12.247
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; (name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
भूतानां गुणसङ्ख्यानं भूयः पुत्र निशामय। द्वैपायनमुखाद्भ्रष्टं श्लाघया परयानघ ॥१२-२४७-१॥
bhūtānāṃ guṇasaṅkhyānaṃ bhūyaḥ putra niśāmaya। dvaipāyanamukhādbhraṣṭaṃ ślāghayā parayānagha ॥12-247-1॥
[भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; गुणसङ्ख्यानम् (guṇasaṅkhyānam) - enumeration of qualities; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; पुत्र (putra) - O son; निशामय (niśāmaya) - listen; द्वैपायनमुखात् (dvaipāyanamukhāt) - from the mouth of Dvaipāyana; भ्रष्टम् (bhraṣṭam) - fallen; श्लाघया (ślāghayā) - with praise; परयानघ (parayānagha) - O sinless one of supreme (virtue);]
(O son, listen again to the enumeration of the qualities of beings, fallen from the mouth of Dvaipāyana, with praise, O sinless one of supreme (virtue).)
O son, once more listen to the enumeration of the qualities of beings, as praised and narrated by Dvaipāyana, O sinless one of supreme virtue.
दीप्तानलनिभः प्राह भगवान्धूम्रवर्चसे। ततोऽहमपि वक्ष्यामि भूयः पुत्र निदर्शनम् ॥१२-२४७-२॥
dīptānalanibhaḥ prāha bhagavāndhūmravarcase. tato'hamapi vakṣyāmi bhūyaḥ putra nidarśanam ॥12-247-2॥
[दीप्त-अनल-निभः (dīpta-anala-nibhaḥ) - shining-fire-resembling; प्राह (prāha) - said; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable one; धूम्रवर्चसे (dhūmravarcase) - to Dhūmravarcas; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अहम् (aham) - I; अपि (api) - also; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - shall speak; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; पुत्र (putra) - son; निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example;]
(Shining like fire, the venerable one said to Dhūmravarcas. Then I also shall speak again, son, an example.)
The venerable one, shining like fire, spoke to Dhūmravarcas. Then, my son, I too will again give an example.
भूमेः स्थैर्यं पृथुत्वं च काठिन्यं प्रसवात्मता। गन्धो गुरुत्वं शक्तिश्च सङ्घातः स्थापना धृतिः ॥१२-२४७-३॥
bhūmeḥ sthairyaṃ pṛthutvaṃ ca kāṭhinyaṃ prasavātmatā। gandho gurutvaṃ śaktiśca saṅghātaḥ sthāpanā dhṛtiḥ ॥12-247-3॥
[भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth; स्थैर्यं (sthairyaṃ) - steadiness; पृथुत्वं (pṛthutvaṃ) - expansiveness; च (ca) - and; काठिन्यं (kāṭhinyaṃ) - hardness; प्रसवात्मता (prasavātmatā) - nature of production; गन्धः (gandhaḥ) - smell; गुरुत्वं (gurutvaṃ) - heaviness; शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - power; च (ca) - and; सङ्घातः (saṅghātaḥ) - aggregation; स्थापना (sthāpanā) - support; धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - firmness;]
(Of the earth: steadiness, expansiveness, and hardness, nature of production, smell, heaviness, power, and aggregation, support, firmness.)
The qualities of earth are steadiness, expansiveness, hardness, generative nature, smell, heaviness, power, aggregation, support, and firmness.
