13.009

सृगालवानरसंवादः

sṛgālavānarasaṃvādaḥ

[सृगाल (sṛgāla) - jackal; वानर (vānara) - monkey; संवादः (saṃvādaḥ) - dialogue;]

(jackal; monkey; dialogue;)

The dialogue between the jackal and the monkey.

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

ब्राह्मणानां तु ये लोके प्रतिश्रुत्य पितामह। न प्रयच्छन्ति मोहात्ते के भवन्ति महामते ॥१३-९-१॥

brāhmaṇānāṃ tu ye loke pratiśrutya pitāmaha। na prayacchanti mohāt te ke bhavanti mahāmate ॥13-9-1॥

[ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brāhmaṇas; तु (tu) - but; ये (ye) - who; लोके (loke) - in the world; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire; न (na) - not; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - give; मोहात् (mohāt) - out of delusion; ते (te) - they; के (ke) - who; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one;]

(Of the Brāhmaṇas but who in the world, having promised, O grandsire, do not give out of delusion, they who become, O great-minded one?)

O grandsire, who are those in the world, among the Brāhmaṇas, who, having promised, do not give out of delusion, O great-minded one? (13-9-1)

एतन्मे तत्त्वतो ब्रूहि धर्मं धर्मभृतां वर। प्रतिश्रुत्य दुरात्मानो न प्रयच्छन्ति ये नराः ॥१३-९-२॥

etan me tattvato brūhi dharmaṃ dharmabhṛtāṃ vara। pratiśrutya durātmāno na prayacchanti ye narāḥ ॥13-9-2॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; मे (me) - to me; तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly; in essence; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; speak; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - duty; righteousness; धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of dharma; वर (vara) - best; chief; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; दुरात्मानः (durātmānaḥ) - evil-minded ones; न (na) - not; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - give; grant; ये (ye) - who; नराः (narāḥ) - men;]

(This to me truly tell, duty, O best of the upholders of dharma; having promised, evil-minded men do not give, who men.)

O best among the upholders of dharma, tell me this truly: What is the duty? Those men who are evil-minded do not give after promising. (13-9-2)

भीष्म उवाच॥

bhīṣma uvāca॥

[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; (name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Bhishma said;)

Bhishma said.

यो न दद्यात्प्रतिश्रुत्य स्वल्पं वा यदि वा बहु। आशास्तस्य हताः सर्वाः क्लीबस्येव प्रजाफलम् ॥१३-९-३॥

yo na dadyātpratiśrutya svalpaṃ vā yadi vā bahu। āśāstasya hatāḥ sarvāḥ klībasyeva prajāphalam ॥13-9-3॥

[यः (yaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; स्वल्पम् (svalpam) - a little; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; बहु (bahu) - much; आशाः (āśāḥ) - hopes; तस्य (tasya) - his; हताः (hatāḥ) - destroyed; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; क्लीबस्य (klībasya) - of a powerless man; इव (iva) - like; प्रजाफलम् (prajāphalam) - offspring's fruit;]

(Who, not should give, having promised, a little or if or much; hopes his destroyed all, of a powerless man like, offspring's fruit.)

If a person does not give what he has promised, whether little or much, all his hopes are destroyed, just like the offspring of a powerless man. (13-9-3)

यां रात्रिं जायते पापो यां च रात्रिं विनश्यति। एतस्मिन्नन्तरे यद्यत्सुकृतं तस्य भारत ॥ यच्च तस्य हुतं किञ्चित्सर्वं तस्योपहन्यते ॥१३-९-४॥

yāṃ rātriṃ jāyate pāpo yāṃ ca rātriṃ vinaśyati। etasminnantare yadyatsukṛtaṃ tasya bhārata ॥ yac ca tasya hutaṃ kiñcit sarvaṃ tasyopahanyate ॥13-9-4॥

[याम् (yām) - which; (feminine accusative singular); रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night; (accusative singular); जायते (jāyate) - is born; arises; पापः (pāpaḥ) - sin; evil deed; याम् (yām) - which; (feminine accusative singular); च (ca) - and; रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night; (accusative singular); विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - is destroyed; perishes; एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this; (locative singular); अन्तरे (antare) - interval; in-between; (locative singular); यत् (yat) - whatever; which; यत् (yat) - whatever; which; सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good deed; meritorious act; तस्य (tasya) - of him; his; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; descendant of Bharata; यत् (yat) - whatever; which; च (ca) - and; तस्य (tasya) - of him; his; हुतम् (hutam) - offering; oblation; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; whatever; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; everything; तस्य (tasya) - of him; his; उपहन्यते (upahanyate) - is destroyed; is nullified;]

