13.008
पूज्यवर्णनम्
pūjyavarṇanam
[पूज्य (pūjya) - worthy of worship; deserving reverence; वर्णनम् (varṇanam) - description; narration;]
(pūjya - worthy of worship; varṇanam - description;)
Description of the worthy of worship.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
के पूज्याः के नमस्कार्याः कान्नमस्यसि भारत। एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व येषां स्पृहयसे नृप ॥१३-८-१॥
ke pūjyāḥ ke namaskāryāḥ kān namasyasi bhārata। etan me sarvam ācakṣva yeṣāṃ spṛhayase nṛpa ॥13-8-1॥
[के (ke) - who; (plural, masculine); पूज्याः (pūjyāḥ) - worthy of worship; (plural, masculine); के (ke) - who; (plural, masculine); नमस्कार्याः (namaskāryāḥ) - worthy of salutation; (plural, masculine); कान् (kān) - whom; (plural, masculine, accusative); नमस्यसि (namasyasi) - do you bow; do you salute; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; (descendant of Bharata); एतत् (etat) - this; (neuter, singular); मे (me) - to me; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; everything; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; declare; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; (plural, masculine, genitive); स्पृहयसे (spṛhayase) - you desire; you long for; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]
(Who are worthy of worship, who are worthy of salutation, whom do you bow to, O Bhārata? This all tell to me, of whom you desire, O king. (13-8-1))
Who are worthy of worship, who are worthy of salutation, whom do you bow to, O Bhārata? Tell me all this, O king, about those whom you desire. (13-8-1)
उत्तमापद्गतस्यापि यत्र ते वर्तते मनः। मनुष्यलोके सर्वस्मिन्यदमुत्रेह चाप्युत ॥१३-८-२॥
uttamāpadgatasya api yatra te vartate manaḥ। manuṣyaloke sarvasmin yad amutra iha ca api uta ॥13-8-2॥
[उत्तम (uttama) - highest; आपद्गतस्य (āpad-gatasya) - of one fallen into calamity; अपि (api) - even; यत्र (yatra) - where; ते (te) - your; वर्तते (vartate) - remains; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; मनुष्यलोके (manuṣya-loke) - in the world of men; सर्वस्मिन् (sarvasmin) - in all; यत् (yat) - that which; अमत्र (amutra) - there (in the other world); इह (iha) - here; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; उत (uta) - also;]
(Even for one fallen into the highest calamity, where your mind remains, in the world of men, in all, that which is there, here, and even also.)
Even for one who has fallen into the greatest misfortune, wherever your mind abides, in the world of men, in all places, that which is there, here, and even so. (13-8-2)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
स्पृहयामि द्विजातीनां येषां ब्रह्म परं धनम्। येषां स्वप्रत्ययः स्वर्गस्तपःस्वाध्यायसाधनः ॥१३-८-३॥
spṛhayāmi dvijātīnām yeṣāṃ brahma paraṃ dhanam। yeṣāṃ svapratyayaḥ svargastapaḥsvādhyāyasādhanaḥ ॥13-8-3॥
[स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire; I long for; द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born; of Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; whose; ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Veda; sacred knowledge; परम् (param) - supreme; highest; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; treasure; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; whose; स्वप्रत्ययः (svapratyayaḥ) - self-conviction; self-confidence; स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven; तपःस्वाध्यायसाधनः (tapaḥsvādhyāyasādhanaḥ) - whose means are austerity and study of the Veda;]
(I desire the twice-born whose supreme wealth is the Veda; whose self-conviction is heaven, whose means are austerity and study of the Veda. (13-8-3))
I long for those twice-born whose highest wealth is the Veda, whose own conviction is their heaven, and whose means are austerity and study of the Veda. (13-8-3)
येषां वृद्धाश्च बालाश्च पितृपैतामहीं धुरम्। उद्वहन्ति न सीदन्ति तेषां वै स्पृहयाम्यहम् ॥१३-८-४॥
yeṣāṃ vṛddhāś ca bālāś ca pitṛpaitāmahīṃ dhuram। udvahanti na sīdanti teṣāṃ vai spṛhayāmy aham ॥13-8-4॥
[येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - elders; च (ca) - and; बालाः (bālāḥ) - children; च (ca) - and; पितृपैतामहीं (pitṛpaitāmahīm) - ancestral (of fathers and grandfathers); धुरम् (dhuram) - burden; उद्वहन्ति (udvahanti) - carry; न (na) - not; सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - sink; तेषां (teṣām) - of them; वै (vai) - indeed; स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Of whom elders and children carry the ancestral burden, do not sink, of them indeed I desire I.)
