13.045
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
कन्यायाः प्राप्तशुल्कायाः पतिश्चेन्नास्ति कश्चन। तत्र का प्रतिपत्तिः स्यात्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१३-४५-१॥
kanyāyāḥ prāptaśulkāyāḥ patiś cenn āsti kaścana। tatra kā pratipattiḥ syāt tan me brūhi pitāmaha ॥13-45-1॥
[कन्यायाः (kanyāyāḥ) - of the maiden; प्राप्तशुल्कायाः (prāptaśulkāyāḥ) - whose bride-price has been received; पतिः (patiḥ) - husband; चेत् (cet) - if; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - exists; कश्चन (kaścana) - any; तत्र (tatra) - there; का (kā) - what; प्रतिपत्तिः (pratipattiḥ) - procedure; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - to me; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire;]
(Of the maiden whose bride-price has been received, if there is no husband, any; there what procedure should be, that to me tell, O grandsire.)
O grandsire, if there is no husband for a maiden whose bride-price has been received, what should be done in that case? Please tell me that. (13-45-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
यापुत्रकस्याप्यरिक्थस्य प्रतिपत्सा तदा भवेत्। अथ चेत्साहरेच्छुल्कं क्रीता शुल्कप्रदस्य सा। तस्यार्थेऽपत्यमीहेत येन न्यायेन शक्नुयात् ॥१३-४५-३॥
yāputrakasya apy arikthasya pratipatsā tadā bhavet। atha cet sā haret śulkaṃ krītā śulkapradasya sā। tasya arthe 'patyam īhet yena nyāyena śaknuyāt ॥13-45-3॥
[यापुत्रकस्य (yāputrakasya) - of one who has no son; अपि (api) - even; अरिक्थस्य (arikthasya) - of one who has no share in inheritance; प्रतिपत्सा (pratipatsā) - wife (to be) accepted; तदा (tadā) - then; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; अथ (atha) - but; चेत् (cet) - if; सा (sā) - she; हरेत् (haret) - takes; शुल्कं (śulkaṃ) - bride-price; क्रीता (krītā) - purchased; शुल्कप्रदस्य (śulkapradasya) - of the giver of the bride-price; सा (sā) - she; तस्यार्थे (tasya arthe) - for his sake; अपत्यं (apatyam) - offspring; ईहेत (īhet) - should desire; येन (yena) - by which; न्यायेन (nyāyena) - by law; शक्नुयात् (śaknuyāt) - may be able;]
(Of one who has no son, even of one who has no share in inheritance, the wife (to be) accepted then should be. But if she takes the bride-price, purchased, of the giver of the bride-price, she, for his sake, offspring should desire, by which law may be able.)
A woman, even if she is the wife of a man without a son or without inheritance, should be accepted as such. But if she has been purchased with a bride-price, she belongs to the giver of the bride-price; for his sake, she should desire offspring, by whatever law it may be possible. (13-45-3)
न तस्या मन्त्रवत्कार्यं कश्चित्कुर्वीत किञ्चन। स्वयं वृतेति सावित्री पित्रा वै प्रत्यपद्यत। तत्तस्यान्ये प्रशंसन्ति धर्मज्ञा नेतरे जनाः ॥१३-४५-५॥
na tasyā mantravat kāryaṃ kaścit kurvīta kiñcana। svayaṃ vṛta iti sāvitri pitrā vai pratyapadyata। tat tasyā anye praśaṃsanti dharmajñā na itare janāḥ ॥13-45-5॥
[न (na) - not; तस्या (tasyā) - her; मन्त्रवत् (mantravat) - like a mantra; कार्यं (kāryaṃ) - action; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should do; किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything; स्वयं (svayaṃ) - herself; वृता (vṛtā) - chosen; इति (iti) - thus; सावित्री (sāvitri) - Savitri; पित्रा (pitrā) - by her father; वै (vai) - indeed; प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - was accepted; तत् (tat) - that; तस्या (tasyā) - her; अन्ये (anye) - others; प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṃsanti) - praise; धर्मज्ञा (dharmajñā) - knowers of dharma; नेतरे (na itare) - not others; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]
(Not her like a mantra action anyone should do anything. Herself chosen thus Savitri by her father indeed was accepted. That her others praise knowers of dharma, not others people. (13-45-5))
No one should perform any ritualistic act for her as with a mantra. Savitri, having chosen herself, was indeed accepted by her father. That act is praised by those who know dharma, but not by other people. (13-45-5)