(Which night sin is born, and which night it is destroyed; in this interval, whatever good deed of his, O Bhārata, and whatever offering of his, anything, all of his is destroyed. (13-9-4))

The night in which sin is born and the night in which it is destroyed—in this interval, O Bhārata, whatever good deed or offering he has made, all of it is nullified. (13-9-4)

अत्रैतद्वचनं प्राहुर्धर्मशास्त्रविदो जनाः। निशम्य भरतश्रेष्ठ बुद्ध्या परमयुक्तया ॥१३-९-५॥

atraitadvacanaṃ prāhur dharmaśāstravido janāḥ। niśamya bharataśreṣṭha buddhyā paramayuktayā ॥13-9-5॥

[अत्र (atra) - here; एतद् (etad) - this; वचनम् (vacanam) - statement; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - said; धर्मशास्त्रविदः (dharmaśāstravidaḥ) - knowers of dharmaśāstra; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard; भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intellect; परमयुक्तया (paramayuktayā) - with supreme reasoning;]

(Here, this statement the knowers of dharmaśāstra, people, said; having heard, O best of the Bharatas, with intellect, with supreme reasoning.)

Here, O best of the Bharatas, the people who know the dharmaśāstra, having heard this statement, spoke with intellect and supreme reasoning. (13-9-5)

अपि चोदाहरन्तीमं धर्मशास्त्रविदो जनाः। अश्वानां श्यामकर्णानां सहस्रेण स मुच्यते ॥१३-९-६॥

api codāharantīmaṁ dharmaśāstravido janāḥ। aśvānāṁ śyāmakarṇānāṁ sahasreṇa sa mucyate ॥13-9-6॥

[अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - cite; इमं (imaṁ) - this; धर्मशास्त्रविदः (dharmaśāstravidaḥ) - knowers of dharmaśāstra; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses; श्यामकर्णानाम् (śyāmakarṇānām) - of black-eared; सहस्रेण (sahasreṇa) - by a thousand; सः (saḥ) - he; मुच्यते (mucyate) - is released;]

(Also and cite this knowers of dharmaśāstra people. Of horses of black-eared by a thousand he is released.)

Moreover, the people who know the dharmaśāstra also cite this: by a thousand black-eared horses, he is released. (13-9-6)

अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। सृगालस्य च संवादं वानरस्य च भारत ॥१३-९-७॥

atraivodāharantīmam-itihāsaṃ purātanam। sṛgālasya ca saṃvādaṃ vānarasya ca bhārata ॥13-9-7॥

[अत्रैव (atraiva) - right here; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite; इमम् (imam) - this; इतिहासं (itihāsaṃ) - history; पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient; सृगालस्य (sṛgālasya) - of the jackal; च (ca) - and; संवादं (saṃvādaṃ) - dialogue; वानरस्य (vānarasya) - of the monkey; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Right here they cite this ancient history; the dialogue of the jackal and of the monkey, O Bhārata.)

Right here, O Bhārata, they recount this ancient story: the conversation between the jackal and the monkey. (13-9-7)

तौ सखायौ पुरा ह्यास्तां मानुषत्वे परन्तप। अन्यां योनिं समापन्नौ सार्गालीं वानरीं तथा ॥१३-९-८॥

tau sakhāyau purā hyāstāṃ mānuṣatve parantapa। anyāṃ yoniṃ samāpannau sārgālīṃ vānarīṃ tathā ॥13-9-8॥

[तौ (tau) - those two; सखायौ (sakhāyau) - friends (dual); पुरा (purā) - formerly; हि (hi) - indeed; आस्तां (āstāṃ) - were (dual); मानुषत्वे (mānuṣatve) - in human state; परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes; अन्यां (anyāṃ) - another; योनिं (yoniṃ) - womb; समापन्नौ (samāpannau) - having attained (dual); सार्गालीं (sārgālīṃ) - jackal (female); वानरीं (vānarīṃ) - monkey (female); तथा (tathā) - also;]

(Those two friends formerly indeed were in human state, O scorcher of foes; having attained another womb, (as) a jackal (female), (and) a monkey (female) also.)

