12.227
व्यास उवाच॥
vyāsa uvāca॥
[व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyāsa; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Vyāsa said;)
Vyāsa said.
त्रयीविद्यामवेक्षेत वेदेषूक्तामथाङ्गतः। ऋक्सामवर्णाक्षरतो यजुषोऽथर्वणस्तथा ॥१२-२२७-१॥
trayī-vidyām avekṣeta vedeṣu uktām atha aṅgataḥ | ṛk-sāma-varṇa-akṣarataḥ yajuṣaḥ atharvaṇaḥ tathā ॥12-227-1॥
[त्रयी (trayī) - threefold (Vedic) knowledge; विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge; अवेक्षेत (avekṣeta) - should observe; वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas; उक्ताम् (uktām) - spoken; अथ (atha) - then; अङ्गतः (aṅgataḥ) - from the limbs (ancillaries); ऋक् (ṛk) - Ṛg (Veda); साम (sāma) - Sāma (Veda); वर्ण (varṇa) - syllable; अक्षरतः (akṣarataḥ) - by the letters; यजुषः (yajuṣaḥ) - of the Yajur (Veda); अथर्वणः (atharvaṇaḥ) - of the Atharva (Veda); तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(One should observe the threefold knowledge as spoken in the Vedas, then from the limbs; from the Ṛg, Sāma, by the syllables, of the Yajur, of the Atharva likewise.)
One should study the threefold Vedic knowledge as declared in the Vedas, along with its ancillaries; and likewise, the Ṛg, Sāma, Yajur, and Atharva Vedas, each according to their syllables.
वेदवादेषु कुशला ह्यध्यात्मकुशलाश्च ये। सत्त्ववन्तो महाभागाः पश्यन्ति प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥१२-२२७-२॥
vedavādeṣu kuśalā hy adhyātmakuśalāś ca ye। sattvavanto mahābhāgāḥ paśyanti prabhavāpyayau ॥12-227-2॥
[वेदवादेषु (vedavādeṣu) - in Vedic doctrines; कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled; हि (hi) - indeed; अध्यात्मकुशलाः (adhyātmakuśalāḥ) - skilled in spiritual knowledge; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - those who; सत्त्ववन्तः (sattvavantaḥ) - possessed of strength; महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - greatly fortunate; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - see; प्रभवाप्ययौ (prabhavāpyayau) - origin and dissolution;]
(Those who are skilled in Vedic doctrines, indeed skilled in spiritual knowledge, and who are possessed of strength and greatly fortunate, see the origin and dissolution.)
Those who are skilled in Vedic doctrines, as well as in spiritual knowledge, endowed with strength and great fortune, perceive the origin and dissolution (of things).
एवं धर्मेण वर्तेत क्रियाः शिष्टवदाचरेत्। असंरोधेन भूतानां वृत्तिं लिप्सेत वै द्विजः ॥१२-२२७-३॥
evaṃ dharmeṇa varteta kriyāḥ śiṣṭavad ācaret। asaṃrodhena bhūtānāṃ vṛttiṃ lipset vai dvijaḥ॥12-227-3॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by dharma; वर्तेत (varteta) - should act; क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - actions; शिष्टवत् (śiṣṭavat) - like the learned; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should practice; असंरोधेन (asaṃrodhena) - without obstruction; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - livelihood; लिप्सेत् (lipset) - should seek; वै (vai) - indeed; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born;]
(Thus, by dharma, one should act; actions should be practiced like the learned. Without obstruction of beings, the twice-born indeed should seek livelihood.)
Thus, one should act according to dharma and perform actions as the learned do. The twice-born should seek their livelihood without obstructing other beings.
सद्भ्य आगतविज्ञानः शिष्टः शास्त्रविचक्षणः। स्वधर्मेण क्रिया लोके कुर्वाणः सत्यसङ्गरः ॥१२-२२७-४॥
sadbhya āgatavijñānaḥ śiṣṭaḥ śāstravicakṣaṇaḥ। svadharmeṇa kriyā loke kurvāṇaḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ ॥12-227-4॥
[सद्भ्य (sadbhya) - to the good; आगतविज्ञानः (āgatavijñānaḥ) - one who has acquired knowledge; शिष्टः (śiṣṭaḥ) - well-behaved; शास्त्रविचक्षणः (śāstravicakṣaṇaḥ) - expert in the scriptures; स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own duty; क्रिया (kriyā) - action; लोके (loke) - in the world; कुर्वाणः (kurvāṇaḥ) - performing; सत्यसङ्गरः (satyasaṅgaraḥ) - steadfast in truth;]
(To the good, one who has acquired knowledge, well-behaved, expert in the scriptures, by one's own duty, action, in the world, performing, steadfast in truth.)
