13.036
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। शक्रशम्बरसंवादं तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-३६-१॥
atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam। śakraśambara-saṃvādaṃ tan nibodha yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-36-1॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; अपि (api) - also; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite; इमम् (imam) - this; इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history; पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient; शक्रशम्बरसंवादम् (śakraśambara-saṃvādam) - dialogue of Śakra and Śambara; तत् (tat) - that; निबोध (nibodha) - know; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]
(Here also they cite this ancient history, the dialogue of Śakra and Śambara; that know, Yudhiṣṭhira.)
Here too, they recount this ancient story—the dialogue between Śakra and Śambara; listen to that, Yudhiṣṭhira. (13-36-1)
शक्रो ह्यज्ञातरूपेण जटी भूत्वा रजोरुणः। विरूपं रूपमास्थाय प्रश्नं पप्रच्छ शम्बरम् ॥१३-३६-२॥
śakro hy ajñātarūpeṇa jaṭī bhūtvā rajorūṇaḥ। virūpaṃ rūpam āsthāya praśnaṃ papraccha śambaram ॥13-36-2॥
[शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra; हि (hi) - indeed; अज्ञातरूपेण (ajñātarūpeṇa) - with an unknown form; जटी (jaṭī) - having matted hair; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; रजोरुणः (rajorūṇaḥ) - reddish with dust; विरूपम् (virūpam) - deformed; रूपम् (rūpam) - form; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having assumed; प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - question; पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked; शम्बरम् (śambaram) - Śambara;]
(Indra indeed, with an unknown form, having become one with matted hair, reddish with dust, having assumed a deformed form, asked a question to Śambara.)
Indra, indeed, disguising himself in an unknown form, became a matted-haired ascetic, his body reddened with dust, and, assuming a deformed appearance, asked Śambara a question. (13-36-2)
केन शम्बर वृत्तेन स्वजात्यानधितिष्ठसि। श्रेष्ठं त्वां केन मन्यन्ते तन्मे प्रब्रूहि पृच्छतः ॥१३-३६-३॥
kena śambara vṛttena svajātyān adhitiṣṭhasi। śreṣṭhaṃ tvāṃ kena manyante tan me prabrūhi pṛcchataḥ ॥13-36-3॥
[केन (kena) - by what; शम्बर (śambara) - Śambara (name); वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct; स्वजात्यान् (svajātyān) - own kindred; अधितिष्ठसि (adhitiṣṭhasi) - do you surpass; श्रेष्ठं (śreṣṭham) - the best; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; केन (kena) - by what; मन्यन्ते (manyante) - do they consider; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - to me; प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - tell; पृच्छतः (pṛcchataḥ) - of (me) asking;]
(By what conduct of Śambara do you surpass your own kindred? The best, you, by what do they consider? That to me tell, (I am) asking.)
By what conduct of Śambara do you surpass your own kindred? By what do they consider you the best? Tell me that, as I am asking. (13-36-3)
शम्बर उवाच॥
śambara uvāca॥
[शम्बर (śambara) - Śambara; (name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Śambara said;)
Śambara said.
