12.318
नारद उवाच॥
nārada uvāca॥
[नारद (nārada) - Nārada; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Nārada said;)
Nārada said.
सुखदुःखविपर्यासो यदा समुपपद्यते। नैनं प्रज्ञा सुनीतं वा त्रायते नापि पौरुषम् ॥१२-३१८-१॥
sukhaduḥkhaviparyāso yadā samupapadyate। nainaṃ prajñā sunītaṃ vā trāyate nāpi pauruṣam ॥12-318-1॥
[सुख (sukha) - happiness; दुःख (duḥkha) - sorrow; विपर्यासः (viparyāsaḥ) - reversal; यदा (yadā) - when; समुपपद्यते (samupapadyate) - arises together; न (na) - not; एनम् (enam) - this (person); प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; सुनीतम् (sunītam) - good conduct; वा (vā) - or; त्रायते (trāyate) - protects; न (na) - not; अपि (api) - even; पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - manliness;]
(When the reversal of happiness and sorrow arises together, neither wisdom, nor good conduct, nor even manliness protects this (person).)
When the reversal of happiness and sorrow occurs, neither wisdom, nor good conduct, nor even manliness can protect a person. (12-318-1)
स्वभावाद्यत्नमातिष्ठेद्यत्नवान्नावसीदति। जरामरणरोगेभ्यः प्रियमात्मानमुद्धरेत् ॥१२-३१८-२॥
svabhāvādyatnamātiṣṭhedyatnavānnāvasīdati। jarāmaraṇarogebhyaḥ priyamātmānamuddharet ॥12-318-2॥
[स्वभावात् (svabhāvāt) - from one's own nature; यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort; आतिष्ठेत् (ātiṣṭhet) - should undertake; यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - the one who is diligent; न (na) - not; अवसीदति (avasīdati) - sinks; जरामरणरोगेभ्यः (jarāmaraṇarogebhyaḥ) - from old age, death, and diseases; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; उद्धरेत् (uddharet) - should uplift;]
(From one's own nature, one should undertake effort; the diligent does not sink. From old age, death, and diseases, one should uplift the dear self. (12-318-2))
One should make effort according to one's own nature; the diligent person does not fall. One should uplift one's dear self from old age, death, and diseases. (12-318-2)
रुजन्ति हि शरीराणि रोगाः शारीरमानसाः। सायका इव तीक्ष्णाग्राः प्रयुक्ता दृढधन्विभिः ॥१२-३१८-३॥
rujanti hi śarīrāṇi rogāḥ śārīramānasāḥ। sāyakā iva tīkṣṇāgrāḥ prayuktā dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ ॥12-318-3॥
[रुजन्ति (rujanti) - afflict; हि (hi) - indeed; शरीराणि (śarīrāṇi) - bodies; रोगाः (rogāḥ) - diseases; शारीरमानसाः (śārīramānasāḥ) - bodily and mental; सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows; इव (iva) - like; तीक्ष्णाग्राः (tīkṣṇāgrāḥ) - sharp-pointed; प्रयुक्ताः (prayuktāḥ) - discharged; दृढधन्विभिः (dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ) - by strong bowmen;]
(Indeed, bodily and mental diseases afflict bodies, like sharp-pointed arrows discharged by strong bowmen.)
Diseases of the body and mind afflict the body just as sharp-pointed arrows shot by strong bowmen do. (12-318-3)
व्याधितस्य विवित्साभिस्त्रस्यतो जीवितैषिणः। अवशस्य विनाशाय शरीरमपकृष्यते ॥१२-३१८-४॥
vyādhitasya vivitsābhis trasyato jīvitaiṣiṇaḥ। avaśasya vināśāya śarīram apakṛṣyate॥12-318-4॥
[व्याधितस्य (vyādhitasya) - of the afflicted; (one who is diseased); विवित्साभिः (vivitsābhiḥ) - by desires to know; (by intentions to survive); त्रस्यतः (trasyataḥ) - of the one who is afraid; (trembling); जीवितैषिणः (jīvitaiṣiṇaḥ) - of one desiring life; (seeking to live); अवशस्य (avaśasya) - of the helpless; (powerless); विनाशाय (vināśāya) - for destruction; (towards ruin); शरीरम् (śarīram) - the body; (physical body); अपकृष्यते (apakṛṣyate) - is dragged away; (is pulled off);]
(Of the afflicted, by desires to know, of the one who is afraid, of one desiring life, of the helpless, for destruction, the body is dragged away.)
The body of the helpless, afflicted person, who is fearful and desires to live, is dragged away to destruction. (12-318-4)
स्रवन्ति न निवर्तन्ते स्रोतांसि सरितामिव। आयुरादाय मर्त्यानां रात्र्यहानि पुनः पुनः ॥१२-३१८-५॥
sravanti na nivartante srotāṁsi saritām iva। āyur ādāya martyānāṁ rātryahāni punaḥ punaḥ ॥12-318-5॥
[स्रवन्ति (sravanti) - flow; (they) न (na) - not; निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - return; (they) स्रोतांसि (srotāṁsi) - streams; सरिताम् (saritām) - of rivers; इव (iva) - like; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; आदाय (ādāya) - taking; मर्त्यानाम् (martyānām) - of mortals; रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - nights and days; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(Flow not return streams of rivers like. Life taking of mortals nights and days again again.)
Just as the streams of rivers flow and do not return, so too, taking away the life of mortals, nights and days pass by again and again. (12-318-5)
व्यत्ययो ह्ययमत्यन्तं पक्षयोः शुक्लकृष्णयोः। जातं मर्त्यं जरयति निमेषं नावतिष्ठते ॥१२-३१८-६॥
vyatyayo hy ayam atyantaṃ pakṣayoḥ śuklakṛṣṇayoḥ। jātaṃ martyaṃ jarayati nimeṣaṃ nāvatiṣṭhate ॥12-318-6॥
[व्यत्ययः (vyatyayaḥ) - change; हि (hi) - indeed; अयम् (ayam) - this; अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - completely; पक्षयोः (pakṣayoḥ) - of the two fortnights; शुक्लकृष्णयोः (śuklakṛṣṇayoḥ) - of the bright and dark; जातम् (jātam) - born; मर्त्यम् (martyam) - mortal; जरयति (jarayati) - causes to age; निमेषम् (nimeṣam) - a moment; न (na) - not; अवतिṣ्ठते (avatiṣṭhate) - remains;]
(Change indeed this completely of the two fortnights of the bright and dark. Born mortal causes to age a moment not remains.)
Indeed, this change, occurring completely in the two fortnights of the bright and dark, causes mortals who are born to age; not even a moment remains. (12-318-6)
सुखदुःखानि भूतानामजरो जरयन्नसौ। आदित्यो ह्यस्तमभ्येति पुनः पुनरुदेति च ॥१२-३१८-७॥
sukhaduḥkhāni bhūtānāmajaro jarayannasau। ādityo hyastamabhyeti punaḥ punarudeti ca ॥12-318-7॥
[सुखदुःखानि (sukhaduḥkhāni) - pleasures and pains; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अजरः (ajaraḥ) - ageless; जरयन् (jarayan) - causing to age; असौ (asau) - he; आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्तम् (astam) - to setting; अभ्येति (abhyeti) - approaches; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; उदेति (udeti) - rises; च (ca) - and;]
(Pleasures and pains of beings, ageless, causing to age, he, the sun, indeed, to setting, approaches, again, again, rises, and.)
The sun, ageless himself, causes beings to age through pleasures and pains; he indeed approaches setting and again and again rises. (12-318-7)
अदृष्टपूर्वानादाय भावानपरिशङ्कितान्। इष्टानिष्टान्मनुष्याणामस्तं गच्छन्ति रात्रयः ॥१२-३१८-८॥
adṛṣṭapūrvān ādāya bhāvān apariśaṅkitān। iṣṭāniṣṭān manuṣyāṇām astaṃ gacchanti rātrayaḥ ॥12-318-8॥
[अदृष्टपूर्वान् (adṛṣṭapūrvān) - not-seen-before; आदाय (ādāya) - having taken; भावान् (bhāvān) - states; अपरिशङ्कितान् (apariśaṅkitān) - not-suspected; इष्टानिष्टान् (iṣṭāniṣṭān) - desired-undesired; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; अस्तं (astaṃ) - to setting; गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - go; रात्रयः (rātrayaḥ) - nights;]
(Not-seen-before, having taken, states, not-suspected, desired-undesired, of men, to setting, go, nights.)
