13.010
नीचस्योपदेशनिषेधः
nīcasyopadeśaniṣedhaḥ
[नीचस्य (nīcasya) - of the low; of the base; उपदेश (upadeśa) - instruction; teaching; निषेधः (niṣedhaḥ) - prohibition; restriction;]
(Of the low, instruction, prohibition;)
Prohibition of instructing the base person.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
मित्रसौहृदभावेन उपदेशं करोति यः। जात्यावरस्य राजर्षे दोषस्तस्य भवेन्न वा ॥१३-१०-१॥
mitrasauhṛdabāvena upadeśaṃ karoti yaḥ। jātyāvarasya rājarṣe doṣas tasya bhaven na vā ॥13-10-1॥
[मित्र (mitra) - friend; सौहृद (sauhṛda) - friendship; भावेन (bhāvena) - with the feeling; उपदेशं (upadeśam) - instruction; करोति (karoti) - does; यः (yaḥ) - who; जात्य (jātya) - by birth; अवरस्य (avarasya) - of the inferior; राजर्षे (rājarṣe) - O royal sage; दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault; तस्य (tasya) - of him; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or;]
(Who does instruction with the feeling of friendship, O royal sage, by birth of the inferior, fault of him may be or not.)
O royal sage, if one gives instruction with a feeling of friendship to one of lower birth, is it a fault for him or not? (13-10-1)
एतदिच्छामि तत्त्वेन व्याख्यातुं वै पितामह। सूक्ष्मा गतिर्हि धर्मस्य यत्र मुह्यन्ति मानवाः ॥१३-१०-२॥
etadicchāmi tattvena vyākhyātuṃ vai pitāmaha। sūkṣmā gatirhi dharmasya yatra muhyanti mānavāḥ ॥13-10-2॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in truth; व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain; वै (vai) - indeed; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire; सूक्ष्मा (sūkṣmā) - subtle; गतिः (gatiḥ) - course; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; यत्र (yatra) - where; मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - become deluded; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - men;]
(This I desire in truth to explain indeed, O grandsire; subtle is the course indeed of dharma, where men become deluded.)
O grandsire, I wish you to explain this truly; for the path of dharma is subtle, and it is where men become confused. (13-10-2)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि शृणु राजन्यथागमम्। ऋषीणां वदतां पूर्वं श्रुतमासीद्यथा मया ॥१३-१०-३॥
atra te vartayiṣyāmi śṛṇu rājanyathāgamam। ṛṣīṇāṃ vadatāṃ pūrvaṃ śrutam āsīd yathā mayā ॥13-10-3॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; ते (te) - to you; वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall relate; शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; राजन् (rājan) - O king; यथा (yathā) - as; आगमम् (āgamam) - tradition; ऋषीणां (ṛṣīṇāṃ) - of the sages; वदतां (vadatāṃ) - of those speaking; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; यथा (yathā) - as; मया (mayā) - by me;]
(Here to you I shall relate; listen O king; as tradition; of the sages; of those speaking; formerly; heard; was; as; by me;)
Here, O king, I shall relate to you; listen, as I have heard the ancient tradition of the sages, as it was formerly spoken by them. (13-10-3)
उपदेशो न कर्तव्यो जातिहीनस्य कस्यचित्। उपदेशे महान्दोष उपाध्यायस्य भाष्यते ॥१३-१०-४॥
upadeśo na kartavyo jātihīnasya kasyacit। upadeśe mahāndoṣa upādhyāyasya bhāṣyate ॥13-10-4॥
[उपदेशः (upadeśaḥ) - instruction; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - to be done; जातिहीनस्य (jātihīnasya) - of one devoid of caste; कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone; उपदेशे (upadeśe) - in instruction; महान् (mahān) - great; दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault; उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya) - of the teacher; भाष्यते (bhāṣyate) - is spoken;]
(Instruction not to be done of one devoid of caste of anyone. In instruction great fault of the teacher is spoken.)
Instruction should not be given to anyone who is devoid of caste. In giving instruction, a great fault of the teacher is mentioned. (13-10-4)
निदर्शनमिदं राजञ्शृणु मे भरतर्षभ। दुरुक्तवचने राजन्यथा पूर्वं युधिष्ठिर ॥ ब्रह्माश्रमपदे वृत्तं पार्श्वे हिमवतः शुभे ॥१३-१०-५॥
nidarśanam idaṁ rājan śṛṇu me bharatarṣabha। duruktavacane rājan yathā pūrvaṁ yudhiṣṭhira ॥ brahmāśramapade vṛttaṁ pārśve himavataḥ śubhe ॥13-10-5॥
[निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example; इदं (idaṁ) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; मे (me) - my; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; दुरुक्तवचने (duruktavacane) - in the matter of harsh speech; राजन् (rājan) - O king; यथा (yathā) - as; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; ब्रह्माश्रमपदे (brahmāśramapade) - in the place of the hermitage of the Brahman; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - occurred; पार्श्वे (pārśve) - beside; हिमवतः (himavataḥ) - of the Himalaya; शुभे (śubhe) - auspicious;]
(Example this O king hear my bull among the Bharatas; in the matter of harsh speech O king as formerly Yudhishthira; in the place of the hermitage of the Brahman occurred beside of the Himalaya auspicious.)
O king, hear from me this example, O bull among the Bharatas. In the matter of harsh speech, O king, as formerly happened to Yudhishthira in the hermitage of the Brahman, beside the auspicious Himalaya. (13-10-5)
तत्राश्रमपदं पुण्यं नानावृक्षगणायुतम्। बहुगुल्मलताकीर्णं मृगद्विजनिषेवितम् ॥१३-१०-६॥
tatrāśramapadaṃ puṇyaṃ nānāvṛkṣagaṇāyutam। bahugulmalatākīrṇaṃ mṛgadvijaniṣevitam ॥13-10-6॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; आश्रमपदं (āśramapadam) - hermitage-place; पुण्यं (puṇyam) - holy; नाना (nānā) - various; वृक्ष (vṛkṣa) - tree; गण (gaṇa) - group; आयुतम् (āyutam) - endowed with; बहु (bahu) - many; गुल्म (gulma) - bush; लता (latā) - creeper; कीर्णं (kīrṇam) - scattered; मृग (mṛga) - deer; द्विज (dvija) - bird; निषेवितम् (niṣevitam) - inhabited;]
(There hermitage-place holy various tree group endowed with, many bush creeper scattered, deer bird inhabited.)
There was a holy hermitage, endowed with groups of various trees, scattered with many bushes and creepers, and inhabited by deer and birds. (13-10-6)
सिद्धचारणसङ्घुष्टं रम्यं पुष्पितकाननम्। व्रतिभिर्बहुभिः कीर्णं तापसैरुपशोभितम् ॥१३-१०-७॥
siddhacāraṇasaṅghuṣṭaṃ ramyaṃ puṣpitakānanam। vratibhirbahubhiḥ kīrṇaṃ tāpasairupaśobhitam ॥13-10-7॥
[सिद्ध (siddha) - perfected being; चारण (cāraṇa) - celestial minstrel; सङ्घुष्टं (saṅghuṣṭam) - resounded; रम्यं (ramyam) - beautiful; पुष्पित (puṣpita) - flowered; काननम् (kānanam) - forest; व्रतिभिः (vratibhiḥ) - by ascetics; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many; कीर्णं (kīrṇam) - scattered; तापसैः (tāpasaiḥ) - by ascetics; उपशोभितम् (upaśobhitam) - adorned;]
(A forest resounded by perfected beings and celestial minstrels, beautiful, flowered, scattered with many ascetics, adorned by ascetics.)
A beautiful, flower-filled forest, resounding with the presence of Siddhas and Charanas, was adorned and filled with many ascetics. (13-10-7)
ब्राह्मणैश्च महाभागैः सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभैः। नियमव्रतसम्पन्नैः समाकीर्णं तपस्विभिः ॥ दीक्षितैर्भरतश्रेष्ठ यताहारैः कृतात्मभिः ॥१३-१०-८॥
brāhmaṇaiś ca mahābhāgaiḥ sūryajvalanasaṃnibhaiḥ। niyamavratasampannaiḥ samākīrṇaṃ tapasvibhiḥ ॥ dīkṣitair bharataśreṣṭha yatāhāraiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ ॥13-10-8॥
[ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; महाभागैः (mahābhāgaiḥ) - by greatly fortunate ones; सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभैः (sūryajvalanasaṃnibhaiḥ) - by those resembling the brilliance of the sun and fire; नियमव्रतसम्पन्नैः (niyamavratasampannaiḥ) - endowed with observances and vows; समाकीर्णं (samākīrṇam) - filled; तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - by ascetics; दीक्षितैः (dīkṣitaiḥ) - by the initiated; भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas; यताहारैः (yatāhāraiḥ) - by those with controlled diet; कृतात्मभिः (kṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those who have mastered themselves;]
(By Brāhmaṇas and by greatly fortunate ones, by those resembling the brilliance of the sun and fire, endowed with observances and vows, filled by ascetics, by the initiated, O best of the Bharatas, by those with controlled diet, by those who have mastered themselves.)