Those two friends were formerly humans, O scorcher of foes; they were later born in other wombs, one as a female jackal and the other as a female monkey. (13-9-8)

ततः परासून्खादन्तं सृगालं वानरोऽब्रवीत्। श्मशानमध्ये सम्प्रेक्ष्य पूर्वजातिमनुस्मरन् ॥१३-९-९॥

tataḥ parāsūnkhādantaṃ sṛgālaṃ vānarobravīt। śmaśānamadhye samprekṣya pūrvajātimanusmaran ॥13-9-9॥

[ततः (tataḥ) - then; from that; परासून् (parāsūn) - another's flesh; others' vital essence; खादन्तं (khādantam) - eating; devouring; सृगालं (sṛgālam) - jackal; वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; spoke; श्मशानमध्ये (śmaśānamadhye) - in the midst of the cremation ground; सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having observed; having seen; पूर्वजातिम् (pūrvajātim) - former birth; previous existence; अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering; recalling;]

(Then, seeing the jackal eating another's flesh, the monkey said (to him) in the midst of the cremation ground, remembering his former birth.)

Then, in the midst of the cremation ground, the monkey, recalling his previous existence, saw the jackal eating another's flesh and spoke to him. (13-9-9)

किं त्वया पापकं कर्म कृतं पूर्वं सुदारुणम्। यस्त्वं श्मशाने मृतकान्पूतिकानत्सि कुत्सितान् ॥१३-९-१०॥

kiṁ tvayā pāpakaṁ karma kṛtaṁ pūrvaṁ sudāruṇam। yastvaṁ śmaśāne mṛtakānpūtikānatsi kutsitān ॥13-9-10॥

[किं (kiṁ) - what; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; पापकं (pāpakaṁ) - sinful; कर्म (karma) - action; कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - done; पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - previously; सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - very terrible; यः (yaḥ) - who; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in the cremation ground; मृतकान् (mṛtakān) - the dead; पूतिकान् (pūtikān) - putrid; अत्सि (atsi) - eat; कुत्सितान् (kutsitān) - despicable;]

(What by you sinful action done previously very terrible; who you in the cremation ground the dead putrid eat despicable;)

What very terrible sinful action did you do previously, that you, who eat the putrid, despicable dead in the cremation ground? (13-9-10)

एवमुक्तः प्रत्युवाच सृगालो वानरं तदा। ब्राह्मणस्य प्रतिश्रुत्य न मया तदुपाकृतम् ॥१३-९-११॥

evam-uktaḥ pratyuvāca sṛgālo vānaraṃ tadā। brāhmaṇasya pratiśrutya na mayā tad-upākṛtam ॥13-9-11॥

[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken to; प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; सृगालः (sṛgālaḥ) - the jackal; वानरम् (vānaram) - to the monkey; तदा (tadā) - then; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brāhmaṇa; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; न (na) - not; मया (mayā) - by me; तत् (tat) - that; उपाकृतम् (upākṛtam) - was done (a favor);]

(Thus having been spoken to, the jackal replied to the monkey then: 'Of the brāhmaṇa, having promised, not by me that was done (a favor).' (13-9-11))

Thus addressed, the jackal then replied to the monkey: 'Having promised the brāhmaṇa, I did not do that favor.' (13-9-11)

तत्कृते पापिकां योनिमापन्नोऽस्मि प्लवङ्गम। तस्मादेवंविधं भक्ष्यं भक्षयामि बुभुक्षितः ॥१३-९-१२॥

tatkṛte pāpikāṃ yonim āpanno'smi plavaṅgama। tasmād evaṃ-vidhaṃ bhakṣyaṃ bhakṣayāmi bubhukṣitaḥ ॥13-9-12॥

[तत्कृते (tat-kṛte) - for that reason; पापिकां (pāpikām) - sinful; योनिम् (yonim) - birth; आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - attained; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; प्लवङ्गम (plavaṅgama) - O monkey; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; एवंविधम् (evaṃ-vidham) - of such kind; भक्ष्यम् (bhakṣyam) - food; भक्षयामि (bhakṣayāmi) - I eat; बुभुक्षितः (bubhukṣitaḥ) - hungry;]

(For that reason, sinful birth attained I am, O monkey; therefore, such kind of food I eat, hungry.)

