12.328
जनमेजय उवाच॥
janamejaya uvāca॥
[जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Janamejaya said;)
Janamejaya said.
अस्तौषीद्यैरिमं व्यासः सशिष्यो मधुसूदनम्। नामभिर्विविधैरेषां निरुक्तं भगवन्मम ॥३-३२८-१॥
astauṣīdyairimaṃ vyāsaḥ saśiṣyo madhusūdanam। nāmabhirvividhāireṣāṃ niruktaṃ bhagavanmama ॥3-328-1॥
[अस्तौषीत् (astauṣīt) - praised; यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom; इमं (imaṃ) - this; व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa; सशिष्यः (saśiṣyaḥ) - with disciple; मधुसूदनम् (madhusūdanam) - Madhusūdana; नामभिः (nāmabhiḥ) - by names; विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - various; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; निरुक्तम् (niruktam) - etymology; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord; मम (mama) - my;]
(Vyāsa with disciple praised this Madhusūdana by whom, by various names of these, the etymology, O Lord, my.)
Vyāsa, together with his disciple, praised this Madhusūdana by various names; O Lord, the etymology of these names is mine. (3-328-1)
वक्तुमर्हसि शुश्रूषोः प्रजापतिपतेर्हरेः। श्रुत्वा भवेयं यत्पूतः शरच्चन्द्र इवामलः ॥३-३२८-२॥
vaktum arhasi śuśrūṣoḥ prajāpati-pater hareḥ। śrutvā bhaveyaṃ yat pūtaḥ śarat-candra iva amalaḥ ॥3-328-2॥
[वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; (infinitive of √vac); अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy; you ought; (2nd sg. pres. of √arh); शुश्रूषोः (śuśrūṣoḥ) - of the one who desires to hear; (genitive sg. of śuśrūṣā); प्रजापतिपतेः (prajāpati-pateḥ) - of the lord of Prajāpati; (genitive sg.); हरेः (hareḥ) - of Hari; (Viṣṇu; genitive sg.); श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; (absolutive of √śru); भवेयम् (bhaveyam) - I may become; (1st sg. optative of √bhū); यत् (yat) - which; that; पूतः (pūtaḥ) - purified; (past participle of √pū); शरच्चन्द्र (śarat-candra) - autumn moon; इव (iva) - like; as; अमलः (amalaḥ) - spotless; pure;]
(To speak you ought of the one who desires to hear, of the lord of Prajāpati, of Hari; having heard, I may become which purified like the autumn moon spotless.)
You ought to speak for the one who desires to hear about the lord of Prajāpati, about Hari; having heard, I may become purified like the spotless autumn moon. (3-328-2)
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
शृणु राजन्यथाचष्ट फल्गुनस्य हरिर्विभुः। प्रसन्नात्मात्मनो नाम्नां निरुक्तं गुणकर्मजम् ॥३-३२८-३॥
śṛṇu rājanya tathā ācaṣṭa phalgunasya hariḥ vibhuḥ। prasannātmā ātmanaḥ nāmnāṃ niruktaṃ guṇa-karma-jam ॥3-328-3॥
[शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; राजन् (rājan) - O king; यथा (yathā) - as; आचष्ट (ācaṣṭa) - explained; फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - of Phalguna; हरिः (hariḥ) - Hari; विभुः (vibhuḥ) - the all-pervading; प्रसन्नात्मा (prasannātmā) - of clear mind; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself; नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names; निरुक्तम् (niruktam) - etymology; गुणकर्मजम् (guṇa-karma-jam) - arisen from qualities and actions;]
(Hear, O king, as Hari, the all-pervading, of clear mind, explained the etymology of the names of Phalguna, arisen from qualities and actions.)
O king, listen as Hari, the all-pervading one with a clear mind, explained to Phalguna the etymology of the names, which arise from qualities and actions. (3-328-3)
नामभिः कीर्तितैस्तस्य केशवस्य महात्मनः। पृष्टवान्केशवं राजन्फल्गुनः परवीरहा ॥३-३२८-४॥
nāmbhiḥ kīrtitais tasya keśavasya mahātmanaḥ। pṛṣṭavān keśavaṃ rājan phalguṇaḥ paravīrahā ॥3-328-4॥
[नामभिः (nāmbhiḥ) - by names; कीर्तितैः (kīrtitaiḥ) - that have been praised; तस्य (tasya) - of him; केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keśava; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled; पृष्टवान् (pṛṣṭavān) - asked; केशवं (keśavaṃ) - Keśava; राजन् (rājan) - O king; फल्गुनः (phalguṇaḥ) - Phalguṇa (Arjuna); परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - destroyer of enemy heroes;]
(By names that have been praised of him, of Keśava, of the great-souled, Phalguṇa (Arjuna), destroyer of enemy heroes, asked Keśava, O king.)
O king, Phalguṇa (Arjuna), the destroyer of enemy heroes, asked Keśava, the great-souled one, about those names of Keśava that have been praised. (3-328-4)
अर्जुन उवाच॥
arjuna uvāca॥
[अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Arjuna said;)
Arjuna said.
भगवन्भूतभव्येश सर्वभूतसृगव्यय। लोकधाम जगन्नाथ लोकानामभयप्रद ॥३-३२८-५॥
bhagavanbhūtabhavyeśa sarvabhūtasṛgavyaya। lokadhāma jagannātha lokānāmabhayaprada ॥3-328-5॥
[भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord; भूत (bhūta) - past; भव्य (bhavya) - future; ईश (īśa) - lord; सर्व (sarva) - all; भूत (bhūta) - beings; सृक् (sṛk) - creator; व्यय (vyaya) - destroyer; लोक (loka) - world; धाम (dhāma) - abode; जगन्नाथ (jagannātha) - Lord of the universe; लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds; अभय (abhaya) - fearlessness; प्रद (prada) - giver;]
(O Lord, lord of past and future, creator and destroyer of all beings, abode of the world, Lord of the universe, giver of fearlessness to the worlds.)
O Lord, master of the past and future, creator and destroyer of all beings, the abode of the world, Lord of the universe, and giver of fearlessness to all the worlds. (3-328-5)
यानि नामानि ते देव कीर्तितानि महर्षिभिः। वेदेषु सपुराणेषु यानि गुह्यानि कर्मभिः ॥३-३२८-६॥
yāni nāmāni te deva kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ। vedeṣu sapurāṇeṣu yāni guhyāni karmabhiḥ ॥3-328-6॥
[यानि (yāni) - which; (neuter plural nominative of yad) नामानि (nāmāni) - names; (neuter plural nominative of nāman) ते (te) - your; (genitive singular of tvam) देव (deva) - O god; (vocative singular of deva) कीर्तितानि (kīrtitāni) - proclaimed; (neuter plural nominative of kīrtita) महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages; (instrumental plural of maharṣi) वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas; (locative plural of veda) सपुराणेषु (sapurāṇeṣu) - and in the Purāṇas; (locative plural of sapurāṇa) यानि (yāni) - which; (neuter plural nominative of yad) गुह्यानि (guhyāni) - secret; (neuter plural nominative of guhya) कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by acts; (instrumental plural of karma);]
(Which names of yours, O god, proclaimed by great sages, in the Vedas and in the Purāṇas, which secret (names) by acts.)
O god, whatever your names have been proclaimed by great sages in the Vedas and in the Purāṇas, and whatever secret names (are known) through acts. (3-328-6)
तेषां निरुक्तं त्वत्तोऽहं श्रोतुमिच्छामि केशव। न ह्यन्यो वर्तयेन्नाम्नां निरुक्तं त्वामृते प्रभो ॥३-३२८-७॥
teṣāṃ niruktaṃ tvatto'haṃ śrotumicchāmi keśava। na hyanyo vartayennāmnāṃ niruktaṃ tvāmṛte prabho ॥3-328-7॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; निरुक्तं (niruktam) - etymology; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you; अहम् (aham) - I; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - desire; केशव (keśava) - Keśava; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other; वर्तयेत् (vartayet) - could explain; नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names; निरुक्तं (niruktam) - etymology; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; ऋते (ṛte) - except; प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord;]
(Of them etymology from you I to hear desire Keśava. Not indeed other could explain of names etymology except you O Lord.)