O best of the Bharatas, the place was filled with Brāhmaṇas—greatly fortunate, radiant like the sun and fire, endowed with observances and vows, ascetics, the initiated, those with controlled diet, and those who had mastered themselves. (13-10-8)
वेदाध्ययनघोषैश्च नादितं भरतर्षभ। वालखिल्यैश्च बहुभिर्यतिभिश्च निषेवितम् ॥१३-१०-९॥
vedādhyayanaghoṣaiś ca nāditaṃ bharatarṣabha। vālakhilyaiś ca bahubhir yatibhiś ca niṣevitam ॥13-10-9॥
[वेद (veda) - Veda; अध्ययन (adhyayana) - study; घोषैः (ghoṣaiḥ) - by sounds; च (ca) - and; नादितं (nāditam) - resounded; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; वालखिल्यैः (vālakhilyaiḥ) - by Vālakhilyas; च (ca) - and; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many; यतिभिः (yatibhiḥ) - by ascetics; च (ca) - and; निषेवितम् (niṣevitam) - attended;]
(O best of the Bharatas, resounded by the sounds of Veda study and attended by Vālakhilyas and many ascetics.)
O foremost of the Bharatas, the place resounded with the sounds of Vedic study and was attended by Vālakhilyas and many ascetics. (13-10-9)
तत्र कश्चित्समुत्साहं कृत्वा शूद्रो दयान्वितः। आगतो ह्याश्रमपदं पूजितश्च तपस्विभिः ॥१३-१०-१०॥
tatra kaścit samutsāhaṃ kṛtvā śūdro dayānvitaḥ। āgato hy āśramapadaṃ pūjitaś ca tapasvibhiḥ ॥13-10-10॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; समुत्साहं (samutsāham) - great effort; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra; दयान्वितः (dayānvitaḥ) - endowed with compassion; आगतः (āgataḥ) - came; हि (hi) - indeed; आश्रमपदं (āśramapadam) - hermitage place; पूजितः (pūjitaḥ) - honored; च (ca) - and; तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - by ascetics;]
(There someone, having made great effort, a Śūdra endowed with compassion, indeed came to the hermitage place, and was honored by the ascetics.)
There, a certain Śūdra, having made great effort and filled with compassion, came to the hermitage and was honored by the ascetics. (13-10-10)
तांस्तु दृष्ट्वा मुनिगणान्देवकल्पान्महौजसः। वहतो विविधा दीक्षाः सम्प्रहृष्यत भारत ॥१३-१०-११॥
tāṃs tu dṛṣṭvā munigaṇān devakalpān mahaujasaḥ। vahato vividhā dīkṣāḥ samprahṛṣyata bhārata ॥13-10-11॥
[ताम् (tām) - them; तु (tu) - but; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; मुनिगणान् (munigaṇān) - groups of sages; देवकल्पान् (devakalpān) - god-like; महा-ओजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of great energy; वहतः (vahataḥ) - performing; विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various; दीक्षाः (dīkṣāḥ) - vows; सम्प्रहृष्यत् (samprahṛṣyat) - became delighted; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(But having seen them, the groups of sages, god-like, of great energy, performing various vows, became delighted, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, but when he saw those groups of sages, god-like and of great energy, performing various vows, he became delighted. (13-10-11)
अथास्य बुद्धिरभवत्तपस्ये भरतर्षभ। ततोऽब्रवीत्कुलपतिं पादौ सङ्गृह्य भारत ॥१३-१०-१२॥
athāsya buddhir abhavat tapasyē bharatarṣabha। tatō'bravīt kulapatiṁ pādau saṅgṛhya bhārata ॥13-10-12॥
[अथ (atha) - then; अस्य (asya) - his; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; तपस्ये (tapasyē) - for austerity; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke; कुलपतिम् (kulapatim) - to the head of the family; पादौ (pādau) - feet; सङ्गृह्य (saṅgṛhya) - having grasped; भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata;]
(Then his intellect became intent on austerity, O best of the Bharatas. Then, having grasped the feet, he spoke to the head of the family, O descendant of Bharata.)
Then his mind turned towards austerity, O best of the Bharatas. After that, having clasped the feet, he addressed the head of the family, O descendant of Bharata. (13-10-12)
भवत्प्रसादादिच्छामि धर्मं चर्तुं द्विजर्षभ। तन्मां त्वं भगवन्वक्तुं प्रव्राजयितुमर्हसि ॥१३-१०-१३॥
bhavatprasādād icchāmi dharmaṃ cartuṃ dvijarṣabha। tan māṃ tvaṃ bhagavan vaktuṃ pravrājayitum arhasi ॥13-10-13॥
[भवत् (bhavat) - from you; respected one; प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - by favor; by grace; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - dharma; righteousness; चर्तुं (cartuṃ) - to practice; द्विजर्षभ (dvijarṣabha) - O best of twice-born; तत् (tat) - that; माम् (mām) - me; त्वम् (tvam) - you; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to tell; प्रव्राजयितुम् (pravrājayitum) - to initiate into renunciation; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy; you should;]
(From your favor I desire to practice dharma, O best of twice-born. Therefore, you, O revered one, should tell me to initiate into renunciation. (13-10-13))
By your grace, I wish to practice righteousness, O best of the twice-born. Therefore, O revered one, you should instruct me and initiate me into renunciation. (13-10-13)
वर्णावरोऽहं भगवञ्शूद्रो जात्यास्मि सत्तम। शुश्रूषां कर्तुमिच्छामि प्रपन्नाय प्रसीद मे ॥१३-१०-१४॥
varṇāvaro'haṁ bhagavañśūdro jātyāsmi sattama। śuśrūṣāṁ kartumicchāmi prapannāya prasīda me ॥13-10-14॥
[वर्ण-अवरः (varṇa-avaraḥ) - of caste-inferior; अहम् (aham) - I; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - śūdra; जात्या (jātyā) - by birth; अस्मि (asmi) - am; सत्तम (sattama) - O best; शुश्रूषाम् (śuśrūṣām) - service; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; प्रपन्नाय (prapannāya) - to one who has taken refuge; प्रसीद (prasīda) - be gracious; मे (me) - to me;]
(Of caste-inferior I, O Lord, śūdra by birth am, O best, service to do I wish; to one who has taken refuge, be gracious to me. (13-10-14))
O Lord, I am of inferior caste, a śūdra by birth, O best one. I wish to render service; please be gracious to me, who has taken refuge. (13-10-14)
कुलपतिरुवाच॥
kulapatir uvāca॥
[कुलपति (kulapati) - head of the family; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The head of the family said;)
The head of the family said.
न शक्यमिह शूद्रेण लिङ्गमाश्रित्य वर्तितुम्। आस्यतां यदि ते बुद्धिः शुश्रूषानिरतो भव ॥१३-१०-१५॥
na śakyam iha śūdreṇa liṅgam āśritya vartitum। āsyatāṃ yadi te buddhiḥ śuśrūṣā-nirataḥ bhava॥13-10-15॥
[न (na) - not; शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible; इह (iha) - here; शूद्रेण (śūdreṇa) - by a Śūdra; लिङ्गम् (liṅgam) - external mark; आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to; वर्तितुम् (vartitum) - to behave; आस्यताम् (āsyatām) - let (you) sit; यदि (yadi) - if; ते (te) - your; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; शुश्रूषा (śuśrūṣā) - service; निरतः (nirataḥ) - engaged; भव (bhava) - be;]
(Not possible here by a Śūdra, having resorted to the external mark, to behave. Let (you) sit, if your intellect is engaged in service. (13-10-15))
It is not possible here for a Śūdra to conduct himself merely by adopting the external mark. Sit down, if your mind is intent on service. (13-10-15)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
एवमुक्तस्तु मुनिना स शूद्रोऽचिन्तयन्नृप। कथमत्र मया कार्यं श्रद्धा धर्मे परा च मे ॥ विज्ञातमेवं भवतु करिष्ये प्रियमात्मनः ॥१३-१०-१६॥
evam-uktas tu muninā sa śūdro'cintayan nṛpa। katham atra mayā kāryaṃ śraddhā dharme parā ca me ॥ vijñātam evaṃ bhavatu kariṣye priyam ātmanaḥ ॥13-10-16॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; तु (tu) - but; मुनिना (muninā) - by the sage; सः (saḥ) - he; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - the śūdra; अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - thought; नृप (nṛpa) - O king; कथम् (katham) - how; अत्र (atra) - here; मया (mayā) - by me; कार्यं (kāryam) - to be done; श्रद्धा (śraddhā) - faith; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; परा (parā) - supreme; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; विज्ञातम् (vijñātam) - known; एवम् (evam) - thus; भवतु (bhavatu) - let it be; करिष्ये (kariṣye) - I will do; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - to myself;]
(Thus spoken but by the sage, he, the śūdra, thought, O king: How here by me is to be done? Faith in dharma is supreme and mine. Known thus, let it be, I will do what is dear to myself.)
Thus addressed by the sage, the śūdra thought, O king: 'How should I act here? My faith in dharma is supreme.' Having understood thus, he said, 'Let it be so; I will do what is dear to myself.' (13-10-16)
गत्वाश्रमपदाद्दूरमुटजं कृतवांस्तु सः। तत्र वेदिं च भूमिं च देवतायतनानि च ॥ निवेश्य भरतश्रेष्ठ नियमस्थोऽभवत्सुखम् ॥१३-१०-१७॥
gatvāśramapadāddūramuṭajaṃ kṛtavāṃstu saḥ। tatra vediṃ ca bhūmiṃ ca devatāyatanāni ca ॥ niveśya bharataśreṣṭha niyamastho'bhavatsukham ॥13-10-17॥
[गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; आश्रमपदात् (āśramapadāt) - from the hermitage site; दूरम् (dūram) - far; उटजम् (uṭajam) - hut; कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - made; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he; तत्र (tatra) - there; वेदिम् (vedim) - altar; च (ca) - and; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - ground; च (ca) - and; देवतायतनानि (devatāyatanāni) - shrines of deities; च (ca) - and; निवेश्य (niveśya) - having established; भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas; नियमस्थः (niyamasthaḥ) - abiding in discipline; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; सुखम् (sukham) - happy;]
(Having gone far from the hermitage site, he made a hut; there, having established an altar, ground, and shrines of deities, O best of the Bharatas, abiding in discipline, he became happy.)