The nights, having taken states not seen before and not suspected, both desired and undesired by men, pass away. (12-318-8)
यो यमिच्छेद्यथाकामं कामानां तत्तदाप्नुयात्। यदि स्यान्न पराधीनं पुरुषस्य क्रियाफलम् ॥१२-३१८-९॥
yo yam icched yathākāmaṃ kāmānāṃ tattad āpnuyāt। yadi syān na parādhīnaṃ puruṣasya kriyāphalam ॥12-318-9॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; यम् (yam) - which; इच्छेत् (icchet) - may desire; यथा (yathā) - as; कामम् (kāmam) - wished; कामानाम् (kāmānām) - of desires; तत्तत् (tattat) - that particular; आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - may obtain; यदि (yadi) - if; स्यात् (syāt) - were; न (na) - not; पराधीनम् (parādhīnam) - dependent on others; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person; क्रियाफलम् (kriyāphalam) - fruit of action;]
(Whoever may desire whichever as wished, of desires, that particular may obtain. If were not dependent on others, of a person, the fruit of action.)
Whoever desires any particular object as he wishes, would obtain each of those desires, if the fruit of a person's actions were not dependent on others. (12-318-9)
संयताश्च हि दक्षाश्च मतिमन्तश्च मानवाः। दृश्यन्ते निष्फलाः सन्तः प्रहीणाश्च स्वकर्मभिः ॥१२-३१८-१०॥
saṃyatāś ca hi dakṣāś ca matimantaś ca mānavāḥ। dṛśyante niṣphalāḥ santaḥ prahīṇāś ca svakarmabhiḥ ॥12-318-10॥
[संयताः (saṃyatāḥ) - self-restrained ones; च (ca) - and; हि (hi) - indeed; दक्षाः (dakṣāḥ) - capable ones; च (ca) - and; मतिमन्तः (matimantaḥ) - intelligent ones; च (ca) - and; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; निष्फलाः (niṣphalāḥ) - fruitless; सन्तः (santaḥ) - being; प्रहीणाः (prahīṇāḥ) - deprived; च (ca) - and; स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions;]
(Self-restrained and indeed capable and intelligent humans are seen being fruitless and deprived by their own actions.)
Even self-restrained, capable, and intelligent people are often seen to be fruitless and deprived because of their own actions. (12-318-10)
अपरे बालिशाः सन्तो निर्गुणाः पुरुषाधमाः। आशीर्भिरप्यसंयुक्ता दृश्यन्ते सर्वकामिनः ॥१२-३१८-११॥
apare bāliśāḥ santo nirguṇāḥ puruṣādhamāḥ। āśīrbhir apy asaṃyuktā dṛśyante sarvakāminaḥ ॥12-318-11॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; बालिशाः (bāliśāḥ) - childish; foolish; सन्तः (santaḥ) - being; existing; निर्गुणाः (nirguṇāḥ) - without qualities; devoid of virtues; पुरुषाधमाः (puruṣādhamāḥ) - lowest among men; आशीर्भिः (āśīrbhiḥ) - with blessings; अपि (api) - even; असंयुक्ताः (asaṃyuktāḥ) - not joined; not united; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; सर्वकामिनः (sarvakāminaḥ) - desiring all; desirous of everything;]
(Others, being childish, without qualities, lowest among men, even not joined with blessings, are seen desiring all.)
There are others, foolish and without virtues, the lowest among men, who are seen to desire everything, even though they are not endowed with blessings. (12-318-11)
भूतानामपरः कश्चिद्धिंसायां सततोत्थितः। वञ्चनायां च लोकस्य स सुखेष्वेव जीर्यते ॥१२-३१८-१२॥
bhūtānām-aparaḥ kaścid-dhiṁsāyāṁ satatotthitaḥ। vañcanāyāṁ ca lokasya sa sukheṣveva jīryate ॥12-318-12॥
[भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अपः (aparaḥ) - another; कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; हिंसायाम् (hiṁsāyām) - in injury; सतत (satata) - always; उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - engaged; वञ्चनायाम् (vañcanāyām) - in deceit; च (ca) - and; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of people; स (sa) - he; सुखेषु (sukheṣu) - in pleasures; एव (eva) - only; जीर्यते (jīryate) - decays;]
(Of beings another someone in injury always engaged in deceit and of people he in pleasures only decays.)
There is another person among beings who is always engaged in harming and deceiving people; he simply wastes away in pleasures. (12-318-12)
अचेष्टमानमासीनं श्रीः कञ्चिदुपतिष्ठति। कश्चित्कर्मानुसृत्यान्यो न प्राप्यमधिगच्छति ॥१२-३१८-१३॥
aceṣṭamānam āsīnaṃ śrīḥ kañcid upatiṣṭhati। kaścit karmānusṛtya anyaḥ na prāpyam adhigacchati ॥12-318-13॥
[अचेष्टमानम् (aceṣṭamānam) - not-acting; moving; आसीनम् (āsīnam) - sitting; श्रीः (śrīḥ) - fortune; कञ्चित् (kañcit) - someone; उपतिष्ठति (upatiṣṭhati) - attends; approaches; कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; कर्म (karma) - action; अनुसृत्य (anusṛtya) - having followed; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; न (na) - not; प्राप्यम् (prāpyam) - that which is to be attained; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains; reaches;]
(Fortune attends someone sitting not-acting; another, having followed action, does not attain that which is to be attained.)
Fortune approaches someone who is sitting inactive, while another, even after following action, does not attain what is to be attained. (12-318-13)
अपराधं समाचक्ष्व पुरुषस्य स्वभावतः। शुक्रमन्यत्र सम्भूतं पुनरन्यत्र गच्छति ॥१२-३१८-१४॥
aparādhaṃ samācakṣva puruṣasya svabhāvataḥ। śukram anyatra sambhūtaṃ punar anyatra gacchati ॥12-318-14॥
[अपराधं (aparādham) - offence; error; समाचक्ष्व (samācakṣva) - declare; tell; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of the man; स्वभावतः (svabhāvataḥ) - by nature; शुक्रम् (śukram) - semen; seed; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; सम्भूतं (sambhūtam) - arisen; produced; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes; moves;]
(Declare the offence of the man by nature. The semen arisen elsewhere again goes elsewhere. (12-318-14))
State the natural offence of man. The semen that is produced in one place moves to another. (12-318-14)
तस्य योनौ प्रसक्तस्य गर्भो भवति वा न वा। आम्रपुष्पोपमा यस्य निवृत्तिरुपलभ्यते ॥१२-३१८-१५॥
tasya yonau prasaktasya garbho bhavati vā na vā। āmrapuṣpopamā yasya nivṛttirupalabhyate ॥12-318-15॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; योनौ (yonau) - in the womb; प्रसक्तस्य (prasaktasya) - attached; गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or; आम्रपुष्पोपमा (āmrapuṣpopamā) - like a mango blossom; यस्य (yasya) - whose; निवृत्तिः (nivṛttiḥ) - cessation; उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is obtained;]
(Of him, in the womb, of the attached, embryo becomes or not or. Like a mango blossom, whose cessation is obtained.)
For one who is attached in the womb, an embryo may or may not result. The cessation is like that of a mango blossom. (12-318-15)
केषाञ्चित्पुत्रकामानामनुसन्तानमिच्छताम्। सिद्धौ प्रयतमानानां नैवाण्डमुपजायते ॥१२-३१८-१६॥
keṣāñcit putrakāmānām anusantānam icchatām। siddhau prayatamānānām naiva āṇḍam upajāyate ॥12-318-16॥
[केषाञ्चित् (keṣāñcit) - of some; पुत्रकामानाम् (putrakāmānām) - of those desiring sons; अनुसन्तानम् (anusantānam) - further progeny; इच्छताम् (icchatām) - of those wishing; सिद्धौ (siddhau) - in accomplishment; प्रयतमानानाम् (prayatamānānām) - of those striving; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; आण्डम् (āṇḍam) - egg; उपजायते (upajāyate) - is produced;]
(Of some desiring sons, of those wishing for further progeny, for those striving in accomplishment, indeed, not an egg is produced.)