एतत्तु नापरे चक्रुर्न परे जातु साधवः। साधूनां पुनराचारो गरीयो धर्मलक्षणम् ॥१३-४५-६॥
etattu nāpare cakrurna pare jātu sādhavaḥ। sādhūnāṃ punarācāro garīyo dharmalakṣaṇam ॥13-45-6॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; अपरे (apare) - others; चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - did; न (na) - not; परे (pare) - the others; जातु (jātu) - ever; साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - the virtuous; साधूनां (sādhūnām) - of the virtuous; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct; गरीयः (garīyaḥ) - weightier; धर्मलक्षणम् (dharmalakṣaṇam) - the mark of dharma;]
(This but not others did, nor did the others ever, the virtuous. Of the virtuous, again, conduct is weightier, the mark of dharma. (13-45-6))
But others did not do this, nor did the other virtuous ever do so. For the virtuous, again, conduct is a weightier mark of dharma. (13-45-6)
अस्मिन्नेव प्रकरणे सुक्रतुर्वाक्यमब्रवीत्। नप्ता विदेहराजस्य जनकस्य महात्मनः ॥१३-४५-७॥
asminneva prakaraṇe sukratur vākyam abravīt। naptā videharājasya janakasya mahātmanaḥ ॥13-45-7॥
[अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रकरणे (prakaraṇe) - section; सुक्रतुः (sukratuḥ) - Sukratu (proper name); वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke; नप्ता (naptā) - grandson; विदेहराजस्य (videharājasya) - of the king of Videha; जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled;]
(In this very section, Sukratu spoke the speech. The grandson of the king of Videha, of Janaka, of the great-souled.)
In this very section, Sukratu spoke these words. He was the grandson of the king of Videha, Janaka, the great-souled one. (13-45-7)
असदाचरिते मार्गे कथं स्यादनुकीर्तनम्। अनुप्रश्नः संशयो वा सतामेतदुपालभेत् ॥१३-४५-८॥
asadācarite mārge kathaṁ syādanukīrtanam। anuprasnaḥ saṁśayo vā satāmetadupālabhet ॥13-45-8॥
[असद् (asad) - not-good; not-virtuous; आचरिते (ācarite) - practiced; conducted; मार्गे (mārge) - in the path; in the way; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; in what way; स्यात् (syāt) - could be; would be; अनुकीर्तनम् (anukīrtanam) - repetition; recounting; अनुप्रश्नः (anuprasnaḥ) - subsequent question; further inquiry; संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt; uncertainty; वा (vā) - or; सताम् (satām) - of the good; of the virtuous; एतत् (etat) - this; उपालभेत् (upālabhet) - would obtain; would find;]
(Not-good practiced in the path how could be recounting? Subsequent question, doubt or of the good this would obtain. (13-45-8))
How could there be recounting on a path practiced by the unvirtuous? Only further questioning or doubt would arise among the good regarding this. (13-45-8)
असदेव हि धर्मस्य प्रमादो धर्म आसुरः। नानुशुश्रुम जात्वेतामिमां पूर्वेषु जन्मसु ॥१३-४५-९॥
asadeva hi dharmasya pramādo dharma āsuraḥ। nānuśuśruma jātvetāmimāṃ pūrveṣu janmasu ॥13-45-9॥
[असत् (asat) - untrue; not real; एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; हि (hi) - for; indeed; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; of righteousness; प्रमादः (pramādaḥ) - negligence; carelessness; धर्म (dharma) - dharma; righteousness; आसुरः (āsuraḥ) - demonic; of asura; न (na) - not; अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard; जातु (jātu) - ever; at any time; एताम् (etām) - this (feminine accusative singular); इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine accusative singular); पूर्वेषु (pūrveṣu) - in former; in previous; जन्मसु (janmasu) - in births; in lives;]
(Untrue indeed for dharma is negligence; dharma (that is) demonic. Not have we ever heard this in previous births. (13-45-9))
Negligence is truly unworthy of dharma; such dharma is demonic. We have never heard of this in any of our previous births. (13-45-9)
भार्यापत्योर्हि सम्बन्धः स्त्रीपुंसोस्तुल्य एव सः। रतिः साधारणो धर्म इति चाह स पार्थिवः ॥१३-४५-१०॥