Keśava, I desire to hear from you the etymology of those (names). Indeed, no one else except you, O Lord, could explain the etymology of the names. (3-328-7)
श्रीभगवानुवाच॥
śrībhagavānuvāca॥
[श्री (śrī) - splendid; auspicious; holy; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Lord; the Possessor of fortune; उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(śrī - splendid; auspicious; holy; bhagavān - the Lord; the Possessor of fortune; uvāca - said; spoke;)
The blessed Lord said:
ऋग्वेदे सयजुर्वेदे तथैवाथर्वसामसु। पुराणे सोपनिषदे तथैव ज्योतिषेऽर्जुन ॥३-३२८-८॥
ṛgvede sayajurvede tathaivātharvasāmasu। purāṇe sopaniṣade tathaiva jyotiṣe'rjuna ॥3-328-8॥
[ऋग्वेदे (ṛgvede) - in the Ṛgveda; सयजुर्वेदे (sayajurvede) - and in the Yajurveda; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; अथर्वसामसु (atharvasāmasu) - in the Atharva and Sāma Vedas; पुराणे (purāṇe) - in the Purāṇa; सोपनिषदे (sopaniṣade) - and in the Upaniṣad; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; ज्योतिषे (jyotiṣe) - in Jyotiṣa (astrology); अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna;]
(In the Ṛgveda, and in the Yajurveda, in the same way in the Atharva and Sāma Vedas, in the Purāṇa, and in the Upaniṣad, in the same way in Jyotiṣa, O Arjuna.)
O Arjuna, in the Ṛgveda, Yajurveda, Atharva and Sāma Vedas, as well as in the Purāṇas, Upaniṣads, and Jyotiṣa, it is the same. (3-328-8)
साङ्ख्ये च योगशास्त्रे च आयुर्वेदे तथैव च। बहूनि मम नामानि कीर्तितानि महर्षिभिः ॥३-३२८-९॥
sāṅkhye ca yogaśāstre ca āyurvede tathaiva ca। bahūni mama nāmāni kīrtitāni maharṣibhiḥ ॥3-328-9॥
[साङ्ख्ये (sāṅkhye) - in Sāṅkhya; च (ca) - and; योगशास्त्रे (yogaśāstre) - in Yogaśāstra; च (ca) - and; आयुर्वेदे (āyurvede) - in Āyurveda; तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; च (ca) - and; बहूनि (bahūni) - many; मम (mama) - my; नामानि (nāmāni) - names; कीर्तितानि (kīrtitāni) - have been mentioned; महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages;]
(In Sāṅkhya and in Yogaśāstra and in Āyurveda likewise and many my names have been mentioned by great sages.)
In Sāṅkhya, Yogaśāstra, and likewise in Āyurveda, many of my names have been mentioned by great sages. (3-328-9)
गौणानि तत्र नामानि कर्मजानि च कानिचित्। निरुक्तं कर्मजानां च शृणुष्व प्रयतोऽनघ ॥ कथ्यमानं मया तात त्वं हि मेऽर्धं स्मृतः पुरा ॥३-३२८-१०॥
gauṇāni tatra nāmāni karmajāni ca kānicit। niruktaṃ karmajānāṃ ca śṛṇuṣva prayato'nagha ॥ kathyamānaṃ mayā tāta tvaṃ hi me'rdhaṃ smṛtaḥ purā ॥3-328-10॥
[गौणानि (gauṇāni) - secondary; तत्र (tatra) - there; नामानि (nāmāni) - names; कर्मजानि (karmajāni) - arising from actions; च (ca) - and; कानिचित् (kānicit) - some; निरुक्तं (niruktaṃ) - etymology; कर्मजानां (karmajānāṃ) - of those arising from actions; च (ca) - and; शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear; प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - attentively; अनघ (anagha) - sinless one; कथ्यमानं (kathyamānaṃ) - being told; मया (mayā) - by me; तात (tāta) - dear one; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - to me; अर्धं (ardhaṃ) - half; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered; पुरा (purā) - formerly;]
(Secondary there names arising from actions and some; etymology of those arising from actions and hear attentively sinless one; being told by me dear one you indeed to me half remembered formerly;)
There, some secondary names arising from actions; hear attentively, O sinless one, the etymology of those arising from actions. O dear one, what is being told by me, you were indeed formerly remembered as my half. (3-328-10)
नमोऽतियशसे तस्मै देहिनां परमात्मने। नारायणाय विश्वाय निर्गुणाय गुणात्मने ॥३-३२८-११॥
namo-'ti-yaśase tasmai dehināṃ paramātmane। nārāyaṇāya viśvāya nirguṇāya guṇātmane ॥3-328-11॥
[नमः (namaḥ) - salutation; अति (ati) - exceedingly; यशसे (yaśase) - to the glorious; तस्मै (tasmai) - to that; देहिनाम् (dehinām) - of the embodied beings; परमात्मने (paramātmane) - to the supreme self; नारायणाय (nārāyaṇāya) - to Nārāyaṇa; विश्वाय (viśvāya) - to the all; निर्गुणाय (nirguṇāya) - to the qualityless; गुणात्मने (guṇātmane) - to the essence of qualities;]
(Salutation to the exceedingly glorious, to that supreme self of the embodied beings; to Nārāyaṇa, to the all, to the qualityless, to the essence of qualities.)
Salutations to the supremely glorious one, the supreme self of all embodied beings; to Nārāyaṇa, who is all, who is beyond qualities, and who is the very essence of all qualities. (3-328-11)
यस्य प्रसादजो ब्रह्मा रुद्रश्च क्रोधसम्भवः। योऽसौ योनिर्हि सर्वस्य स्थावरस्य चरस्य च ॥३-३२८-१२॥
yasya prasādajo brahmā rudraś ca krodhasambhavaḥ। yo'sau yonir hi sarvasya sthāvarasya carasya ca ॥3-328-12॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; प्रसादजः (prasādajaḥ) - born from grace; ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā; रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; च (ca) - and; क्रोधसम्भवः (krodhasambhavaḥ) - born from anger; यः (yaḥ) - who; असौ (asau) - that; योनिः (yoniḥ) - origin; हि (hi) - indeed; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all; स्थावरस्य (sthāvarasya) - of the immovable; चरस्य (carasya) - of the movable; च (ca) - and;]
(Of whom Brahmā is born from grace, and Rudra is born from anger; who indeed is the origin of all, of the immovable and of the movable, and.)
He, from whose grace Brahmā is born and from whose anger Rudra is born, who indeed is the origin of all, both the immovable and the movable. (3-328-12)
अष्टादशगुणं यत्तत्सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतां वर। प्रकृतिः सा परा मह्यं रोदसी योगधारिणी ॥ ऋता सत्यामराजय्या लोकानामात्मसञ्ज्ञिता ॥३-३२८-१३॥
aṣṭādaśaguṇaṃ yattatsattvaṃ sattvavatāṃ vara। prakṛtiḥ sā parā mahyaṃ rodasī yogadhāriṇī ॥ ṛtā satyāmarāyayyā lokānāmātmasañjñitā ॥3-328-13॥
[अष्टादशगुणं (aṣṭādaśaguṇam) - eighteenfold quality; यत् (yat) - which; तत् (tat) - that; सत्त्वं (sattvam) - essence; सत्त्ववतां (sattvavatām) - of those possessing essence; वर (vara) - best; प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature; सा (sā) - she; परा (parā) - supreme; महि (mahi) - great; अं (aṃ) - unto me; रोदसी (rodasī) - the two worlds (heaven and earth); योगधारिणी (yogadhāriṇī) - supporter of union; ऋता (ṛtā) - truthful; सत्या (satyā) - real; अमराय्या (amarāyā) - of the immortal; लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds; आत्मसञ्ज्ञिता (ātmasañjñitā) - called the self;]
(Eighteenfold quality which that essence, O best of those possessing essence; nature she supreme great unto me, the two worlds supporter of union. Truthful, real, of the immortal, of the worlds, called the self.)