अपां शैत्यं रसः क्लेदो द्रवत्वं स्नेहसौम्यता। जिह्वा विष्यन्दिनी चैव भौमाप्यास्रवणं तथा ॥१२-२४७-४॥
apāṃ śaityaṃ rasaḥ kledo dravatvaṃ snehasaumyatā| jihvā viṣyandinī caiva bhaumāpyāsravaṇaṃ tathā ॥12-247-4॥
[अपां (apāṃ) - of waters; शैत्यं (śaityaṃ) - coldness; रसः (rasaḥ) - taste; क्लेदः (kledaḥ) - moisture; द्रवत्वं (dravatvaṃ) - fluidity; स्नेहसौम्यता (snehasaumyatā) - unctuousness and gentleness; जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue; विष्यन्दिनी (viṣyandinī) - that which flows; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भौमाप्य (bhaumāpyā) - of earth and water; आस्रवणं (āsravaṇaṃ) - exudation; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(Of waters: coldness, taste, moisture, fluidity, unctuousness and gentleness; tongue, that which flows, and indeed, of earth and water, exudation likewise.)
The qualities of water are coldness, taste, moisture, fluidity, unctuousness, and gentleness; the tongue is that which flows, and likewise, exudation pertains to earth and water.
अग्नेर्दुर्धर्षता तेजस्तापः पाकः प्रकाशनम्। शौचं रागो लघुस्तैक्ष्ण्यं दशमं चोर्ध्वभागिता ॥१२-२४७-५॥
agner durdharṣatā tejas tāpaḥ pākaḥ prakāśanam। śaucaṃ rāgo laghu staikṣṇyaṃ daśamaṃ ca ūrdhvabhāgitā ॥12-247-5॥
[अग्नेः (agner) - of Agni; दुर्धर्षता (durdharṣatā) - invincibility; तेजः (tejas) - brilliance; तापः (tāpaḥ) - heat; पाकः (pākaḥ) - ripening; प्रकाशनम् (prakāśanam) - illumination; शौचं (śaucaṃ) - purity; रागः (rāgaḥ) - color; लघु (laghu) - lightness; स्तैक्ष्ण्यम् (staikṣṇyam) - sharpness; दशमं (daśamam) - the tenth; च (ca) - and; ऊर्ध्वभागिता (ūrdhvabhāgitā) - upward movement;]
(Of Agni: invincibility, brilliance, heat, ripening, illumination, purity, color, lightness, sharpness, the tenth and upward movement.)
The qualities of Agni are invincibility, brilliance, heat, ripening, illumination, purity, color, lightness, sharpness, the tenth, and upward movement.
वायोरनियमः स्पर्शो वादस्थानं स्वतन्त्रता। बलं शैघ्र्यं च मोहश्च चेष्टा कर्मकृता भवः ॥१२-२४७-६॥
vāyoraniyamaḥ sparśo vādasthānaṃ svatantratā। balaṃ śaighryaṃ ca mohaśca ceṣṭā karmakṛtā bhavaḥ ॥12-247-6॥
[वायोः (vāyoḥ) - of wind; of air; अनियमः (aniyamaḥ) - absence of restraint; lack of regulation; स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - touch; contact; वादस्थानम् (vādasthānam) - place of sound; source of speech; स्वतन्त्रता (svatantratā) - independence; freedom; बलम् (balam) - strength; power; शैघ्र्यम् (śaighryam) - swiftness; speed; च (ca) - and; मोहः (mohaḥ) - delusion; confusion; च (ca) - and; चेष्टा (ceṣṭā) - activity; movement; कर्मकृता (karmakṛtā) - caused by action; produced by deeds; भवः (bhavaḥ) - existence; being;]
(Of wind: absence of restraint, touch, place of sound, independence, strength, swiftness, and delusion, and activity, existence produced by action.)
The qualities of wind are lack of restraint, touch, the source of sound, independence, strength, swiftness, delusion, activity, and existence arising from actions.
आकाशस्य गुणः शब्दो व्यापित्वं छिद्रतापि च। अनाश्रयमनालम्बमव्यक्तमविकारिता ॥१२-२४७-७॥
ākāśasya guṇaḥ śabdo vyāpitvaṃ chidratāpi ca। anāśrayamanālambamavyaktamavikāritā ॥12-247-7॥
[आकाशस्य (ākāśasya) - of space; गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality; शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound; व्यापित्वम् (vyāpitvam) - pervasiveness; छिद्रता (chidratā) - having holes; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; अनाश्रयम् (anāśrayam) - without support; अनालम्बम् (anālambam) - without resting on anything; अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - unmanifest; अविकारिता (avikāritā) - unchangeability;]
(Of space, the quality is sound, pervasiveness, having holes also and; without support, without resting on anything, unmanifest, unchangeability.)