He went far from the hermitage, built a hut, and there set up an altar, a ground, and shrines for the deities. O best of the Bharatas, having established these and following discipline, he lived happily. (13-10-17)
अभिषेकांश्च नियमान्देवतायतनेषु च। बलिं च कृत्वा हुत्वा च देवतां चाप्यपूजयत् ॥१३-१०-१८॥
abhiṣekāṁś ca niyamān devatāyataneṣu ca। baliṁ ca kṛtvā hutvā ca devatāṁ cāpy apūjayat ॥13-10-18॥
[अभिषेकान् (abhiṣekān) - anointings; च (ca) - and; नियमान् (niyamān) - observances; देवतायतनेषु (devatāyataneṣu) - in the shrines of the deities; च (ca) - and; बलिम् (balim) - offering; च (ca) - and; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed; हुत्वा (hutvā) - having offered oblation; च (ca) - and; देवताम् (devatām) - the deity; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अपूजयत् (apūjayat) - worshipped;]
(anointings and observances in the shrines of the deities and offering and having performed, having offered oblation and the deity and also worshipped.)
He performed anointings and observances in the shrines of the deities, made offerings, performed oblations, and also worshipped the deity. (13-10-18)
सङ्कल्पनियमोपेतः फलाहारो जितेन्द्रियः। नित्यं संनिहिताभिश्च ओषधीभिः फलैस्तथा ॥१३-१०-१९॥
saṅkalpaniyamopetaḥ phalāhāro jitendriyaḥ। nityaṃ saṃnihitābhiśca oṣadhībhiḥ phalaistathā ॥13-10-19॥
[सङ्कल्प (saṅkalpa) - resolve; intention; नियम (niyama) - discipline; regulation; उपेतः (upetaḥ) - endowed with; possessed of; फल (phala) - fruit; आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food; nourishment; जित (jita) - conquered; subdued; इन्द्रियः (indriyaḥ) - senses; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; constantly; संनिहिताभिः (saṃnihitābhiḥ) - with those present; with those at hand; च (ca) - and; ओषधीभिः (oṣadhībhiḥ) - with herbs; by means of medicinal plants; फलैः (phalaiḥ) - with fruits; तथा (tathā) - likewise; in that manner;]
(Endowed with resolve and discipline, taking fruit as food, one who has conquered the senses, always with those present and with herbs and likewise with fruits.)
One who is endowed with resolve and discipline, subsisting on fruits, having conquered the senses, always accompanied by those present and by herbs and fruits in the same way. (13-10-19)
अतिथीन्पूजयामास यथावत्समुपागतान्। एवं हि सुमहान्कालो व्यत्यक्रामत्स तस्य वै ॥१३-१०-२०॥
atithīn pūjayāmāsa yathāvat samupāgatān। evaṃ hi sumahān kālo vyatyakrāmatsa tasya vai ॥13-10-20॥
[अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests; पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - he honored; यथावत् (yathāvat) - as is proper; समुपागतान् (samupāgatān) - who had arrived together; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; व्यत्यक्रामत् (vyatyakrāmat) - passed by; सः (saḥ) - he; तस्य (tasya) - for him; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(He honored the guests as is proper who had arrived together. Thus indeed a very great time passed by for him indeed.)
He honored the guests who had arrived, as was proper. In this way, indeed, a very long time passed for him. (13-10-20)
अथास्य मुनिरागच्छत्सङ्गत्या वै तमाश्रमम्। सम्पूज्य स्वागतेनर्षिं विधिवत्पर्यतोषयत् ॥१३-१०-२१॥
athāsya munir āgacchat saṅgatyā vai tam āśramam। sampūjya svāgatena ṛṣiṃ vidhivat paryatoṣayat ॥13-10-21॥
[अथ (atha) - then; अस्य (asya) - his; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage; आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - came; सङ्गत्या (saṅgatyā) - with company; वै (vai) - indeed; तम् (tam) - that; आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage; सम्पूज्य (sampūjya) - having honored; स्वागतेन (svāgatena) - with welcome; ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule; पर्यतोषयत् (paryatoṣayat) - he satisfied;]
(Then his sage came with company indeed to that hermitage. Having honored the sage with welcome according to rule, he satisfied (him).)
Then the sage came there with his companions to that hermitage. He honored the sage with a proper welcome and satisfied him as prescribed. (13-10-21)
अनुकूलाः कथाः कृत्वा यथावत्पर्यपृच्छत। ऋषिः परमतेजस्वी धर्मात्मा संयतेन्द्रियः ॥१३-१०-२२॥
anukūlāḥ kathāḥ kṛtvā yathāvat paryapṛcchata। ṛṣiḥ paramatejasvī dharmātmā saṃyatendriyaḥ ॥13-10-22॥
[अनुकूलाः (anukūlāḥ) - favorable; कथाः (kathāḥ) - words; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly; पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he inquired; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; परमतेजस्वी (paramatejasvī) - of supreme brilliance; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled; संयतेन्द्रियः (saṃyatendriyaḥ) - one with controlled senses;]
(Favorable words having done properly he inquired. The sage of supreme brilliance, righteous-souled, one with controlled senses.)
After speaking favorable words properly, he inquired. The sage, endowed with supreme brilliance, righteousness, and controlled senses, (13-10-22)
एवं स बहुशस्तस्य शूद्रस्य भरतर्षभ। सोऽगच्छदाश्रममृषिः शूद्रं द्रष्टुं नरर्षभ ॥१३-१०-२३॥
evaṃ sa bahuśas tasya śūdrasya bharatarṣabha। so'gacchad āśramam ṛṣiḥ śūdraṃ draṣṭuṃ nararṣabha ॥13-10-23॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; स (sa) - he; बहुशः (bahuśas) - many times; तस्य (tasya) - of him; शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of the śūdra; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O bull among the Bharatas; सः (saḥ) - he; अगच्छत् (agacchat) - went; आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage; शूद्रम् (śūdram) - the śūdra; द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see; नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O bull among men;]
(Thus he many times of him of the śūdra, O bull among the Bharatas. He went to the hermitage, the sage, the śūdra, to see, O bull among men.)
Thus, O bull among the Bharatas, he repeatedly thought of the śūdra. The sage went to the hermitage to see the śūdra, O bull among men. (13-10-23)
अथ तं तापसं शूद्रः सोऽब्रवीद्भरतर्षभ। पितृकार्यं करिष्यामि तत्र मेऽनुग्रहं कुरु ॥१३-१०-२४॥
atha taṃ tāpasaṃ śūdraḥ so'bravīdbharatarṣabha। pitṛkāryaṃ kariṣyāmi tatra me'nugrahaṃ kuru ॥13-10-24॥
[अथ (atha) - then; तं (taṃ) - him; तापसं (tāpasaṃ) - ascetic; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - śūdra; सः (saḥ) - he; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; पितृकार्यं (pitṛkāryaṃ) - ancestral rite; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do; तत्र (tatra) - there; मे (me) - to me; अनुग्रहम् (anugraham) - favor; कुरु (kuru) - do;]
(Then the śūdra said to him, the ascetic, O bull among the Bharatas: I will perform the ancestral rite, there do favor to me.)
Then the śūdra addressed the ascetic, saying, "O best of the Bharatas, I wish to perform the ancestral rites; please grant me your favor there." (13-10-24)
बाढमित्येव तं विप्र उवाच भरतर्षभ। शुचिर्भूत्वा स शूद्रस्तु तस्यर्षेः पाद्यमानयत् ॥१३-१०-२५॥
bāḍhamityeva taṃ vipra uvāca bharatarṣabha। śucirbhūtvā sa śūdrastu tasyarṣeḥ pādyamānayat ॥13-10-25॥
[बाढम् (bāḍham) - certainly; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; तं (taṃ) - him; विप्र (vipra) - brāhmaṇa; उवाच (uvāca) - said; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; स (sa) - he; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - śūdra; तु (tu) - but; तस्य (tasya) - his; ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage; पाद्यम् (pādyam) - water for washing feet; आनयत् (ānayat) - brought;]
(Certainly thus indeed him the brāhmaṇa said, O bull among the Bharatas. Having become pure, he, the śūdra, but, of his, of the sage, water for washing feet, brought.)
The brāhmaṇa said to him, "Certainly," O bull among the Bharatas. Having purified himself, the śūdra then brought water for the sage's feet. (13-10-25)
अथ दर्भांश्च वन्याश्च ओषधीर्भरतर्षभ। पवित्रमासनं चैव बृसीं च समुपानयत् ॥१३-१०-२६॥
atha darbham̐ś ca vanyāś ca oṣadhīr bharatarṣabha। pavitram āsanaṃ caiva bṛsīṃ ca samupānayat ॥13-10-26॥
[अथ (atha) - then; दर्भान् (darbhan) - sacred grasses; च (ca) - and; वन्यान् (vanyān) - wild (things); च (ca) - and; ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifier; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; बृसीम् (bṛsīm) - mat; च (ca) - and; समुपानयत् (samupānayat) - he brought together;]
(Then sacred grasses and wild (things) and herbs, O bull among the Bharatas, purifier, seat and indeed mat and he brought together.)