He who, being among the good, has acquired knowledge, is well-behaved, expert in the scriptures, performs actions in the world according to his own duty, and is steadfast in truth.
तिष्ठत्येतेषु गृहवान्षट्सु कर्मसु स द्विजः। पञ्चभिः सततं यज्ञैः श्रद्दधानो यजेत च ॥१२-२२७-५॥
tiṣṭhaty eteṣu gṛhavān ṣaṭsu karmasu sa dvijaḥ। pañcabhiḥ satataṃ yajñaiḥ śraddadhāno yajeta ca॥12-227-5॥
[तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains; एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these; गृहवान् (gṛhavān) - householder; षट्सु (ṣaṭsu) - in six; कर्मसु (karmasu) - acts; सः (saḥ) - he; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born; पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five; सततम् (satatam) - always; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - sacrifices; श्रद्दधानः (śraddadhānaḥ) - with faith; यजेत (yajeta) - should perform; च (ca) - and;]
(He, the twice-born householder, remains in these six acts; with five sacrifices, always with faith, he should perform and (them).)
The twice-born householder should remain engaged in these six acts; he should always perform the five sacrifices with faith.
धृतिमानप्रमत्तश्च दान्तो धर्मविदात्मवान्। वीतहर्षभयक्रोधो ब्राह्मणो नावसीदति ॥१२-२२७-६॥
dhṛtimānapramattaś ca dānto dharmavid ātmavān। vītaharṣabhayakrodho brāhmaṇo nāvasīdati ॥12-227-6॥
[धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - possessing fortitude; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not negligent; च (ca) - and; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; धर्मविद् (dharmavid) - knower of dharma; आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed; वीत (vīta) - devoid of; हर्ष (harṣa) - delight; भय (bhaya) - fear; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; न (na) - not; अवसीदति (avasīdati) - sinks (into despair);]
(Possessing fortitude, not negligent, and self-restrained, a knower of dharma, self-possessed, devoid of delight, fear, and anger, the brāhmaṇa does not sink (into despair).)
A brāhmaṇa who is steadfast, vigilant, self-controlled, versed in dharma, self-possessed, and free from delight, fear, and anger, never falls into despair.
दानमध्ययनं यज्ञस्तपो ह्रीरार्जवं दमः। एतैर्वर्धयते तेजः पाप्मानं चापकर्षति ॥१२-२२७-७॥
dānam adhyayanaṃ yajñas tapo hrīr ārjavaṃ damaḥ। etair vardhayate tejaḥ pāpmānaṃ ca apakarṣati ॥12-227-7॥
[दानम् (dānam) - gift; offering; अध्ययनम् (adhyayanam) - study; recitation; यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice; ritual; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; penance; ह्रीः (hrīḥ) - modesty; shame; आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness; honesty; दमः (damaḥ) - self-restraint; control; एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these; वर्धयते (vardhayate) - increases; augments; तेजः (tejaḥ) - splendor; brilliance; पाप्मानम् (pāpmānam) - sin; evil; च (ca) - and; अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - removes; takes away;]
(Gift, study, sacrifice, austerity, modesty, straightforwardness, and self-restraint—by these, brilliance increases and sin is removed.)
Gift, study, sacrifice, austerity, modesty, honesty, and self-restraint—these increase one's brilliance and remove sin.
धूतपाप्मा तु मेधावी लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः। कामक्रोधौ वशे कृत्वा निनीषेद्ब्रह्मणः पदम् ॥१२-२२७-८॥
dhūtapāpmā tu medhāvī laghvāhāro jitendriyaḥ। kāmakrodhau vaśe kṛtvā ninīṣed brahmaṇaḥ padam ॥12-227-8॥
[धूतपाप्मा (dhūtapāpmā) - one whose sins are cleansed; तु (tu) - but; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise; लघ्वाहारः (laghvāhāraḥ) - one who eats lightly; जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses; कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger; वशे (vaśe) - under control; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; निनीषेत् (ninīṣet) - should seek; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahman; पदम् (padam) - state;]
(One whose sins are cleansed, but wise, eating lightly, having conquered the senses, having brought desire and anger under control, should seek the state of Brahman.)