The qualities of space are sound, pervasiveness, having holes, being without support, without resting on anything, unmanifest, and unchangeable.
अप्रतीघातता चैव भूतत्वं विकृतानि च। गुणाः पञ्चाशतं प्रोक्ताः पञ्चभूतात्मभाविताः ॥१२-२४७-८॥
apratīghātatā caiva bhūtatvaṃ vikṛtāni ca। guṇāḥ pañcāśataṃ proktāḥ pañcabhūtātmabhāvitāḥ ॥12-247-8॥
[अप्रतीघातता (apratīghātatā) - non-obstructiveness; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भूतत्वं (bhūtatvam) - elemental nature; विकृतानि (vikṛtāni) - modifications; च (ca) - and; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; पञ्चाशतं (pañcāśatam) - fifty; प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are said; पञ्चभूतात्मभाविताः (pañcabhūtātmabhāvitāḥ) - endowed with the nature of the five elements;]
(Non-obstructiveness and indeed elemental nature and modifications; qualities, fifty, are said, endowed with the nature of the five elements.)
Non-obstructiveness, elemental nature, and modifications are the fifty qualities said to be endowed with the nature of the five elements.
चलोपपत्तिर्व्यक्तिश्च विसर्गः कल्पना क्षमा। सदसच्चाशुता चैव मनसो नव वै गुणाः ॥१२-२४७-९॥
calopapattirvyaktiśca visargaḥ kalpanā kṣamā| sadasaccāśutā caiva manaso nava vai guṇāḥ ||12-247-9||
[चल (cala) - movement; उपपत्तिः (upapattiḥ) - origination; व्यक्तिः (vyaktiḥ) - manifestation; च (ca) - and; विसर्गः (visargaḥ) - emission; कल्पना (kalpanā) - imagination; क्षमा (kṣamā) - forbearance; सत् (sat) - existence; असत् (asat) - non-existence; च (ca) - and; आशुता (āśutā) - swiftness; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind; नव (nava) - nine; वै (vai) - indeed; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities;]
(Movement, origination, manifestation, and emission, imagination, forbearance, existence, non-existence, swiftness, and indeed, these are the nine qualities of the mind.)
Movement, origination, manifestation, emission, imagination, forbearance, existence, non-existence, and swiftness are indeed the nine qualities of the mind.
इष्टानिष्टविकल्पश्च व्यवसायः समाधिता। संशयः प्रतिपत्तिश्च बुद्धौ पञ्चेह ये गुणाः ॥१२-२४७-१०॥
iṣṭāniṣṭavikalpaś ca vyavasāyaḥ samādhitā। saṃśayaḥ pratipattiś ca buddhau pañceha ye guṇāḥ ॥12-247-10॥
[इष्ट (iṣṭa) - desired; अनिष्ट (aniṣṭa) - undesired; विकल्पः (vikalpaḥ) - alternation; च (ca) - and; व्यवसायः (vyavasāyaḥ) - determination; समाधिता (samādhitā) - concentration; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; प्रतिपत्तिः (pratipattiḥ) - understanding; च (ca) - and; बुद्धौ (buddhau) - in the intellect; पञ्च (pañca) - five; इह (iha) - here; ये (ye) - which; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities;]
(Desired, undesired, alternation, and determination, concentration, doubt, understanding, and in the intellect, five here which qualities.)