नासूयामि सदा विप्रान्ब्रह्माणं च पितामहम्। शास्त्राणि वदतो विप्रान्संमन्यामि यथासुखम् ॥१३-३६-४॥
nāsūyāmi sadā viprān brahmāṇaṃ ca pitāmaham। śāstrāṇi vadato viprān saṃmanyāmi yathāsukham ॥13-36-4॥
[न (na) - not; असूयामि (asūyāmi) - I envy; सदा (sadā) - always; विप्रान् (viprān) - brāhmaṇas; ब्रह्माणम् (brahmāṇam) - Brahmā; च (ca) - and; पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - the Grandfather; शास्त्राणि (śāstrāṇi) - scriptures; वदतः (vadataḥ) - speaking; विप्रान् (viprān) - brāhmaṇas; संमन्यामि (saṃmanyāmi) - I honor; यथा (yathā) - as; सुखम् (sukham) - pleasure;]
(Not I envy always brāhmaṇas, Brahmā and the Grandfather. Scriptures speaking brāhmaṇas I honor as pleasure. (13-36-4))
I never envy brāhmaṇas, Brahmā, or the Grandfather. I honor brāhmaṇas who speak the scriptures with pleasure. (13-36-4)
श्रुत्वा च नावजानामि नापराध्यामि कर्हिचित्। अभ्यर्च्याननुपृच्छामि पादौ गृह्णामि धीमताम् ॥१३-३६-५॥
śrutvā ca nāvajānāmi nāparādhyāmi karhicit। abhyarcyānanupṛcchāmi pādau gṛhṇāmi dhīmatām ॥13-36-5॥
[श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अवजानामि (avajānāmi) - I despise; न (na) - not; अपराध्यामि (aparādhyāmi) - I transgress; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - at any time; अभ्यर्च्य (abhyarcya) - having worshipped; अनुपृच्छामि (anupṛcchāmi) - I respectfully ask; पादौ (pādau) - feet; गृह्णामि (gṛhṇāmi) - I grasp; धीमताम् (dhīmatām) - of the wise;]
(Having heard and I do not despise, I do not transgress at any time; having worshipped, I respectfully ask, I grasp the feet of the wise.)
Having listened, I never despise nor transgress at any time; after worshipping, I respectfully inquire and grasp the feet of the wise. (13-36-5)
ते विश्रब्धाः प्रभाषन्ते संयच्छन्ति च मां सदा। प्रमत्तेष्वप्रमत्तोऽस्मि सदा सुप्तेषु जागृमि ॥१३-३६-६॥
te viśrabdhāḥ prabhāṣante saṁyacchanti ca māṁ sadā| pramatteṣvapramatto'smi sadā supteṣu jāgṛmi ॥13-36-6॥
[ते (te) - they; विश्रब्धाः (viśrabdhāḥ) - confident; प्रभाषन्ते (prabhāṣante) - speak; संयच्छन्ति (saṁyacchanti) - restrain; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - me; सदा (sadā) - always; प्रमत्तेषु (pramatteṣu) - among the negligent; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not negligent; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; सदा (sadā) - always; सुप्तेषु (supteṣu) - among the sleeping; जागृमि (jāgṛmi) - I am awake;]
(They, confident, speak, restrain, and me, always; among the negligent, not negligent I am, always; among the sleeping, I am awake.)
They, being confident, speak and restrain me always; among the negligent, I am not negligent always; among the sleeping, I am awake. (13-36-6)
ते मा शास्त्रपथे युक्तं ब्रह्मण्यमनसूयकम्। समासिञ्चन्ति शास्तारः क्षौद्रं मध्विव मक्षिकाः ॥१३-३६-७॥
te mā śāstrapathe yuktaṃ brahmaṇyamanasūyakam। samāsiñcanti śāstāraḥ kṣaudraṃ madhviva makṣikāḥ ॥13-36-7॥
[ते (te) - they; मा (mā) - me; शास्त्रपथे (śāstrapathe) - on the path of śāstra; युक्तं (yuktaṃ) - joined; ब्रह्मण्य (brahmaṇya) - devoted to Brahman; अनसूयकम् (anasūyakam) - without envy; समासिञ्चन्ति (samāsiñcanti) - sprinkle; शास्तारः (śāstāraḥ) - teachers; क्षौद्रं (kṣaudraṃ) - honey; मध्विव (madhviva) - like honey; मक्षिकाः (makṣikāḥ) - bees;]
(They me on the path of śāstra joined devoted to Brahman without envy sprinkle teachers honey like honey bees.)
Just as bees sprinkle honey, so do the teachers sprinkle me, who am joined to the path of śāstra, devoted to Brahman and without envy. (13-36-7)
यच्च भाषन्ति ते तुष्टास्तत्तद्गृह्णामि मेधया। समाधिमात्मनो नित्यमनुलोममचिन्तयन् ॥१३-३६-८॥
yacca bhāṣanti te tuṣṭās tattad gṛhṇāmi medhayā। samādhim ātmano nityam anulomam acintayan ॥13-36-8॥
[यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; भाषन्ति (bhāṣanti) - they speak; ते (te) - they; तुष्टाः (tuṣṭāḥ) - satisfied; तत्तत् (tattat) - that and that; गृह्णामि (gṛhṇāmi) - I accept; मेधया (medhayā) - with intelligence; समाधिम् (samādhim) - concentration; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अनुलोमम् (anulomam) - in accordance; अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - contemplating;]
(And whatever those satisfied ones speak, that and that I accept with intelligence, always contemplating the concentration of the self in accordance.)