Then, O bull among the Bharatas, he brought together sacred grasses, wild plants, herbs, a purifier, a seat, and a mat. (13-10-26)
अथ दक्षिणमावृत्य बृसीं परमशीर्षिकाम्। कृतामन्यायतो दृष्ट्वा ततस्तमृषिरब्रवीत् ॥१३-१०-२७॥
atha dakṣiṇam āvṛtya bṛsīṃ paramaśīrṣikām। kṛtām anyāyataḥ dṛṣṭvā tataḥ tam ṛṣiḥ abravīt॥13-10-27॥
[अथ (atha) - then; दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right side; आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having turned; बृसीम् (bṛsīṃ) - mat; परमशीर्षिकाम् (paramaśīrṣikām) - with the head to the highest (east); कृताम् (kṛtām) - made; अन्यायतः (anyāyataḥ) - improperly; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; ततः (tataḥ) - then; तम् (tam) - him; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]
(Then, having turned the mat to the right side, with the head to the highest (east), having seen it made improperly, then the sage said to him.)
Then, after turning the mat to the right side with the head towards the east, and seeing that it had been made improperly, the sage said to him. (13-10-27)
कुरुष्वैतां पूर्वशीर्षां भव चोदङ्मुखः शुचिः। स च तत्कृतवाञ्शूद्रः सर्वं यदृषिरब्रवीत् ॥१३-१०-२८॥
kuruṣvaitāṃ pūrvaśīrṣāṃ bhava codaṅmukhaḥ śuciḥ। sa ca tatkṛtavāñśūdraḥ sarvaṃ yadṛṣirabravīt ॥13-10-28॥
[कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do; perform; एताम् (etām) - this; पूर्वशीर्षाम् (pūrvaśīrṣām) - with head to the east; भव (bhava) - be; become; च (ca) - and; उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; तत् (tat) - that; कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - has done; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - śūdra; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; यत् (yat) - which; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]
(Do this, with head to the east, be and facing north, pure. He and that has done, the śūdra, all which the sage said.)
Perform this with your head to the east, or be facing north and pure. The śūdra who has done all that the sage has said.
यथोपदिष्टं मेधावी दर्भादींस्तान्यथातथम्। हव्यकव्यविधिं कृत्स्नमुक्तं तेन तपस्विना ॥१३-१०-२९॥
yathopadiṣṭaṃ medhāvī darbhādīṃstānyathātatham। havyakavyavidhiṃ kṛtsnamuktaṃ tena tapasvinā ॥13-10-29॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; in the manner; उपदिष्टं (upadiṣṭaṃ) - instructed; taught; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise one; intelligent person; दर्भादीन् (darbhādīn) - darbha grass and others; तान् (tān) - those; यथा (yathā) - as; तथम् (tatham) - so; in that way; हव्यकव्यविधिं (havyakavyavidhiṃ) - the procedure for offerings to gods and ancestors; कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire; complete; उक्तं (uktaṃ) - said; spoken; तेन (tena) - by him; तपस्विना (tapasvinā) - by the ascetic;]
(As instructed, the wise one (having taken) darbha grass and others, those, as in that way, the procedure for offerings to gods and ancestors, entire, said, by him, by the ascetic.)
The wise ascetic, as instructed, took darbha grass and other items, and in that manner, he described the entire procedure for offerings to gods and ancestors. (13-10-29)
ऋषिणा पितृकार्ये च स च धर्मपथे स्थितः। पितृकार्ये कृते चापि विसृष्टः स जगाम ह ॥१३-१०-३०॥
ṛṣiṇā pitṛkārye ca sa ca dharmapathe sthitaḥ। pitṛkārye kṛte cāpi visṛṣṭaḥ sa jagāma ha ॥13-10-30॥
[ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage; पितृकार्ये (pitṛkārye) - in the ancestral rite; च (ca) - and; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; धर्मपथे (dharmapathe) - on the path of dharma; स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood; पितृकार्ये (pitṛkārye) - in the ancestral rite; कृते (kṛte) - having been performed; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - having been dismissed; स (sa) - he; जगाम (jagāma) - went; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(By the sage, in the ancestral rite and he and on the path of dharma stood; in the ancestral rite having been performed and also having been dismissed, he went indeed.)
He, having stood on the path of dharma and participated in the ancestral rite with the sage, and after the ancestral rite was performed and he was dismissed, indeed departed. (13-10-30)
अथ दीर्घस्य कालस्य स तप्यञ्शूद्रतापसः। वने पञ्चत्वमगमत्सुकृतेन च तेन वै ॥ अजायत महाराजराजवंशे महाद्युतिः ॥१३-१०-३१॥
atha dīrghasya kālasya sa tapyañśūdratāpasaḥ। vane pañcatvam agamat sukṛtena ca tena vai ॥ ajāyata mahārājarājavaṃśe mahādyutiḥ ॥13-10-31॥
[अथ (atha) - then; दीर्घस्य (dīrghasya) - of long; कालस्य (kālasya) - of time; सः (saḥ) - he; तप्यन् (tapyan) - practising austerity; शूद्रतापसः (śūdratāpasaḥ) - śūdra ascetic; वने (vane) - in the forest; पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death; अगमत् (agamat) - attained; सुकृतेन (sukṛtena) - by good deed; च (ca) - and; तेन (tena) - by him; वै (vai) - indeed; अजायत (ajāyata) - was born; महाराजराजवंशे (mahārājarājavaṃśe) - in the lineage of great royal kings; महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - one of great splendour;]
(Then, after a long time, he, the śūdra ascetic, practising austerity, in the forest attained death, and by that good deed indeed, was born in the lineage of great royal kings, one of great splendour.)
Then, after a long time, the śūdra ascetic, practising austerity, died in the forest, and by that good deed, he was indeed born in the lineage of great royal kings as one of great splendour. (13-10-31)
तथैव स ऋषिस्तात कालधर्ममवाप्य ह। पुरोहितकुले विप्र आजातो भरतर्षभ ॥१३-१०-३२॥
tathaiva sa ṛṣistāta kāladharmam avāpya ha। purohitakule vipra ājāto bharatarṣabha ॥13-10-32॥
[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; स (sa) - he; ऋषि (ṛṣi) - sage; तात (tāta) - O dear; कालधर्मम् (kāladharmam) - law of time (death); अवाप्य (avāpya) - having attained; ह (ha) - indeed; पुरोहितकुले (purohitakule) - in the family of priests; विप्र (vipra) - brāhmaṇa; आजातः (ājātaḥ) - was born; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(In the same way, he, the sage, O dear, having attained the law of time (death), indeed, in the family of priests, a brāhmaṇa was born, O best of the Bharatas.)
In the same way, O dear, when that sage met his destined end, a brāhmaṇa was born in the family of priests, O best of the Bharatas. (13-10-32)
एवं तौ तत्र सम्भूतावुभौ शूद्रमुनी तदा। क्रमेण वर्धितौ चापि विद्यासु कुशलावुभौ ॥१३-१०-३३॥
evaṃ tau tatra sambhūtāvubhau śūdramunī tadā। krameṇa vardhitau cāpi vidyāsu kuśalāvubhau ॥13-10-33॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; तौ (tau) - those two; तत्र (tatra) - there; सम्भूतौ (sambhūtau) - born; उभौ (ubhau) - both; शूद्रमुनी (śūdramunī) - Śūdra and Muni; तदा (tadā) - then; क्रमेण (krameṇa) - gradually; वर्धितौ (vardhitau) - grew; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; विद्यासु (vidyāsu) - in knowledge(s); कुशलौ (kuśalau) - skilled; उभौ (ubhau) - both;]
(Thus, those two, there, born, both, Śūdra and Muni, then, gradually, grew, and, also, in knowledge(s), skilled, both.)
Thus, Śūdra and Muni, both of whom were born there, gradually grew and both became skilled in knowledge. (13-10-33)
अथर्ववेदे वेदे च बभूवर्षिः सुनिश्चितः। कल्पप्रयोगे चोत्पन्ने ज्योतिषे च परं गतः ॥ सख्ये चापि परा प्रीतिस्तयोश्चापि व्यवर्धत ॥१३-१०-३४॥
atharvavede vede ca babhūvarṣiḥ suniścitaḥ। kalpaprayoge cotpanne jyotiṣe ca paraṃ gataḥ॥ sakhye cāpi parā prītistayoścāpi vyavardhata॥13-10-34॥
[अथर्ववेदे (atharvavede) - in the Atharvaveda; वेदे (vede) - in the Veda; च (ca) - and; बभूव (babhūva) - became; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; सुनिश्चितः (suniścitaḥ) - well-established; कल्पप्रयोगे (kalpaprayoge) - in the ritual application; च (ca) - and; उत्पन्ने (utpanne) - arisen; ज्योतिषे (jyotiṣe) - in astrology; च (ca) - and; परम् (param) - supreme; गतः (gataḥ) - attained; सख्ये (sakhye) - in friendship; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; परा (parā) - supreme; प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the two; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - grew;]
(In the Atharvaveda, in the Veda and became a sage, well-established; in the ritual application and arisen, in astrology and attained the supreme. In friendship also, supreme affection of the two also grew. (13-10-34))
He became a well-established sage in the Atharvaveda and the Veda; he attained the highest in ritual application and astrology. Their supreme affection in friendship also grew. (13-10-34)
पितर्युपरते चापि कृतशौचः स भारत। अभिषिक्तः प्रकृतिभी राजपुत्रः स पार्थिवः ॥ अभिषिक्तेन स ऋषिरभिषिक्तः पुरोहितः ॥१३-१०-३५॥
pitary uparate cāpi kṛtaśaucaḥ sa bhārata। abhiṣiktaḥ prakṛtibhī rājaputraḥ sa pārthivaḥ ॥ abhiṣiktena sa ṛṣir abhiṣiktaḥ purohitaḥ ॥13-10-35॥
[पितरि (pitari) - in the father; उपरते (uparate) - having passed away; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; कृतशौचः (kṛtaśaucaḥ) - having performed purification; स (sa) - he; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; अभिषिक्तः (abhiṣiktaḥ) - anointed; प्रकृतिभिः (prakṛtibhīḥ) - by the subjects; राजपुत्रः (rājaputraḥ) - the prince; स (sa) - he; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king; अभिषिक्तेन (abhiṣiktena) - by the anointed one; स (sa) - he; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage; अभिषिक्तः (abhiṣiktaḥ) - anointed; पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - the priest;]
(In the father having passed away and also having performed purification, he, O Bhārata, the prince was anointed by the subjects, he the king. By the anointed one, he the sage, the priest was anointed.)