But the wise person whose sins are cleansed, who eats lightly, has conquered the senses, and has brought desire and anger under control, should seek the state of Brahman.
अग्नींश्च ब्राह्मणांश्चार्चेद्देवताः प्रणमेत च। वर्जयेद्रुषतीं वाचं हिंसां चाधर्मसंहिताम् ॥१२-२२७-९॥
agnīṁś ca brāhmaṇāṁś cārced devatāḥ praṇameta ca। varjayed ruṣatīṁ vācaṁ hiṁsāṁ cādharmasaṁhitām ॥12-227-9॥
[अग्नीन् (agnīn) - fires; (sacrificial) च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; अर्चेत् (arcet) - should worship; देवताः (devatāḥ) - the gods; प्रणमेत (praṇameta) - should bow; च (ca) - and; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; रुषतीम् (ruṣatīm) - angry; वाचम् (vācam) - speech; हिंसाम् (hiṁsām) - violence; च (ca) - and; अधर्मसंहिताम् (adharmasaṁhitām) - connected with unrighteousness;]
(One should worship the fires and Brāhmaṇas, and the gods should be bowed to; one should avoid angry speech, violence, and that which is connected with unrighteousness.)
One should honor the sacred fires and Brāhmaṇas, bow to the gods, and avoid angry words, violence, and anything associated with unrighteousness.
एषा पूर्वतरा वृत्तिर्ब्राह्मणस्य विधीयते। ज्ञानागमेन कर्माणि कुर्वन्कर्मसु सिध्यति ॥१२-२२७-१०॥
eṣā pūrvatarā vṛttir brāhmaṇasya vidhīyate। jñānāgamena karmāṇi kurvan karmasu sidhyati ॥12-227-10॥
[एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine); पूर्वतरा (pūrvatarā) - more ancient; वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - conduct; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed; ज्ञानागमेन (jñānāgamena) - by the acquisition of knowledge; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - performing; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - attains success;]
(This more ancient conduct of the Brāhmaṇa is prescribed. By the acquisition of knowledge, performing actions, he attains success in actions.)
This is the more ancient conduct prescribed for a Brāhmaṇa: by acquiring knowledge and performing actions, he attains success in his actions.
पञ्चेन्द्रियजलां घोरां लोभकूलां सुदुस्तराम्। मन्युपङ्कामनाधृष्यां नदीं तरति बुद्धिमान् ॥१२-२२७-११॥
pañcendriyajalāṃ ghorāṃ lobhakūlāṃ sudustarām। manyupaṅkāmanādhṛṣyāṃ nadīṃ tarati buddhimān ॥12-227-11॥
[पञ्चेन्द्रिय (pañcendriya) - five senses; जलां (jalām) - having water; घोरां (ghorām) - terrible; लोभ (lobha) - greed; कूलां (kūlāṃ) - having banks; सुदुस्तराम् (sudustarām) - very difficult to cross; मन्यु (manyu) - anger; पङ्क (paṅka) - mud; अमनाधृष्यां (amanādhṛṣyām) - not to be overcome by the weak-minded; नदीं (nadīm) - river; तरति (tarati) - crosses; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - the wise one;]
(The wise one crosses the river whose water is the five senses, whose banks are greed, which is terrible, very difficult to cross, whose mud is anger, and which cannot be overcome by the weak-minded.)
The wise person crosses the dreadful river, whose waters are the five senses, whose banks are greed, whose mud is anger, which is very hard to cross and cannot be overcome by the weak-minded.
काममन्यूद्धतं यत्स्यान्नित्यमत्यन्तमोहितम्। महता विधिदृष्टेन बलेनाप्रतिघातिना ॥ स्वभावस्रोतसा वृत्तमुह्यते सततं जगत् ॥१२-२२७-१२॥
kāmam anyūddhataṃ yat syān nityam atyanta-mohitam। mahatā vidhidṛṣṭena balena apratighātinā ॥ svabhāva-srotasā vṛttam uhyate satataṃ jagat ॥12-227-12॥
[काम (kāma) - desire; मन्यु (manyu) - anger; उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - arisen; यत् (yat) - which; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अत्यन्त (atyanta) - utterly; मोहितम् (mohitam) - deluded; महत् (mahat) - great; विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - ordained by fate; बलेन (balena) - by force; अप्रतिघातिना (apratighātinā) - irresistible; स्वभाव (svabhāva) - by nature; स्रोतसा (srotasā) - by the current; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conducted; मुह्यते (muhyate) - is deluded; सततम् (satatam) - always; जगत् (jagat) - the world;]
(Desire and anger, when arisen, which may always be utterly deluded, by the great irresistible force ordained by fate, by the current of nature, the world is always conducted and deluded.)