O monkey, because of that, I have attained a sinful birth; therefore, being hungry, I eat such food. (13-9-12)

इत्येतद्ब्रुवतो राजन्ब्राह्मणस्य मया श्रुतम्। कथां कथयतः पुण्यां धर्मज्ञस्य पुरातनीम् ॥१३-९-१३॥

ity etad bruvato rājan brāhmaṇasya mayā śrutam। kathāṃ kathayataḥ puṇyāṃ dharmajñasya purātanīm ॥13-9-13॥

[इति (iti) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - speaking; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brāhmaṇa; मया (mayā) - by me; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard; कथाम् (kathām) - story; कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - narrating; पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - meritorious; धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of the knower of dharma; पुरातनीम् (purātanīm) - ancient;]

(Thus this, as spoken by the brāhmaṇa, O king, was heard by me. The meritorious ancient story of the knower of dharma, as narrated.)

O king, thus I heard this meritorious ancient story of the knower of dharma as narrated by the brāhmaṇa. (13-9-13)

श्रुतं चापि मया भूयः कृष्णस्यापि विशां पते। कथां कथयतः पूर्वं ब्राह्मणं प्रति पाण्डव ॥१३-९-१४॥

śrutaṃ cāpi mayā bhūyaḥ kṛṣṇasyāpi viśāṃ pate. kathāṃ kathayataḥ pūrvaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ prati pāṇḍava ॥13-9-14॥

[श्रुतं (śrutam) - heard; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; मया (mayā) - by me; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; कृष्णस्य (kṛṣṇasya) - of Kṛṣṇa; अपि (api) - also; विशां (viśām) - of men; पते (pate) - O lord; कथां (kathām) - story; कथयतः (kathayataḥ) - speaking; पूर्वं (pūrvam) - before; ब्राह्मणं (brāhmaṇam) - to the Brāhmaṇa; प्रति (prati) - towards; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava;]

(Heard and also by me again of Kṛṣṇa also, O lord of men, the story as he was speaking before to the Brāhmaṇa, towards, O Pāṇḍava.)

O Pāṇḍava, I have also heard again the story that Kṛṣṇa spoke earlier to the Brāhmaṇa, O lord of men. (13-9-14)

एवमेव च मां नित्यं ब्राह्मणाः संदिशन्ति वै। प्रतिश्रुत्य भवेद्देयं नाशा कार्या हि ब्राह्मणैः ॥१३-९-१५॥

evameva ca māṃ nityaṃ brāhmaṇāḥ saṃdiśanti vai। pratiśrutya bhaveddeyaṃ nāśā kāryā hi brāhmaṇaiḥ ॥13-9-15॥

[एवम् (evam) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - me; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; संदिशन्ति (saṃdiśanti) - instruct; वै (vai) - indeed; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; देयम् (deyam) - to be given; न (na) - not; आशा (āśā) - expectation; कार्या (kāryā) - to be made; हि (hi) - indeed; ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brāhmaṇas;]

(Thus indeed and me always Brāhmaṇas instruct indeed; having promised should be given, not expectation to be made indeed by Brāhmaṇas; (13-9-15))

In this way, Brāhmaṇas always instruct me: "Having promised, one should give; Brāhmaṇas should not create expectation." (13-9-15)

ब्राह्मणो ह्याशया पूर्वं कृतया पृथिवीपते। सुसमिद्धो यथा दीप्तः पावकस्तद्विधः स्मृतः ॥१३-९-१६॥

brāhmaṇo hyāśayā pūrvaṃ kṛtayā pṛthivīpate। susamiddho yathā dīptaḥ pāvakastadvidhaḥ smṛtaḥ ॥13-9-16॥

[ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; a Brāhmaṇa; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; आशया (āśayā) - by intention; by motive; पूर्वं (pūrvam) - formerly; previously; कृतया (kṛtayā) - by action; by deed; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth; सुसमिद्धः (susamiddhaḥ) - well-kindled; well-ignited; यथा (yathā) - just as; like; दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - shining; blazing; पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire; purifier; तद्विधः (tadvidhaḥ) - of that kind; such; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered; is regarded;]

(The Brāhmaṇa indeed, by intention previously made, O lord of the earth, well-kindled just as blazing fire, of that kind is remembered.)