For some who desire sons and wish for further progeny, even though they strive for success, no egg is produced. (12-318-16)
गर्भाच्चोद्विजमानानां क्रुद्धादाशीविषादिव। आयुष्माञ्जायते पुत्रः कथं प्रेतः पितैव सः ॥१२-३१८-१७॥
garbhāc codvijamānānāṃ kruddhād āśīviṣād iva। āyuṣmāñ jāyate putraḥ kathaṃ pretaḥ pitaiva saḥ ॥12-318-17॥
[गर्भात् (garbhāt) - from the womb; च (ca) - and; उद्विजमानानां (udvijamānānām) - of those who are frightened; क्रुद्धात् (kruddhāt) - from the angry; आशीविषात् (āśīviṣāt) - from a venomous snake; इव (iva) - like; आयुष्मान् (āyuṣmān) - long-lived; जायते (jāyate) - is born; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; कथम् (katham) - how; प्रेतः (pretaḥ) - dead; पिता (pitā) - father; इव (iva) - like; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(From the womb and of those who are frightened, from the angry, like from a venomous snake; a long-lived son is born; how (can) he be dead like the father?)
Just as from the womb of those who are frightened or from the angry, as from a venomous snake, a long-lived son is born; how then can he be dead like his father? (12-318-17)
देवानिष्ट्वा तपस्तप्त्वा कृपणैः पुत्रगृद्धिभिः। दश मासान्परिधृता जायन्ते कुलपांसनाः ॥१२-३१८-१८॥
devāniṣṭvā tapastaptvā kṛpaṇaiḥ putragṛddhibhiḥ। daśa māsān paridhṛtā jāyante kulapāṁsanāḥ ॥12-318-18॥
[देवान् (devān) - gods; इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having worshipped; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed; कृपणैः (kṛpaṇaiḥ) - by the miserable; पुत्रगृद्धिभिः (putragṛddhibhiḥ) - by those greedy for sons; दश (daśa) - ten; मासान् (māsān) - months; परिधृता (paridhṛtā) - carried; जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born; कुलपांसनाः (kulapāṁsanāḥ) - disgraces of the family;]
(Having worshipped the gods, having performed austerity, by the miserable, by those greedy for sons, carried for ten months, are born the disgraces of the family.)
After worshipping the gods and performing austerities, the miserable, greedy for sons, bear for ten months and give birth to those who become the disgrace of the family. (12-318-18)
अपरे धनधान्यानि भोगांश्च पितृसञ्चितान्। विपुलानभिजायन्ते लब्धास्तैरेव मङ्गलैः ॥१२-३१८-१९॥
apare dhanadhānyāni bhogāṁś ca pitṛsañcitān। vipulān abhijāyante labdhās taireva maṅgalaiḥ ॥12-318-19॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; धन (dhana) - wealth; धान्यानि (dhānyāni) - grains; भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments; च (ca) - and; पितृसञ्चितान् (pitṛsañcitān) - accumulated by ancestors; विपुलान् (vipulān) - abundant; अभिजायन्ते (abhijāyante) - are born; लब्धाः (labdhāḥ) - obtained; तैः (taiḥ) - by those; एव (eva) - indeed; मङ्गलैः (maṅgalaiḥ) - by auspicious acts;]
(Others, wealth, grains, enjoyments and accumulated by ancestors, abundant, are born, obtained, by those, indeed, by auspicious acts.)
Others are born into abundant wealth, grains, enjoyments, and possessions accumulated by their ancestors, and these are obtained by them indeed through those auspicious acts. (12-318-19)
अन्योन्यं समभिप्रेत्य मैथुनस्य समागमे। उपद्रव इवाविष्टो योनिं गर्भः प्रपद्यते ॥१२-३१८-२०॥
anyonyaṃ samabhipretya maithunasya samāgame। upadrava ivāviṣṭo yoniṃ garbhaḥ prapadyate ॥12-318-20॥
[अन्योन्यं (anyonyaṃ) - each other; समभिप्रेत्य (samabhipretya) - having mutually approached; मैथुनस्य (maithunasya) - of union; समागमे (samāgame) - at the coming together; उपद्रव (upadrava) - disturbance; इव (iva) - like; आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - entered; योनिं (yoniṃ) - womb; गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo; प्रपद्यते (prapadyate) - attains;]
(Each other having mutually approached, at the union's coming together, like a disturbance entered, the embryo attains the womb.)
When both approach each other in union, the embryo, as if impelled by a disturbance, enters the womb. (12-318-20)
शीर्णं परशरीरेण निच्छवीकं शरीरिणम्। प्राणिनां प्राणसंरोधे मांसश्लेष्मविचेष्टितम् ॥१२-३१८-२१॥
śīrṇaṃ paraśarīreṇa nicchavīkaṃ śarīriṇam। prāṇināṃ prāṇasaṃrodhe māṃsaśleṣmaviceṣṭitam ॥12-318-21॥
[शीर्णम् (śīrṇam) - withered; परशरीरेण (paraśarīreṇa) - by another's body; निच्छवीकम् (nicchavīkam) - skinless; शरीरिणम् (śarīriṇam) - of the embodied; प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - of living beings; प्राणसंरोधे (prāṇasaṃrodhe) - at the restraint of breath; मांसश्लेष्मविचेष्टितम् (māṃsaśleṣmaviceṣṭitam) - moved by flesh and phlegm;]
(Withered by another's body, skinless, of the embodied; at the restraint of breath of living beings, moved by flesh and phlegm. (12-318-21))
Withered by another's body, the embodied becomes skinless; when the breath of living beings is restrained, only flesh and phlegm cause movement. (12-318-21)
निर्दग्धं परदेहेन परदेहं चलाचलम्। विनश्यन्तं विनाशान्ते नावि नावमिवाहितम् ॥१२-३१८-२२॥
nirdagdhaṃ paradehena paradehaṃ calācalam। vinaśyantaṃ vinaśānte nāvi nāvamivāhitam ॥12-318-22॥
[निर्दग्धं (nirdagdham) - completely burned; परदेहेन (paradehena) - by another body; परदेहं (paradeham) - another body; चलाचलम् (calācalam) - moving and unmoving; विनश्यन्तं (vinaśyantam) - perishing; विनाशान्ते (vināśānte) - at the end of destruction; नावि (nāvi) - on a boat; नावम् (nāvam) - boat; इव (iva) - like; आहितम् (āhitam) - placed;]
(Completely burned by another body, another body, moving and unmoving; perishing at the end of destruction, on a boat, a boat like placed.)
Just as a boat placed on another boat perishes at the end of destruction, so too, the moving and unmoving (world), burned by another body, perishes. (12-318-22)
सङ्गत्या जठरे न्यस्तं रेतोबिन्दुमचेतनम्। केन यत्नेन जीवन्तं गर्भं त्वमिह पश्यसि ॥१२-३१८-२३॥
saṅgatyā jaṭhare nyastaṃ retobindumacetanam। kena yatnena jīvantaṃ garbhaṃ tvamiha paśyasi ॥12-318-23॥
[सङ्गत्या (saṅgatyā) - by conjunction; जठरे (jaṭhare) - in the womb; न्यस्तं (nyastam) - placed; रेतोबिन्दुम् (retobindum) - drop of semen; अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious; केन (kena) - by what; यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort; जीवन्तं (jīvantam) - living; गर्भं (garbhaṃ) - embryo; त्वम् (tvam) - you; इह (iha) - here; पश्यसि (paśyasi) - see;]
(By conjunction in the womb placed drop of semen unconscious by what effort living embryo you here see)
By what effort do you see here a living embryo, which is an unconscious drop of semen placed in the womb by conjunction? (12-318-23)
अन्नपानानि जीर्यन्ते यत्र भक्षाश्च भक्षिताः। तस्मिन्नेवोदरे गर्भः किं नान्नमिव जीर्यते ॥१२-३१८-२४॥
annapānāni jīryante yatra bhakṣāś ca bhakṣitāḥ। tasminn evodare garbhaḥ kiṃ nānnam iva jīryate ॥12-318-24॥
[अन्नपानानि (annapānāni) - food and drinks; जीर्यन्ते (jīryante) - are digested; यत्र (yatra) - where; भक्षाः (bhakṣāḥ) - eaten things; च (ca) - and; भक्षिताः (bhakṣitāḥ) - that have been eaten; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; एव (eva) - indeed; उदरे (udare) - in the belly; गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo; किं (kiṃ) - why; न (na) - not; अन्नम् (annam) - food; इव (iva) - like; जीर्यते (jīryate) - is digested;]
(Food and drinks are digested where eaten things and those that have been eaten (are digested); in that very belly, why is the embryo not digested like food?)