O best among those possessing essence, that which is the eighteenfold quality, that essence is the supreme nature for me, the two worlds, supporter of union. She is truthful, real, belonging to the immortal, called the self of the worlds. (3-328-13)
तस्मात्सर्वाः प्रवर्तन्ते सर्गप्रलयविक्रियाः। ततो यज्ञश्च यष्टा च पुराणः पुरुषो विराट् ॥ अनिरुद्ध इति प्रोक्तो लोकानां प्रभवाप्ययः ॥३-३२८-१४॥
tasmātsarvāḥ pravartante sargapralayavikriyāḥ। tato yajñaś ca yaṣṭā ca purāṇaḥ puruṣo virāṭ ॥ aniruddha iti prokto lokānāṃ prabhavāpyayaḥ ॥3-328-14॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (feminine); प्रवर्तन्ते (pravartante) - proceed; सर्ग (sarga) - creation; प्रलय (pralaya) - dissolution; विक्रियाः (vikriyāḥ) - transformations; ततः (tataḥ) - from that; यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice; च (ca) - and; यष्टा (yaṣṭā) - sacrificer; च (ca) - and; पुराणः (purāṇaḥ) - ancient; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person; विराट् (virāṭ) - cosmic; अनिरुद्ध (aniruddha) - unobstructed; इति (iti) - thus; प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - is said; लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of worlds; प्रभव (prabhava) - origin; अप्ययः (apyayaḥ) - dissolution;]
(From that, all proceed: creations, dissolutions, transformations. From that, sacrifice and sacrificer and the ancient cosmic person. Unobstructed, thus is said, the origin and dissolution of worlds.)
From that, all creations, dissolutions, and transformations arise. From that also come sacrifice, the sacrificer, and the ancient cosmic person, Virāṭ. He is called Aniruddha, the origin and dissolution of the worlds. (3-328-14)
ब्राह्मे रात्रिक्षये प्राप्ते तस्य ह्यमिततेजसः। प्रसादात्प्रादुरभवत्पद्मं पद्मनिभेक्षण ॥ तत्र ब्रह्मा समभवत्स तस्यैव प्रसादजः ॥३-३२८-१५॥
brāhme rātrikṣaye prāpte tasya hyamitatejasaḥ। prasādātprādurabhavatpadmaṃ padmanibhekṣaṇa ॥ tatra brahmā samabhavatsa tasyaiva prasādajaḥ ॥3-328-15॥
[ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in Brahmā's; (locative of ब्रह्मा); रात्रिक्षये (rātrikṣaye) - at the end of the night; (locative of रात्रिक्षय); प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having arrived; (locative absolute of प्राप्); तस्य (tasya) - of him; (genitive of स); हि (hi) - indeed; अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of the immeasurable splendor; (genitive of अमिततेजस्); प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - from the grace; (ablative of प्रसाद); प्रादुरभवत् (prādurabhavat) - manifested; (from प्रादुर् + भू); पद्मं (padmaṃ) - lotus; (accusative of पद्म); पद्मनिभेक्षण (padmanibhekṣaṇa) - having eyes like a lotus; (compound of पद्म + निभ + एक्षण); तत्र (tatra) - there; ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā; समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose; (from सम् + भू); स (sa) - he; तस्यैव (tasyaiva) - of him only; (genitive of स + एव); प्रसादजः (prasādajaḥ) - born from the grace; (compound of प्रसाद + ज);]
(In Brahmā's, at the end of the night, having arrived, of him indeed of the immeasurable splendor, from the grace, manifested lotus, having eyes like a lotus. There Brahmā arose, he, of him only, born from the grace. (3-328-15))
When the night of Brahmā ended, by the grace of him of immeasurable splendor, a lotus with eyes like a lotus manifested. There, Brahmā arose, born solely from his grace. (3-328-15)
अह्नः क्षये ललाटाच्च सुतो देवस्य वै तथा। क्रोधाविष्टस्य सञ्जज्ञे रुद्रः संहारकारकः ॥३-३२८-१६॥
ahnaḥ kṣaye lalāṭāc ca suto devasya vai tathā। krodhāviṣṭasya sañjajñe rudraḥ saṃhārakārakaḥ ॥3-328-16॥
[अह्नः (ahnaḥ) - of the day; क्षये (kṣaye) - at the decline; ललाटात् (lalāṭāt) - from the forehead; च (ca) - and; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; देवस्य (devasya) - of the god; वै (vai) - indeed; तथा (tathā) - thus; क्रोधाविष्टस्य (krodhāviṣṭasya) - of the one possessed by anger; सञ्जज्ञे (sañjajñe) - was born; रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; संहारकारकः (saṃhārakārakaḥ) - the agent of destruction;]
(Of the day at the decline, from the forehead and the son of the god indeed thus; of the one possessed by anger was born Rudra, the agent of destruction.)
At the decline of the day, from the forehead of the god, indeed thus, the son was born—Rudra, the agent of destruction, was born from the one possessed by anger. (3-328-16)
एतौ द्वौ विबुधश्रेष्ठौ प्रसादक्रोधजौ स्मृतौ। तदादेशितपन्थानौ सृष्टिसंहारकारकौ ॥ निमित्तमात्रं तावत्र सर्वप्राणिवरप्रदौ ॥३-३२८-१७॥
etau dvau vibudhaśreṣṭhau prasādakrodhajau smṛtau। tadādeśitapanthānau sṛṣṭisaṃhārakārakau ॥ nimittamātraṃ tāvatra sarvaprāṇivarapradau ॥3-328-17॥
[एतौ (etau) - these two; द्वौ (dvau) - two; विबुधश्रेष्ठौ (vibudhaśreṣṭhau) - best among the wise; प्रसादक्रोधजौ (prasādakrodhajau) - born of grace and anger; स्मृतौ (smṛtau) - are remembered; तदादेशितपन्थानौ (tadādeśitapanthānau) - following the path instructed by him; सृष्टिसंहारकारकौ (sṛṣṭisaṃhārakārakau) - causing creation and destruction; निमित्तमात्रं (nimittamātraṃ) - mere instruments; तावत्र (tāvatra) - they there; सर्वप्राणिवरप्रदौ (sarvaprāṇivarapradau) - bestowers of boons to all beings;]
(These two, the best among the wise, born of grace and anger, are remembered; following the path instructed by him, causing creation and destruction. Mere instruments, they there, bestowers of boons to all beings. (3-328-17))
These two, the foremost among the wise, born from grace and anger, are known to follow the path set by him and are the agents of creation and destruction. They are merely instruments here, granting boons to all living beings. (3-328-17)
कपर्दी जटिलो मुण्डः श्मशानगृहसेवकः। उग्रव्रतधरो रुद्रो योगी त्रिपुरदारुणः ॥३-३२८-१८॥
kapardī jaṭilo muṇḍaḥ śmaśānagṛhasevakaḥ। ugravratadharo rudro yogī tripuradāruṇaḥ ॥3-328-18॥
[कपर्दी (kapardī) - one with matted hair; जटिलः (jaṭilaḥ) - having twisted locks; मुण्डः (muṇḍaḥ) - shaven-headed; श्मशानगृहसेवकः (śmaśānagṛhasevakaḥ) - servant of the cremation ground; उग्रव्रतधरः (ugravratadharaḥ) - holder of fierce vows; रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; योगी (yogī) - ascetic; त्रिपुरदारुणः (tripuradāruṇaḥ) - destroyer of Tripura;]
(One with matted hair, having twisted locks, shaven-headed, servant of the cremation ground, holder of fierce vows, Rudra, ascetic, destroyer of Tripura.)
He is one with matted hair, with twisted locks, sometimes shaven-headed, the servant of the cremation ground, the holder of fierce vows, Rudra, the ascetic, and the destroyer of Tripura. (3-328-18)
दक्षक्रतुहरश्चैव भगनेत्रहरस्तथा। नारायणात्मको ज्ञेयः पाण्डवेय युगे युगे ॥३-३२८-१९॥
dakṣakratu-haraś caiva bhaganetra-haras tathā। nārāyaṇātmako jñeyaḥ pāṇḍaveya yuge yuge ॥3-328-19॥
[दक्षक्रतुहरः (dakṣakratu-haraḥ) - destroyer of Dakṣa's sacrifice; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भगनेत्रहरः (bhaganetra-haraḥ) - destroyer of Bhaga's eye; तथा (tathā) - also; नारायणात्मकः (nārāyaṇātmakaḥ) - having the nature of Nārāyaṇa; ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ) - should be known; पाण्डवेय (pāṇḍaveya) - O descendant of Pāṇḍu; युगे (yuge) - in every age; युगे (yuge) - in every age;]
(Destroyer of Dakṣa's sacrifice, and indeed destroyer of Bhaga's eye also; having the nature of Nārāyaṇa should be known, O descendant of Pāṇḍu, in every age, in every age.)