Whatever the satisfied ones say, I accept all that with intelligence, always contemplating the self's concentration in accordance. (13-36-8)
सोऽहं वागग्रसृष्टानां रसानामवलेहकः। स्वजात्यानधितिष्ठामि नक्षत्राणीव चन्द्रमाः ॥१३-३६-९॥
so'ham vāg-agrasṛṣṭānāṃ rasānām avalehakaḥ। svajātī-anadhitiṣṭhāmi nakṣatrāṇīva candramāḥ ॥13-36-9॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अहम् (aham) - I; वाक्-अग्र-सृष्टानाम् (vāk-agrasṛṣṭānām) - of those created at the forefront of speech; रसानाम् (rasānām) - of tastes; अवलेहकः (avalehakaḥ) - taster; स्व-जात्या (svajātyā) - by own kind; अनधितिष्ठामि (anadhitiṣṭhāmi) - I do not preside over; नक्षत्राणि-इव (nakṣatrāṇīva) - like the stars; चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon;]
(He I of those created at the forefront of speech of tastes taster; by own kind I do not preside over; like the stars the moon.)
I am the taster of the essences created at the forefront of speech; I do not preside over my own kind, just as the moon does not preside over the stars. (13-36-9)
एतत्पृथिव्याममृतमेतच्चक्षुरनुत्तमम्। यद्ब्राह्मणमुखाच्छास्त्रमिह श्रुत्वा प्रवर्तते ॥१३-३६-१०॥
etat pṛthivyām amṛtam etac cakṣur anuttamam। yad brāhmaṇa-mukhāt śāstram iha śrutvā pravartate ॥13-36-10॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth; अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortal; nectar; एतत् (etat) - this; चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed; highest; यत् (yat) - which; ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - of a brāhmaṇa; मुखात् (mukhāt) - from the mouth; शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - teaching; scripture; इह (iha) - here; in this world; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts; proceeds;]
(This on earth is immortal; this is the unsurpassed eye; which, having heard the teaching from the mouth of a brāhmaṇa here, acts.)
This, on earth, is immortal; this is the highest vision; whoever, having heard the teaching from the mouth of a brāhmaṇa here, acts accordingly. (13-36-10)
एतत्कारणमाज्ञाय दृष्ट्वा देवासुरं पुरा। युद्धं पिता मे हृष्टात्मा विस्मितः प्रत्यपद्यत ॥१३-३६-११॥
etat-kāraṇam-ājñāya dṛṣṭvā deva-asuram purā। yuddham pitā me hṛṣṭātmā vismitaḥ pratyapadyata ॥13-36-11॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; देवासुरम् (deva-asuram) - gods and asuras; पुरा (purā) - formerly; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; पिता (pitā) - father; मे (me) - my; हृष्टात्मा (hṛṣṭātmā) - gladdened in spirit; विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished; प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - engaged;]
(Having understood this cause, having seen the gods and asuras formerly, my father, gladdened in spirit and astonished, engaged in battle.)
Having understood this cause and having seen the gods and asuras in former times, my father, delighted and astonished, engaged in battle. (13-36-11)
दृष्ट्वा च ब्राह्मणानां तु महिमानं महात्मनाम्। पर्यपृच्छत्कथमिमे सिद्धा इति निशाकरम् ॥१३-३६-१२॥
dṛṣṭvā ca brāhmaṇānāṃ tu mahimānaṃ mahātmanām। paryapṛcchat katham ime siddhā iti niśākaram ॥13-36-12॥
[दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the brāhmaṇas; तु (tu) - but; महिमानम् (mahimānam) - greatness; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled ones; पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he asked; कथम् (katham) - how; इमे (ime) - these; सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected ones; इति (iti) - thus; निशाकरम् (niśākaram) - the moon;]
(Having seen and but the greatness of the brāhmaṇas, of the great-souled ones, he asked how these perfected ones thus the moon.)