bhāryāpatyor hi sambandhaḥ strīpuṃsos tulya eva saḥ। ratiḥ sādhāraṇo dharma iti cāha sa pārthivaḥ ॥13-45-10॥
[भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; अपत्योः (apatyoḥ) - and offspring (children); हि (hi) - indeed; सम्बन्धः (sambandhaḥ) - connection; स्त्री (strī) - woman; पुंसोः (puṃsoḥ) - and man; तुल्य (tulya) - equal; एव (eva) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - that; रतिः (ratiḥ) - pleasure; साधारणः (sādhāraṇaḥ) - common; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; आह (āha) - said; सः (saḥ) - he; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king;]
(Wife and offspring indeed connection; woman and man equal indeed that; pleasure common duty thus and said he the king;)
The connection between wife and offspring is indeed equal for woman and man; pleasure is a common duty—thus said the king. (13-45-10)
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
अथ केन प्रमाणेन पुंसामादीयते धनम्। पुत्रवद्धि पितुस्तस्य कन्या भवितुमर्हति ॥१३-४५-११॥
atha kena pramāṇena puṁsāmādīyate dhanam। putravad dhi pitus tasya kanyā bhavitum arhati ॥13-45-11॥
[अथ (atha) - now; then; केन (kena) - by what; by which; प्रमाणेन (pramāṇena) - by measure; by authority; by proof; पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of men; of males; आदीयते (ādīyate) - is taken; is received; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; money; पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like a son; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; तस्य (tasya) - his; of him; कन्या (kanyā) - daughter; भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to become; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy; deserves;]
(Now, by what authority is wealth taken from men? Indeed, his daughter is worthy to become like a son of the father.)
Now, by what authority is wealth taken from men? Indeed, the daughter is worthy to become like a son to her father. (13-45-11)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
यथैवात्मा तथा पुत्रः पुत्रेण दुहिता समा। तस्यामात्मनि तिष्ठन्त्यां कथमन्यो धनं हरेत् ॥१३-४५-१२॥
yathaiva ātmā tathā putraḥ putreṇa duhitā samā। tasyām ātmani tiṣṭhantyām katham anyaḥ dhanaṃ haret ॥13-45-12॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; एव (eva) - indeed; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; तथा (tathā) - so; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son; दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter; समा (samā) - equal; तस्याम् (tasyām) - in her; आत्मनि (ātmani) - self; तिष्ठन्त्यां (tiṣṭhantyām) - remaining; कथम् (katham) - how; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; धनम् (dhanaṃ) - wealth; हरेत् (haret) - should take;]
(Just as indeed the self, so the son; by the son the daughter is equal; in her self remaining, how another should take wealth?)
Just as the self, so is the son; and by the son, the daughter is considered equal. While she remains in her own self, how can another take her wealth? (13-45-12)
मातुश्च यौतकं यत्स्यात्कुमारीभाग एव सः। दौहित्र एव वा रिक्थमपुत्रस्य पितुर्हरेत् ॥१३-४५-१३॥
mātuś ca yautakaṃ yat syāt kumārī-bhāga eva saḥ। dauhitra eva vā riktham-aputrasya pitur haret ॥13-45-13॥
[मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother; च (ca) - and; यौतकं (yautakam) - dowry; यत् (yat) - which; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; कुमारीभाग (kumārī-bhāga) - share of the maiden; एव (eva) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - that; दौहित्रः (dauhitraḥ) - daughter's son; एव (eva) - indeed; वा (vā) - or; रिक्थम् (riktham) - inheritance; अपुत्रस्य (aputrasya) - of the sonless (man); पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; हरेत् (haret) - should take;]
(And the dowry of the mother, whatever it may be, is indeed the share of the maiden; the daughter's son indeed or should take the inheritance of the sonless father.)