I truly desire those whose elders and children bear the ancestral burden and do not falter. (13-8-4)
विद्यास्वभिविनीतानां दान्तानां मृदुभाषिणाम्। श्रुतवृत्तोपपन्नानां सदाक्षरविदां सताम् ॥१३-८-५॥
vidyāsvabhivinitānāṃ dāntānāṃ mṛdubhāṣiṇām। śrutavṛttopapannānāṃ sadākṣaravidāṃ satām ॥13-8-5॥
[विद्यासु (vidyāsu) - in knowledges; अभिविनीतानाम् (abhivinitānām) - of those who are well-disciplined; दान्तानाम् (dāntānām) - of those who are self-controlled; मृदुभाषिणाम् (mṛdubhāṣiṇām) - of those who speak gently; श्रुतवृत्तोपपन्नानाम् (śrutavṛttopapannānām) - of those endowed with conduct according to the śruti; सदाक्षरविदाम् (sadākṣaravidām) - of those who know the good syllables; सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous;]
(Of those who are well-disciplined in knowledges, of those who are self-controlled, of those who speak gently, of those endowed with conduct according to the śruti, of those who know the good syllables, of the virtuous.)
Among the virtuous, those who are well-disciplined in knowledge, self-controlled, gentle in speech, endowed with conduct according to the śruti, and who know the good syllables, are praised. (13-8-5)
संसत्सु वदतां येषां हंसानामिव सङ्घशः। मङ्गल्यरूपा रुचिरा दिव्यजीमूतनिःस्वनाः ॥१३-८-६॥
saṁsatsu vadatāṁ yeṣāṁ haṁsānām iva saṅghaśaḥ। maṅgalyarūpā rucirā divyajīmūtaniḥsvanāḥ ॥13-8-6॥
[संसत्सु (saṁsatsu) - in assemblies; वदतां (vadatāṁ) - of those speaking; येषां (yeṣāṁ) - whose; हंसानाम् (haṁsānām) - of swans; इव (iva) - like; सङ्घशः (saṅghaśaḥ) - in groups; मङ्गल्यरूपा (maṅgalyarūpā) - of auspicious form; रुचिरा (rucirā) - charming; दिव्य (divya) - divine; जीमूत (jīmūta) - cloud; निःस्वनाः (niḥsvanāḥ) - having sound;]
(In assemblies, of those speaking, whose, of swans, like, in groups, of auspicious form, charming, divine, cloud, having sound.)