Having seen the greatness of the brāhmaṇas, the great-souled ones, he asked the moon, "How did these become perfected?" (13-36-12)
सोम उवाच॥
soma uvāca॥
[सोम (soma) - Soma; (the Moon deity); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Soma said;)
Soma said.
ब्राह्मणास्तपसा सर्वे सिध्यन्ते वाग्बलाः सदा। भुजवीर्या हि राजानो वागस्त्राश्च द्विजातयः ॥१३-३६-१३॥
brāhmaṇās tapasā sarve sidhyante vāgbalāḥ sadā। bhujavīryā hi rājāno vāgastrāś ca dvijātayaḥ ॥13-36-13॥
[ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity; सर्वे (sarve) - all; सिध्यन्ते (sidhyante) - are accomplished; वाग्बलाः (vāgbalāḥ) - having the strength of speech; सदा (sadā) - always; भुजवीर्याः (bhujavīryāḥ) - having the strength of the arm; हि (hi) - indeed; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; वागस्त्राः (vāgastrāḥ) - those whose weapon is speech; च (ca) - and; द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - twice-born;]
(Brāhmaṇas by austerity all are accomplished, having the strength of speech always; having the strength of the arm indeed kings, those whose weapon is speech and twice-born;)
All Brāhmaṇas achieve success through austerity and always possess the power of speech; kings, on the other hand, possess the strength of the arm, while the twice-born wield speech as their weapon. (13-36-13)
प्रवसन्वाप्यधीयीत बह्वीर्दुर्वसतीर्वसन्। निर्मन्युरपि निर्मानो यतिः स्यात्समदर्शनः ॥१३-३६-१४॥
pravāsan vā api adhīyīta bahvīḥ durvasatīḥ vasan। nirmanyuḥ api nirmānaḥ yatiḥ syāt samadarśanaḥ ॥13-36-14॥
[प्रवसन् (pravāsan) - dwelling abroad; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study; बह्वीः (bahvīḥ) - many; दुर्वसतीः (durvasatīḥ) - difficult dwellings; वसन् (vasan) - living; निर्मन्युः (nirmanyuḥ) - free from anger; अपि (api) - also; निर्मानः (nirmānaḥ) - free from pride; यतिः (yatiḥ) - ascetic; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; समदर्शनः (samadarśanaḥ) - equanimous in vision;]
(Dwelling abroad or even, he should study; many difficult dwellings living; free from anger also, free from pride, the ascetic should be, equanimous in vision;)
Whether living abroad or even in many difficult places, one should study; living in such places, the ascetic should be free from anger and pride, and should maintain equanimity of vision. (13-36-14)
अपि चेज्जातिसम्पन्नः सर्वान्वेदान्पितुर्गृहे। श्लाघमान इवाधीयेद्ग्राम्य इत्येव तं विदुः ॥१३-३६-१५॥
api cej-jātisampannaḥ sarvān vedān pitur-gṛhe। ślāghamāna iva adhīyet grāmya iti eva taṃ viduḥ ॥13-36-15॥
[अपि (api) - even; also; चेत् (cet) - if; जाति (jāti) - birth; caste; सम्पन्नः (sampannaḥ) - endowed with; possessed of; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; वेदान् (vedān) - Vedas; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; श्लाघमानः (ślāghamānaḥ) - boasting; praising oneself; इव (iva) - as if; like; अधीयेत्त् (adhīyet) - should study; ग्राम्यः (grāmyaḥ) - worldly; vulgar; इति (iti) - thus; so; एव (eva) - indeed; only; तम् (tam) - him; विदुः (viduḥ) - they know;]
(Even if endowed with birth, should study all the Vedas in the father's house, boasting as if, him they know only as worldly thus.)