O descendant of Pāṇḍu, know that in every age, the destroyer of Dakṣa's sacrifice and the destroyer of Bhaga's eye is indeed of the nature of Nārāyaṇa. (3-328-19)
तस्मिन्हि पूज्यमाने वै देवदेवे महेश्वरे। सम्पूजितो भवेत्पार्थ देवो नारायणः प्रभुः ॥३-३२८-२०॥
tasmin hi pūjyamāne vai devadeve maheśvare। sampūjito bhavet pārtha devo nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ ॥3-328-20॥
[तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him; हि (hi) - indeed; पूज्यमाने (pūjyamāne) - being worshipped; वै (vai) - truly; देवदेवे (devadeve) - in the God of gods; महेश्वरे (maheśvare) - in the great Lord; सम्पूजितः (sampūjitaḥ) - worshipped; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; देवः (devaḥ) - the god; नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the Lord;]
(In him indeed being worshipped truly, in the God of gods, the great Lord, worshipped becomes, O Pārtha, the god Nārāyaṇa, the Lord.)
O Pārtha, when the great Lord, the God of gods, is truly worshipped, then the god Nārāyaṇa, the Lord, is also worshipped. (3-328-20)
अहमात्मा हि लोकानां विश्वानां पाण्डुनन्दन। तस्मादात्मानमेवाग्रे रुद्रं सम्पूजयाम्यहम् ॥३-३२८-२१॥
aham-ātmā hi lokānāṃ viśvānāṃ pāṇḍunandana। tasmād ātmānam eva agre rudraṃ sampūjayāmi aham ॥3-328-21॥
[अहम् (aham) - I; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; हि (hi) - indeed; लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds; विश्वानाम् (viśvānām) - of all; पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - O descendant of Pāṇḍu; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self; एव (eva) - only; अग्रे (agre) - first; रुद्रम् (rudram) - Rudra; सम्पूजयामि (sampūjayāmi) - I worship; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(I self indeed of the worlds of all O descendant of Pāṇḍu; therefore the self only first Rudra I worship I.)
O descendant of Pāṇḍu, I am indeed the self of all the worlds; therefore, I first worship Rudra as the very self. (3-328-21)
यद्यहं नार्चयेयं वै ईशानं वरदं शिवम्। आत्मानं नार्चयेत्कश्चिदिति मे भावितं मनः ॥ मया प्रमाणं हि कृतं लोकः समनुवर्तते ॥३-३२८-२२॥
yadyahaṃ nārcayeyam vai īśānaṃ varadaṃ śivam। ātmānaṃ nārcayetkaściditi me bhāvitaṃ manaḥ ॥ mayā pramāṇaṃ hi kṛtaṃ lokaḥ samanuvartate ॥3-328-22॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; अहम् (aham) - I; न (na) - not; अर्चयेयम् (arcayeyam) - would worship; वै (vai) - indeed; ईशानम् (īśānam) - the Lord; वरदम् (varadam) - bestower of boons; शिवम् (śivam) - Śiva; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; न (na) - not; अर्चयेत् (arcayet) - would worship; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; भावितम् (bhāvitam) - has been resolved; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; मया (mayā) - by me; प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - standard; हि (hi) - indeed; कृतम् (kṛtam) - done; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world; समनुवर्तते (samanuvartate) - follows accordingly;]
(If I would not worship indeed the Lord, the bestower of boons, Śiva, oneself would not worship anyone—thus my mind has been resolved. By me the standard indeed has been set; the world follows accordingly. (3-328-22))
If I do not worship the Lord, the bestower of boons, Śiva, then no one would worship themselves; thus my mind is resolved. I have set the standard, and the world follows accordingly. (3-328-22)
प्रमाणानि हि पूज्यानि ततस्तं पूजयाम्यहम्। यस्तं वेत्ति स मां वेत्ति योऽनु तं स हि मामनु ॥३-३२८-२३॥
pramāṇāni hi pūjyāni tatastaṃ pūjayāmyaham। yastaṃ vetti sa māṃ vetti yo'nu taṃ sa hi māmanu ॥3-328-23॥
[प्रमाणानि (pramāṇāni) - authorities; हि (hi) - indeed; पूज्यानि (pūjyāni) - worthy of worship; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; तं (taṃ) - him; पूजयामि (pūjayāmi) - I worship; अहम् (aham) - I; यः (yaḥ) - who; तं (taṃ) - him; वेत्ति (vetti) - knows; स (sa) - he; माम् (mām) - me; वेत्ति (vetti) - knows; यः (yaḥ) - who; अनु (anu) - after; तं (taṃ) - him; स (sa) - he; हि (hi) - indeed; माम् (mām) - me; अनु (anu) - after;]
(Authorities indeed are worthy of worship; therefore him I worship. Who knows him, he knows me; who follows him, he indeed follows me.)
The authorities are indeed worthy of worship; therefore, I worship him. Whoever knows him, knows me; whoever follows him, he indeed follows me. (3-328-23)
रुद्रो नारायणश्चैव सत्त्वमेकं द्विधाकृतम्। लोके चरति कौन्तेय व्यक्तिस्थं सर्वकर्मसु ॥३-३२८-२४॥
rudro nārāyaṇaścaiva sattvamekaṃ dvidhākṛtam। loke carati kaunteya vyaktisthaṃ sarvakarmasu ॥3-328-24॥
[रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - essence; एकम् (ekam) - one; द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two ways; कृतम् (kṛtam) - made; लोके (loke) - in the world; चरति (carati) - moves; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; व्यक्तिस्थम् (vyaktistham) - abiding in individuals; सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions;]
(Rudra, Nārāyaṇa, and indeed, the essence, one, made in two ways, in the world, moves, O son of Kunti, abiding in individuals, in all actions.)
Rudra and Nārāyaṇa are indeed one essence, made twofold; O son of Kunti, in the world, this essence moves in all actions, abiding in individuals. (3-328-24)
न हि मे केनचिद्देयो वरः पाण्डवनन्दन। इति सञ्चिन्त्य मनसा पुराणं विश्वमीश्वरम् ॥ पुत्रार्थमाराधितवानात्मानमहमात्मना ॥३-३२८-२५॥
na hi me kenaciddeyo varaḥ pāṇḍavanandana। iti sañcintya manasā purāṇaṃ viśvamīśvaram ॥ putrārtham ārādhitavān ātmānam aham ātmanā ॥3-328-25॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - to me; केनचित् (kenacit) - by anyone; देयः (deyaḥ) - to be given; वरः (varaḥ) - boon; पाण्डवनन्दन (pāṇḍavanandana) - O joy of the Pāṇḍavas; इति (iti) - thus; सञ्चिन्त्य (sañcintya) - having considered; मनसा (manasā) - with the mind; पुराणम् (purāṇam) - the ancient; विश्वमीश्वरम् (viśvamīśvaram) - the lord of the universe; पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son; आराधितवान् (ārādhitavān) - worshipped; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self; अहम् (aham) - I; आत्मना (ātmanā) - by myself;]
(Not indeed to me by anyone is to be given boon, O joy of the Pāṇḍavas. Thus having considered with the mind the ancient lord of the universe, for the sake of a son, worshipped the self I by myself.)
O joy of the Pāṇḍavas, no boon is to be given to me by anyone. Thus, having considered this in my mind, I worshipped the ancient lord of the universe, the self, by myself, for the sake of obtaining a son. (3-328-25)
न हि विष्णुः प्रणमति कस्मैचिद्विबुधाय तु। ऋत आत्मानमेवेति ततो रुद्रं भजाम्यहम् ॥३-३२८-२६॥
na hi viṣṇuḥ praṇamati kasmaicid vibudhāya tu। ṛta ātmānam eva iti tato rudraṃ bhajāmi aham ॥3-328-26॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; प्रणमति (praṇamati) - bows down; कस्मैचित् (kasmaicit) - to anyone; विबुधाय (vibudhāya) - to a wise one; to a god; तु (tu) - but; ऋत (ṛta) - truth; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self; एव (eva) - only; इति (iti) - thus; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; रुद्रं (rudraṃ) - Rudra; भजामि (bhajāmi) - I worship; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Not indeed Viṣṇu bows down to anyone to a wise one but; truth self only thus; therefore Rudra I worship I.)