The dowry belonging to the mother, whatever it may be, is to be given to the maiden's share; and the daughter's son, or, should inherit the property of a father who has no son. (13-45-13)
ददाति हि स पिण्डं वै पितुर्मातामहस्य च। पुत्रदौहित्रयोर्नेह विशेषो धर्मतः स्मृतः ॥१३-४५-१४॥
dadāti hi sa piṇḍaṃ vai piturmātāmahasya ca। putradauhitrayorneha viśeṣo dharmataḥ smṛtaḥ ॥13-45-14॥
[ददाति (dadāti) - gives; हि (hi) - indeed; स (sa) - he; पिण्डं (piṇḍam) - offering (rice-ball); वै (vai) - truly; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; मातामहस्य (mātāmahasya) - of the maternal grandfather; च (ca) - and; पुत्रदौहित्रयोः (putradauhitrayoḥ) - of the son and the daughter's son; न (na) - not; इह (iha) - here; विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - distinction; धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - by law; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered;]
(He indeed gives the offering truly to the father and the maternal grandfather; of the son and the daughter's son here, no distinction by law is considered.)
He indeed offers the rice-ball to both the father and the maternal grandfather; between the son and the daughter's son, no distinction is recognized here by law. (13-45-14)
अन्यत्र जातया सा हि प्रजया पुत्र ईहते। दुहितान्यत्र जातेन पुत्रेणापि विशिष्यते ॥१३-४५-१५॥
anyatra jātayā sā hi prajayā putra īhate। duhitānyatra jātena putreṇāpi viśiṣyate ॥13-45-15॥
[अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; जातया (jātayā) - by one who is born; सा (sā) - she; हि (hi) - indeed; प्रजया (prajayā) - by offspring; पुत्र (putra) - son; ईहते (īhate) - is desired; दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; जातेन (jātena) - by one who is born; पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by son; अपि (api) - also; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - is excelled;]
(Elsewhere by one who is born, she indeed by offspring, the son is desired. The daughter elsewhere by one who is born, by the son also is excelled.)
Elsewhere, a woman who has given birth is indeed sought after for offspring, and a son is desired. But a daughter, when born elsewhere, even surpasses a son. (13-45-15)
दौहित्रकेण धर्मेण नात्र पश्यामि कारणम्। विक्रीतासु च ये पुत्रा भवन्ति पितुरेव ते ॥१३-४५-१६॥
dauhitrakeṇa dharmeṇa nātra paśyāmi kāraṇam। vikrītāsu ca ye putrā bhavanti pitureva te ॥13-45-16॥
[दौहित्रकेण (dauhitrakeṇa) - by the daughter's son; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by law; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason; विक्रीतासु (vikrītāsu) - when sold; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who; पुत्रा (putrā) - sons; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; एव (eva) - indeed; ते (te) - they;]
(By the daughter's son, by law, not here I see reason. When sold and who sons become, of the father indeed they.)
By law, I do not see any reason here for the daughter's son. Even when sons are sold, they indeed belong to the father. (13-45-16)
असूयवस्त्वधर्मिष्ठाः परस्वादायिनः शठाः। आसुरादधिसम्भूता धर्माद्विषमवृत्तयः ॥१३-४५-१७॥
asūyavas tv adharmaiṣṭhāḥ parasvādāyinaḥ śaṭhāḥ। āsurād adhi sambhūtā dharmādviṣamavṛttayaḥ ॥13-45-17॥
[असूयवः (asūyavaḥ) - those who are envious; तु (tu) - but; अधर्मिष्ठाः (adharmaiṣṭhāḥ) - devoted to unrighteousness; परस्वादायिनः (parasvādāyinaḥ) - appropriating others' wealth; शठाः (śaṭhāḥ) - deceitful; आसुरात् (āsurāt) - from asuric (demonic); अधि (adhi) - especially; सम्भूताः (sambhūtāḥ) - born; धर्माद्विषमवृत्तयः (dharmādviṣamavṛttayaḥ) - having conduct hostile to dharma;]
(Those who are envious but devoted to unrighteousness, appropriating others' wealth, deceitful, born especially from asuric (demonic), having conduct hostile to dharma.)
