13.025
ब्रह्मघातिस्वरूपम्
brahma-ghāti-svarūpam
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; घाति (ghāti) - killer; slayer; स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - nature; form; essence;]
(Brahman; killer; nature;)
The nature of a killer of Brahman.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
इदं मे तत्त्वतो राजन्वक्तुमर्हसि भारत। अहिंसयित्वा केनेह ब्रह्महत्या विधीयते ॥१३-२५-१॥
idaṃ me tattvato rājan vaktum arhasi bhārata। ahiṃsayitvā keneha brahmahatyā vidhīyate ॥13-25-1॥
[इदं (idaṃ) - this; मे (me) - to me; तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in reality; राजन् (rājan) - O king; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy; भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata; अहिंसयित्वा (ahiṃsayitvā) - without harming; केन (kena) - by whom; इह (iha) - here; ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - killing of a Brāhmaṇa; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is performed;]
(This to me in reality, O king, to speak you are worthy, O Bhārata. Without harming, by whom here the killing of a Brāhmaṇa is performed. (13-25-1))
O Bhārata, O king, you are worthy to tell me this in reality. By whom here is the killing of a Brāhmaṇa performed without harming? (13-25-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
व्यासमामन्त्र्य राजेन्द्र पुरा यत्पृष्टवानहम्। तत्तेऽहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि तदिहैकमनाः शृणु ॥१३-२५-२॥
vyāsam āmantrya rājendra purā yat pṛṣṭavān aham। tat te 'ham sampravakṣyāmi tad ihaika-manāḥ śṛṇu ॥13-25-2॥
[व्यासम् (vyāsam) - Vyāsa; (the sage Vyāsa); आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed; having spoken to; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; O chief of kings; पुरा (purā) - formerly; in the past; यत् (yat) - which; what; पृष्टवान् (pṛṣṭavān) - asked; questioned; अहम् (aham) - I; तत् (tat) - that; ते (te) - to you; अहम् (aham) - I; सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि (sampravakṣyāmi) - shall fully declare; shall explain in detail; तत् (tat) - that; इह (iha) - here; एकमनाः (eka-manāḥ) - with one mind; attentively; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; listen;]
(Having addressed Vyāsa, O king, formerly, which I asked, I shall fully declare that to you; that here, with one mind, listen.)
O king, having addressed Vyāsa in the past regarding what I had asked, I shall now fully explain that to you; therefore, listen here with full attention. (13-25-2)
चतुर्थस्त्वं वसिष्ठस्य तत्त्वमाख्याहि मे मुने। अहिंसयित्वा केनेह ब्रह्महत्या विधीयते ॥१३-२५-३॥
caturthas tvaṃ vasiṣṭhasya tattvam ākhyāhi me mune। ahiṃsayitvā keneha brahmahatyā vidhīyate ॥13-25-3॥
[चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - fourth; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; वसिष्ठस्य (vasiṣṭhasya) - of Vasiṣṭha; तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - truth; आख्याहि (ākhyāhi) - tell; मे (me) - to me; मुने (mune) - O sage; अहिंसयित्वा (ahiṃsayitvā) - having not injured; केन (kena) - by what; इह (iha) - here; ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - killing of a Brāhmaṇa; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed;]
(Fourth you of Vasiṣṭha truth tell to me O sage. Having not injured by what here killing of a Brāhmaṇa is prescribed (13-25-3))
O sage, you are the fourth of Vasiṣṭha; tell me the truth. By what, here, is the killing of a Brāhmaṇa prescribed, even without causing harm? (13-25-3)
इति पृष्टो महाराज पराशरशरीरजः। अब्रवीन्निपुणो धर्मे निःसंशयमनुत्तमम् ॥१३-२५-४॥
iti pṛṣṭo mahārāja parāśaraśarīrajaḥ। abravīnnipuṇo dharme niḥsaṃśayamanuttamam ॥13-25-4॥
[इति (iti) - thus; पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; पराशरशरीरजः (parāśaraśarīrajaḥ) - the one born from the body of Parāśara; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; निपुणः (nipuṇaḥ) - skilled; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; निःसंशयम् (niḥsaṃśayam) - without doubt; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - the highest;]
(Thus having been asked, O great king, the one born from the body of Parāśara, skilled in dharma, said without doubt the highest.)