Indeed, Viṣṇu does not bow to any wise one; knowing the self as truth only, therefore, I worship Rudra. (3-328-26)
सब्रह्मकाः सरुद्राश्च सेन्द्रा देवाः सहर्षिभिः। अर्चयन्ति सुरश्रेष्ठं देवं नारायणं हरिम् ॥३-३२८-२७॥
sabrahmakāḥ sarudrāś ca sendrā devāḥ saharṣibhiḥ। arcayanti suraśreṣṭhaṃ devaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ harim ॥3-328-27॥
[स-ब्रह्मकाः (sa-brahmakāḥ) - with Brahmā; persons accompanied by Brahmā; स-रुद्राः (sa-rudrāḥ) - with Rudras; accompanied by Rudras; च (ca) - and; स-इन्द्राः (sa-indrāḥ) - with Indras; accompanied by Indra; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; स-ऋषिभिः (sa-ṛṣibhiḥ) - with sages; accompanied by sages; अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - worship; honor; सुर-श्रेष्ठम् (sura-śreṣṭham) - best among gods; देवम् (devam) - god; नारायणम् (nārāyaṇam) - Nārāyaṇa; हरिम् (harim) - Hari; Viṣṇu;]
(With Brahmā, with Rudras and with Indra, the gods together with sages worship the best among gods, the god Nārāyaṇa, Hari.)
The gods, along with Brahmā, Rudras, Indra, and the sages, worship Nārāyaṇa, Hari, the best among the gods. (3-328-27)
भविष्यतां वर्ततां च भूतानां चैव भारत। सर्वेषामग्रणीर्विष्णुः सेव्यः पूज्यश्च नित्यशः ॥३-३२८-२८॥
bhaviṣyatāṃ vartatāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ caiva bhārata। sarveṣāmagraṇīrviṣṇuḥ sevyaḥ pūjyaśca nityaśaḥ ॥3-328-28॥
[भविष्यताम् (bhaviṣyatām) - of those who will be; वर्तताम् (vartatām) - of those who are; च (ca) - and; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of those who have been; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - the foremost; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; सेव्यः (sevyaḥ) - to be served; पूज्यः (pūjyaḥ) - to be worshipped; च (ca) - and; नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always;]
(Of those who will be, of those who are, and of those who have been, indeed, O Bhārata, of all, the foremost Viṣṇu is to be served and to be worshipped always.)
O Bhārata, among all beings of the future, present, and past, Viṣṇu, the foremost, is always to be served and worshipped. (3-328-28)
नमस्व हव्यदं विष्णुं तथा शरणदं नम। वरदं नमस्व कौन्तेय हव्यकव्यभुजं नम ॥३-३२८-२९॥
namasva havyadaṃ viṣṇuṃ tathā śaraṇadaṃ nama। varadaṃ namasva kaunteya havyakavyabhujaṃ nama ॥3-328-29॥
[नमस्व (namasva) - bow; (imperative); हव्यदं (havyadam) - giver of oblations; विष्णुं (viṣṇum) - Viṣṇu; तथा (tathā) - also; शरणदं (śaraṇadam) - giver of refuge; नम (nama) - salutation; वरदं (varadam) - giver of boons; नमस्व (namasva) - bow; (imperative); कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kuntī; हव्यकव्यभुजं (havyakavyabhujam) - enjoyer of oblations and ancestral offerings; नम (nama) - salutation;]
(Bow to the giver of oblations, Viṣṇu, also to the giver of refuge, salutation; to the giver of boons, bow, O son of Kuntī, to the enjoyer of oblations and ancestral offerings, salutation. (3-328-29))
Bow to Viṣṇu, the giver of oblations, and also to the giver of refuge; salute the giver of boons, O son of Kuntī, and bow to the enjoyer of oblations and ancestral offerings. (3-328-29)
चतुर्विधा मम जना भक्ता एवं हि ते श्रुतम्। तेषामेकान्तिनः श्रेष्ठास्ते चैवानन्यदेवताः ॥ अहमेव गतिस्तेषां निराशीःकर्मकारिणाम् ॥३-३२८-३०॥
caturvidhā mama janā bhaktā evaṃ hi te śrutam। teṣāmekāntinaḥ śreṣṭhāste caivānanyadevatāḥ ॥ ahameva gatisteṣāṃ nirāśīḥkarmakāriṇām ॥3-328-30॥
[चतुर्विधा (caturvidhā) - of four kinds; मम (mama) - my; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees; एवम् (evam) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - they; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; एकान्तिनः (ekāntinaḥ) - single-minded; श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - the best; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अनन्यदेवताः (ananyadevatāḥ) - those whose deity is none other (than me); अहम् (aham) - I; एव (eva) - indeed; गतिः (gatiḥ) - goal; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; निराशीः (nirāśīḥ) - without expectation; कर्मकारिणाम् (karmakāriṇām) - of those who perform actions;]
(Of four kinds my people devotees thus indeed they heard. Of them single-minded the best they and indeed those whose deity is none other. I indeed goal of them without expectation of those who perform actions.)
My devotees are of four kinds, as you have heard. Among them, those who are single-minded and whose deity is none other (than me) are the best. I am indeed the goal of those who act without expectation. (3-328-30)
ये च शिष्टास्त्रयो भक्ताः फलकामा हि ते मताः। सर्वे च्यवनधर्माणः प्रतिबुद्धस्तु श्रेष्ठभाक् ॥३-३२८-३१॥
ye ca śiṣṭās trayo bhaktāḥ phalakāmā hi te matāḥ। sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ pratibuddhas tu śreṣṭhabhāk ॥3-328-31॥
[ये (ye) - those; च (ca) - and; शिष्टाः (śiṣṭāḥ) - the remaining; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees; फलकामाः (phalakāmāḥ) - desiring fruit; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - they; मताः (matāḥ) - are considered; सर्वे (sarve) - all; च्यवनधर्माणः (cyavanadharmāṇaḥ) - of decaying nature; प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - awakened; तु (tu) - but; श्रेष्ठभाक् (śreṣṭhabhāk) - the best partaker;]
(Those and the remaining three devotees, desiring fruit, indeed, they are considered; all of decaying nature; but the awakened is the best partaker;)
Those remaining three types of devotees, who desire results, are indeed considered to be of decaying nature; but the awakened one partakes of the best. (3-328-31)
ब्रह्माणं शितिकण्ठं च याश्चान्या देवताः स्मृताः। प्रबुद्धवर्याः सेवन्ते मामेवैष्यन्ति यत्परम् ॥ भक्तं प्रति विशेषस्ते एष पार्थानुकीर्तितः ॥३-३२८-३२॥
brahmāṇaṃ śitikaṇṭhaṃ ca yāś cānyā devatāḥ smṛtāḥ। prabuddhavaryāḥ sevante mām eva eṣyanti yat param ॥ bhaktaṃ prati viśeṣas te eṣa pārthānukīrtitaḥ ॥3-328-32॥
[ब्रह्माणम् (brahmāṇam) - Brahmā; (the creator); शितिकण्ठम् (śitikaṇṭham) - Śitikaṇṭha; (the blue-throated, i.e., Śiva); च (ca) - and; याः (yāḥ) - who; (feminine plural); च (ca) - and; अन्याः (anyāḥ) - other; (feminine plural); देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are remembered; (are considered); प्रबुद्धवर्याः (prabuddhavaryāḥ) - the most awakened; (the best among the enlightened); सेवन्ते (sevante) - serve; (worship); माम् (mām) - me; एव (eva) - only; (indeed); एष्यन्ति (eṣyanti) - will attain; (will go to); यत् (yat) - which; परम् (param) - supreme; (highest); भक्तम् (bhaktam) - devotee; प्रति (prati) - towards; (regarding); विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - special; (distinction); ते (te) - to you; (for you); एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; (Arjuna); अनुकीर्तितः (anukīrtitaḥ) - has been recounted; (has been described);]
(Brahmā, Śitikaṇṭha and who and other deities are remembered; the most awakened serve me only, will attain which supreme; for the devotee, special to you, this, O Pārtha, has been recounted;)
Brahmā, Śiva, and all other deities who are remembered—the most awakened serve only me and will attain that which is supreme. This special distinction regarding the devotee, O Pārtha, has been recounted to you. (3-328-32)
त्वं चैवाहं च कौन्तेय नरनारायणौ स्मृतौ। भारावतरणार्थं हि प्रविष्टौ मानुषीं तनुम् ॥३-३२८-३३॥
tvaṃ caivāhaṃ ca kaunteya naranārāyaṇau smṛtau। bhārāvataraṇārthaṃ hi praviṣṭau mānuṣīṃ tanum ॥3-328-33॥
[त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; च (ca) - and; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; नरनारायणौ (naranārāyaṇau) - Nara and Nārāyaṇa; स्मृतौ (smṛtau) - are remembered; भारावतरणार्थं (bhārāvataraṇārtham) - for the purpose of removing the burden; हि (hi) - indeed; प्रविष्टौ (praviṣṭau) - have entered; मानुषीं (mānuṣīm) - human; तनुम् (tanum) - body;]
(You and indeed I and, O son of Kunti, are remembered as Nara and Nārāyaṇa; for the purpose of removing the burden indeed have entered human body.)