O lord of the earth, a Brāhmaṇa who is well-kindled by intention and previous action is regarded as being like blazing fire. (13-9-16)

यं निरीक्षेत सङ्क्रुद्ध आशया पूर्वजातया। प्रदहेत हि तं राजन्कक्षमक्षय्यभुग्यथा ॥१३-९-१७॥

yaṃ nirīkṣeta saṅkruddha āśayā pūrvajātayā। pradahéta hi taṃ rājan kakṣam akṣayya-bhuk yathā ॥13-9-17॥

[यं (yaṃ) - whom; निरीक्षेत (nirīkṣeta) - might look at; सङ्क्रुद्ध (saṅkruddha) - very angry; आशया (āśayā) - with intention; पूर्वजातया (pūrvajātayā) - from previous birth; प्रदहेत (pradahéta) - might burn; हि (hi) - indeed; तं (taṃ) - him; राजन् (rājan) - O king; कक्षमक्षय्यभुग्यथा (kakṣam akṣayya-bhuk yathā) - as fire consuming inexhaustible fuel;]

(Whom a very angry person might look at with intention from previous birth, might indeed burn him, O king, as fire consuming inexhaustible fuel.)

O king, when a very angry person looks at someone with an intention carried from a previous birth, he might indeed burn him up, just as fire consumes inexhaustible fuel. (13-9-17)

स एव हि यदा तुष्टो वचसा प्रतिनन्दति। भवत्यगदसङ्काशो विषये तस्य भारत ॥१३-९-१८॥

sa eva hi yadā tuṣṭo vacasā pratinandati। bhavatyagadasaṅkāśo viṣaye tasya bhārata ॥13-9-18॥

[स (sa) - he; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; यदा (yadā) - when; तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased; वचसा (vacasā) - with speech; प्रतिनन्दति (pratinandati) - greets; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; अगदसङ्काशः (agadasaṅkāśaḥ) - like a remedy; विषये (viṣaye) - in the matter; तस्य (tasya) - of him; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(He indeed for when pleased with speech greets, becomes like a remedy in the matter of him, O Bhārata.)

O Bhārata, when he is pleased and greets with words, he becomes like a remedy in that person's matter. (13-9-18)

पुत्रान्पौत्रान्पशूंश्चैव बान्धवान्सचिवांस्तथा। पुरं जनपदं चैव शान्तिरिष्टेव पुष्यति ॥१३-९-१९॥

putrānpautrānpaśūṃścaiva bāndhavānsacivāṃstathā। puraṃ janapadaṃ caiva śāntiriṣṭeva puṣyati ॥13-9-19॥

[पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons; पशूंश् (paśūṃś) - cattle; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; बान्धवान् (bāndhavān) - relatives; सचिवान् (sacivān) - ministers; तथा (tathā) - likewise; पुरम् (puram) - city; जनपदं (janapadaṃ) - country; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - peace; इष्टेव (iṣṭā iva) - like a desired (sacrifice); पुष्यति (puṣyati) - nourishes;]

(Peace indeed nourishes sons, grandsons, cattle, relatives, ministers likewise, city, and country, like a desired (sacrifice).)

Peace, like a desired sacrifice, indeed nourishes sons, grandsons, cattle, relatives, ministers, as well as the city and the country. (13-9-19)

एतद्धि परमं तेजो ब्राह्मणस्येह दृश्यते। सहस्रकिरणस्येव सवितुर्धरणीतले ॥१३-९-२०॥

etaddhi paramaṃ tejo brāhmaṇasyeha dṛśyate। sahasrakiraṇasyeva saviturdharaṇītale ॥13-9-20॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; हि (hi) - indeed; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; तेजः (tejaḥ) - splendor; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brāhmaṇa; इह (iha) - here; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; सहस्रकिरणस्य (sahasrakiraṇasya) - of the thousand-rayed; इव (iva) - like; सवितुः (savituḥ) - of Savitṛ (the Sun); धरणीतले (dharaṇītale) - on the surface of the earth;]

(This indeed supreme splendor of the brāhmaṇa here is seen; of the thousand-rayed like of Savitṛ (the Sun) on the surface of the earth.)