O Bhārata, after the father had passed away and the purification rites were performed, the prince was anointed as king by the subjects. The sage, who was himself anointed, then anointed the priest. (13-10-35)
स तं पुरोधाय सुखमवसद्भरतर्षभ। राज्यं शशास धर्मेण प्रजाश्च परिपालयन् ॥१३-१०-३६॥
sa taṃ purodhāya sukham avasad bharatarṣabha। rājyaṃ śaśāsa dharmeṇa prajāś ca paripālayan ॥13-10-36॥
[स (sa) - he; तं (taṃ) - him; पुरोधाय (purodhāya) - having appointed as priest; सुखम् (sukham) - happily; अवसत् (avasat) - dwelt; भरतरर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; शशास (śaśāsa) - ruled; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - with righteousness; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; च (ca) - and; परिपालयन् (paripālayan) - protecting;]
(He, having appointed him as priest, happily dwelt, O bull among the Bharatas; ruling the kingdom with righteousness and protecting the subjects.)
He, having installed him as priest, lived happily, O best of the Bharatas, ruling the kingdom righteously and protecting his subjects. (13-10-36)
पुण्याहवाचने नित्यं धर्मकार्येषु चासकृत्। उत्स्मयन्प्राहसच्चापि दृष्ट्वा राजा पुरोहितम् ॥१३-१०-३७॥
puṇyāhavācane nityaṃ dharmakāryeṣu cāsakṛt। utsmayan prāhasac cāpi dṛṣṭvā rājā purohitam ॥13-10-37॥
[पुण्याहवाचने (puṇyāhavācane) - in the auspicious proclamation; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; धर्मकार्येषु (dharmakāryeṣu) - in righteous acts; च (ca) - and; असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly; उत्स्मयन् (utsmayan) - smiling; प्राहसत् (prāhasat) - laughed; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; राजा (rājā) - the king; पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - the priest;]
(In the auspicious proclamation, always, in righteous acts and repeatedly, smiling, laughed and also, having seen, the king, the priest.)
During the auspicious proclamation and always in righteous acts, the king, having seen the priest, repeatedly smiled and laughed. (13-10-37)
एवं स बहुशो राजन्पुरोधसमुपाहसत् ॥१३-१०-३७॥
evaṃ sa bahuśo rājan purodhasam upāhasat ॥13-10-37॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; in this way; स (sa) - he; बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times; repeatedly; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पुरोधसम् (purodhasam) - the priest; the purohita; उपाहसत् (upāhasat) - mocked; laughed at;]
(Thus he many times, O king, the priest mocked.)
In this way, O king, he repeatedly mocked the priest. (13-10-37)
लक्षयित्वा पुरोधास्तु बहुशस्तं नराधिपम्। उत्स्मयन्तं च सततं दृष्ट्वासौ मन्युमानभूत् ॥१३-१०-३८॥
lakṣayitvā purodhāstu bahuśastaṃ narādhipam। utsmayantaṃ ca satataṃ dṛṣṭvāsau manyumānabhūt ॥13-10-38॥
[लक्षयित्वा (lakṣayitvā) - having observed; पुरोधाः (purodhāḥ) - the priest; तु (tu) - but; बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly; तं (tam) - him; नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king; उत्स्मयन्तं (utsmayantam) - smiling arrogantly; च (ca) - and; सततम् (satatam) - constantly; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; असौ (asau) - he; मन्युमान् (manyumān) - filled with anger; अभूत् (abhūt) - became;]
(Having observed, the priest but repeatedly him, the king, smiling arrogantly and constantly having seen, he became filled with anger.)
But having observed the king, who was repeatedly smiling arrogantly, the priest, upon constantly seeing this, became filled with anger. (13-10-38)
अथ शून्ये पुरोधास्तु सह राज्ञा समागतः। कथाभिरनुकूलाभी राजानमभिरामयत् ॥१३-१०-३९॥
atha śūnye purodhāstu saha rājñā samāgataḥ। kathābhiranukūlābhī rājānamabhirāmayat ॥13-10-39॥
[अथ (atha) - then; शून्ये (śūnye) - in the empty place; पुरोधाः (purodhāḥ) - the priest; तु (tu) - but; सह (saha) - with; राज्ञा (rājñā) - with the king; समागतः (samāgataḥ) - having come together; कथाभिः (kathābhiḥ) - with stories; अनुकूलाभिः (anukūlābhiḥ) - agreeable; राजानम् (rājānam) - the king; अभिरामयत् (abhirāmayat) - delighted;]
(Then in the empty place, the priest but with the king having come together, with agreeable stories delighted the king.)
Then, in the empty hall, the priest, together with the king, entertained him with agreeable stories and delighted the king. (13-10-39)
ततोऽब्रवीन्नरेन्द्रं स पुरोधा भरतर्षभ। वरमिच्छाम्यहं त्वेकं त्वया दत्तं महाद्युते ॥१३-१०-४०॥
tato'bravīn narendraṃ sa purodhā bharatarṣabha। varam icchāmy ahaṃ tv ekaṃ tvayā dattaṃ mahādyute ॥13-10-40॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke; नरेन्द्रम् (narendram) - to the king; सः (saḥ) - he; पुरोधाः (purodhā) - the priest; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; वरम् (varam) - a boon; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; अहम् (aham) - I; त्व (tv) - from you; एकम् (ekam) - one; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; दत्तम् (dattam) - given; महाद्युते (mahādyute) - O greatly radiant one;]
(Then he, the priest, spoke to the king, O bull among the Bharatas: I desire one boon from you, given by you, O greatly radiant one.)
Then the priest said to the king, "O foremost of the Bharatas, I wish for one boon from you, granted by you, O greatly illustrious one." (13-10-40)
राजोवाच॥
rājovāca॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(king said;)
The king said.
वराणां ते शतं दद्यां किमुतैकं द्विजोत्तम। स्नेहाच्च बहुमानाच्च नास्त्यदेयं हि मे तव ॥१३-१०-४१॥
varāṇāṃ te śataṃ dadyāṃ kimutaikaṃ dvijottama। snehācca bahumānācca nāstyadeyaṃ hi me tava ॥13-10-41॥
[वराणां (varāṇām) - of boons; ते (te) - to you; शतं (śatam) - a hundred; दद्यां (dadyām) - I would give; किमु (kimu) - what to say of; एकं (ekaṃ) - one; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born; स्नेहात् (snehāt) - from affection; च (ca) - and; बहुमानात् (bahumāṇāt) - from respect; च (ca) - and; नास्ति (nāsti) - there is not; अदेयम् (adeyam) - not to be given; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - by me; तव (tava) - to you;]
(Of boons to you a hundred I would give, what to say of one, O best of twice-born. From affection and from respect and, there is not (anything) not to be given indeed by me to you.)
O best of the twice-born, I would give you a hundred boons, let alone one. Out of affection and respect, there is indeed nothing that I would not give you. (13-10-41)
पुरोहित उवाच॥
purohita uvāca॥
[पुरोहित (purohita) - family priest; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The family priest said;)
The family priest said.
एकं वै वरमिच्छामि यदि तुष्टोऽसि पार्थिव। यद्ददासि महाराज सत्यं तद्वद मानृतम् ॥१३-१०-४२॥
ekaṃ vai varam icchāmi yadi tuṣṭo'si pārthiva। yad dadāsi mahārāja satyaṃ tad vada mā anṛtam ॥13-10-42॥
[एकम् (ekaṃ) - one; वै (vai) - indeed; वरम् (varam) - boon; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; यदि (yadi) - if; तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased; असि (asi) - you are; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king; यत् (yat) - what; ददासि (dadāsi) - you give; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; सत्यम् (satyaṃ) - truth; तत् (tat) - that; वद (vada) - speak; मा (mā) - not; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood;]
(One indeed boon I desire; if pleased you are, O king; what you give, O great king, truth that speak, not falsehood.)
I desire only one boon, O king, if you are pleased; whatever you give, O great king, speak that truthfully, do not utter falsehood. (13-10-42)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
बाढमित्येव तं राजा प्रत्युवाच युधिष्ठिर। यदि ज्ञास्यामि वक्ष्यामि अजानन्न तु संवदे ॥१३-१०-४३॥
bāḍhamityeva taṃ rājā pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhira। yadi jñāsyāmi vakṣyāmi ajānanna tu saṃvade ॥13-10-43॥
[बाढम् (bāḍham) - certainly; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; तं (taṃ) - to him; राजा (rājā) - king; प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; यदि (yadi) - if; ज्ञास्यामि (jñāsyāmi) - I will know; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak; अजानन् (ajānann) - not knowing; तु (tu) - but; संवदे (saṃvade) - I converse;]
(Certainly, thus indeed to him the king replied, Yudhishthira: If I will know, I will speak; not knowing, but I converse.)
The king replied to Yudhishthira, "Certainly, if I know, I will tell you; but if I do not know, I will only converse." (13-10-43)
पुरोहित उवाच॥
purohita uvāca॥
[पुरोहित (purohita) - family priest; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The family priest said;)
The family priest said.