In assemblies, the voices of those whose speech, like the collective sounds of swans, are auspicious in form, charming, and have the divine resonance of clouds. (13-8-6)
सम्यगुच्चारिता वाचः श्रूयन्ते हि युधिष्ठिर। शुश्रूषमाणे नृपतौ प्रेत्य चेह सुखावहाः ॥१३-८-७॥
samyag-ucchāritā vācaḥ śrūyante hi yudhiṣṭhira। śuśrūṣamāṇe nṛpatau pretya ca iha sukhāvahāḥ ॥13-8-7॥
[सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; उच्चारिता (ucchāritā) - uttered; वाचः (vācaḥ) - words; श्रूयन्ते (śrūyante) - are heard; हि (hi) - indeed; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira; शुश्रूषमाणे (śuśrūṣamāṇe) - when listening; नृपतौ (nṛpatau) - to the king; प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death; च (ca) - and; इह (iha) - here; सुखावहाः (sukhāvahāḥ) - bringers of happiness;]
(Properly uttered words are indeed heard, O Yudhiṣṭhira, when the king is listening; after death and here, they are bringers of happiness.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, words that are properly spoken are truly heard when the king is attentive; both in this world and after death, they bring happiness. (13-8-7)
ये चापि तेषां श्रोतारः सदा सदसि संमताः। विज्ञानगुणसम्पन्नास्तेषां च स्पृहयाम्यहम् ॥१३-८-८॥
ye cāpi teṣāṃ śrotāraḥ sadā sadasi saṃmatāḥ। vijñānaguṇasampannāsteṣāṃ ca spṛhayāmyaham ॥13-8-8॥
[ये (ye) - who; (plural); च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; श्रोतारः (śrotāraḥ) - listeners; सदा (sadā) - always; सदसि (sadasi) - in the assembly; संमताः (saṃmatāḥ) - respected; विज्ञानगुणसम्पन्नाः (vijñānaguṇasampannāḥ) - endowed with the quality of knowledge; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; च (ca) - and; स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Who and also of them listeners always in the assembly respected; endowed with the quality of knowledge of them and I desire I.)
And I also desire those among them who are listeners, always respected in the assembly, endowed with the quality of knowledge. (13-8-8)
सुसंस्कृतानि प्रयताः शुचीनि गुणवन्ति च। ददत्यन्नानि तृप्त्यर्थं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो युधिष्ठिर ॥ ये चापि सततं राजंस्तेषां च स्पृहयाम्यहम् ॥१३-८-९॥
susaṃskṛtāni prayatāḥ śucīni guṇavanti ca। dadaty annāni tṛptyarthaṃ brāhmaṇebhyo yudhiṣṭhira ॥ ye cāpi satataṃ rājaṃs teṣāṃ ca spṛhayāmy aham ॥13-8-9॥
[सुसंस्कृतानि (susaṃskṛtāni) - well-prepared; प्रयताः (prayatāḥ) - purified; शुचीनि (śucīni) - clean; गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - possessing qualities; च (ca) - and; ददति (dadati) - give; अन्नानि (annāni) - foods; तृप्त्यर्थं (tṛptyarthaṃ) - for the purpose of satisfaction; ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the Brāhmaṇas; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira; ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; सततं (satataṃ) - always; राजन् (rājan) - O king; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; च (ca) - and; स्पृहयामि (spṛhayāmi) - I desire; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Well-prepared, purified, clean, and possessing qualities foods they give for the purpose of satisfaction to the Brāhmaṇas, O Yudhiṣṭhira. Those who also always, O king, of them and I desire I.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, those who give well-prepared, purified, clean, and virtuous foods to the Brāhmaṇas for their satisfaction—O king, I always desire such people. (13-8-9)
शक्यं ह्येवाहवे योद्धुं न दातुमनसूयितम्। शूरा वीराश्च शतशः सन्ति लोके युधिष्ठिर ॥ तेषां सङ्ख्यायमानानां दानशूरो विशिष्यते ॥१३-८-१०॥
śakyaṃ hyevāhave yoddhuṃ na dātumanasūyitam। śūrā vīrāśca śataśaḥ santi loke yudhiṣṭhira ॥ teṣāṃ saṅkhyāyamānānāṃ dānaśūro viśiṣyate ॥13-8-10॥