Whenever desire and anger arise, always utterly deluded, by the great irresistible force ordained by fate, the world is constantly carried away and deluded by the current of its own nature.
कालोदकेन महता वर्षावर्तेन सन्ततम्। मासोर्मिणर्तुवेगेन पक्षोलपतृणेन च ॥१२-२२७-१३॥
kālōdakēna mahatā varṣāvartēna santatam। māsōrmiṇartuvēgēna pakṣōlapatṛṇēna ca ॥12-227-13॥
[काल (kāla) - time; उदकेन (udakena) - by water; महतā (mahatā) - by the great; वर्ष (varṣa) - rain; आवर्तेन (āvartena) - by whirl; सन्ततम् (santatam) - constantly; मास (māsa) - month; ऊर्मिणा (ūrmiṇā) - by wave; ऋतु (ṛtu) - season; वेगेन (vēgēna) - by force; पक्ष (pakṣa) - fortnight; उलपतृणेन (ulapatṛṇēna) - by grass of Ulapa; च (ca) - and;]
(By the water of time, by the great rain-whirl constantly, by the force of the wave of months and seasons, and by the Ulapa grass of the fortnight.)
Constantly, by the water of time, the great whirl of rain, the force of the waves of months and seasons, and the Ulapa grass of the fortnight.
निमेषोन्मेषफेनेन अहोरात्रजवेन च। कामग्राहेण घोरेण वेदयज्ञप्लवेन च ॥१२-२२७-१४॥
nimeṣonmeṣaphenena ahorātrajavena ca। kāmagrāheṇa ghoreṇa vedayajñaplavena ca ॥12-227-14॥
[निमेष (nimeṣa) - blink; उन्मेष (unmeṣa) - opening (of the eyes); फेनेन (phenena) - by the foam; अहोरात्र (ahorātra) - day and night; जवेन (javena) - by the speed; च (ca) - and; काम (kāma) - desire; ग्राहेण (grāheṇa) - by the crocodile; घोरेण (ghoreṇa) - by the terrible; वेद (veda) - Veda; यज्ञ (yajña) - sacrifice; प्लवेन (plavena) - by the raft; च (ca) - and;]
(By the foam of blink and opening (of the eyes), by the speed of day and night, and by the crocodile of desire, by the terrible, and by the raft of Veda and sacrifice.)
By the foam of blinking and opening the eyes, by the swift passage of day and night, and by the dreadful crocodile of desire, and by the raft of Veda and sacrifice.
धर्मद्वीपेन भूतानां चार्थकामरवेण च। ऋतसोपानतीरेण विहिंसातरुवाहिना ॥१२-२२७-१५॥
dharmadvīpena bhūtānāṃ cārthakāmaraveṇa ca। ṛtasopānatīreṇa vihiṃsātaruvāhinā ॥12-227-15॥
[धर्मद्वीपेन (dharmadvīpena) - by the island of dharma; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; च (ca) - and; अर्थकामरवेण (arthakāmaraveṇa) - by the stream of desire and wealth; च (ca) - and; ऋतसोपानतीरेण (ṛtasopānatīreṇa) - by the bank of the stairway of truth; विहिंसातरुवाहिना (vihiṃsātaruvāhinā) - by the current of the tree of violence;]
(By the island of dharma, of beings, and by the stream of desire and wealth, and by the bank of the stairway of truth, by the current of the tree of violence.)
By the island of dharma, and the stream of desire and wealth, and the bank of the stairway of truth, beings are carried away by the current of the tree of violence.