पुण्याहवाचने नित्यं धर्मकृत्येषु चासकृत्। शान्तिहोमेषु च सदा किं त्वं हससि वीक्ष्य माम् ॥१३-१०-४४॥
puṇyāhavācane nityaṃ dharmakṛtyeṣu cāsakṛt। śāntihomeṣu ca sadā kiṃ tvaṃ hasasi vīkṣya mām ॥13-10-44॥
[पुण्याहवाचने (puṇyāhavācane) - in the auspicious water-ritual; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; धर्मकृत्येषु (dharmakṛtyeṣu) - in righteous acts; च (ca) - and; असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly; शान्तिहोमेषु (śāntihomeṣu) - in peace-sacrifices; च (ca) - and; सदा (sadā) - always; किं (kiṃ) - why; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; हससि (hasasi) - smile; वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen; माम् (mām) - me;]
(In the auspicious water-ritual, always, in righteous acts and repeatedly, in peace-sacrifices and always, why do you smile having seen me?)
Why do you always smile at me whenever you see me during the auspicious water-ritual, in righteous acts, and in peace-sacrifices? (13-10-44)
सव्रीडं वै भवति हि मनो मे हसता त्वया। कामया शापितो राजन्नान्यथा वक्तुमर्हसि ॥१३-१०-४५॥
savrīḍaṃ vai bhavati hi mano me hasatā tvayā। kāmayā śāpito rājann anyathā vaktum arhasi ॥13-10-45॥
[सव्रीडम् (savrīḍam) - with shame; वै (vai) - indeed; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; हि (hi) - for; मनो (mano) - mind; मे (me) - my; हसता (hasatā) - by your laughing; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; कामया (kāmayā) - by desire; शापितः (śāpitaḥ) - cursed; राजन् (rājan) - O king; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are able;]
(With shame indeed becomes for mind my by your laughing by desire cursed O king otherwise to speak you are able.)
O king, my mind indeed becomes ashamed by your laughter; being cursed by desire, you should not speak otherwise. (13-10-45)
भाव्यं हि कारणेनात्र न ते हास्यमकारणम्। कौतूहलं मे सुभृशं तत्त्वेन कथयस्व मे ॥१३-१०-४६॥
bhāvyaṃ hi kāraṇenātra na te hāsyamakāraṇam। kautūhalaṃ me subhṛśaṃ tattvena kathayasva me ॥13-10-46॥
[भाव्यं (bhāvyaṃ) - to be considered; हि (hi) - indeed; कारणेन (kāraṇena) - with reason; अत्र (atra) - here; न (na) - not; ते (te) - your; हास्यम् (hāsyam) - laughter; अकारणम् (akāraṇam) - without cause; कौतूहलम् (kautūhalam) - curiosity; मे (me) - my; सुभृशम् (subhṛśam) - very much; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly; कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell; मे (me) - to me;]
(To be considered indeed with reason here, not your laughter without cause. Curiosity my very much, truly tell to me.)
What is to be considered here must have a reason; your laughter is not without cause. My curiosity is very great—please tell me the truth. (13-10-46)
राजोवाच॥
rājovāca॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(king said;)
The king said.
एवमुक्ते त्वया विप्र यदवाच्यं भवेदपि। अवश्यमेव वक्तव्यं शृणुष्वैकमना द्विज ॥१३-१०-४७॥
evam-ukte tvayā vipra yad-avācyaṃ bhaved-api। avaśyam-eva vaktavyaṃ śṛṇuṣvaikamanā dvija ॥13-10-47॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्ते (ukte) - having been said; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; विप्र (vipra) - O brāhmaṇa; यत् (yat) - which; अवाच्यम् (avācyam) - unspeakable; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; अपि (api) - even; अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - necessarily; एव (eva) - indeed; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - to be spoken; शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen; एकमना (ekamanā) - with one mind; द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born;]
(Thus having been said by you, O brāhmaṇa, which may be unspeakable even, necessarily indeed to be spoken, listen with one mind, O twice-born.)
O brāhmaṇa, even if what you have said is unspeakable, it must necessarily be spoken; listen with full attention, O twice-born. (13-10-47)
पूर्वदेहे यथा वृत्तं तन्निबोध द्विजोत्तम। जातिं स्मराम्यहं ब्रह्मन्नवधानेन मे शृणु ॥१३-१०-४८॥
pūrvadehe yathā vṛttaṃ tannibodha dvijottama। jātiṃ smarāmyahaṃ brahmannavadhānena me śṛṇu ॥13-10-48॥
[पूर्वदेहे (pūrvadehe) - in the previous body; यथा (yathā) - as; वृत्तं (vṛttam) - happened; तत् (tat) - that; निबोध (nibodha) - know; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born; जातिं (jātiṃ) - birth; स्मरामि (smarāmi) - I remember; अहम् (aham) - I; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa; अवधानेन (avadhānena) - with attention; मे (me) - my; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear;]
(In the previous body as happened that know O best of the twice-born. Birth I remember I O Brāhmaṇa with attention my hear.)
O best of the twice-born, know what happened in my previous body. O Brāhmaṇa, I remember my birth; listen to me attentively. (13-10-48)
शूद्रोऽहमभवं पूर्वं तापसो भृशसंयुतः। ऋषिरुग्रतपास्त्वं च तदाभूर्द्विजसत्तम ॥१३-१०-४९॥
śūdro'ham abhavaṁ pūrvaṁ tāpaso bhṛśasaṁyutaḥ। ṛṣir ugratapās tvaṁ ca tadābhūr dvijasattama ॥13-10-49॥
[शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - śūdra; (a member of the fourth varṇa); अहम् (aham) - I; अभवम् (abhavam) - became; (was); पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly; (before); तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - ascetic; (one practicing penance); भृशसंयुतः (bhṛśasaṁyutaḥ) - endowed with intensity; (greatly associated); ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; उग्रतपाः (ugratapāḥ) - of severe austerity; (having intense penance); त्वम् (tvam) - you; च (ca) - and; तदा (tadā) - then; (at that time); अभूः (abhūḥ) - became; (were); द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - best of the twice-born; (excellent brāhmaṇa);]
(śūdra I became formerly ascetic endowed with intensity. sage of severe austerity you and then became best of the twice-born.)
Formerly I was a śūdra, an ascetic endowed with great intensity. You, O best of the twice-born, were then a sage of severe austerity. (13-10-49)
प्रीयता हि तदा ब्रह्मन्ममानुग्रहबुद्धिना। पितृकार्ये त्वया पूर्वमुपदेशः कृतोऽनघ ॥ बृस्यां दर्भेषु हव्ये च कव्ये च मुनिसत्तम ॥१३-१०-५०॥
prīyatā hi tadā brahman mamānugrahabuddhinā। pitṛkārye tvayā pūrvam upadeśaḥ kṛto'nagha ॥ bṛsyāṃ darbheṣu havye ca kavye ca munisattama ॥13-10-50॥
[प्रीयता (prīyatā) - by affection; हि (hi) - indeed; तदा (tadā) - then; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O brāhmaṇa; मम (mama) - my; अनुग्रह (anugraha) - favor; बुद्धिना (buddhinā) - by the intellect; पितृकार्ये (pitṛkārye) - in the ancestral rite; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; उपदेशः (upadeśaḥ) - instruction; कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - was done; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; बृस्याम् (bṛsyām) - on the bṛsyā grass; दर्भेषु (darbheṣu) - on the darbha grass; हव्ये (havye) - in the oblation; च (ca) - and; कव्ये (kavye) - in the offering to ancestors; च (ca) - and; मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - O best of sages;]
(By affection indeed then, O brāhmaṇa, by my favor-intellect, in the ancestral rite, by you before, instruction was done, O sinless one. On the bṛsyā grass, on the darbha grass, in the oblation and in the offering to ancestors, O best of sages. (13-10-50))
Then, O brāhmaṇa, out of affection and by my gracious intellect, you had previously given instruction regarding the ancestral rite, O sinless one. On the bṛsyā and darbha grasses, in the oblation and the ancestral offering, O best of sages. (13-10-50)
एतेन कर्मदोषेण पुरोधास्त्वमजायथाः। अहं राजा च विप्रेन्द्र पश्य कालस्य पर्ययम् ॥१३-१०-५१॥
etena karmadoṣeṇa purodhāstvamajāyathāḥ। ahaṃ rājā ca viprendra paśya kālasya paryayam ॥13-10-51॥
[एतेन (etena) - by this; कर्मदोषेण (karmadoṣeṇa) - by the fault of action; पुरोधाः (purodhāḥ) - priest; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अजायथाः (ajāyathāḥ) - were born; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; राजा (rājā) - king; च (ca) - and; विप्रेन्द्र (viprendra) - O best of Brāhmaṇas; पश्य (paśya) - see; कालस्य (kālasya) - of time; पर्ययम् (paryayam) - cycle;]
(By this fault of action, you, the priest, were born. I, the king, and you, O best of Brāhmaṇas, see the cycle of time. (13-10-51))
Because of this fault in action, you, the priest, were born in this way. I, the king, and you, O best of Brāhmaṇas, observe the cycle of time. (13-10-51)
मत्कृते ह्युपदेशेन त्वया प्राप्तमिदं फलम् ॥१३-१०-५१॥
matkṛte hyupadeśena tvayā prāptamidaṃ phalam ॥13-10-51॥
[मत्कृते (matkṛte) - for my sake; हि (hi) - indeed; उपदेशेन (upadeśena) - by instruction; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained; इदं (idaṃ) - this; फलम् (phalam) - fruit;]
(For my sake indeed, by instruction, by you, obtained this fruit.)