Food and drinks are digested in the place where all that is eaten is digested; so why is it that, in that very belly, the embryo is not digested like food? (12-318-24)
गर्भमूत्रपुरीषाणां स्वभावनियता गतिः। धारणे वा विसर्गे वा न कर्तुर्विद्यते वशः ॥१२-३१८-२५॥
garbhamūtrapurīṣāṇāṃ svabhāvaniyatā gatiḥ। dhāraṇe vā visarge vā na karturvidyate vaśaḥ ॥12-318-25॥
[गर्भ (garbha) - womb; embryo; मूत्र (mūtra) - urine; पुरीषाणां (purīṣāṇāṃ) - of feces; स्वभाव (svabhāva) - own-nature; नियता (niyatā) - determined; गतिः (gatiḥ) - movement; धारणे (dhāraṇe) - in retention; वा (vā) - or; विसर्गे (visarge) - in release; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; कर्तुः (kartuḥ) - of the doer; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; वशः (vaśaḥ) - control;]
(The movement of womb, urine, and feces is determined by their own nature; in retention or in release, there is not control of the doer.)
The movement of the womb, urine, and feces is governed by their own nature; whether in retention or release, the person has no control over them. (12-318-25)
स्रवन्ति ह्युदराद्गर्भा जायमानास्तथापरे। आगमेन सहान्येषां विनाश उपपद्यते ॥१२-३१८-२६॥
sravanti hyudarād garbhā jāyamānās tathāpare। āgamena sahānyeṣāṃ vināśa upapadyate ॥12-318-26॥
[स्रवन्ति (sravanti) - flow; हि (hi) - indeed; उदरात् (udarāt) - from the belly; गर्भाः (garbhāḥ) - embryos; जायमानाः (jāyamānāḥ) - being born; तथा (tathā) - thus; अपरे (apare) - others; आगमेन (āgamena) - by arrival; सह (saha) - together; अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others; विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction; उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - arises;]
(Embryos indeed flow from the belly, being born; thus others, by arrival together with others, destruction arises.)
Indeed, embryos flow from the belly as they are born; likewise, for others, destruction arises together with their arrival. (12-318-26)
एतस्माद्योनिसम्बन्धाद्यो जीवन्परिमुच्यते। प्रजां च लभते काञ्चित्पुनर्द्वंद्वेषु मज्जति ॥१२-३१८-२७॥
etasmādyonisaṃbandhād yo jīvan parimucyate। prajāṃ ca labhate kāñcit punar dvandveṣu majjati ॥12-318-27॥
[एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this; योनि (yoni) - source; सम्बन्धात् (saṃbandhāt) - from connection; यः (yaḥ) - who; जीवन् (jīvan) - living; परिमुच्यते (parimucyate) - is completely freed; प्रजाम् (prajām) - offspring; च (ca) - and; लभते (labhate) - obtains; काञ्चित् (kāñcit) - some; पुनः (punar) - again; द्वंद्वेषु (dvandveṣu) - in dualities; मज्जति (majjati) - sinks;]
(From this source connection who living is completely freed, offspring and obtains some, again in dualities sinks.)
Whoever, while living, is freed from this connection with the source, obtains some offspring, but again sinks into dualities. (12-318-27)
शतस्य सहजातस्य सप्तमीं दशमीं दशाम्। प्राप्नुवन्ति ततः पञ्च न भवन्ति शतायुषः ॥१२-३१८-२८॥
śatasya sahajātasya saptamīṃ daśamīṃ daśām। prāpnuvanti tataḥ pañca na bhavanti śatāyuṣaḥ ॥12-318-28॥
[शतस्य (śatasya) - of a hundred; सहजातस्य (sahajātasya) - born together; सप्तमीं (saptamīṃ) - seventh; दशमीं (daśamīṃ) - tenth; दशाम् (daśām) - state; प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - attain; ततः (tataḥ) - from that; पञ्च (pañca) - five; न (na) - not; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; शतायुषः (śatāyuṣaḥ) - those of hundred years of life;]
(Of a hundred born together, the seventh, tenth state they attain; from that, five do not become those of hundred years of life.)
Of a hundred born together, the seventh and tenth stages are attained; after that, five do not become those who live a hundred years. (12-318-28)
नाभ्युत्थाने मनुष्याणां योगाः स्युर्नात्र संशयः। व्याधिभिश्च विमथ्यन्ते व्यालैः क्षुद्रमृगा इव ॥१२-३१८-२९॥
nābhyutthāne manuṣyāṇāṃ yogāḥ syurnātra saṃśayaḥ। vyādhibhiśca vimathyante vyālaiḥ kṣudramṛgā iva ॥12-318-29॥
[न (na) - not; अभ्युत्थाने (abhyutthāne) - in rising up; in effort; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; of human beings; योगाः (yogāḥ) - successes; attainments; स्युः (syuḥ) - would be; may be; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; in this; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases; च (ca) - and; विमथ्यन्ते (vimathyante) - are tormented; are afflicted; व्यालैः (vyālaiḥ) - by serpents; by wild beasts; क्षुद्रमृगाः (kṣudramṛgāḥ) - small animals; little creatures; इव (iva) - like; as;]
(Not in rising up of men are successes; here is no doubt. By diseases and are tormented by serpents like small animals.)
Success is not attained by men without effort; there is no doubt about this. Just as small animals are tormented by serpents and diseases, so too are people without effort. (12-318-29)
व्याधिभिर्भक्ष्यमाणानां त्यजतां विपुलं धनम्। वेदनां नापकर्षन्ति यतमानाश्चिकित्सकाः ॥१२-३१८-३०॥
vyādhibhirbhakṣyamāṇānāṃ tyajatāṃ vipulaṃ dhanam। vedanāṃ nāpakarṣanti yatamānāścikitsakāḥ ॥12-318-30॥
[व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases; भक्ष्यमाणानां (bhakṣyamāṇānāṃ) - of those being consumed; त्यजतां (tyajatām) - of those abandoning; विपुलं (vipulam) - abundant; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; वेदनां (vedanām) - pain; न (na) - not; अपकर्षन्ति (apakarṣanti) - remove; यतमानाः (yatamānāḥ) - striving; चिकित्सकाः (cikitsakāḥ) - physicians;]
(By diseases of those being consumed, of those abandoning abundant wealth, pain not remove striving physicians.)
Physicians, even though striving, do not remove the pain of those being consumed by diseases and abandoning abundant wealth. (12-318-30)
ते चापि निपुणा वैद्याः कुशलाः सम्भृतौषधाः। व्याधिभिः परिकृष्यन्ते मृगा व्याधैरिवार्दिताः ॥१२-३१८-३१॥
te cāpi nipuṇā vaidyāḥ kuśalāḥ sambhṛtauṣadhāḥ। vyādhibhiḥ parikṛṣyante mṛgā vyādhairivārditāḥ ॥12-318-31॥
[ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; निपुणाः (nipuṇāḥ) - skilled; वैद्याः (vaidyāḥ) - physicians; कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - expert; सम्भृत (sambhṛta) - well-collected; औषधाः (auṣadhāḥ) - medicines; व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases; परिकृष्यन्ते (parikṛṣyante) - are afflicted; मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer; व्याधैः (vyādhaiḥ) - by hunters; इव (iva) - like; आर्दिताः (ārditāḥ) - tormented;]
(They and also skilled physicians expert well-collected medicines by diseases are afflicted deer by hunters like tormented.)
Even those skilled physicians, expert and possessing well-collected medicines, are afflicted by diseases, just as deer are tormented by hunters. (12-318-31)
ते पिबन्तः कषायांश्च सर्पींषि विविधानि च। दृश्यन्ते जरया भग्ना नागा नागैरिवोत्तमैः ॥१२-३१८-३२॥
te pibantaḥ kaṣāyāṁś ca sarpīṁṣi vividhāni ca। dṛśyante jarayā bhagnā nāgā nāgair ivottamaiḥ ॥12-318-32॥
[ते (te) - they; पिबन्तः (pibantaḥ) - drinking; कषायान् (kaṣāyān) - astringent decoctions; च (ca) - and; सर्पींषि (sarpīṁṣi) - clarified butters; विविधानि (vividhāni) - various; च (ca) - and; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; जरया (jarayā) - by old age; भग्नाः (bhagnāḥ) - broken; नागाः (nāgāḥ) - elephants; नागैः (nāgaiḥ) - by elephants; इव (iva) - like; उत्तमैः (uttamaiḥ) - by the best;]
(They drinking astringent decoctions and clarified butters various and are seen by old age broken elephants by elephants like by the best.)