युगह्रदौघमध्येन ब्रह्मप्रायभवेन च। धात्रा सृष्टानि भूतानि कृष्यन्ते यमसादनम् ॥१२-२२७-१६॥
yugahradaughamadhyena brahmaprāyabhavena ca। dhātrā sṛṣṭāni bhūtāni kṛṣyante yamasādanam ॥12-227-16॥
[युग (yuga) - age; ह्रद (hrada) - lake; ओघ (ogha) - flood; मध्येन (madhyena) - by the midst; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; प्राय (prāya) - mostly; भवेन (bhavena) - by existence; च (ca) - and; धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator; सृष्टानि (sṛṣṭāni) - created; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; कृष्यन्ते (kṛṣyante) - are drawn; यम (yama) - Yama; सादनम् (sādanam) - abode;]
(By the midst of the flood of the lake of ages, and by the existence mostly of Brahman, the beings created by the Creator are drawn to the abode of Yama.)
All beings created by the Creator are inevitably drawn, through the stream of ages and the predominance of Brahman, to the abode of Yama (death).
एतत्प्रज्ञामयैर्धीरा निस्तरन्ति मनीषिणः। प्लवैरप्लववन्तो हि किं करिष्यन्त्यचेतसः ॥१२-२२७-१७॥
etat-prajñā-mayaiḥ dhīrā nistaranti manīṣiṇaḥ। plavaiḥ aplava-vantaḥ hi kiṃ kariṣyanti acetasaḥ ॥12-227-17॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; प्रज्ञामयैः (prajñā-mayaiḥ) - by those composed of wisdom; धीरा (dhīrāḥ) - the steadfast; निस्तरन्ति (nistaranti) - cross over; मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise; प्लवैः (plavaiḥ) - by rafts; अप्लववन्तः (aplava-vantaḥ) - without rafts; हि (hi) - indeed; किं (kiṃ) - what; करिष्यन्ति (kariṣyanti) - will do; अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - the unwise;]
(This, by those composed of wisdom, the steadfast, cross over, the wise. By rafts, without rafts, indeed, what will do, the unwise?)
The steadfast wise cross over this (ocean of life) by means of wisdom. What will the unwise, who are without such a raft, do even with rafts?
उपपन्नं हि यत्प्राज्ञो निस्तरेन्नेतरो जनः। दूरतो गुणदोषौ हि प्राज्ञः सर्वत्र पश्यति ॥१२-२२७-१८॥
upapannaṃ hi yat prājño nistaren netaro janaḥ। dūrato guṇadoṣau hi prājñaḥ sarvatra paśyati ॥12-227-18॥
[उपपन्नम् (upapannam) - arisen; established; हि (hi) - indeed; यत् (yat) - which; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise person; निस्तरेत् (nistaret) - would cross over; न (na) - not; इतरो (itaro) - other; जनः (janaḥ) - person; दूरतः (dūrataḥ) - from a distance; गुणदोषौ (guṇadoṣau) - virtue and fault; हि (hi) - indeed; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise person; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees;]
(Indeed, that which is established, the wise person would cross over, not the other person. From a distance, indeed, the wise person sees virtue and fault everywhere.)
A wise person alone is able to overcome what is established, not others. The wise, indeed, perceives virtue and fault everywhere, even from afar.
संशयात्मा स कामात्मा चलचित्तोऽल्पचेतनः। अप्राज्ञो न तरत्येव यो ह्यास्ते न स गच्छति ॥१२-२२७-१९॥
saṃśayātmā sa kāmātmā calacitto'lpacetanaḥ। aprajño na taratyeva yo hyāste na sa gacchati ॥12-227-19॥
[संशयात्मा (saṃśayātmā) - one whose nature is doubt; सः (saḥ) - he; कामात्मा (kāmātmā) - one whose nature is desire; चलचित्तः (calacittaḥ) - whose mind is unsteady; अल्पचेतनः (alpacetanaḥ) - of little intelligence; अप्राज्ञः (aprajñaḥ) - unwise; न (na) - not; तरति (tarati) - crosses; एव (eva) - indeed; यः (yaḥ) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; आस्ते (āste) - remains; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes;]
(One whose nature is doubt, he, whose nature is desire, whose mind is unsteady, of little intelligence, unwise, does not indeed cross over; who indeed remains, he does not go.)
He who is of a doubting nature, filled with desire, with an unsteady mind and little intelligence, unwise, does not cross over; the one who remains thus does not progress.