[शक्यं (śakyaṃ) - possible; हि (hi) - indeed; एव (eva) - certainly; अहवे (ahave) - in battle; योद्धुं (yoddhuṃ) - to fight; न (na) - not; दातुम् (dātum) - to give; अनसूयितम् (anasūyitam) - without envy; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - valiant men; च (ca) - and; शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds; सन्ति (santi) - are; लोके (loke) - in the world; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; सङ्ख्यायमानानाम् (saṅkhyāyamānānām) - being counted; दानशूरः (dānaśūraḥ) - hero in giving; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels;]
(It is indeed possible to fight in battle, but not to give without envy. Heroes and valiant men by hundreds are in the world, O Yudhishthira. Of them being counted, the hero in giving excels. (13-8-10))
It is certainly possible to find many who can fight bravely in battle, O Yudhishthira, and there are hundreds of heroes and valiant men in the world. But among all those, the one who is heroic in giving without envy stands out above the rest. (13-8-10)
धन्यः स्यां यद्यहं भूयः सौम्य ब्राह्मणकोऽपि वा। कुले जातो धर्मगतिस्तपोविद्यापरायणः ॥१३-८-११॥
dhanyaḥ syāṃ yadyahaṃ bhūyaḥ saumya brāhmaṇako'pi vā। kule jāto dharmagatistapovidyāparāyaṇaḥ ॥13-8-11॥
[धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - fortunate; blessed; स्याम् (syām) - may I be; may I become; यदि (yadi) - if; अहम् (aham) - I; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; once more; सौम्य (saumya) - gentle one; O gentle one; ब्राह्मणकः (brāhmaṇakaḥ) - a little Brāhmaṇa; a Brāhmaṇa; अपि (api) - even; also; वा (vā) - or; कुले (kule) - in a family; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; धर्मगतिः (dharmagatiḥ) - one whose course is righteousness; whose path is dharma; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; penance; विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge; परायणः (parāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to; given to;]
(Fortunate may I be if I again, O gentle one, even as a Brāhmaṇa or otherwise, born in a family, whose course is righteousness, devoted to austerity and knowledge.)
O gentle one, may I be fortunate if I am born again, even as a Brāhmaṇa or otherwise, in a family whose path is righteousness and who is devoted to austerity and knowledge. (13-8-11)
न मे त्वत्तः प्रियतरो लोकेऽस्मिन्पाण्डुनन्दन। त्वत्तश्च मे प्रियतरा ब्राह्मणा भरतर्षभ ॥१३-८-१२॥
na me tvattaḥ priyataro loke'smin pāṇḍunandana। tvattaś ca me priyatarā brāhmaṇā bharatarṣabha ॥13-8-12॥
[न (na) - not; मे (me) - to me; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - than you; प्रियतरः (priyataraḥ) - dearer; लोके (loke) - in the world; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - O son of Pāṇḍu; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - than you; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - to me; प्रियतराः (priyatarāḥ) - dearer; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the Brāhmaṇas; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O bull among the Bharatas;]
(Not to me than you dearer in the world in this, O son of Pāṇḍu. Than you and to me dearer the Brāhmaṇas, O bull among the Bharatas. (13-8-12))
O son of Pāṇḍu, in this world, there is no one dearer to me than you. But, O bull among the Bharatas, the Brāhmaṇas are even dearer to me than you. (13-8-12)
यथा मम प्रियतरास्त्वत्तो विप्राः कुरूद्वह। तेन सत्येन गच्छेयं लोकान्यत्र स शन्तनुः ॥१३-८-१३॥
yathā mama priyatarāstvattō viprāḥ kurūdvaha। tena satyena gaccheyaṁ lokānyatra sa śantanuḥ ॥13-8-13॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; मम (mama) - my; प्रियतराः (priyatarāḥ) - dearer; त्वत्तः (tvattah) - than you; विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; कुरूद्वह (kurūdvaha) - O best of Kurus; तेन (tena) - by that; सत्येन (satyena) - by truth; गच्छेयं (gaccheyaṁ) - may I go; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; यत्र (yatra) - where; स (sa) - he; शन्तनुः (śantanuḥ) - Śantanu;]
(Just as the Brāhmaṇas are dearer to me than you, O best of Kurus, by that truth may I go to the worlds where he, Śantanu, is.)