They, drinking various astringent decoctions and clarified butters, are seen broken by old age, like elephants broken by the best of elephants. (12-318-32)
के वा भुवि चिकित्सन्ते रोगार्तान्मृगपक्षिणः। श्वापदानि दरिद्रांश्च प्रायो नार्ता भवन्ति ते ॥१२-३१८-३३॥
ke vā bhuvi cikitsante rogārtān mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ। śvāpadāni daridrāṁś ca prāyo nārtā bhavanti te ॥12-318-33॥
[के (ke) - who; (plural); वा (vā) - or; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; चिकित्सन्ते (cikitsante) - treat; (they); रोगार्तान् (rogārtān) - diseased; afflicted; मृगपक्षिणः (mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ) - beasts and birds; श्वापदानि (śvāpadāni) - wild animals; दरिद्रान् (daridrān) - the poor; च (ca) - and; प्रायः (prāyaḥ) - generally; mostly; न (na) - not; अर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - afflicted; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are; become; ते (te) - they;]
(Who or on earth treat (they) diseased afflicted; beasts and birds; wild animals; the poor; and; generally; not; afflicted; are; they; (12-318-33))
Who on earth treats the diseased, the afflicted, the beasts and birds, wild animals, and the poor? Generally, they are not cared for when afflicted. (12-318-33)
घोरानपि दुराधर्षान्नृपतीनुग्रतेजसः। आक्रम्य रोग आदत्ते पशून्पशुपचो यथा ॥१२-३१८-३४॥
ghorān api durādharṣān nṛpatīn ugratejasaḥ। ākrāmya roga ādattē paśūn paśupacaḥ yathā ॥12-318-34॥
[घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible; अपि (api) - even; दुराधर्षान् (durādharṣān) - difficult to overcome; नृपतीन् (nṛpatīn) - kings; उग्रतेजसः (ugratejasaḥ) - of fierce energy; आक्रम्य (ākrāmya) - having attacked; रोगः (rogaḥ) - disease; आदत्ते (ādattē) - seizes; पशून् (paśūn) - animals; पशुपचः (paśupacaḥ) - butcher; यथा (yathā) - just as;]
(Even terrible, difficult to overcome kings of fierce energy, having attacked, disease seizes, animals just as a butcher.)
Just as a butcher seizes animals, so too does disease attack and seize even terrible, unconquerable kings of fierce energy. (12-318-34)
इति लोकमनाक्रन्दं मोहशोकपरिप्लुतम्। स्रोतसा सहसा क्षिप्तं ह्रियमाणं बलीयसा ॥१२-३१८-३५॥
iti lokamanākrandaṃ mohaśokapariplutam। srotasā sahasā kṣiptaṃ hriyamāṇaṃ balīyasā ॥12-318-35॥
[इति (iti) - thus; लोकम् (lokam) - world; अनाक्रन्दम् (anākrandam) - not crying out; मोहशोकपरिप्लुतम् (mohaśokapariplutam) - overwhelmed by delusion and grief; स्रोतसा (srotasā) - by the current; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; क्षिप्तम् (kṣiptam) - thrown; ह्रियमाणम् (hriyamāṇam) - being carried away; बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger;]
(Thus, the world, not crying out, overwhelmed by delusion and grief, by the current, suddenly thrown, being carried away by the stronger.)
Thus, the world, without a cry, overwhelmed by delusion and grief, was suddenly thrown and carried away by the stronger current. (12-318-35)
न धनेन न राज्येन नोग्रेण तपसा तथा। स्वभावा व्यतिवर्तन्ते ये नियुक्ताः शरीरिषु ॥१२-३१८-३६॥
na dhanena na rājyena na ogreṇa tapasā tathā। svabhāvā vyativartante ye niyuktāḥ śarīriṣu ॥12-318-36॥
[न (na) - not; धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth; न (na) - not; राज्येन (rājyena) - by sovereignty; न (na) - not; उग्रेण (ogreṇa) - by severe; तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity; तथा (tathā) - thus; स्वभावाः (svabhāvāḥ) - natures; व्यतिवर्तन्ते (vyativartante) - transcend; ये (ye) - who; नियुक्ताः (niyuktāḥ) - appointed; शरीरिषु (śarīriṣu) - in bodies;]
(Not by wealth, not by sovereignty, not by severe austerity thus; natures transcend who appointed in bodies.)
The inherent natures of those who are embodied and appointed cannot be transcended by wealth, sovereignty, or even severe austerity. (12-318-36)
न म्रियेरन्न जीर्येरन्सर्वे स्युः सर्वकामिकाः। नाप्रियं प्रतिपश्येयुरुत्थानस्य फलं प्रति ॥१२-३१८-३७॥
na mriyeranna jīryeransarve syuḥ sarvakāmikāḥ। nāpriyaṃ pratipaśyeyurutthānasya phalaṃ prati ॥12-318-37॥
[न (na) - not; म्रियेरन् (mriyeran) - would die; न (na) - not; जीर्येरन् (jīryeran) - would decay; सर्वे (sarve) - all; स्युः (syuḥ) - would be; सर्वकामिकाः (sarvakāmikāḥ) - possessing all desires; न (na) - not; अप्रियं (apriyaṃ) - unpleasant; प्रतिपश्येयुः (pratipaśyeyuḥ) - would see; उत्थानस्य (utthānasya) - of effort; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; प्रति (prati) - regarding;]
(Not would die, not would decay, all would be possessing all desires; not unpleasant would see regarding the fruit of effort.)
No one would die or decay; all would have all their desires fulfilled. No one would see anything unpleasant as a result of their efforts. (12-318-37)
उपर्युपरि लोकस्य सर्वो भवितुमिच्छति। यतते च यथाशक्ति न च तद्वर्तते तथा ॥१२-३१८-३८॥
uparyupari lokasya sarvo bhavitumicchati। yatate ca yathāśakti na ca tadvartate tathā ॥12-318-38॥
[उपर्युपरि (uparyupari) - higher and higher; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world; सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - everyone; भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to become; इच्छति (icchati) - desires; यतते (yatate) - strives; च (ca) - and; यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to ability; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तद्वर्तते (tadvartate) - that happens; तथा (tathā) - so;]
(Higher and higher of the world everyone to become desires. Strives and according to ability not and that happens so (12-318-38))
Everyone in the world desires to rise higher and higher. Each strives according to their ability, but it does not always happen so. (12-318-38)
ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तांश्च मत्तान्मद्यमदेन च। अप्रमत्ताः शठाः क्रूरा विक्रान्ताः पर्युपासते ॥१२-३१८-३९॥
aiśvaryamadamattām̐ś ca mattān madyamadena ca. apramattāḥ śaṭhāḥ krūrā vikrāntāḥ paryupāsate ॥12-318-39॥
[ऐश्वर्य (aiśvarya) - sovereignty; मद (mada) - pride; मत्तान् (mattān) - intoxicated ones; च (ca) - and; मत्तान् (mattān) - intoxicated ones; मद्य (madya) - liquor; मदेन (madena) - by the pride; च (ca) - and; अप्रमत्ताः (apramattāḥ) - not careless; शठाः (śaṭhāḥ) - deceitful; क्रूराः (krūrāḥ) - cruel; विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - powerful; पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - attend upon;]
(And those intoxicated by the pride of sovereignty and those intoxicated by liquor, not careless, deceitful, cruel, powerful, attend upon (them).)
Those who are intoxicated by the pride of sovereignty and those intoxicated by liquor, who are vigilant, deceitful, cruel, and powerful, attend upon them. (12-318-39)
क्लेशाः प्रतिनिवर्तन्ते केषाञ्चिदसमीक्षिताः। स्वं स्वं च पुनरन्येषां न किञ्चिदभिगम्यते ॥१२-३१८-४०॥
kleśāḥ pratinivartante keṣāñcidasamīkṣitāḥ। svaṃ svaṃ ca punaranyeṣāṃ na kiñcidabhigamyate ॥12-318-40॥
[क्लेशाः (kleśāḥ) - afflictions; प्रतिनिवर्तन्ते (pratinivartante) - return back; केषाञ्चित् (keṣāñcit) - of some; असमीक्षिताः (asamīkṣitāḥ) - not considered; स्वं (svaṃ) - one's own; स्वं (svaṃ) - one's own; च (ca) - and; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others; न (na) - not; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; अभिगम्यते (abhigamyate) - is attained;]
(Afflictions return back for some not considered; one's own, one's own and again of others, not anything is attained.)