अप्लवो हि महादोषमुह्यमानोऽधिगच्छति। कामग्राहगृहीतस्य ज्ञानमप्यस्य न प्लवः ॥१२-२२७-२०॥
aplavo hi mahādoṣamuhyamāno'dhigacchati। kāmagrāhagr̥hītasya jñānamapyasya na plavaḥ ॥12-227-20॥
[अप्लवः (aplavaḥ) - without raft; हि (hi) - indeed; महादोष-मुह्यमानः (mahādoṣa-muhyamānaḥ) - confused by great fault; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains; काम-ग्राह-गृहीतस्य (kāma-grāha-gr̥hītasya) - of one seized by the crocodile of desire; ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge; अपि (api) - even; अस्य (asya) - his; न (na) - not; प्लवः (plavaḥ) - raft;]
(Indeed, one without a raft, confused by great fault, attains (ruin); for one seized by the crocodile of desire, even his knowledge is not a raft.)
Indeed, a person without support, bewildered by great faults, is ruined; for one seized by the crocodile of desire, even his knowledge does not serve as a raft (to cross over difficulties).
तस्मादुन्मज्जनस्यार्थे प्रयतेत विचक्षणः। एतदुन्मज्जनं तस्य यदयं ब्राह्मणो भवेत् ॥१२-२२७-२१॥
tasmād-unmajjanasya-arthe prayateta vicakṣaṇaḥ। etad-unmajjanaṃ tasya yad-ayaṃ brāhmaṇo bhavet ॥12-227-21॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; उन्मज्जनस्य (unmajjanasya) - of rising up; अर्थे (arthe) - for the purpose; प्रयतेत (prayateta) - should strive; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - the wise one; एतत् (etat) - this; उन्मज्जनम् (unmajjanam) - rising up; तस्य (tasya) - of him; यत् (yat) - that; अयम् (ayam) - this; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; भवेत् (bhavet) - may become;]
(Therefore, for the purpose of rising up, the wise one should strive. This rising up of him is that by which he may become a brāhmaṇa.)
Therefore, the wise person should strive for spiritual elevation. This elevation is what makes him a brāhmaṇa.
त्र्यवदाते कुले जातस्त्रिसंदेहस्त्रिकर्मकृत्। तस्मादुन्मज्जनस्तिष्ठेन्निस्तरेत्प्रज्ञया यथा ॥१२-२२७-२२॥
tryavadāte kule jātastrisandehastrikarmakṛt। tasmādunmajjanas tiṣṭhennistaretprajñayā yathā ॥12-227-22॥
[त्रि-अवदाते (tri-avadāte) - three-pure; (having three kinds of purity;) कुले (kule) - in a family; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; त्रि-संदेहः (tri-sandehaḥ) - three-doubts; (having three kinds of doubts;) त्रि-कर्मकृत् (tri-karmakṛt) - three-acts-doer; (performer of three kinds of actions;) तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; उन्मज्जनः (unmajjanaḥ) - emerging; तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - should remain; निस्तरेत् (nistaret) - should cross over; प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - by wisdom; यथा (yathā) - as; ॥१२-२२७-२२॥ (॥12-227-22॥) - ;]
(Born in a family of threefold purity, having three kinds of doubts, performer of three kinds of actions; therefore, one who emerges should remain and should cross over by wisdom, as (it is).)
One who is born in a family of threefold purity, who has three kinds of doubts and performs three kinds of actions, therefore, when emerging, should remain steady and cross over by wisdom, as is appropriate.
संस्कृतस्य हि दान्तस्य नियतस्य कृतात्मनः। प्राज्ञस्यानन्तरा सिद्धिरिह लोके परत्र च ॥१२-२२७-२३॥
saṃskṛtasya hi dāntasya niyatasya kṛtātmanaḥ। prājñasya anantarā siddhiḥ iha loke paratra ca ॥12-227-23॥
[संस्कृतस्य (saṃskṛtasya) - of the refined; of the cultured; हि (hi) - indeed; दान्तस्य (dāntasya) - of the self-restrained; नियतस्य (niyatasya) - of the disciplined; कृतात्मनः (kṛtātmanaḥ) - of the self-controlled; प्राज्ञस्य (prājñasya) - of the wise; अनन्तरा (anantarā) - immediately following; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success; इह (iha) - here; लोके (loke) - in the world; परत्र (paratra) - in the hereafter; च (ca) - and;]
(Of the refined, indeed, of the self-restrained, of the disciplined, of the self-controlled, of the wise, immediately following is success here in the world and in the hereafter and.)
For the refined, self-restrained, disciplined, and self-controlled wise person, success follows immediately both in this world and the next.