Thus, when questioned, O great king, the son of Parāśara, who was skilled in dharma, spoke the highest truth without any doubt. (13-25-4)
ब्राह्मणं स्वयमाहूय भिक्षार्थे कृशवृत्तिनम्। ब्रूयान्नास्तीति यः पश्चात्तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-५॥
brāhmaṇaṃ svayam āhūya bhikṣārthe kṛśavṛttinam। brūyān nāstīti yaḥ paścāt taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-5॥
[ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brāhmaṇa; स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself; आहूय (āhūya) - having called; भिक्षार्थे (bhikṣārthe) - for the purpose of alms; कृशवृत्तिनम् (kṛśavṛttinam) - of lean livelihood; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should say; नास्ति (nāsti) - there is not; इति (iti) - thus; यः (yaḥ) - who; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; तम् (tam) - him; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - a killer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(A Brāhmaṇa, oneself having called, for the purpose of alms, of lean livelihood, should say 'there is not' thus, who afterwards, him, should know (as) a killer of a Brāhmaṇa.)
If someone calls a Brāhmaṇa of meager means for alms and then afterwards tells him 'there is nothing,' know that person to be a killer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-5)
मध्यस्थस्येह विप्रस्य योऽनूचानस्य भारत। वृत्तिं हरति दुर्बुद्धिस्तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-६॥
madhyasthasya iha viprasya yaḥ anūcānasya bhārata। vṛttiṃ harati durbuddhiḥ taṃ vidyāt brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-6॥
[मध्यस्थस्य (madhyasthasya) - of the neutral; of the mediator; इह (iha) - here; in this world; विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of the brāhmaṇa; of the wise; यः (yaḥ) - who; अनूचानस्य (anūcānasya) - of the learner; of the student; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; वृत्तिं (vṛttiṃ) - livelihood; means of living; हरति (harati) - takes away; seizes; दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - evil-minded; of wicked intellect; तम् (tam) - him; that one; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - slayer of a Brāhmaṇa; killer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(Of the neutral here, of the brāhmaṇa, who, of the learner, O Bhārata, livelihood takes away, evil-minded, him should know as slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-6))
O Bhārata, know that evil-minded person who takes away the livelihood of a neutral brāhmaṇa or a student here as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-6)
गोकुलस्य तृषार्तस्य जलार्थे वसुधाधिप। उत्पादयति यो विघ्नं तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-७॥
gokulasya tṛṣārtasya jalārthe vasudhādhipa। utpādayati yo vighnaṃ taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-7॥
[गोकुलस्य (gokulasya) - of the cowherd settlement; तृषार्तस्य (tṛṣārtasya) - of the one afflicted by thirst; जलार्थे (jalārthe) - for the sake of water; वसुधाधिप (vasudhādhipa) - O lord of the earth; उत्पादयति (utpādayati) - causes; यः (yaḥ) - who; विघ्नं (vighnam) - obstacle; तम् (tam) - him; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(Of the cowherd settlement, of the one afflicted by thirst, for the sake of water, O lord of the earth, who causes an obstacle, him should know as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa.)
O lord of the earth, know that whoever creates an obstacle to water for the thirsty people of the cowherd settlement is to be regarded as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-7)
यः प्रवृत्तां श्रुतिं सम्यक्षास्त्रं वा मुनिभिः कृतम्। दूषयत्यनभिज्ञाय तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-८॥
yaḥ pravṛttāṃ śrutiṃ samyak-śāstraṃ vā munibhiḥ kṛtam। dūṣayaty anabhijñāya taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-8॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रवृत्तां (pravṛttām) - established; श्रुतिं (śrutim) - Veda; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; शास्त्रं (śāstram) - treatise; वा (vā) - or; मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - by sages; कृतम् (kṛtam) - made; दूषयति (dūṣayati) - defiles; अनभिज्ञाय (anabhijñāya) - without knowing; तं (tam) - him; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - slayer of Brahman;]
(Who established Veda, properly treatise or by sages made, defiles without knowing, him one should know as slayer of Brahman.)