Indeed, this fruit has been obtained by you through instruction for my sake. (13-10-51)
एतस्मात्कारणाद्ब्रह्मन्प्रहसे त्वां द्विजोत्तम। न त्वां परिभवन्ब्रह्मन्प्रहसामि गुरुर्भवान् ॥१३-१०-५२॥
etasmātkāraṇādbrahmanprahase tvāṃ dvijottama। na tvāṃ paribhavanbrahmanprahasāmi gururbhavān ॥13-10-52॥
[एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this; कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - cause; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; प्रहसे (prahase) - you laugh; त्वाम् (tvām) - at you; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born; न (na) - not; त्वाम् (tvām) - at you; परिभवन् (paribhavan) - disrespecting; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; प्रहसामि (prahasāmi) - I laugh; गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher; भवान् (bhavān) - you are;]
(From this cause, O Brahman, you laugh at you, O best of twice-born. Not at you, disrespecting, O Brahman, I laugh; teacher you are. (13-10-52))
For this reason, O Brahman, you laugh at yourself, O best of the twice-born. I do not laugh at you out of disrespect, O Brahman; you are my teacher. (13-10-52)
विपर्ययेण मे मन्युस्तेन सन्तप्यते मनः। जातिं स्मराम्यहं तुभ्यमतस्त्वां प्रहसामि वै ॥१३-१०-५३॥
viparyayeṇa me manyus tena santapyate manaḥ. jātiṃ smarāmy ahaṃ tubhyam atas tvāṃ prahasāmi vai ॥13-10-53॥
[विपर्ययेण (viparyayeṇa) - by reversal; मे (me) - my; मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger; तेन (tena) - by that; सन्तप्यते (santapyate) - is tormented; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; जातिं (jātiṃ) - birth; स्मरामि (smarāmi) - I remember; अहम् (aham) - I; तुभ्यम् (tubhyam) - to you; अतः (atas) - therefore; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; प्रहसामि (prahasāmi) - I smile; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(By reversal my anger by that is tormented mind. Birth I remember I to you therefore you I smile indeed.)
Because of reversal, my mind is tormented by anger. Remembering your birth, I therefore smile at you indeed. (13-10-53)
एवं तवोग्रं हि तप उपदेशेन नाशितम्। पुरोहितत्वमुत्सृज्य यतस्व त्वं पुनर्भवे ॥१३-१०-५४॥
evaṁ tavograṁ hi tapa upadeśena nāśitam। purohitatvam utsṛjya yatasva tvaṁ punarbhave ॥13-10-54॥
[एवं (evaṁ) - thus; तव (tava) - your; उग्रं (ugram) - fierce; हि (hi) - indeed; तप (tapa) - austerity; उपदेशेन (upadeśena) - by instruction; नाशितम् (nāśitam) - destroyed; पुरोहितत्वम् (purohitatvam) - the state of being a priest; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; यतस्व (yatasva) - strive; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; पुनर्भवे (punarbhave) - for rebirth;]
(Thus, your fierce austerity indeed by instruction destroyed; the state of being a priest having abandoned, strive you for rebirth; (13-10-54))
Thus, your fierce austerity has indeed been destroyed by instruction; having abandoned the priesthood, you should strive for rebirth. (13-10-54)
इतस्त्वमधमामन्यां मा योनिं प्राप्स्यसे द्विज। गृह्यतां द्रविणं विप्र पूतात्मा भव सत्तम ॥१३-१०-५५॥
itastvamadhamāmanyāṃ mā yoniṃ prāpsyase dvija। gṛhyatāṃ draviṇaṃ vipra pūtātmā bhava sattama ॥13-10-55॥
[इतः (itaḥ) - from here; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अधमाम् (adhamām) - lower; अन्यां (anyām) - other; मा (mā) - do not; योनिम् (yonim) - womb; प्राप्स्यसे (prāpsyase) - you will attain; द्विज (dvija) - twice-born; गृह्यताम् (gṛhyatām) - let it be taken; द्रविणम् (draviṇam) - wealth; विप्र (vipra) - brāhmaṇa; पूतात्मा (pūtātmā) - pure-souled; भव (bhava) - be; सत्तम (sattama) - best;]
(From here you, a twice-born, will not attain another lower womb; let the wealth be taken, O brāhmaṇa, be pure-souled, O best.)
From here, you, O twice-born, will not attain another lower birth; let the wealth be accepted, O brāhmaṇa, and become pure in soul, O best one. (13-10-55)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
ततो विसृष्टो राज्ञा तु विप्रो दानान्यनेकशः। ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददौ वित्तं भूमिं ग्रामांश्च सर्वशः ॥१३-१०-५६॥
tato visṛṣṭo rājñā tu vipro dānānyanekasaḥ। brāhmaṇebhyo dadau vittaṃ bhūmiṃ grāmāṃś ca sarvaśaḥ ॥13-10-56॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - released; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; तु (tu) - but; विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the brāhmaṇa; दानानि (dānāni) - gifts; अनेकशः (anekasaḥ) - in many ways; ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the brāhmaṇas; ददौ (dadau) - gave; वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely;]
(Then, released by the king, but the brāhmaṇa gave gifts in many ways to the brāhmaṇas: wealth, land, and villages entirely.)
Then, having been released by the king, the brāhmaṇa gave many kinds of gifts—wealth, land, and villages—to the brāhmaṇas in their entirety. (13-10-56)
कृच्छ्राणि चीर्त्वा च ततो यथोक्तानि द्विजोत्तमः। तीर्थानि चाभिगत्वा वै दानानि विविधानि च ॥१३-१०-५७॥
kṛcchrāṇi cīrtvā ca tato yathoktāni dvijottamaḥ। tīrthāni cābhigatvā vai dānāni vividhāni ca ॥13-10-57॥
[कृच्छ्राणि (kṛcchrāṇi) - austerities; चीर्त्वा (cīrtvā) - having performed; च (ca) - and; ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter; यथोक्तानि (yathoktāni) - as prescribed; द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - best of the twice-born; तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - holy places; च (ca) - and; अभिगत्वा (abhigatvā) - having approached; वै (vai) - indeed; दानानि (dānāni) - gifts; विविधानि (vividhāni) - various; च (ca) - and;]
(Having performed austerities and thereafter, as prescribed, the best of the twice-born, having approached holy places and indeed various gifts and.)
After performing austerities as prescribed, the best of the twice-born then visited holy places and indeed gave various gifts. (13-10-57)
दत्त्वा गाश्चैव विप्राणां पूतात्मा सोऽभवद्द्विजः। तमेव चाश्रमं गत्वा चचार विपुलं तपः ॥१३-१०-५८॥
dattvā gāś caiva viprāṇāṃ pūtātmā so 'bhavad dvijaḥ। tam eva cāśramaṃ gatvā cacāra vipulaṃ tapaḥ ॥13-10-58॥
[दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; गाः (gāḥ) - cows; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the Brāhmaṇas; पूतात्मा (pūtātmā) - pure-souled; सः (saḥ) - he; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born; तम् (tam) - that; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; आश्रमम् (āśramam) - hermitage; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; चचार (cacāra) - practiced; विपुलम् (vipulam) - great; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity;]
(Having given cows indeed to the Brāhmaṇas, the pure-souled he became twice-born. That very hermitage having gone, he practiced great austerity. (13-10-58))
After giving cows to the Brāhmaṇas, he, purified in soul, became a twice-born. Going to that very hermitage, he practiced great austerity. (13-10-58)
ततः सिद्धिं परां प्राप्तो ब्राह्मणो राजसत्तम। संमतश्चाभवत्तेषामाश्रमेऽऽश्रमवासिनाम् ॥१३-१०-५९॥
tataḥ siddhiṃ parāṃ prāpto brāhmaṇo rājasattama। saṃmataś cābhavat teṣām āśrame'śramavāsinām ॥13-10-59॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; सिद्धिं (siddhiṃ) - perfection; परां (parāṃ) - supreme; प्राप्तो (prāptaḥ) - attained; ब्राह्मणो (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings; संमतश् (saṃmataḥ) - respected; च (ca) - and; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them; आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage; अश्रमवासिनाम् (aśramavāsinām) - of the hermitage-dwellers;]
(Then the brāhmaṇa, O best of kings, having attained supreme perfection, became respected among them in the hermitage of the hermitage-dwellers.)
Then, O best of kings, the brāhmaṇa attained supreme perfection and became respected by all the hermitage-dwellers in their hermitage. (13-10-59)
एवं प्राप्तो महत्कृच्छ्रमृषिः स नृपसत्तम। ब्राह्मणेन न वक्तव्यं तस्माद्वर्णावरे जने ॥१३-१०-६०॥
evaṃ prāpto mahatkṛcchram ṛṣiḥ sa nṛpasattama। brāhmaṇena na vaktavyaṃ tasmād varṇāvare jane ॥13-10-60॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; in this way; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having attained; having reached; महत् (mahat) - great; कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - difficulty; hardship; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; स (sa) - he; नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings; ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a brāhmaṇa; न (na) - not; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - to be spoken; to be told; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; वर्णावरे (varṇāvare) - to one of lower caste; जने (jane) - to a person; to a man;]
(Thus, having attained great hardship, the sage, he, O best of kings, by a brāhmaṇa, not to be spoken, therefore, to one of lower caste, to a person.)
