nāma bhārata। kakudaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ dhanastho nātra saṃśayaḥ ॥12-89-26॥
[अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - limb; part; एतत् (etat) - this; महत् (mahat) - great; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; धनिनः (dhaninaḥ) - of the wealthy; नाम (nāma) - called; by name; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; ककुदम् (kakudam) - summit; chief; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; धनस्थः (dhanasthaḥ) - one who possesses wealth; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(This is a limb, a great one, of kings, of the wealthy, called, O Bhārata. The summit of all beings is the possessor of wealth; here, there is no doubt.)
O Bhārata, this is indeed a great part of kings and the wealthy, called so. The possessor of wealth is the chief among all beings; there is no doubt about this.
प्राज्ञः शूरो धनस्थश्च स्वामी धार्मिक एव च। तपस्वी सत्यवादी च बुद्धिमांश्चाभिरक्षति ॥१२-८९-२७॥
prājñaḥ śūro dhanasthaśca svāmī dhārmika eva ca। tapasvī satyavādī ca buddhimāṃścābhirakṣati ॥12-89-27॥
[प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise; शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave; धनस्थः (dhanasthaḥ) - wealthy; च (ca) - and; स्वामी (svāmī) - master; धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic; सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truthful; च (ca) - and; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent; च (ca) - and; अभिरक्षति (abhirakṣati) - protects;]
(The wise, brave, wealthy, master, righteous indeed and ascetic, truthful and intelligent protects.)
The wise, brave, wealthy, master, righteous, ascetic, truthful, and intelligent person protects.
तस्मादेतेषु सर्वेषु प्रीतिमान्भव पार्थिव। सत्यमार्जवमक्रोधमानृशंस्यं च पालय ॥१२-८९-२८॥
tasmād eteṣu sarveṣu prītimān bhava pārthiva। satyam ārjavam akrodham ānṛśaṁsyaṁ ca pālaya ॥12-89-28॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - all; प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - affectionate; भव (bhava) - be; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king; सत्य (satya) - truth; आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness; अक्रोधम् (akrodham) - absence of anger; अनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty; च (ca) - and; पालय (pālaya) - protect;]
(Therefore, in all these, be affectionate, O king. Truth, straightforwardness, absence of anger, non-cruelty and protect (these).)
Therefore, O king, be affectionate in all these matters. Uphold truth, straightforwardness, absence of anger, and non-cruelty.
एवं दण्डं च कोशं च मित्रं भूमिं च लप्स्यसे। सत्यार्जवपरो राजन्मित्रकोशसमन्वितः ॥१२-८९-२९॥
evaṃ daṇḍaṃ ca kośaṃ ca mitraṃ bhūmiṃ ca lapsyase। satyārjavaparo rājanmitrakośasamanvitaḥ ॥12-89-29॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; दण्डं (daṇḍam) - punishment; च (ca) - and; कोशं (kośam) - treasury; च (ca) - and; मित्रं (mitram) - friend; भूमिं (bhūmim) - land; च (ca) - and; लप्स्यसे (lapsyase) - you will obtain; सत्यार्जवपरो (satyārjavaparaḥ) - devoted to truth and straightforwardness; राजन् (rājan) - O king; मित्रकोशसमन्वितः (mitrakośasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with friends and treasury;]
(Thus, punishment and treasury and friend and land and you will obtain. Devoted to truth and straightforwardness, O king, endowed with friends and treasury.)
Thus, O king, being devoted to truth and straightforwardness, you will obtain punishment, treasury, friends, and land, being endowed with friends and treasury.