You and I, O son of Kunti, are known as Nara and Nārāyaṇa; indeed, for the purpose of relieving the burden (of the earth), we have entered into human bodies. (3-328-33)
जानाम्यध्यात्मयोगांश्च योऽहं यस्माच्च भारत। निवृत्तिलक्षणो धर्मस्तथाभ्युदयिकोऽपि च ॥३-३२८-३४॥
jānāmy adhyātmayogāṁś ca yo'ham yasmāc ca bhārata। nivṛttilakṣaṇo dharmas tathābhyudayiko'pi ca ॥3-328-34॥
[जानामि (jānāmi) - I know; अध्यात्मयोगान् (adhyātmayogān) - spiritual disciplines; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; अहम् (aham) - I; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; निवृत्ति-लक्षणः (nivṛtti-lakṣaṇaḥ) - characterized by renunciation; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; तथा (tathā) - also; अभ्युदयिकः (abhyudayikaḥ) - leading to prosperity; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and;]
(I know the spiritual disciplines and who I am and from which, O Bhārata; the dharma characterized by renunciation, also the one leading to prosperity, also and.)
O Bhārata, I know the spiritual disciplines, who I am, and their origins; I also know the dharma characterized by renunciation as well as that which leads to prosperity. (3-328-34)
नराणामयनं ख्यातमहमेकः सनातनः। आपो नारा इति प्रोक्ता आपो वै नरसूनवः ॥ अयनं मम तत्पूर्वमतो नारायणो ह्यहम् ॥३-३२८-३५॥
narāṇām ayanaṃ khyātam aham ekaḥ sanātanaḥ। āpo nārā iti proktā āpo vai narasūnavaḥ॥ ayanaṃ mama tat pūrvam ato nārāyaṇo hy aham॥3-328-35॥
[नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men; of humans; अयनम् (ayanaṃ) - resting place; abode; ख्यातम् (khyātam) - well-known; famous; अहम् (aham) - I; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; only; सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal; आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; नाराः (nārāḥ) - nārāḥ; waters; इति (iti) - thus; so; प्रोक्ता (proktā) - are called; are said; आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; वै (vai) - indeed; नरसूनवः (narasūnavaḥ) - offspring of Nara; sons of man; अयनम् (ayanaṃ) - resting place; abode; मम (mama) - my; तत् (tat) - that; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; previously; अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; नारायणः (nārāyaṇaḥ) - Nārāyaṇa; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Of men the resting place is well-known (as) I, the one eternal. Waters are called nārāḥ thus; waters indeed (are) the offspring of Nara. The resting place of mine, that (was) before; therefore Nārāyaṇa indeed (am) I. (3-328-35))
I am known as the eternal, sole resting place of men. The waters are called nārāḥ; indeed, the waters are the offspring of Nara. My resting place existed before that; therefore, I am called Nārāyaṇa. (3-328-35)
छादयामि जगद्विश्वं भूत्वा सूर्य इवांशुभिः। सर्वभूताधिवासश्च वासुदेवस्ततो ह्यहम् ॥३-३२८-३६॥
chādayāmi jagad-viśvaṃ bhūtvā sūrya iva aṃśubhiḥ। sarva-bhūta-adhivāsaś ca vāsudevas tato hy aham ॥3-328-36॥
[छादयामि (chādayāmi) - I cover; जगत् (jagat) - the world; विश्वम् (viśvam) - the universe; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; सूर्य (sūrya) - the sun; इव (iva) - like; अंशुभिः (aṃśubhiḥ) - with rays; सर्वभूताधिवासः (sarva-bhūta-adhivāsaḥ) - the indweller of all beings; च (ca) - and; वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(I cover the world, the universe, having become like the sun with rays; the indweller of all beings and Vāsudeva; therefore indeed I.)
Having become like the sun with its rays, I cover the entire world and universe; as the indweller of all beings, I am Vāsudeva—therefore, indeed, I am (that). (3-328-36)
गतिश्च सर्वभूतानां प्रजानां चापि भारत। व्याप्ता मे रोदसी पार्थ कान्तिश्चाभ्यधिका मम ॥३-३२८-३७॥
gatiś ca sarvabhūtānāṃ prajānāṃ cāpi bhārata। vyāptā me rodasī pārtha kāntiś cābhyadhikā mama ॥3-328-37॥
[गतिः (gatiḥ) - movement; course; च (ca) - and; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of creatures; of offspring; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; व्याप्ता (vyāptā) - pervaded; filled; मे (me) - my; by me; रोदसी (rodasī) - the two worlds (heaven and earth); पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; कान्तिः (kāntiḥ) - splendor; radiance; च (ca) - and; अभ्यधिका (abhyadhikā) - exceeding; surpassing; मम (mama) - my;]
(Movement and of all beings, of creatures and also, O Bhārata; pervaded by me the two worlds, O Pārtha; splendor and exceeding my.)
O Bhārata, I am the movement of all beings and creatures; O Pārtha, my splendor pervades the two worlds and surpasses all.
अधिभूतानि चान्तेऽहं तदिच्छंश्चास्मि भारत। क्रमणाच्चाप्यहं पार्थ विष्णुरित्यभिसञ्ज्ञितः ॥३-३२८-३८॥
adhibhūtāni cānte'ham tadicchaṃścāsmi bhārata। kramaṇāccāpyahaṃ pārtha viṣṇurityabhisañjñitaḥ ॥3-328-38॥
[अधिभूतानि (adhibhūtāni) - pertaining to elements; च (ca) - and; अन्ते (ante) - at the end; अहम् (aham) - I; तत् (tat) - that; इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring; च (ca) - and; अस्मि (asmi) - am; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; क्रमणात् (kramaṇāt) - from movement; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अहम् (aham) - I; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; इति (iti) - thus; अभिसञ्ज्ञितः (abhisañjñitaḥ) - designated;]
(Pertaining to elements and at the end I that desiring and am O Bhārata; from movement and also I O Pārtha Viṣṇu thus designated;)
O Bhārata, I am the one pertaining to the elements at their end, desiring that; and, O Pārtha, I am also called Viṣṇu because of movement. (3-328-38)
दमात्सिद्धिं परीप्सन्तो मां जनाः कामयन्ति हि। दिवं चोर्वीं च मध्यं च तस्माद्दामोदरो ह्यहम् ॥३-३२८-३९॥
damātsiddhiṃ parīpsanto māṃ janāḥ kāmayanti hi। divaṃ corvīṃ ca madhyaṃ ca tasmāddāmodaro hyaham ॥3-328-39॥
[दमात् (damāt) - from restraint; सिद्धिं (siddhiṃ) - perfection; परीप्सन्तः (parīpsantaḥ) - desiring; माम् (mām) - me; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; कामयन्ति (kāmayanti) - desire; हि (hi) - indeed; दिवम् (divam) - heaven; च (ca) - and; उर्वीम् (urvīm) - earth; च (ca) - and; मध्यम् (madhyam) - the middle; च (ca) - and; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; दामोदरः (dāmodaraḥ) - Dāmodara; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(From restraint, perfection desiring me people desire indeed; heaven and earth and the middle and therefore Dāmodara indeed I;)
People desiring perfection through restraint indeed desire me; heaven, earth, and the middle regions as well, therefore I am indeed Dāmodara. (3-328-39)
पृश्निरित्युच्यते चान्नं वेदा आपोऽमृतं तथा। ममैतानि सदा गर्भे पृश्निगर्भस्ततो ह्यहम् ॥३-३२८-४०॥
pṛśnir ity ucyate cānnaṃ vedā āpo 'mṛtaṃ tathā। mama etāni sadā garbhe pṛśnigarbhas tato hy aham ॥3-328-40॥
[पृश्निः (pṛśniḥ) - the variegated one; cloud; इति (iti) - thus; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; च (ca) - and; अन्नम् (annam) - food; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas; आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; अमृतम् (amṛtam) - nectar; immortality; तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; मम (mama) - my; एतानि (etāni) - these; सदा (sadā) - always; गर्भे (garbhe) - in the womb; पृश्निगर्भः (pṛśnigarbhaḥ) - the one born from Pṛśni; ततः (tataḥ) - from that; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Pṛśni is thus called, and food, the Vedas, waters, nectar also; these are always in my womb; Pṛśnigarbha, from that indeed I.)