O best of Kurus, just as the Brāhmaṇas are dearer to me than you, by that truth may I reach the worlds where Śantanu resides. (13-8-13)
न मे पिता प्रियतरो ब्राह्मणेभ्यस्तथाभवत्। न मे पितुः पिता वापि ये चान्येऽपि सुहृज्जनाः ॥१३-८-१४॥
na me pitā priyataro brāhmaṇebhyastathābhavat। na me pituḥ pitā vāpi ye cānye'pi suhṛjjanāḥ ॥13-8-14॥
[न (na) - not; मे (me) - to me; पिता (pitā) - father; प्रियतरः (priyataraḥ) - dearer; ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - than the Brāhmaṇas; तथा (tathā) - so; अभवत् (abhavat) - was; न (na) - not; मे (me) - to me; पितुः (pituḥ) - of my father; पिता (pitā) - father; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; अन्ये (anye) - others; अपि (api) - also; सुहृज्जनाः (suhṛjjanāḥ) - well-wishing people;]
(Not to me father dearer than the Brāhmaṇas so was; not to me of my father father or also who and others also well-wishing people.)
Neither my father was dearer to me than the Brāhmaṇas, nor was my father's father or any other well-wishing people. (13-8-14)
न हि मे वृजिनं किञ्चिद्विद्यते ब्राह्मणेष्विह। अणु वा यदि वा स्थूलं विदितं साधुकर्मभिः ॥१३-८-१५॥
na hi me vṛjinaṃ kiñcid vidyate brāhmaṇeṣv iha। aṇu vā yadi vā sthūlaṃ viditaṃ sādhukarmabhiḥ ॥13-8-15॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - to me; वृजिनं (vṛjinam) - sin; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - even a little; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - in the Brāhmaṇas; इह (iha) - here; अणु (aṇu) - minute; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; स्थूलं (sthūlam) - gross; विदितं (viditam) - known; साधुकर्मभिः (sādhukarmabhiḥ) - by those of good deeds;]
(Not indeed to me sin even a little exists in the Brāhmaṇas here; minute or if or gross, known by those of good deeds.)
Indeed, I have not found even the slightest sin among the Brāhmaṇas here; whether minute or gross, all is known by those of good deeds. (13-8-15)
कर्मणा मनसा वापि वाचा वापि परन्तप। यन्मे कृतं ब्राह्मणेषु तेनाद्य न तपाम्यहम् ॥१३-८-१६॥
karmaṇā manasā vāpi vācā vāpi parantapa। yanme kṛtaṃ brāhmaṇeṣu tenādya na tapāmyaham ॥13-8-16॥
[कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes; यत् (yat) - which; मे (me) - by me; कृतम् (kṛtam) - done; ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - towards Brāhmaṇas; तेन (tena) - by that; अद्य (adya) - today; न (na) - not; तपामि (tapāmi) - I atone; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(By action, by mind, or also by speech, or also, O scorcher of foes, which by me done towards Brāhmaṇas, by that today not I atone I.)
O scorcher of foes, whatever I have done towards Brāhmaṇas, whether by action, mind, or speech, for that today I do not atone. (13-8-16)
ब्रह्मण्य इति मामाहुस्तया वाचास्मि तोषितः। एतदेव पवित्रेभ्यः सर्वेभ्यः परमं स्मृतम् ॥१३-८-१७॥
brahmaṇya iti mām āhus tayā vācāsmi toṣitaḥ। etad eva pavitrebhyaḥ sarvebhyaḥ paramaṃ smṛtam ॥13-8-17॥
[ब्रह्मण्य (brahmaṇya) - devoted to Brahman; इति (iti) - thus; माम् (mām) - me; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; तया (tayā) - by that; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; तोषितः (toṣitaḥ) - pleased; एतत् (etat) - this; एव (eva) - indeed; पवित्रेभ्यः (pavitrebhyaḥ) - than purifiers; सर्वेभ्यः (sarvebhyaḥ) - than all; परम् (param) - supreme; स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is considered;]
(Devoted to Brahman thus me they say; by that speech I am pleased; this indeed than all purifiers is considered supreme;)
They call me 'devoted to Brahman'; by that speech I am pleased. This indeed is considered the supreme among all purifiers. (13-8-17)
पश्यामि लोकानमलाञ्छुचीन्ब्राह्मणयायिनः। तेषु मे तात गन्तव्यमह्नाय च चिराय च ॥१३-८-१८॥
paśyāmi lokānamalāñchucīnbrāhmaṇayāyinaḥ। teṣu me tāta gantavyamahnāya ca cirāya ca ॥13-8-18॥
[पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; अमलान् (amalān) - pure; शुचीन् (śucīn) - spotless; ब्राह्मणयायिनः (brāhmaṇayāyinaḥ) - going to Brahman; तेषु (teṣu) - among them; मे (me) - for me; तात (tāta) - O father; गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - to be gone; अह्नाय (ahnāya) - for a day; च (ca) - and; चिराय (cirāya) - for a long time; च (ca) - and;]
(I see worlds pure spotless going to Brahman; among them for me O father to be gone for a day and for a long time and.)