वर्तते तेषु गृहवानक्रुध्यन्ननसूयकः। पञ्चभिः सततं यज्ञैर्विघसाशी यजेत च ॥१२-२२७-२४॥
vartate teṣu gṛhavān akrudhyann anasūyakaḥ। pañcabhiḥ satataṃ yajñair vighasāśī yajeta ca ॥12-227-24॥
[वर्तते (vartate) - exists; functions; तेषु (teṣu) - among them; गृहवान् (gṛhavān) - householder; one possessing a house; अक्रुध्यन् (akrudhyan) - not becoming angry; अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - free from envy; पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five; सततम् (satatam) - always; continuously; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - with sacrifices; विघसाशी (vighasāśī) - eating remnants; यजेत (yajeta) - should perform sacrifice; च (ca) - and;]
(Exists among them the householder, not becoming angry, free from envy; with five (sacrifices), always, with sacrifices, eating remnants, should perform sacrifice and.)
Among them, the householder who is free from anger and envy should always perform sacrifices with five offerings, subsisting on remnants.
सतां वृत्तेन वर्तेत क्रियाः शिष्टवदाचरेत्। असंरोधेन धर्मस्य वृत्तिं लिप्सेदगर्हिताम् ॥१२-२२७-२५॥
satāṃ vṛttena varteta kriyāḥ śiṣṭavadācaret। asaṃrodhena dharmasya vṛttiṃ lipsedagarhitām ॥12-227-25॥
[सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous; वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct; वर्तेत (varteta) - one should behave; क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - actions; शिष्टवत् (śiṣṭavat) - like the learned; आचरेत् (ācaret) - one should practice; असंरोधेन (asaṃrodhena) - without obstruction; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - conduct; लिप्सेत् (lipsed) - one should desire; अगर्हिताम् (agarhitām) - blameless;]
(One should behave by the conduct of the virtuous; actions should be practiced like the learned. Without obstruction, one should desire blameless conduct of dharma.)
One should conduct oneself according to the ways of the virtuous and act as the learned do. Without hindrance, one should seek a blameless practice of dharma.
श्रुतिविज्ञानतत्त्वज्ञः शिष्टाचारो विचक्षणः। स्वधर्मेण क्रियावांश्च कर्मणा सोऽप्यसङ्करः ॥१२-२२७-२६॥
śrutivijñānatattvajñaḥ śiṣṭācāro vicakṣaṇaḥ। svadharmeṇa kriyāvāṃśca karmaṇā so'pyasaṅkaraḥ ॥12-227-26॥
[श्रुति (śruti) - Veda; विज्ञान (vijñāna) - special knowledge; तत्त्व (tattva) - principle; ज्ञः (jñaḥ) - knower; शिष्टाचारः (śiṣṭācāraḥ) - conduct of the learned; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - wise; स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own duty; क्रियावान् (kriyāvān) - engaged in action; च (ca) - and; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; सः (saḥ) - he; अपि (api) - also; असङ्करः (asaṅkaraḥ) - not confused;]
(He who is a knower of the principles of the Veda and special knowledge, who follows the conduct of the learned, who is wise, who acts according to his own duty and is engaged in action, he also is not confused by action.)
He who knows the principles of the Veda and special knowledge, follows the conduct of the learned, is wise, acts according to his own duty and is engaged in action, he too is not confounded by action.
क्रियावाञ्श्रद्दधानश्च दाता प्राज्ञोऽनसूयकः। धर्माधर्मविशेषज्ञः सर्वं तरति दुस्तरम् ॥१२-२२७-२७॥
kriyāvāñśraddadhānaś ca dātā prājño'nasūyakaḥ। dharmādharmaviśeṣajñaḥ sarvaṃ tarati dustaram ॥12-227-27॥
[क्रियावान् (kriyāvān) - possessed of action; श्रद्दधानः (śraddadhānaḥ) - faithful; च (ca) - and; दाता (dātā) - giver; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise; अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - non-envious; धर्म-अधर्म-विशेष-ज्ञः (dharma-adharma-viśeṣa-jñaḥ) - knower of the distinctions of dharma and adharma; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; तरति (tarati) - crosses; दुस्तरम् (dustaram) - difficult to cross;]
(Possessed of action, faithful, and a giver, wise, non-envious, knower of the distinctions of dharma and adharma, all crosses the difficult to cross.)
One who is active, faithful, generous, wise, and free from envy, and who knows the distinctions between dharma and adharma, crosses over all that is difficult to overcome.