Afflictions return for some who are not careful; each attains only their own, and nothing of others is ever gained. (12-318-40)
महच्च फलवैषम्यं दृश्यते कर्मसन्धिषु। वहन्ति शिबिकामन्ये यान्त्यन्ये शिबिकागताः ॥१२-३१८-४१॥
mahacca phalavaiṣamyaṃ dṛśyate karmasandhiṣu। vahanti śibikām anye yānti anye śibikāgatāḥ ॥12-318-41॥
[महत् (mahat) - great; च (ca) - and; फलवैषम्यम् (phalavaiṣamyam) - inequality of result; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; कर्मसन्धिषु (karmasandhiṣu) - in the conjunctions of actions; वहन्ति (vahanti) - carry; शिबिकाम् (śibikām) - palanquin; अन्ये (anye) - others; यान्ति (yānti) - go; अन्ये (anye) - others; शिबिकागताः (śibikāgatāḥ) - seated in the palanquin;]
(And great inequality of result is seen in the conjunctions of actions; others carry the palanquin, others go seated in the palanquin.)
A great inequality of results is seen in the course of actions: some people carry the palanquin, while others ride in it. (12-318-41)
सर्वेषामृद्धिकामानामन्ये रथपुरःसराः। मनुजाश्च शतस्त्रीकाः शतशो विधवाः स्त्रियः ॥१२-३१८-४२॥
sarveṣām ṛddhi-kāmānām anye ratha-puraḥ-sarāḥ। manujāś ca śata-strīkāḥ śataśo vidhavāḥ striyaḥ ॥12-318-42॥
[सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; ऋद्धिकामानाम् (ṛddhi-kāmānām) - of those desiring prosperity; अन्ये (anye) - others; रथपुरःसराः (ratha-puraḥ-sarāḥ) - chariot-leaders; मनुजाः (manujāḥ) - men; च (ca) - and; शतस्त्रीकाः (śata-strīkāḥ) - having hundreds of wives; शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds; विधवाः (vidhavāḥ) - widows; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women;]
(Of all those desiring prosperity, others (were) chariot-leaders; and men having hundreds of wives, by hundreds (there were) widows, women.)
Among all those who desired prosperity, there were others who led chariots; and among men with hundreds of wives, there were hundreds of widowed women. (12-318-42)
द्वंद्वारामेषु भूतेषु गच्छन्त्येकैकशो नराः। इदमन्यत्परं पश्य मात्र मोहं करिष्यसि ॥१२-३१८-४३॥
dvandvārāmeṣu bhūteṣu gacchantyekaikaśo narāḥ। idamanyatparaṃ paśya mātra mohaṃ kariṣyasi ॥12-318-43॥
[द्वंद्व (dvandva) - duality; आरामेषु (ārāmeṣu) - in the pleasures; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings; गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - go; एकैकशः (ekaikaśaḥ) - one by one; नराः (narāḥ) - men; इदम् (idam) - this; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; परम् (param) - supreme; पश्य (paśya) - see; मात्र (mātra) - only; मोहम् (moham) - delusion; करिष्यसि (kariṣyasi) - you will do;]
(Men go one by one among beings who delight in duality. See this other supreme, you will only create delusion.)
Men pass one by one among beings who delight in duality. See this other supreme; you will only create delusion. (12-318-43)
त्यज धर्ममधर्मं च उभे सत्यानृते त्यज। उभे सत्यानृते त्यक्त्वा येन त्यजसि तं त्यज ॥१२-३१८-४४॥
tyaja dharmam adharmam ca ubhe satyānṛte tyaja। ubhe satyānṛte tyaktvā yena tyajasi taṃ tyaja ॥12-318-44॥
[त्यज (tyaja) - abandon; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness; च (ca) - and; उभे (ubhe) - both; सत्य-अनृते (satya-anṛte) - truth and untruth; त्यज (tyaja) - abandon; उभे (ubhe) - both; सत्य-अनृते (satya-anṛte) - truth and untruth; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; येन (yena) - by which; त्यजसि (tyajasi) - you abandon; तं (taṃ) - that; त्यज (tyaja) - abandon;]
(Abandon righteousness, unrighteousness, and abandon both truth and untruth. Having abandoned both truth and untruth, abandon that by which you abandon.)
Abandon both righteousness and unrighteousness, and abandon both truth and untruth. Having given up both truth and untruth, also abandon that by which you abandon them. (12-318-44)
एतत्ते परमं गुह्यमाख्यातमृषिसत्तम। येन देवाः परित्यज्य मर्त्यलोकं दिवं गताः ॥१२-३१८-४५॥
etat te paramaṃ guhyam ākhyātam ṛṣisattama। yena devāḥ parityajya martyalokaṃ divaṃ gatāḥ ॥12-318-45॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; ते (te) - to you; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret; आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been declared; ऋषिसत्तम (ṛṣisattama) - O best of sages; येन (yena) - by which; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned; मर्त्यलोकम् (martyalokam) - the world of mortals; दिवम् (divam) - heaven; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone;]
(This to you the supreme secret has been declared, O best of sages; by which the gods, having abandoned the world of mortals, have gone to heaven.)
O best of sages, this supreme secret has been revealed to you, by which the gods, having left the mortal world, ascended to heaven. (12-318-45)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
नारदस्य वचः श्रुत्वा शुकः परमबुद्धिमान्। सञ्चिन्त्य मनसा धीरो निश्चयं नाध्यगच्छत ॥१२-३१८-४६॥
nāradasya vacaḥ śrutvā śukaḥ paramabuddhimān। sañcintya manasā dhīraḥ niścayaṃ nādhyagacchat ॥12-318-46॥
[नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Nārada; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka; परमबुद्धिमान् (paramabuddhimān) - supremely wise; सञ्चिन्त्य (sañcintya) - having considered; मनसा (manasā) - with (his) mind; धीरो (dhīraḥ) - the steadfast one; निश्चयम् (niścayam) - certainty; न (na) - not; अध्यगच्छत् (adhyagacchat) - attained;]
(Having heard the speech of Nārada, Śuka, supremely wise, having considered with (his) mind, the steadfast one did not attain certainty.)
After hearing Nārada's words, the supremely wise Śuka, having reflected deeply, could not arrive at a definite conclusion. (12-318-46)
पुत्रदारैर्महान्क्लेशो विद्याम्नाये महाञ्श्रमः। किं नु स्याच्छाश्वतं स्थानमल्पक्लेशं महोदयम् ॥१२-३१८-४७॥
putradārair mahān kleśo vidyāmnāye mahāñ śramaḥ। kiṃ nu syāc chāśvataṃ sthānam alpakleśaṃ mahodayam ॥12-318-47॥
[पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by sons and wives; महान् (mahān) - great; क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - affliction; विद्याम्नाये (vidyāmnāye) - in pursuit of knowledge; महान् (mahān) - great; श्रमः (śramaḥ) - effort; किम् (kim) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; स्यात् (syāt) - might be; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal; स्थानम् (sthānam) - place; अल्पक्लेशम् (alpakleśam) - with little affliction; महोदयम् (mahodayam) - of great rise;]
(By sons and wives, great affliction; in pursuit of knowledge, great effort. What indeed might be an eternal place with little affliction, of great rise? (12-318-47))
Sons and wives bring great affliction; the pursuit of knowledge requires great effort. Is there, indeed, any eternal place that brings great benefit with little affliction? (12-318-47)
ततो मुहूर्तं सञ्चिन्त्य निश्चितां गतिमात्मनः। परावरज्ञो धर्मस्य परां नैःश्रेयसीं गतिम् ॥१२-३१८-४८॥
tato muhūrtaṃ sañcintya niścitāṃ gatim ātmanaḥ। parāvarajño dharmasya parāṃ naiḥśreyasīṃ gatim ॥12-318-48॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment; सञ्चिन्त्य (sañcintya) - having considered; निश्चिताम् (niścitām) - determined; गतिम् (gatim) - path; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self; परावरज्ञः (parāvarajñaḥ) - knower of the higher and lower; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; पराम् (parām) - supreme; नैःश्रेयसीम् (naiḥśreyasīm) - leading to the highest good; गतिम् (gatim) - path;]
(Then, having considered for a moment the determined path of the self, the knower of the higher and lower (realms), of dharma, (chose) the supreme path leading to the highest good.)