Even if a person of high birth studies all the Vedas in his father's house, boasting as if he is accomplished, they know him only as a worldly person. (13-36-15)
भूमिरेतौ निगिरति सर्पो बिलशयानिव। राजानं चाप्ययोद्धारं ब्राह्मणं चाप्रवासिनम् ॥१३-३६-१६॥
bhūmir etau nigirati sarpo bilaśayān iva। rājānaṃ cāpy ayoddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam ॥13-36-16॥
[भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; एतौ (etau) - these two; निगिरति (nigirati) - swallows; सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - serpent; बिलशयान् (bilaśayān) - dwelling in holes; इव (iva) - like; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अयोध्दारम् (ayoddhāram) - not a protector; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - brāhmaṇa; च (ca) - and; अप्रवासिनम् (apravāsinam) - not a wanderer;]
(Earth these two swallows; serpent dwelling in holes like; king and also not a protector; brāhmaṇa and not a wanderer.)
The earth swallows these two, just as a serpent dwelling in holes does: a king who does not protect and a brāhmaṇa who does not wander. (13-36-16)
अतिमानः श्रियं हन्ति पुरुषस्याल्पमेधसः। गर्भेण दुष्यते कन्या गृहवासेन च द्विजः ॥१३-३६-१७॥
atimānaḥ śriyaṃ hanti puruṣasyālpamedhasaḥ। garbheṇa duṣyate kanyā gṛhavāsena ca dvijaḥ ॥13-36-17॥
[अतिमानः (atimānaḥ) - excessive pride; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; हन्ति (hanti) - destroys; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man; अल्पमेधसः (alpamedhasaḥ) - of little intelligence; गर्भेण (garbheṇa) - by pregnancy; दुष्यते (duṣyate) - is corrupted; कन्या (kanyā) - a maiden; गृहवासेन (gṛhavāsena) - by household life; च (ca) - and; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born;]
(Excessive pride destroys prosperity of a man of little intelligence; by pregnancy a maiden is corrupted, and by household life a twice-born.)
Excessive pride destroys the prosperity of a man with little intelligence; a maiden is corrupted by pregnancy, and a twice-born is corrupted by household life. (13-36-17)
इत्येतन्मे पिता श्रुत्वा सोमादद्भुतदर्शनात्। ब्राह्मणान्पूजयामास तथैवाहं महाव्रतान् ॥१३-३६-१८॥
ity etan me pitā śrutvā somād adbhuta-darśanāt। brāhmaṇān pūjayām āsa tathaiva ahaṃ mahāvratān ॥13-36-18॥
[इति (iti) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; मे (me) - my; पिता (pitā) - father; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; सोमात् (somāt) - from Soma; अद्भुत (adbhuta) - wonderful; दर्शनात् (darśanāt) - from the sight; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the Brāhmaṇas; पूजयामास (pūjayām āsa) - he worshipped; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; अहम् (aham) - I; महाव्रतान् (mahāvratān) - the great vow-holders;]
(Thus this my father, having heard from Soma from the wonderful sight, worshipped the Brāhmaṇas; in the same way I (worshipped) the great vow-holders.)
Thus, when my father heard this from Soma, having witnessed the wonderful sight, he worshipped the Brāhmaṇas; in the same way, I too worshipped the great vow-holders. (13-36-18)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
श्रुत्वैतद्वचनं शक्रो दानवेन्द्रमुखाच्च्युतम्। द्विजान्सम्पूजयामास महेन्द्रत्वमवाप च ॥१३-३६-१९॥
śrutvaitadvacanaṃ śakro dānavendramukhāccyutam। dvijān sampūjayāmāsa mahendratvam avāpa ca ॥13-36-19॥
[श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; एतद् (etad) - this; वचनं (vacanam) - speech; शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra); दानवेन्द्र (dānavendra) - lord of the Dānavas; मुखात् (mukhāt) - from the mouth; च्युतम् (cyutam) - fallen; द्विजान् (dvijān) - the twice-born (Brāhmaṇas); सम्पूजयामास (sampūjayāmāsa) - honored; महेन्द्रत्वम् (mahendratvam) - the state of being Mahendra (Indra); अवाप (avāpa) - obtained; च (ca) - and;]
(Having heard this speech, Śakra, fallen from the mouth of the lord of the Dānavas, honored the twice-born and obtained the state of Mahendra (Indra) and.)
When Śakra heard these words, which had fallen from the mouth of the lord of the Dānavas, he honored the Brāhmaṇas and regained the position of Mahendra (Indra). (13-36-19)