O father, I see worlds that are pure and spotless, leading to Brahman; among them, I must go, both for a day and for a long time. (13-8-18)
यथा पत्याश्रयो धर्मः स्त्रीणां लोके युधिष्ठिर। स देवः सा गतिर्नान्या क्षत्रियस्य तथा द्विजाः ॥१३-८-१९॥
yathā patyāśrayo dharmaḥ strīṇāṃ loke yudhiṣṭhira। sa devaḥ sā gatirnānyā kṣatriyasya tathā dvijāḥ ॥13-8-19॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; in the manner; as; पत्याश्रयः (patyāśrayaḥ) - dependence on husband; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; righteousness; स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women; लोके (loke) - in the world; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira; सः (saḥ) - he; देवः (devaḥ) - god; सा (sā) - she; गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge; path; न (na) - not; अन्या (anyā) - other; क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a Kshatriya; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; thus; द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born; Brahmins;]
(Just as dependence on the husband is the duty of women in the world, O Yudhishthira, he is god, she is the refuge, there is no other for a Kshatriya, thus for the twice-born.)
O Yudhishthira, just as for women in this world, dependence on the husband is their duty and he is regarded as god and their only refuge, so too for a Kshatriya and for the twice-born, there is no other refuge. (13-8-19)
क्षत्रियः शतवर्षी च दशवर्षी च ब्राह्मणः। पितापुत्रौ च विज्ञेयौ तयोर्हि ब्राह्मणः पिता ॥१३-८-२०॥
kṣatriyaḥ śatavarṣī ca daśavarṣī ca brāhmaṇaḥ। pitāputrau ca vijñeyau tayor hi brāhmaṇaḥ pitā ॥13-8-20॥
[क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - warrior-class man; शतवर्षी (śatavarṣī) - hundred-years-old; च (ca) - and; दशवर्षी (daśavarṣī) - ten-years-old; च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; पितापुत्रौ (pitāputrau) - father and son (dual); च (ca) - and; विज्ञेयौ (vijñeyau) - should be known; तयोः (tayor) - of those two; हि (hi) - indeed; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; पिता (pitā) - father;]
(A kṣatriya, though a hundred years old, and a brāhmaṇa, though ten years old, are to be regarded as father and son; of those two, indeed, the brāhmaṇa is the father.)