Whoever, without understanding, defiles the established Veda or a proper treatise made by sages, should be known as a slayer of Brahman. (13-25-8)
आत्मजां रूपसम्पन्नां महतीं सदृशे वरे। न प्रयच्छति यः कन्यां तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-९॥
ātmajāṃ rūpasampannāṃ mahatīṃ sadṛśe vare। na prayacchati yaḥ kanyāṃ taṃ vidyād brahmaghātinam ॥13-25-9॥
[आत्मजां (ātmajām) - own daughter; रूपसम्पन्नां (rūpasampannām) - endowed with beauty; महतीं (mahatīm) - great; सदृशे (sadṛśe) - to a suitable; वरे (vare) - groom; न (na) - not; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives; यः (yaḥ) - who; कन्यां (kanyām) - maiden; तं (tam) - him; विद्याद् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahmaghātinam) - slayer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(Own daughter endowed with beauty, great, to a suitable groom, not gives who maiden, him should know slayer of a Brāhmaṇa.)
One who does not give his own beautiful and great daughter to a suitable groom should be known as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-9)
अधर्मनिरतो मूढो मिथ्या यो वै द्विजातिषु। दद्यान्मर्मातिगं शोकं तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-१०॥
adharmanirato mūḍho mithyā yo vai dvijātiṣu। dadyān marmātigaṃ śokaṃ taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-10॥
[अधर्मनिरतः (adharmanirataḥ) - engaged in unrighteousness; मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded; मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely; यः (yaḥ) - who; वै (vai) - indeed; द्विजातिषु (dvijātiṣu) - among twice-born; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; मर्मातिगम् (marmātigam) - exceeding the vital part; शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow; तम् (tam) - him; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - slayer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(Engaged in unrighteousness, deluded, falsely, who indeed among twice-born should give exceeding the vital part sorrow, him should know as slayer of a Brāhmaṇa.)
One who is engaged in unrighteousness, deluded, and falsely causes deep sorrow among the twice-born—such a person should be known as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-10)
चक्षुषा विप्रहीनस्य पङ्गुलस्य जडस्य वा। हरेत यो वै सर्वस्वं तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-११॥
cakṣuṣā viprahīnasya paṅgulasya jaḍasya vā। haret yo vai sarvasvaṃ taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-11॥
[चक्षुषा (cakṣuṣā) - by the eye; विप्रहीनस्य (viprahīnasya) - of one deprived of a brāhmaṇa; पङ्गुलस्य (paṅgulasya) - of a lame person; जडस्य (jaḍasya) - of a dull-witted person; वा (vā) - or; हरेत (haret) - removes; यः (yaḥ) - who; वै (vai) - indeed; सर्वस्वं (sarvasvam) - all property; तम् (tam) - him; विद्याद् (vidyāt) - should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - as a slayer of a brāhmaṇa;]
(By the eye, of one deprived of a brāhmaṇa, of a lame person, of a dull-witted person, or, removes, who, indeed, all property, him, should know, as a slayer of a brāhmaṇa.)
Whoever takes away all the property, whether by sight, from one deprived of a brāhmaṇa, a lame person, or a dull-witted person, should be known as a slayer of a brāhmaṇa. (13-25-11)
आश्रमे वा वने वा यो ग्रामे वा यदि वा पुरे। अग्निं समुत्सृजेन्मोहात्तं विद्याद्ब्रह्मघातिनम् ॥१३-२५-१२॥
āśrame vā vane vā yo grāme vā yadi vā pure। agniṃ samutsṛjen mohāt taṃ vidyād brahma-ghātinam ॥13-25-12॥
[आश्रमे (āśrame) - in a hermitage; वा (vā) - or; वने (vane) - in a forest; वा (vā) - or; यः (yaḥ) - who; ग्रामे (grāme) - in a village; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; पुरे (pure) - in a city; अग्निम् (agniṃ) - fire; समुत्सृजेत् (samutsṛjet) - abandons; मोहात् (mohāt) - out of delusion; तम् (tam) - him; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know; ब्रह्मघातिनम् (brahma-ghātinam) - a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa;]
(In a hermitage or in a forest or who in a village or if or in a city, fire abandons out of delusion, him one should know as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-12))
Whoever, whether in a hermitage, forest, village, or city, abandons fire out of delusion, should be known as a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa. (13-25-12)