धृतिमानप्रमत्तश्च दान्तो धर्मविदात्मवान्। वीतहर्षभयक्रोधो ब्राह्मणो नावसीदति ॥१२-२२७-२८॥
dhṛtimānapramattaśca dānto dharmavidātmavān। vītaharṣabhayakrodho brāhmaṇo nāvasīdati ॥12-227-28॥
[धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - possessed of fortitude; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not negligent; च (ca) - and; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; धर्मविद् (dharmavid) - knower of dharma; आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed; वीत (vīta) - devoid of; हर्ष (harṣa) - delight; भय (bhaya) - fear; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; न (na) - not; अवसीदति (avasīdati) - sinks (into despair);]
(Possessed of fortitude, not negligent, and self-restrained, a knower of dharma, self-possessed, devoid of delight, fear, and anger, the brāhmaṇa does not sink (into despair).)
A brāhmaṇa who is steadfast, vigilant, self-controlled, versed in dharma, self-possessed, and free from delight, fear, and anger, never falls into despair.
एषा पूर्वतरा वृत्तिर्ब्राह्मणस्य विधीयते। ज्ञानवित्त्वेन कर्माणि कुर्वन्सर्वत्र सिध्यति ॥१२-२२७-२९॥
eṣā pūrvatarā vṛttir brāhmaṇasya vidhīyate। jñānavittvena karmāṇi kurvan sarvatra sidhyati ॥12-227-29॥
[एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine); पूर्वतरा (pūrvatarā) - more ancient; वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - conduct; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed; ज्ञानवित्त्वेन (jñānavittvena) - by the wealth of knowledge; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - performing; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds;]
(This more ancient conduct of the Brāhmaṇa is prescribed. Performing actions by the wealth of knowledge, he succeeds everywhere.)
This is the more ancient conduct prescribed for a Brāhmaṇa: by performing actions with the wealth of knowledge, he succeeds everywhere.
अधर्मं धर्मकामो हि करोतीहाविचक्षणः। धर्मं चाधर्मसङ्काशं शोचन्निव करोति सः ॥१२-२२७-३०॥
adharmaṃ dharmakāmo hi karotīhāvicakṣaṇaḥ। dharmaṃ cādharmasaṅkāśaṃ śocanniva karoti saḥ ॥12-227-30॥
[अधर्मं (adharmaṃ) - unrighteousness; धर्मकामः (dharmakāmaḥ) - one desiring righteousness; हि (hi) - indeed; करोति (karoti) - does; इह (iha) - here; अविचक्षणः (avicakṣaṇaḥ) - unwise; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; अधर्मसङ्काशं (adharmasaṅkāśam) - having the appearance of unrighteousness; शोचन् (śocan) - grieving; इव (iva) - as if; करोति (karoti) - does; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Indeed, the unwise one desiring righteousness here does unrighteousness; and he, grieving as if, does righteousness having the appearance of unrighteousness.)
The unwise person, though desiring righteousness, acts unrighteously here; and, grieving as if, he performs righteousness that appears like unrighteousness.
धर्मं करोमीति करोत्यधर्म; मधर्मकामश्च करोति धर्मम्। उभे बालः कर्मणी न प्रजान; न्स जायते म्रियते चापि देही ॥१२-२२७-३१॥
dharmaṃ karomīti karotyadharma; madharmakāmaś ca karoti dharmam। ubhe bālaḥ karmaṇī na prajān; na jāyate mriyate cāpi dehī ॥12-227-31॥
[धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; करोमि (karomi) - I do; इति (iti) - thus; करोति (karoti) - does; अधर्म (adharma) - unrighteousness; मधर्मकामः (madharmakāmaḥ) - one desiring unrighteousness; च (ca) - and; करोति (karoti) - does; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; उभे (ubhe) - both; बालः (bālaḥ) - child; कर्मणी (karmaṇī) - in actions; न (na) - not; प्रजानन् (prajānan) - knowing; न (na) - not; जायते (jāyate) - is born; म्रियते (mriyate) - dies; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; देही (dehī) - embodied soul;]
(Righteousness I do, thus (he) does unrighteousness; and one desiring unrighteousness also does righteousness. Both (are) children in actions, not knowing; the embodied soul is not born, nor does (it) die also.)
Saying 'I do righteousness', he acts unrighteously; and even one who desires unrighteousness may act righteously. Both are immature in their actions, not knowing; the embodied soul is neither born nor does it die.