Pṛśni is thus called, and so are food, the Vedas, water, and nectar; all these are always in my womb. Therefore, I am called Pṛśnigarbha. (3-328-40)
ऋषयः प्राहुरेवं मां त्रितकूपाभिपातितम्। पृश्निगर्भ त्रितं पाहीत्येकतद्वितपातितम् ॥३-३२८-४१॥
ṛṣayaḥ prāhurevaṁ māṁ tritakūpābhipātitam। pṛśnigarbha tritaṁ pāhityekatadvitapātitam ॥3-328-41॥
[ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - seers; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - said; एवम् (evam) - thus; माम् (mām) - me; त्रितकूपाभिपातितम् (tritakūpābhipātitam) - cast into the well of Trita; पृश्निगर्भ (pṛśnigarbha) - O Pṛśnigarbha; त्रितम् (tritam) - Trita; पाहि (pāhi) - protect; इति (iti) - thus; एकतद्वितपातितम् (ekatadvitapātitam) - cast down by one, another, and a second;]
(Seers said thus: me cast into the well of Trita. O Pṛśnigarbha, protect Trita thus, cast down by one, another, and a second.)
The seers said: 'I have been cast into the well of Trita. O Pṛśnigarbha, protect Trita who has been thrown down by one, another, and a second.' (3-328-41)
ततः स ब्रह्मणः पुत्र आद्यो ऋषिवरस्त्रितः। उत्ततारोदपानाद्वै पृश्निगर्भानुकीर्तनात् ॥३-३२८-४२॥
tataḥ sa brahmaṇaḥ putra ādyo ṛṣivarastritaḥ। uttatārodapānādvai pṛśnigarbhānukīrtanāt ॥3-328-42॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; स (sa) - he; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā; पुत्र (putra) - son; आद्यः (ādyaḥ) - first; ऋषिवरः (ṛṣivaraḥ) - best of sages; त्रितः (tritaḥ) - Trita; उत्ततार (uttatāra) - rose up; उदपानात् (udapānāt) - from the well; वै (vai) - indeed; पृश्निगर्भ (pṛśnigarbha) - Pṛśnigarbha; अनुकीर्तनात् (anukīrtanāt) - by recitation;]
(Then he, the son of Brahmā, the first, the best of sages, Trita, rose up from the well indeed by the recitation of Pṛśnigarbha.)
Then Trita, the first and best of sages, son of Brahmā, rose up from the well by reciting the Pṛśnigarbha hymn. (3-328-42)
सूर्यस्य तपतो लोकानग्नेः सोमस्य चाप्युत। अंशवो ये प्रकाशन्ते मम ते केशसञ्ज्ञिताः ॥ सर्वज्ञाः केशवं तस्मान्मामाहुर्द्विजसत्तमाः ॥३-३२८-४३॥
sūryasya tapato lokānagneḥ somasya cāpyuta। aṃśavo ye prakāśante mama te keśasañjñitāḥ ॥ sarvajñāḥ keśavaṃ tasmānmāmāhurdvijasattamāḥ ॥3-328-43॥
[सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun; तपतः (tapataḥ) - shining; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire; सोमस्य (somasya) - of soma; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; उत (uta) - indeed; अंशवः (aṃśavaḥ) - rays; ये (ye) - which; प्रकाशन्ते (prakāśante) - shine; मम (mama) - my; ते (te) - they; केशसञ्ज्ञिताः (keśasañjñitāḥ) - called hairs; सर्वज्ञाः (sarvajñāḥ) - the all-knowing; केशवं (keśavaṃ) - Keśava; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; माम् (mām) - me; आहुः (āhuḥ) - call; द्विजसत्तमाः (dvijasattamāḥ) - the best of twice-born;]
(Of the sun shining worlds, of fire, of soma and also indeed, rays which shine, my they called hairs; the all-knowing Keśava therefore me call the best of twice-born.)
The rays of the shining sun, of fire, and of soma, which shine upon the worlds, are called my hairs; therefore, O best of twice-born, the all-knowing call me Keśava. (3-328-43)
स्वपत्न्यामाहितो गर्भ उतथ्येन महात्मना। उतथ्येऽन्तर्हिते चैव कदाचिद्देवमायया ॥ बृहस्पतिरथाविन्दत्तां पत्नीं तस्य भारत ॥३-३२८-४४॥
svapatnyām āhito garbha utathyena mahātmanā। utathye'ntarhite caiva kadācid devamāyayā ॥ bṛhaspatir athāvindat tāṃ patnīṃ tasya bhārata ॥3-328-44॥
[स्वपत्न्याम् (svapatnyām) - in his own wife; आहितः (āhitaḥ) - placed; गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo; उतथ्येन (utathyena) - by Utathya; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled; उतथ्ये (utathye) - when Utathya; अन्तर्हिते (antarhite) - had disappeared; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; कदाचित् (kadācit) - at some time; देवमायया (devamāyayā) - by divine illusion; बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati; अथ (atha) - then; अविन्दत् (avindat) - found; ताम् (tām) - her; पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife; तस्य (tasya) - of him; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(In his own wife, the embryo was placed by Utathya, the great-souled; when Utathya had disappeared indeed at some time by divine illusion, then Bṛhaspati found her, the wife of him, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, the great-souled Utathya placed an embryo in his own wife; when Utathya had disappeared at some time by divine illusion, then Bṛhaspati found her, his wife. (3-328-44)
ततो वै तमृषिश्रेष्ठं मैथुनोपगतं तथा। उवाच गर्भः कौन्तेय पञ्चभूतसमन्वितः ॥३-३२८-४५॥
tato vai tam ṛṣiśreṣṭhaṃ maithunopagataṃ tathā। uvāca garbhaḥ kaunteya pañcabhūtasamanvitaḥ ॥3-328-45॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; वै (vai) - indeed; तम् (tam) - him; ऋषिश्रेष्ठम् (ṛṣiśreṣṭham) - the best among sages; मैथुनोपगतम् (maithunopagatam) - engaged in union; तथा (tathā) - thus; उवाच (uvāca) - said; गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - the embryo; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; पञ्चभूतसमन्वितः (pañcabhūtasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with the five elements;]
(Then indeed, him, the best among sages, engaged in union, thus, said, the embryo, O son of Kunti, endowed with the five elements.)
Then, O son of Kunti, the embryo endowed with the five elements spoke thus to that best among sages who was engaged in union. (3-328-45)
पूर्वागतोऽहं वरद नार्हस्यम्बां प्रबाधितुम्। एतद्बृहस्पतिः श्रुत्वा चुक्रोध च शशाप च ॥३-३२८-४६॥
pūrvāgato'ham varada nārhasyambāṃ prabādhitum। etad bṛhaspatiḥ śrutvā cukrodha ca śaśāpa ca ॥3-328-46॥
[पूर्वागतः (pūrvāgataḥ) - come before; previously arrived; अहम् (aham) - I; वरद (varada) - O giver of boons; न (na) - not; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; अम्बाम् (ambām) - the mother; प्रबाधितुम् (prabādhitum) - to trouble; एतत् (etat) - this; बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; च (ca) - and; चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - became angry; च (ca) - and; शशाप (śaśāpa) - cursed; च (ca) - and;]
(I, having come before, O giver of boons, you ought not to trouble the mother. This, having heard, Bṛhaspati became angry and cursed.)