But those who are envious, devoted to unrighteousness, who seize others' wealth, who are deceitful, born especially from demonic nature, and whose conduct is hostile to dharma, (13-45-17)
अत्र गाथा यमोद्गीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः। धर्मज्ञा धर्मशास्त्रेषु निबद्धा धर्मसेतुषु ॥१३-४५-१८॥
atra gāthā yamodgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ। dharmajñā dharmaśāstreṣu nibaddhā dharmasetuṣu ॥13-45-18॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; गाथा (gāthā) - verses; यमोद्गीताः (yamodgītāḥ) - sung by Yama; कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - recite; पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - knowers of ancient times; धर्मज्ञा (dharmajñā) - knowers of dharma; धर्मशास्त्रेषु (dharmaśāstreṣu) - in the treatises on dharma; निबद्धा (nibaddhā) - bound; धर्मसेतुषु (dharmasetuṣu) - in the bridges of dharma;]
(Here, verses sung by Yama are recited by knowers of ancient times; knowers of dharma, bound in the treatises on dharma, in the bridges of dharma. (13-45-18))
Here, the verses sung by Yama are recited by those who know the ancient traditions; the knowers of dharma, established in the treatises and foundations of dharma. (13-45-18)
यो मनुष्यः स्वकं पुत्रं विक्रीय धनमिच्छति। कन्यां वा जीवितार्थाय यः शुल्केन प्रयच्छति ॥१३-४५-१९॥
yo manuṣyaḥ svakaṃ putraṃ vikrīya dhanam icchati। kanyāṃ vā jīvitārthāya yaḥ śulkena prayacchati ॥13-45-19॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - man; स्वकं (svakam) - his own; पुत्रं (putram) - son; विक्रिय (vikrīya) - having sold; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; इच्छति (icchati) - desires; कन्यां (kanyām) - daughter; वा (vā) - or; जीवितार्थाय (jīvitārthāya) - for the sake of life; यः (yaḥ) - who; शुल्केन (śulkena) - with a fee; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives;]
(Whoever man, having sold his own son, desires wealth, or who gives his daughter for the sake of life with a fee.)
Whoever is a man that, having sold his own son, seeks wealth, or who gives his daughter away for a fee for the sake of his life, (13-45-19)
सप्तावरे महाघोरे निरये कालसाह्वये। स्वेदं मूत्रं पुरीषं च तस्मिन्प्रेत उपाश्नुते ॥१३-४५-२०॥
saptāvare mahāghore niraye kālasāhvaye। svedaṃ mūtraṃ purīṣaṃ ca tasmin preta upāśnute ॥13-45-20॥
[सप्तावरे (saptāvare) - in the sevenfold; महाघोरे (mahāghore) - very terrible; निरये (niraye) - in hell; कालसाह्वये (kālasāhvaye) - called Kāla; स्वेदं (svedaṃ) - sweat; मूत्रं (mūtraṃ) - urine; पुरीषं (purīṣaṃ) - excrement; च (ca) - and; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; प्रेत (preta) - the departed; उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - consumes;]
(In the sevenfold, very terrible hell called Kāla, the departed consumes sweat, urine, and excrement in that.)
In the sevenfold, extremely dreadful hell known as Kāla, the departed soul is made to consume sweat, urine, and excrement there. (13-45-20)
आर्षे गोमिथुनं शुल्कं केचिदाहुर्मृषैव तत्। अल्पं वा बहु वा राजन्विक्रयस्तावदेव सः ॥१३-४५-२१॥
ārṣe gomithunaṃ śulkaṃ kecid āhur mṛṣaiva tat। alpaṃ vā bahu vā rājan vikrayaḥ tāvad eva saḥ ॥13-45-21॥
[आर्षे (ārṣe) - in the āṛṣa (marriage); गोमिथुनं (gomithunaṃ) - a pair of cows; शुल्कं (śulkaṃ) - bride-price; केचित् (kecit) - some; आहुः (āhuḥ) - say; मृषा (mṛṣā) - falsely; एव (eva) - indeed; तत् (tat) - that; अल्पं (alpaṃ) - little; वा (vā) - or; बहु (bahu) - much; वा (vā) - or; राजन् (rājan) - O king; विक्रयः (vikrayaḥ) - sale; तावत् (tāvat) - just so much; एव (eva) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - that;]
(In the āṛṣa (marriage), a pair of cows is the bride-price; some say that is indeed false; little or much, O king, the sale is just so much that.)