Then, after pondering for a moment upon the determined path of the self, the one who knows the higher and lower aspects of dharma chose the supreme path leading to the highest good. (12-318-48)
कथं त्वहमसङ्क्लिष्टो गच्छेयं परमां गतिम्। नावर्तेयं यथा भूयो योनिसंसारसागरे ॥१२-३१८-४९॥
kathaṁ tv aham asaṅkliṣṭo gaccheyaṁ paramāṁ gatim। nāvarteyaṁ yathā bhūyo yonisaṁsārasāgare ॥12-318-49॥
[कथं (kathaṁ) - how; त्व (tv) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; असङ्क्लिष्टः (asaṅkliṣṭaḥ) - untainted; गच्छेयं (gaccheyaṁ) - may go; परमाम् (paramām) - supreme; गतिम् (gatim) - state; न (na) - not; आवर्तेयं (āvartheyaṁ) - may return; यथा (yathā) - so that; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; योनि (yoni) - womb; संसार (saṁsāra) - cycle of existence; सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean;]
(How indeed I, untainted, may go to the supreme state; not may I return so that again in the ocean of the cycle of existence of wombs.)
How can I, remaining untainted, attain the supreme state so that I do not return again to the ocean of the cycle of birth and existence? (12-318-49)
परं भावं हि काङ्क्षामि यत्र नावर्तते पुनः। सर्वसङ्गान्परित्यज्य निश्चितां मनसो गतिम् ॥१२-३१८-५०॥
paraṃ bhāvaṃ hi kāṅkṣāmi yatra nāvartate punaḥ। sarvasaṅgān parityajya niścitāṃ manaso gatim ॥12-318-50॥
[परम् (param) - supreme; highest; भावम् (bhāvam) - state; existence; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; काङ्क्षामि (kāṅkṣāmi) - I desire; I wish; यत्र (yatra) - where; न (na) - not; आवर्तते (āvartate) - returns; comes back; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; सर्वसङ्गान् (sarvasaṅgān) - all attachments; परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned; having given up; निश्चिताम् (niścitām) - determined; certain; मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind; गतिम् (gatim) - path; course;]
(I indeed desire the supreme state where one does not return again, having abandoned all attachments, the determined path of the mind.)
I truly seek the highest state, where there is no return, having given up all attachments and following the mind's certain path. (12-318-50)
तत्र यास्यामि यत्रात्मा शमं मेऽधिगमिष्यति। अक्षयश्चाव्ययश्चैव यत्र स्थास्यामि शाश्वतः ॥१२-३१८-५१॥
tatra yāsyāmi yatrātmā śamaṃ me'dhigamiṣyati। akṣayaś cāvyayaś caiva yatra sthāsyāmi śāśvataḥ ॥12-318-51॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go; यत्र (yatra) - where; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; शमं (śamam) - peace; मे (me) - my; अधिगमिष्यति (adhigamiṣyati) - will attain; अक्षयः (akṣayaḥ) - imperishable; च (ca) - and; अव्ययः (avyayaḥ) - unchanging; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; यत्र (yatra) - where; स्थास्यामि (sthāsyāmi) - I shall remain; शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal;]
(There I shall go where my self will attain peace; imperishable and unchanging indeed, where I shall remain eternal.)
I will go there where my soul attains peace; where I will remain eternally, imperishable and unchanging. (12-318-51)
न तु योगमृते शक्या प्राप्तुं सा परमा गतिः। अवबन्धो हि मुक्तस्य कर्मभिर्नोपपद्यते ॥१२-३१८-५२॥
na tu yogamṛte śakyā prāptuṃ sā paramā gatiḥ। avabandho hi muktasya karmabhirnopapadyate ॥12-318-52॥
[न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; योगमृते (yogamṛte) - without yoga; शक्या (śakyā) - possible; प्राप्तुं (prāptuṃ) - to attain; सा (sā) - that; परमा (paramā) - supreme; गतिः (gatiḥ) - state; अवबन्धः (avabandhaḥ) - bondage; हि (hi) - indeed; मुक्तस्य (muktasya) - of the liberated; कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions; न (na) - not; उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - arises;]
(But not without yoga is it possible to attain that supreme state. Indeed, bondage by actions does not arise for the liberated. (12-318-52))
But that supreme state cannot be attained without yoga. For the liberated, bondage by actions does not arise. (12-318-52)
तस्माद्योगं समास्थाय त्यक्त्वा गृहकलेवरम्। वायुभूतः प्रवेक्ष्यामि तेजोराशिं दिवाकरम् ॥१२-३१८-५३॥
tasmādyogaṃ samāsthāya tyaktvā gṛhakalevaram। vāyubhūtaḥ pravekṣyāmi tejorāśiṃ divākaram ॥12-318-53॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; from that; योगम् (yogam) - union; discipline; समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having resorted to; having established; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; having left; गृहकलेवरम् (gṛhakalevaram) - house-body; bodily form as a house; वायुभूतः (vāyubhūtaḥ) - having become air; having assumed the form of air; प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I shall enter; I will go into; तेजोराशिम् (tejorāśim) - mass of light; heap of brilliance; दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - sun; maker of the day;]
(Therefore, having resorted to union, having abandoned the house-body, having become air, I shall enter the mass of light, the sun.)
Therefore, having established myself in yoga and having left this bodily house, I will assume the form of air and enter the radiant mass of the sun. (12-318-53)
न ह्येष क्षयमाप्नोति सोमः सुरगणैर्यथा। कम्पितः पतते भूमिं पुनश्चैवाधिरोहति ॥ क्षीयते हि सदा सोमः पुनश्चैवाभिपूर्यते ॥१२-३१८-५४॥
na hy eṣa kṣayam āpnoti somaḥ suragaṇair yathā। kampitaḥ patate bhūmiṃ punaś caiva adhirohati ॥ kṣīyate hi sadā somaḥ punaś caiva abhipūryate ॥12-318-54॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction; आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains; सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (the Moon); सुरगणैः (suragaṇaiḥ) - by the groups of gods; यथा (yathā) - as; कम्पितः (kampitaḥ) - shaken; पतते (patate) - falls; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the earth; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अधिरोहति (adhirohati) - ascends; क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - wanes; हि (hi) - indeed; सदा (sadā) - always; सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (the Moon); पुनः (punaḥ) - again; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अभिपूर्यते (abhipūryate) - is filled up;]
(Not indeed does this Soma attain destruction by the groups of gods as; shaken, he falls to the earth, again and indeed ascends. Indeed always Soma wanes, again and indeed is filled up. (12-318-54))
This Soma does not truly perish as the gods might cause; though shaken and fallen to earth, he rises again. The Moon is always waning, yet again and again he is filled anew. (12-318-54)
रविस्तु सन्तापयति लोकान्रश्मिभिरुल्बणैः। सर्वतस्तेज आदत्ते नित्यमक्षयमण्डलः ॥१२-३१८-५५॥
ravis tu santāpayati lokān raśmibhir ulbaṇaiḥ। sarvatas teja ādattē nityam akṣaya-maṇḍalaḥ ॥12-318-55॥
[रविः (raviḥ) - the sun; तु (tu) - but; सन्तापयति (santāpayati) - he heats; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - with rays; उल्बणैः (ulbaṇaiḥ) - powerful; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides; तेजः (tejaḥ) - energy; आदत्ते (ādattē) - he takes; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अक्षयमण्डलः (akṣaya-maṇḍalaḥ) - imperishable orb;]
(The sun but heats the worlds with powerful rays; from all sides energy he takes, always the imperishable orb.)
But the sun heats the worlds with his powerful rays; the imperishable orb always draws energy from all directions. (12-318-55)
अतो मे रोचते गन्तुमादित्यं दीप्ततेजसम्। अत्र वत्स्यामि दुर्धर्षो निःसङ्गेनान्तरात्मना ॥१२-३१८-५६॥
ato me rocate gantum ādityaṃ dīptatejasam। atra vatsyāmi durdharṣo niḥsaṅgenāntarātmanā ॥12-318-56॥
[अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; from this; मे (me) - to me; for me; रोचते (rocate) - pleases; is agreeable; गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go; to proceed; आदित्यम् (ādityam) - to the Sun; to Āditya; दीप्ततेजसम् (dīptatejasam) - of blazing splendor; of shining energy; अत्र (atra) - here; in this place; वत्स्यामि (vatsyāmi) - I shall stay; I will remain; दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - unassailable; unconquerable; निःसङ्गेन (niḥsaṅgena) - with detachment; without attachment; अन्तरात्मना (antarātmanā) - with the inner self; by the inner soul;]
(Therefore, to me it is agreeable to go to the Sun of blazing splendor. Here I shall stay, unassailable, with detachment and with the inner self. (12-318-56))
Therefore, I wish to go to the Sun, who is of blazing splendor. Here, I shall remain unassailable, with detachment and with my inner self. (12-318-56)
सूर्यस्य सदने चाहं निक्षिप्येदं कलेवरम्। ऋषिभिः सह यास्यामि सौरं तेजोऽतिदुःसहम् ॥१२-३१८-५७॥
sūryasya sadane cāhaṃ nikṣipyedaṃ kalevaram। ṛṣibhiḥ saha yāsyāmi sauraṃ tejo'tiduḥsaham ॥12-318-57॥
[सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun; सदने (sadane) - in the abode; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; निक्षिप्य (nikṣipya) - having deposited; इदं (idaṃ) - this; कलेवरम् (kalevaram) - body; ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - with the sages; सह (saha) - together; यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go; सौरम् (sauram) - solar; तेजः (tejaḥ) - radiance; अतिदुःसहम् (atiduḥsaham) - extremely unbearable;]
(In the abode of the sun and I, having deposited this body, together with the sages, shall go to the solar radiance extremely unbearable.)