I came here first, O giver of boons; you should not trouble the mother. Hearing this, Bṛhaspati became angry and cursed. (3-328-46)
मैथुनोपगतो यस्मात्त्वयाहं विनिवारितः। तस्मादन्धो जास्यसि त्वं मच्छापान्नात्र संशयः ॥३-३२८-४७॥
maithunopagato yasmāttvayāhaṃ vinivāritaḥ। tasmādandho jāsyasi tvaṃ macchāpānnātra saṃśayaḥ ॥3-328-47॥
[मैथुन-उपगतः (maithuna-upagataḥ) - who has approached sexual union; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; अहम् (aham) - I; विनिवारितः (vinivāritaḥ) - prevented; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind; जास्यसि (jāsyasi) - you will become; त्वम् (tvam) - you; मच्छापात् (macchāpāt) - by my curse; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(Because I, who had approached sexual union, was prevented by you, therefore you will become blind by my curse; there is no doubt here.)
Because you prevented me when I was about to engage in sexual union, therefore, by my curse, you will become blind; there is no doubt about this. (3-328-47)
स शापादृषिमुख्यस्य दीर्घं तम उपेयिवान्। स हि दीर्घतमा नाम नाम्ना ह्यासीदृषिः पुरा ॥३-३२८-४८॥
sa śāpād ṛṣimukhyasya dīrghaṃ tam upeyivān। sa hi dīrghatamā nāma nāmnā hy āsīd ṛṣiḥ purā ॥3-328-48॥
[स (sa) - he; शापात् (śāpāt) - from curse; ऋषिमुख्यस्य (ṛṣimukhyasya) - of the chief of sages; दीर्घं (dīrghaṃ) - long; तम् (tam) - him; उपेयिवान् (upeyivān) - had attained; स (sa) - he; हि (hi) - indeed; दीर्घतमा (dīrghatamā) - Dīrghatamā; नाम (nāma) - by name; नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name; हि (hi) - indeed; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; पुरा (purā) - formerly;]
(He, from the curse of the chief of sages, long him had attained. He indeed Dīrghatamā by name, by name indeed was sage formerly. (3-328-48))
He, due to the curse of the chief of sages, had attained that long duration. He was indeed the sage formerly known by the name Dīrghatamā. (3-328-48)
वेदानवाप्य चतुरः साङ्गोपाङ्गान्सनातनान्। प्रयोजयामास तदा नाम गुह्यमिदं मम ॥३-३२८-४९॥
vedān avāpya caturaḥ sāṅgopāṅgān sanātanān। prayojayāmāsa tadā nāma guhyam idaṃ mama ॥3-328-49॥
[वेदान् (vedān) - Vedas; (accusative plural of veda; sacred knowledge;) अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained; (gerund of ava-āp, to attain;) चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four; (accusative plural;) साङ्गोपाङ्गान् (sāṅgopāṅgān) - with limbs and sub-limbs; (sāṅga-upāṅga, with parts and subparts;) सनातनान् (sanātanān) - eternal; (accusative plural;) प्रयोजयामास (prayojayāmāsa) - caused to be employed; (causative aorist of pra-yuj, to employ;) तदा (tadā) - then; (at that time;) नाम (nāma) - name; (indeed;) गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret; (accusative singular;) इदं (idaṃ) - this; (neuter nominative/accusative singular;) मम (mama) - my; (genitive singular;);]
(Having obtained the four Vedas with their limbs and sub-limbs, eternal, he then caused this secret of mine, indeed, to be employed.)
Having acquired the four eternal Vedas along with their limbs and sub-limbs, he then set forth this secret of mine. (3-328-49)
आनुपूर्व्येण विधिना केशवेति पुनः पुनः। स चक्षुष्मान्समभवद्गौतमश्चाभवत्पुनः ॥३-३२८-५०॥
ānupūrvyeṇa vidhinā keśaveti punaḥ punaḥ। sa cakṣuṣmān samabhavad gautamaś cābhavat punaḥ ॥3-328-50॥
[आनुपूर्व्येण (ānupūrvyeṇa) - in succession; by order; विधिना (vidhinā) - by method; by rule; केशवेति (keśava-iti) - ‘Keśava’ thus; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; स (sa) - he; चक्षुष्मान् (cakṣuṣmān) - possessing sight; having vision; समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose; became; गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama; च (ca) - and; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(In succession, by method, ‘Keśava’ thus, again, again; he, possessing sight, arose; Gautama, and, became, again.)
By the prescribed order and method, repeatedly uttering ‘Keśava’, he regained his sight; Gautama also became so again. (3-328-50)
एवं हि वरदं नाम केशवेति ममार्जुन। देवानामथ सर्वेषामृषीणां च महात्मनाम् ॥३-३२८-५१॥
evaṃ hi varadaṃ nāma keśaveti mamārjuna। devānām atha sarveṣām ṛṣīṇāṃ ca mahātmanām ॥3-328-51॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; वरदं (varadam) - bestower of boons; नाम (nāma) - name; केशवेति (keśava-iti) - "Keśava" thus; मम (mama) - to me; अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna; देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods; अथ (atha) - then; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; ऋषीणां (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages; च (ca) - and; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled;]
(Thus indeed, "Keśava" is the name, O Arjuna, of the bestower of boons to me; then, of all the gods, of the sages, and of the great-souled.)
Thus, O Arjuna, "Keśava" is the name of the bestower of boons to me, and then, of all the gods, sages, and great-souled ones. (3-328-51)
अग्निः सोमेन संयुक्त एकयोनि मुखं कृतम्। अग्नीषोमात्मकं तस्माज्जगत्कृत्स्नं चराचरम् ॥३-३२८-५२॥
agniḥ somena saṁyukta ekayoni mukhaṁ kṛtam। agnīṣomātmakaṁ tasmājjagatkṛtsnaṁ carācaram ॥3-328-52॥
[अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; सोमेन (somena) - with Soma; संयुक्त (saṁyukta) - joined; एकयोनि (ekayoni) - one origin; मुखं (mukhaṁ) - source; कृतम् (kṛtam) - made; अग्नीषोमात्मकं (agnīṣomātmakaṁ) - having the nature of Agni and Soma; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that; जगत् (jagat) - world; कृत्स्नं (kṛtsnaṁ) - entire; चराचरम् (carācaram) - moving and unmoving;]
(Fire, joined with Soma, one origin, source made; having the nature of Agni and Soma, from that, the world, entire, moving and unmoving.)
Fire, united with Soma, was made the single origin and source; thus, the entire world of moving and unmoving beings is of the nature of Agni and Soma. (3-328-52)
अपि हि पुराणे भवति एकयोन्यात्मकावग्नीषोमौ देवाश्चाग्निमुखा इति एकयोनित्वाच्च परस्परं महयन्तो लोकान्धारयत इति ॥३-३२८-५३॥
api hi purāṇe bhavati ekayon'yātmakāv agnīṣomau devāś cāgnimukhā iti ekayonitvāc ca parasparaṃ mahayanto lokān dhārayata iti ॥3-328-53॥
[अपि (api) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; पुराणे (purāṇe) - in the Purāṇa; भवति (bhavati) - it is; एकयोन्यात्मकौ (ekayon'yātmakau) - having one origin in essence; अग्नीषोमौ (agnīṣomau) - Agni and Soma; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; च (ca) - and; अग्निमुखाः (agnimukhāḥ) - having Agni as the foremost; इति (iti) - thus; एकयोनित्वात् (ekayonitvāt) - because of having one origin; च (ca) - and; परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually; महयन्तः (mahayantaḥ) - honoring; लोकान् (lokān) - the worlds; धारयत (dhārayata) - supporting; इति (iti) - thus;]
(Indeed; for; in the Purāṇa; it is; having one origin in essence; Agni and Soma; the gods; and; having Agni as the foremost; thus; because of having one origin; and; mutually; honoring; the worlds; supporting; thus;)
Indeed, it is stated in the Purāṇa that Agni and Soma are of one origin in essence, and the gods, with Agni as their foremost, because of having one origin, mutually honor and support the worlds. (3-328-53)
