12.244
व्यास उवाच॥
Vyāsa said.
द्वंद्वानि मोक्षजिज्ञासुरर्थधर्मावनुष्ठितः। वक्त्रा गुणवता शिष्यः श्राव्यः पूर्वमिदं महत् ॥१२-२४४-१॥
A disciple who seeks liberation, having not practiced wealth and righteousness, should first listen to this great teaching from a virtuous teacher.
आकाशं मारुतो ज्योतिरापः पृथ्वी च पञ्चमी। भावाभावौ च कालश्च सर्वभूतेषु पञ्चसु ॥१२-२४४-२॥
Ether, wind, light, water, earth—the five elements; existence and non-existence, and time, are present in all beings among these five.
अन्तरात्मकमाकाशं तन्मयं श्रोत्रमिन्द्रियम्। तस्य शब्दं गुणं विद्यान्मूर्तिशास्त्रविधानवित् ॥१२-२४४-३॥
The ether, which is of an internal nature and consists of that, has the ear as its sense organ; one should know that its quality is sound, as explained by the expert in the science of forms.
चरणं मारुतात्मेति प्राणापानौ च तन्मयौ। स्पर्शनं चेन्द्रियं विद्यात्तथा स्पर्शं च तन्मयम् ॥१२-२४४-४॥
The foot is considered to be of the nature of wind; prāṇa and apāna are made of it. Touch should be known as the sense organ, and likewise, contact as being of the same nature.
ततः पाकः प्रकाशश्च ज्योतिश्चक्षुश्च तन्मयम्। तस्य रूपं गुणं विद्यात्तमोऽन्ववसितात्मकम् ॥१२-२४४-५॥
Then, ripening, manifestation, light, and the eye are all composed of that. One should know that its form and quality are darkness, having the nature of being pervaded.
प्रक्लेदः क्षुद्रता स्नेह इत्यापो ह्युपदिश्यते। रसनं चेन्द्रियं जिह्वा रसश्चापां गुणो मतः ॥१२-२४४-६॥
Moistening, subtlety, and unctuousness are described as the characteristics of water. The tongue is the sense organ, and taste is considered the quality of water.
सङ्घातः पार्थिवो धातुरस्थिदन्तनखानि च। श्मश्रु लोम च केशाश्च सिराः स्नायु च चर्म च ॥१२-२४४-७॥
The aggregate of the body consists of the earthly element: bones, teeth, nails, beard, body hair, hair of the head, veins, tendons, and skin.
इन्द्रियं घ्राणसञ्ज्ञानं नासिकेत्यभिधीयते। गन्धश्चैवेन्द्रियार्थोऽयं विज्ञेयः पृथिवीमयः ॥१२-२४४-८॥
The sense organ associated with smell is called the nose. The object of this sense is smell, which should be understood as being composed of the element earth.
उत्तरेषु गुणाः सन्ति सर्वे सर्वेषु चोत्तराः। पञ्चानां भूतसङ्घानां सन्ततिं मुनयो विदुः ॥१२-२४४-९॥
In the northern regions, qualities exist; in all regions, the northern ones are superior. The sages know the succession of the five groups of elements.
मनो नवममेषां तु बुद्धिस्तु दशमी स्मृता। एकादशोऽन्तरात्मा च सर्वतः पर उच्यते ॥१२-२४४-१०॥
Of these, the mind is the ninth, but the intellect is regarded as the tenth; the inner self is the eleventh, and everywhere the supreme is spoken of.
व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिर्मनो व्याकरणात्मकम्। कर्मानुमानाद्विज्ञेयः स जीवः क्षेत्रसञ्ज्ञकः ॥१२-२४४-११॥
The intellect is resolute, the mind is analytical. The living being known as the field is to be understood through action and inference.
एभिः कालाष्टमैर्भावैर्यः सर्वैः सर्वमन्वितम्। पश्यत्यकलुषं प्राज्ञः स मोहं नानुवर्तते ॥१२-२४४-१२॥
He who perceives all things as endowed with the eight forms of time and all states, and sees them as untainted, that wise person does not fall into delusion.