In the abode of the sun, having left this body, I shall go together with the sages to the solar radiance that is extremely unbearable. (12-318-57)
आपृच्छामि नगान्नागान्गिरीनुर्वीं दिशो दिवम्। देवदानवगन्धर्वान्पिशाचोरगराक्षसान् ॥१२-३१८-५८॥
āpṛcchāmi nagān nāgān girīn urvīṃ diśo divam। devadānavagandharvān piśācoragarākṣasān ॥12-318-58॥
[आपृच्छामि (āpṛcchāmi) - I take leave of; I bid farewell to; नगान् (nagān) - mountains; नागान् (nāgān) - serpents; गिरीन् (girīn) - mountains; उर्वीं (urvīṃ) - earth; दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions; दिवम् (divam) - heaven; देवदानवगन्धर्वान् (devadānavagandharvān) - gods, demons, gandharvas; पिशाच (piśāca) - piśācas (flesh-eating spirits); उरग (uraga) - serpents; राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - rākṣasas (demons);]
(I take leave of mountains, serpents, mountains, earth, directions, heaven, gods, demons, gandharvas, piśācas, serpents, rākṣasas.)
I bid farewell to the mountains, serpents, earth, the directions, the heavens, the gods, demons, gandharvas, piśācas, serpents, and rākṣasas. (12-318-58)
लोकेषु सर्वभूतानि प्रवेक्ष्यामि नसंशयः। पश्यन्तु योगवीर्यं मे सर्वे देवाः सहर्षिभिः ॥१२-३१८-५९॥
lokeṣu sarvabhūtāni pravekṣyāmi nasaṁśayaḥ। paśyantu yogavīryaṁ me sarve devāḥ saharṣibhiḥ ॥12-318-59॥
[लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds; सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; प्रवेक्ष्यामि (pravekṣyāmi) - I shall enter; नसंशयः (nasaṁśayaḥ) - without doubt; पश्यन्तु (paśyantu) - let them see; योगवीर्यं (yogavīryam) - the power of yoga; मे (me) - my; सर्वे (sarve) - all; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; सहर्षिभिः (saharṣibhiḥ) - together with the sages;]
(In the worlds all beings I shall enter without doubt; let them see the power of yoga my all gods together with the sages; (12-318-59))
Without doubt, I shall enter all beings in the worlds; let all the gods together with the sages witness my power of yoga. (12-318-59)
अथानुज्ञाप्य तमृषिं नारदं लोकविश्रुतम्। तस्मादनुज्ञां सम्प्राप्य जगाम पितरं प्रति ॥१२-३१८-६०॥
athānujñāpya tam ṛṣiṃ nāradaṃ lokaviśrutam। tasmād anujñāṃ samprāpya jagāma pitaraṃ prati ॥12-318-60॥
[अथ (atha) - then; अनुज्ञाप्य (anujñāpya) - having obtained permission; तम् (tam) - him; ऋषिं (ṛṣiṃ) - sage; नारदं (nāradaṃ) - Nārada; लोकविश्रुतम् (lokaviśrutam) - renowned in the world; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him; अनुज्ञां (anujñāṃ) - permission; सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having obtained; जगाम (jagāma) - went; पितरं (pitaraṃ) - to the father; प्रति (prati) - towards;]
(Then, having obtained permission from that sage Nārada, renowned in the world, and having received permission from him, he went towards his father.)
Then, after taking leave of the sage Nārada, who is renowned in the world, and having received his permission, he went to his father. (12-318-60)
सोऽभिवाद्य महात्मानमृषिं द्वैपायनं मुनिम्। शुकः प्रदक्षिणीकृत्य कृष्णमापृष्टवान्मुनिः ॥१२-३१८-६१॥
so'bhivādya mahātmānam ṛṣiṃ dvaipāyanaṃ munim। śukaḥ pradakṣiṇīkṛtya kṛṣṇam āpṛṣṭavān muniḥ ॥12-318-61॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted; महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled; ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage; द्वैपायनम् (dvaipāyanam) - Dvaipayana; मुनिम् (munim) - sage; शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka; प्रदक्षिणीकृत्य (pradakṣiṇīkṛtya) - having circumambulated; कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - Kṛṣṇa; आपृष्टवान् (āpṛṣṭavān) - having asked leave; मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage;]
(He, having saluted the great-souled sage Dvaipayana, Śuka, having circumambulated Kṛṣṇa, having asked leave, the sage.)
He, having saluted the great sage Dvaipayana, Śuka, after circumambulating Kṛṣṇa, took leave of him, the sage. (12-318-61)
श्रुत्वा ऋषिस्तद्वचनं शुकस्य; प्रीतो महात्मा पुनराह चैनम्। भो भोः पुत्र स्थीयतां तावदद्य; यावच्चक्षुः प्रीणयामि त्वदर्थम् ॥१२-३१८-६२॥
śrutvā ṛṣis tad vacanaṃ śukasya; prīto mahātmā punar āha cainam. bho bhoḥ putra sthīyatāṃ tāvad adya; yāvat cakṣuḥ prīṇayāmi tvadartham ॥12-318-62॥
[श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; तद् (tad) - that; वचनम् (vacanam) - speech; शुकस्य (śukasya) - of Śuka; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; आह (āha) - said; च (ca) - and; एनम् (enam) - to him; भो (bho) - O; भोः (bhoḥ) - O; पुत्र (putra) - son; स्थीयताम् (sthīyatām) - let it be stayed; तावत् (tāvat) - so long; अद्य (adya) - today; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye; प्रीणयामि (prīṇayāmi) - I please; त्वदर्थम् (tvadartham) - for your sake;]
(Having heard, the sage that speech of Śuka; pleased, the great-souled again said and to him. O O son, let it be stayed so long today; as long as the eye I please for your sake. (12-318-62))
Having heard that speech of Śuka, the sage, greatly pleased, again said to him: "O son, remain here today as long as I may gratify my eyes for your sake." (12-318-62)
निरपेक्षः शुको भूत्वा निःस्नेहो मुक्तबन्धनः। मोक्षमेवानुसञ्चिन्त्य गमनाय मनो दधे ॥ पितरं सम्परित्यज्य जगाम द्विजसत्तमः ॥१२-३१८-६३॥
nirapekṣaḥ śuko bhūtvā niḥsneho muktabandhanaḥ। mokṣamevānusañcintya gamanāya mano dadhe ॥ pitaraṃ samparityajya jagāma dvijasattamaḥ ॥12-318-63॥
[निरपेक्षः (nirapekṣaḥ) - without expectation; शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka (the sage); भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; निःस्नेहः (niḥsnehaḥ) - without affection; मुक्तबन्धनः (muktabandhanaḥ) - freed from bondage; मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - liberation; एव (eva) - only; अनुसञ्चिन्त्य (anusañcintya) - having reflected upon; गमनाय (gamanāya) - for going; मनो (mano) - mind; दधे (dadhe) - set; पितरम् (pitaram) - father; सम्परित्यज्य (samparityajya) - having completely abandoned; जगाम (jagāma) - departed; द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - the best among the twice-born;]
(Without expectation, Śuka having become, without affection, freed from bondage, liberation only having reflected upon, for going, mind set. Father having completely abandoned, departed the best among the twice-born.)
Śuka, becoming free from expectations, without affection, and released from all bonds, fixed his mind only on liberation. Having completely abandoned his father, the best among the twice-born departed. (12-318-63)