O best of kings, thus the sage, having undergone great hardship, should not be spoken to by a brāhmaṇa; therefore, it should not be told to a person of lower caste. (13-10-60)
वर्जयेदुपदेशं च सदैव ब्राह्मणो नृप। उपदेशं हि कुर्वाणो द्विजः कृच्छ्रमवाप्नुयात् ॥१३-१०-६१॥
varjayed upadeśaṃ ca sadaiva brāhmaṇo nṛpa। upadeśaṃ hi kurvāṇo dvijaḥ kṛcchram avāpnuyāt ॥13-10-61॥
[वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; उपदेशं (upadeśam) - instruction; च (ca) - and; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; नृप (nṛpa) - O king; उपदेशं (upadeśam) - instruction; हि (hi) - indeed; कुर्वाणः (kurvāṇaḥ) - doing; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born; कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - difficulty; अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - may obtain;]
(Should avoid instruction and always brāhmaṇa O king. Instruction indeed doing twice-born difficulty may obtain. (13-10-61))
O king, a brāhmaṇa should always avoid giving instruction. For a twice-born who gives instruction indeed may encounter difficulty. (13-10-61)
एषितव्यं सदा वाचा नृपेण द्विजसत्तमात्। न प्रवक्तव्यमिह हि किञ्चिद्वर्णावरे जने ॥१३-१०-६२॥
eṣitavyaṃ sadā vācā nṛpeṇa dvijasattamāt। na pravaktavyam iha hi kiñcid varṇāvare jane ॥13-10-62॥
[एषितव्यं (eṣitavyam) - to be sought; to be desired; सदा (sadā) - always; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; by words; नृपेण (nṛpeṇa) - by the king; द्विजसत्तमात् (dvijasattamāt) - from the best among the twice-born; न (na) - not; प्रवक्तव्यम् (pravaktavyam) - to be spoken; to be declared; इह (iha) - here; in this context; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; even a little; वर्णावरे (varṇāvare) - in the lowest of the classes; जने (jane) - in a person; among people;]
(To be sought always by speech by the king from the best among the twice-born; not to be spoken here indeed anything in the lowest of the classes among people.)
The king should always seek advice by words from the best among the twice-born; nothing at all should be spoken here to a person of the lowest class. (13-10-62)
ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्यास्त्रयो वर्णा द्विजातयः। एतेषु कथयन्राजन्ब्राह्मणो न प्रदुष्यति ॥१३-१०-६३॥
brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāstrayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ। eteṣu kathayanrājanbrāhmaṇo na praduṣyati ॥13-10-63॥
[ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kṣatriyas; वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaiśyas; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - classes; द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - twice-borns; एतेषु (eteṣu) - among these; कथयन् (kathayan) - speaking; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brāhmaṇa; न (na) - not; प्रदुष्यति (praduṣyati) - becomes corrupted;]
(Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas—three classes, twice-borns; among these, speaking, O king, the Brāhmaṇa does not become corrupted.)
O king, among the three twice-born classes—Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas—when speaking of these, the Brāhmaṇa does not become corrupted. (13-10-63)
तस्मात्सद्भिर्न वक्तव्यं कस्यचित्किञ्चिदग्रतः। सूक्ष्मा गतिर्हि धर्मस्य दुर्ज्ञेया ह्यकृतात्मभिः ॥१३-१०-६४॥
tasmātsadbhir na vaktavyaṃ kasyacit kiñcid agrataḥ। sūkṣmā gatir hi dharmasya durjñeyā hy akṛtātmabhiḥ ॥13-10-64॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; सद्भिः (sadbhih) - by the good; न (na) - not; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken; कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (of); सूक्ष्मा (sūkṣmā) - subtle; गतिः (gatiḥ) - course; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; दुर्ज्ञेया (durjñeyā) - difficult to know; हि (hi) - indeed; अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those whose self is not mastered;]
(Therefore, by the good, not should be spoken to anyone anything in front (of). Subtle course indeed of dharma difficult to know indeed by those whose self is not mastered. (13-10-64))
Therefore, the good should not speak anything in front of anyone. The path of dharma is subtle and indeed difficult to know for those whose self is not mastered. (13-10-64)
तस्मान्मौनानि मुनयो दीक्षां कुर्वन्ति चादृताः। दुरुक्तस्य भयाद्राजन्नानुभाषन्ति किञ्चन ॥१३-१०-६५॥
tasmān maunāni munayo dīkṣāṃ kurvanti cādṛtāḥ। duruktasya bhayād rājan nānubhāṣanti kiñcana ॥13-10-65॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; मौनानि (maunāni) - vows of silence; मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages; दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - initiation; कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - perform; च (ca) - and; आदृताः (ādṛtāḥ) - with respect; दुरुक्तस्य (duruktasya) - of harsh speech; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; अनुभाषन्ति (anubhāṣanti) - speak; किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything;]
(Therefore, the sages, with respect, perform vows of silence and initiation; from fear of harsh speech, O king, they do not speak anything.)
Therefore, O king, the sages respectfully undertake vows of silence and initiation; out of fear of harsh words, they do not speak anything. (13-10-65)
धार्मिका गुणसम्पन्नाः सत्यार्जवपरायणाः। दुरुक्तवाचाभिहताः प्राप्नुवन्तीह दुष्कृतम् ॥१३-१०-६६॥
dhārmikā guṇasampannāḥ satyārjavaparāyaṇāḥ। duruktavācābhihatāḥ prāpnuvantīha duṣkṛtam ॥13-10-66॥
[धार्मिका (dhārmikāḥ) - righteous ones; गुणसम्पन्नाः (guṇasampannāḥ) - endowed with virtues; सत्यार्जवपरायणाः (satyārjavaparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to truth and honesty; दुरुक्तवाचा (duruktavācā) - by harsh speech; अभिहताः (abhihatāḥ) - afflicted; प्राप्नुवन्ति (prāpnuvanti) - attain; इह (iha) - here; दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil result;]
(Righteous ones endowed with virtues, devoted to truth and honesty, afflicted by harsh speech, here attain evil result.)
The righteous, virtuous, and truth-loving are afflicted by harsh words and thus suffer evil consequences here. (13-10-66)
उपदेशो न कर्तव्यः कदाचिदपि कस्यचित्। उपदेशाद्धि तत्पापं ब्राह्मणः समवाप्नुयात् ॥१३-१०-६७॥
upadeśo na kartavyaḥ kadācidapi kasyacit। upadeśāddhi tatpāpaṃ brāhmaṇaḥ samavāpnuyāt ॥13-10-67॥
[उपदेशः (upadeśaḥ) - instruction; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - to be done; कदाचित् (kadācit) - at any time; अपि (api) - even; कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone; उपदेशात् (upadeśāt) - from instruction; हि (hi) - indeed; तत् (tat) - that; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; समवाप्नुयात् (samavāpnuyāt) - may obtain;]
(Instruction not to be done at any time even to anyone. From instruction indeed that sin brāhmaṇa may obtain.)
Instruction should never be given to anyone at any time. For by giving instruction, indeed, a brāhmaṇa may incur that sin. (13-10-67)
विमृश्य तस्मात्प्राज्ञेन वक्तव्यं धर्ममिच्छता। सत्यानृतेन हि कृत उपदेशो हिनस्ति वै ॥१३-१०-६८॥
vimṛśya tasmāt prājñena vaktavyaṃ dharmam icchatā। satyānṛtena hi kṛta upadeśo hinasti vai ॥13-10-68॥
[विमृश्य (vimṛśya) - having considered; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; प्राज्ञेन (prājñena) - by the wise; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be spoken; धर्मम् (dharmam) - dharma; इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring; सत्य-अनृतेन (satya-anṛtena) - with truth and untruth; हि (hi) - indeed; कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done; उपदेशः (upadeśaḥ) - instruction; हिनस्ति (hinasti) - destroys; वै (vai) - truly;]
(Having considered, therefore, by the wise, should be spoken, dharma, by one desiring. With truth and untruth indeed done instruction destroys truly. (13-10-68))
Therefore, having considered, a wise person who desires dharma should speak. For instruction given with both truth and untruth indeed truly destroys. (13-10-68)
वक्तव्यमिह पृष्टेन विनिश्चित्य विपर्ययम्। स चोपदेशः कर्तव्यो येन धर्ममवाप्नुयात् ॥१३-१०-६९॥
vaktavyam iha pṛṣṭena viniścitya viparyayam। sa copadeśaḥ kartavyo yena dharmam avāpnuyāt ॥13-10-69॥
[वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - to be spoken; इह (iha) - here; पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by the one who has asked; विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having ascertained; विपर्ययम् (viparyayam) - error; सः (saḥ) - that; च (ca) - and; उपदेशः (upadeśaḥ) - instruction; कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be done; येन (yena) - by which; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - might attain;]
(To be spoken here by the one who has asked, having ascertained the error; that and instruction should be done by which righteousness might attain.)
Here, one should speak, after ascertaining the error, to the questioner; and that instruction should be given by which righteousness may be attained. (13-10-69)
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातमुपदेशे कृते सति। महान्क्लेशो हि भवति तस्मान्नोपदिशेत्क्वचित् ॥१३-१०-७०॥
etat te sarvam ākhyātam upadeśe kṛte sati। mahān kleśaḥ hi bhavati tasmāt na upadiśet kvacit ॥13-10-70॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; ते (te) - to you; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been told; उपदेशे (upadeśe) - in instruction; कृते (kṛte) - having been done; सति (sati) - when there is; महान् (mahān) - great; क्लेशः (kleśaḥ) - trouble; हि (hi) - indeed; भवति (bhavati) - arises; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; न (na) - not; उपदिशेत् (upadiśet) - should instruct; क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere;]
(This to you all has been told; in instruction having been done when there is, great trouble indeed arises; therefore not should instruct anywhere.)
All this has been told to you; when instruction has been given, great trouble indeed arises; therefore, one should not instruct anywhere. (13-10-70)