Here, in the intellect, the five qualities are: desire, aversion, alternation, determination, concentration, doubt, and understanding.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
कथं पञ्चगुणा बुद्धिः कथं पञ्चेन्द्रिया गुणाः। एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व सूक्ष्मज्ञानं पितामह ॥१२-२४७-११॥
kathaṃ pañcaguṇā buddhiḥ kathaṃ pañcendriyā guṇāḥ। etanme sarvamācakṣva sūkṣmajñānaṃ pitāmaha ॥12-247-11॥
[कथं (kathaṃ) - how; पञ्चगुणा (pañcaguṇā) - fivefold qualities; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; पञ्चेन्द्रिया (pañcendriyā) - five senses; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; एतत् (etat) - this; मे (me) - to me; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; सूक्ष्मज्ञानम् (sūkṣmajñānam) - subtle knowledge; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire;]
(How are the fivefold qualities of intellect, how are the qualities of the five senses? Tell me all this, O grandsire, the subtle knowledge.)
O grandsire, tell me all this subtle knowledge: How are the fivefold qualities of intellect, and how are the qualities of the five senses?
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; (name of a person) उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
आहुः षष्टिं भूतगुणान्वै; भूतविशिष्टा नित्यविषक्ताः। भूतविषक्ताश्चाक्षरसृष्टाः; पुत्र न नित्यं तदिह वदन्ति ॥१२-२४७-१२॥
āhuḥ ṣaṣṭiṃ bhūtaguṇān vai; bhūtaviśiṣṭā nityaviṣaktāḥ। bhūtaviṣaktāś cākṣarasṛṣṭāḥ; putra na nityaṃ tadiha vadanti ॥12-247-12॥
[आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; षष्टिं (ṣaṣṭim) - sixty; भूतगुणान् (bhūtaguṇān) - elemental qualities; वै (vai) - indeed; भूतविशिष्टाः (bhūtaviśiṣṭāḥ) - endowed with elements; नित्यविषक्ताः (nityaviṣaktāḥ) - eternally attached; भूतविषक्ताः (bhūtaviṣaktāḥ) - attached to elements; च (ca) - and; अक्षरसृष्टाः (akṣarasṛṣṭāḥ) - created from the imperishable; पुत्र (putra) - O son; न (na) - not; नित्यं (nityam) - eternal; तत् (tat) - that; इह (iha) - here; वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say;]
(They say there are sixty elemental qualities indeed; those endowed with elements are eternally attached. And those attached to elements are created from the imperishable. O son, that is not said to be eternal here.)
It is said that there are sixty elemental qualities; those endowed with elements are always bound to them. Those bound to the elements are created from the imperishable. O son, that is not considered eternal here.
तत्पुत्र चिन्ताकलितं यदुक्त; मनागतं वै तव सम्प्रतीह। भूतार्थतत्त्वं तदवाप्य सर्वं; भूतप्रभावाद्भव शान्तबुद्धिः ॥१२-२४७-१३॥
tatputra cintākalitaṃ yadukta; manāgataṃ vai tava sampratīha. bhūtārthatattvaṃ tadavāpya sarvaṃ; bhūtaprabhāvādbhava śāntabuddhiḥ ॥12-247-13॥
[तत् (tat) - that; पुत्र (putra) - son; चिन्ता (cintā) - thought; कलितं (kalitaṃ) - immersed; यद् (yad) - which; उक्त (ukta) - spoken; मनागतं (manāgataṃ) - come to mind; वै (vai) - indeed; तव (tava) - your; सम्प्रतीह (sampratīha) - now here; भूतार्थतत्त्वं (bhūtārthatattvaṃ) - the true nature of reality; तद् (tad) - that; अवाप्य (avāpya) - having attained; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; भूतप्रभावात् (bhūtaprabhāvāt) - from the influence of beings; भव (bhava) - be; शान्तबुद्धिः (śāntabuddhiḥ) - of peaceful mind;]
(That son, immersed in thought, which was spoken; what has come to your mind, indeed, is now here. Having attained all the true nature of reality, from the influence of beings, be of peaceful mind.)
That son, whose mind is troubled by what has been said and what has come to your mind, is now here. Having realized the true nature of all reality, be of peaceful mind, free from the influence of beings.