In the āṛṣa marriage, the bride-price is a pair of cows; some say this is entirely false. Whether it is little or much, O king, it is still a sale. (13-45-21)
यद्यप्याचरितः कैश्चिन्नैष धर्मः कथञ्चन। अन्येषामपि दृश्यन्ते लोभतः सम्प्रवृत्तयः ॥१३-४५-२२॥
yadyapyācaritaḥ kaiścin naiṣa dharmaḥ kathaṃcana। anyeṣām api dṛśyante lobhataḥ sampravṛttayaḥ ॥13-45-22॥
[यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even if; आचरितः (ācaritaḥ) - practiced; कैश्चित् (kaiścit) - by some; न (na) - not; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; कथञ्चन (kathaṃcana) - in any way; अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others; अपि (api) - also; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; लोभतः (lobhataḥ) - from greed; सम्प्रवृत्तयः (sampravṛttayaḥ) - engagements;]
(Even if practiced by some, this duty is not in any way; also, of others, engagements from greed are seen.)
Even though this duty may be practiced by some, it is in no way proper; for among others too, actions arising from greed are observed. (13-45-22)
वश्यां कुमारीं विहितां ये च तामुपभुञ्जते। एते पापस्य कर्तारस्तमस्यन्धेऽथ शेरते ॥१३-४५-२३॥
vaśyāṃ kumārīṃ vihitāṃ ye ca tām-upabhuñjate। ete pāpasya kartāras tamasy-andhe'tha śerate ॥13-45-23॥
[वश्याम् (vaśyām) - subdued; under control; कुमारीम् (kumārīm) - maiden; virgin girl; विहिताम् (vihitām) - appointed; assigned; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; ताम् (tām) - her; उपभुञ्जते (upabhuñjate) - enjoy; have intercourse with; एते (ete) - these; पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin; कर्तारः (kartāraḥ) - doers; perpetrators; तमस्य (tamasya) - of darkness; अन्धे (andhe) - blind; darkness; अथ (atha) - then; afterwards; शेरते (śerate) - lie; dwell;]
(Those who enjoy a subdued maiden appointed (for another), these are the doers of sin; then they dwell in the blind darkness.)
Those who have intercourse with a subdued maiden who has been assigned (to another), these are the perpetrators of sin; afterwards, they dwell in utter darkness. (13-45-23)
अन्योऽप्यथ न विक्रेयो मनुष्यः किं पुनः प्रजाः। अधर्ममूलैर्हि धनैर्न तैरर्थोऽस्ति कश्चन ॥१३-४५-२४॥
anyo'pyatha na vikreyo manuṣyaḥ kiṃ punaḥ prajāḥ। adharmamūlairhi dhanairna tairartho'sti kaścana॥13-45-24॥
[अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; अपि (api) - also; अथ (atha) - then; न (na) - not; विक्रेयः (vikreyaḥ) - should be sold; मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - human being; किम् (kim) - what; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; अधर्ममूलैः (adharmamūlaiḥ) - with roots in unrighteousness; हि (hi) - indeed; धनैः (dhanair) - with wealth; न (na) - not; तैः (taiḥ) - with those; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose; अस्ति (asti) - exists; कश्चन (kaścana) - any;]
(Another also then not should be sold human being; what again subjects? With wealth whose roots are in unrighteousness indeed, not with those any purpose exists.)
Even another human being should not be sold, so what to say of the subjects? Indeed, with wealth rooted in unrighteousness, there is no real purpose achieved by them. (13-45-24)