This, indeed, is the supreme splendor of the brāhmaṇa seen here, like that of the thousand-rayed Savitṛ (the Sun) on the surface of the earth. (13-9-20)

तस्माद्दातव्यमेवेह प्रतिश्रुत्य युधिष्ठिर। यदीच्छेच्छोभनां जातिं प्राप्तुं भरतसत्तम ॥१३-९-२१॥

tasmāddātavyameveha pratiśrutya yudhiṣṭhira। yadīcchecchobhanāṃ jātiṃ prāptuṃ bharatasattama ॥13-9-21॥

[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - should be given; एव (eva) - indeed; इह (iha) - here; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira; यदि (yadi) - if; इच्छेत् (icchet) - one desires; शोभनाम् (śobhanām) - excellent; जातिम् (jātim) - birth; प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to attain; भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of the Bharatas;]

(Therefore, it should indeed be given here, having promised, O Yudhishthira; if one desires to attain excellent birth, O best of the Bharatas.)

Therefore, O Yudhishthira, having promised, one should certainly give here, if one wishes to attain an excellent birth, O best of the Bharatas. (13-9-21)

ब्राह्मणस्य हि दत्तेन ध्रुवं स्वर्गो ह्यनुत्तमः। शक्यं प्राप्तुं विशेषेण दानं हि महती क्रिया ॥१३-९-२२॥

brāhmaṇasya hi dattena dhruvaṃ svargo hyanuttamaḥ। śakyaṃ prāptuṃ viśeṣeṇa dānaṃ hi mahatī kriyā ॥13-9-22॥

[ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa; हि (hi) - indeed; दत्तेन (dattena) - by what is given; ध्रुवं (dhruvam) - certain; स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven; हि (hi) - indeed; अनुत्तमः (anuttamaḥ) - unsurpassed; शक्यं (śakyam) - possible; प्राप्तुं (prāptum) - to obtain; विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially; दानं (dānam) - gift; हि (hi) - indeed; महती (mahatī) - great; क्रिया (kriyā) - act;]

(Of the Brāhmaṇa indeed by what is given, certain heaven indeed unsurpassed; possible to obtain especially gift indeed great act;)

Indeed, by giving to a Brāhmaṇa, heaven—certain and unsurpassed—can be attained; especially, giving is indeed a great act. (13-9-22)

इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवताः पितरस्तथा। तस्माद्दानानि देयानि ब्राह्मणेभ्यो विजानता ॥१३-९-२३॥

ito dattena jīvanti devatāḥ pitaras tathā। tasmād dānāni deyāni brāhmaṇebhyo vijānatā ॥13-9-23॥

[इतो (ito) - from this; दत्तेन (dattena) - by what is given; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - live; देवताः (devatāḥ) - deities; पितरः (pitarah) - ancestors; तथा (tathā) - likewise; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; दानानि (dānāni) - gifts; देयानि (deyāni) - should be given; ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the Brāhmaṇas; विजानता (vijānatā) - by one who knows;]

(From this, by what is given, live the deities, the ancestors likewise; therefore, gifts should be given to the Brāhmaṇas by one who knows.)

It is by offerings such as these that the gods and likewise the ancestors are sustained; therefore, one who understands should give gifts to the Brāhmaṇas. (13-9-23)

महद्धि भरतश्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मणस्तीर्थमुच्यते। वेलायां न तु कस्याञ्चिद्गच्छेद्विप्रो ह्यपूजितः ॥१३-९-२४॥

mahaddhi bharataśreṣṭha brāhmaṇastīrthamucyate। velāyāṃ na tu kasyāñcidgacchedvipro hyapūjitaḥ ॥13-9-24॥

[महत् (mahat) - great; हि (hi) - indeed; भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa; तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - a sacred place; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; वेलायाम् (velāyām) - at the time (of worship); न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; कस्याञ्चित् (kasyāñcit) - to anyone; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brāhmaṇa; हि (hi) - indeed; अपूजितः (apūjitaḥ) - unhonored;]

(Great indeed, O best of the Bharatas, a Brāhmaṇa is called a sacred place; at the time (of worship), but not to anyone should a Brāhmaṇa go unhonored indeed.)

O best of the Bharatas, a Brāhmaṇa is truly regarded as a sacred place; however, at the time of worship, a Brāhmaṇa should not go to anyone unhonored. (13-9-24)