Even if a kṣatriya is a hundred years old and a brāhmaṇa only ten, they should be considered as father and son; among them, the brāhmaṇa is to be regarded as the father. (13-8-20)
नारी तु पत्यभावे वै देवरं कुरुते पतिम्। पृथिवी ब्राह्मणालाभे क्षत्रियं कुरुते पतिम् ॥१३-८-२१॥
nārī tu patyabhāve vai devaraṃ kurute patim. pṛthivī brāhmaṇālābhe kṣatriyaṃ kurute patim ॥13-8-21॥
[नारी (nārī) - woman; तु (tu) - but; पत्यभावे (patyabhāve) - in the absence of husband; वै (vai) - indeed; देवरम् (devaram) - the husband's younger brother; कुरुते (kurute) - makes (as); पतिम् (patim) - husband; पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth; ब्राह्मणालाभे (brāhmaṇālābhe) - in the absence of a Brāhmaṇa; क्षत्रियम् (kṣatriyam) - a Kṣatriya; कुरुते (kurute) - makes (as); पतिम् (patim) - husband;]
(Woman but in the absence of husband indeed the husband's younger brother makes (as) husband. Earth in the absence of a Brāhmaṇa a Kṣatriya makes (as) husband. (13-8-21))
But when her husband is absent, a woman indeed takes the husband's younger brother as her husband. When a Brāhmaṇa is not available, the earth accepts a Kṣatriya as her husband. (13-8-21)
पुत्रवच्च ततो रक्ष्या उपास्या गुरुवच्च ते। अग्निवच्चोपचर्या वै ब्राह्मणाः कुरुसत्तम ॥१३-८-२२॥
putravac ca tato rakṣyā upāsyā guruvac ca te। agnivac copacaryā vai brāhmaṇāḥ kurusattama ॥13-8-22॥
[पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like a son; च (ca) - and; ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter; रक्ष्या (rakṣyā) - to be protected; उपास्या (upāsyā) - to be served; गुरुवत् (guruvat) - like a teacher; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - they; अग्निवत् (agnivat) - like fire; च (ca) - and; उपचर्या (upacaryā) - to be honored; वै (vai) - indeed; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - O best of the Kurus;]
(Like a son and thereafter to be protected, to be served, like a teacher and they, like fire and to be honored indeed Brāhmaṇas O best of the Kurus;)
O best of the Kurus, Brāhmaṇas are to be protected like a son, served like a teacher, and honored like fire. (13-8-22)
ऋजून्सतः सत्यशीलान्सर्वभूतहिते रतान्। आशीविषानिव क्रुद्धान्द्विजानुपचरेत्सदा ॥१३-८-२३॥
ṛjūn sataḥ satyaśīlān sarvabhūtahite ratān। āśīviṣān iva kruddhān dvijān upacaret sadā ॥13-8-23॥
[ऋजून् (ṛjūn) - straight; सतः (sataḥ) - good; virtuous; सत्यशीलान् (satyaśīlān) - truthful in conduct; सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings; रतान् (ratān) - engaged; आशीविषान् (āśīviṣān) - venomous snakes; इव (iva) - like; क्रुद्धान् (kruddhān) - angry; द्विजान् (dvijān) - twice-born (Brāhmaṇas); उपचरेत् (upacaret) - should serve; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(Straight, good, truthful in conduct, engaged in the welfare of all beings; like venomous snakes, angry twice-born, one should serve always.)
One should always serve those who are straightforward, virtuous, truthful in conduct, and devoted to the welfare of all beings; and should serve angry Brāhmaṇas as one would handle venomous snakes. (13-8-23)
तेजसस्तपसश्चैव नित्यं बिभ्येद्युधिष्ठिर। उभे चैते परित्याज्ये तेजश्चैव तपस्तथा ॥१३-८-२४॥
tejasastapasaścaiva nityaṃ bibhyedyudhiṣṭhira। ubhe caite parityājye tejaścaiva tapastathā ॥13-8-24॥
[तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - of brilliance; तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; नित्यं (nityam) - always; बिभ्येत् (bibhyet) - should fear; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira; उभे (ubhe) - both; च (ca) - and; एते (ete) - these; परित्याज्ये (parityājye) - to be abandoned; तेजः (tejaḥ) - brilliance; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(Of brilliance, of austerity, and indeed, always should fear, O Yudhiṣṭhira; both and these to be abandoned, brilliance and indeed austerity likewise. (13-8-24))
O Yudhiṣṭhira, one should always be wary of both brilliance and austerity; both of these are to be abandoned—brilliance and austerity alike. (13-8-24)
व्यवसायस्तयोः शीघ्रमुभयोरेव विद्यते। हन्युः क्रुद्धा महाराज ब्राह्मणा ये तपस्विनः ॥१३-८-२५॥
vyavasāyas tayoḥ śīghram ubhayoḥ eva vidyate। hanyuḥ kruddhā mahārāja brāhmaṇā ye tapasvinaḥ ॥13-8-25॥
[व्यवसायः (vyavasāyaḥ) - determination; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two; शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly; उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both; एव (eva) - indeed; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - may kill; क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - angry; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; ये (ye) - who; तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics;]
(Determination of those two quickly indeed exists of both. May kill, angry, O great king, brāhmaṇas who are ascetics.)
O great king, determination quickly arises in both of them. If angry, the brāhmaṇas who are ascetics may kill. (13-8-25)
भूयः स्यादुभयं दत्तं ब्राह्मणाद्यदकोपनात्। कुर्यादुभयतःशेषं दत्तशेषं न शेषयेत् ॥१३-८-२६॥
bhūyaḥ syād ubhayaṃ dattaṃ brāhmaṇād yad akopanāt। kuryād ubhayataḥ śeṣaṃ dattaśeṣaṃ na śeṣayet ॥13-8-26॥
[भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; further; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; may be; उभयं (ubhayaṃ) - both; the two; दत्तं (dattaṃ) - given; offered; ब्राह्मणात् (brāhmaṇāt) - from a brāhmaṇa; from the brāhmaṇa; यत् (yat) - which; that which; अकोपनात् (akopanāt) - from one not angry; from the unangered; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; may do; उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - from both sides; on both sides; शेषं (śeṣaṃ) - remainder; residue; दत्तशेषं (dattaśeṣaṃ) - the remainder of what is given; given remainder; न (na) - not; शेषयेत् (śeṣayet) - should leave; should keep remaining;]
(Again, both should be given from the brāhmaṇa which is from one not angry. One should make the remainder from both sides, the given remainder should not be left.)
Furthermore, both offerings should be made to the brāhmaṇa who is not angry. One should take the remainder from both sides, and should not leave any of the given remainder. (13-8-26)
दण्डपाणिर्यथा गोषु पालो नित्यं स्थिरो भवेत्। ब्राह्मणान्ब्रह्म च तथा क्षत्रियः परिपालयेत् ॥१३-८-२७॥
daṇḍapāṇiryathā goṣu pālo nityaṃ sthiro bhavet। brāhmaṇānbrahma ca tathā kṣatriyaḥ paripālayet ॥13-8-27॥
[दण्डपाणिः (daṇḍapāṇiḥ) - staff-handed; (one) holding a staff; यथा (yathā) - just as; in the manner; गोषु (goṣu) - among cows; पालः (pālaḥ) - protector; herdsman; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; constantly; स्थिरः (sthiraḥ) - firm; steady; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; may be; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins; (accusative plural of brāhmaṇa); ब्रह्म (brahma) - Veda; sacred knowledge; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; thus; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Kṣatriya; warrior; परिपालयेत् (paripālayet) - should protect; should guard;]
(Staff-handed just as among cows the protector always firm should be; Brahmins Veda and in the same way the Kṣatriya should protect. (13-8-27))
Just as a staff-bearing herdsman should always be firm among cows, so too should the Kṣatriya protect the Brahmins and the Veda in the same way. (13-8-27)
पितेव पुत्रान्रक्षेथा ब्राह्मणान्ब्रह्मतेजसः। गृहे चैषामवेक्षेथाः कच्चिदस्तीह जीवनम् ॥१३-८-२८॥
piteva putrān rakṣethā brāhmaṇān brahmatejasaḥ। gṛhe ca eṣām avekṣethāḥ kaccid asti iha jīvanam ॥13-8-28॥
[पितेव (piteva) - like a father; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; रक्षेथा (rakṣethā) - you should protect; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; ब्रह्मतेजसः (brahmatejasaḥ) - of spiritual brilliance; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; च (ca) - and; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; अवेक्षेथाः (avekṣethāḥ) - you should look after; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अस्ति (asti) - there is; इह (iha) - here; जीवनम् (jīvanam) - livelihood;]
(Like a father sons you should protect Brāhmaṇas of spiritual brilliance in the house and of these you should look after whether there is here livelihood.)
You should protect Brāhmaṇas of spiritual brilliance like a father protects his sons, and in your house you should look after their well-being, ensuring that they have a livelihood here. (13-8-28)
