13.057
yama-niyama-phalāni
The results of restraint and observance;
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
Yudhishthira said.
muhyāmīva niśamyādya cintayānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ। hīnāṃ pārthivasaṅghātaiḥ śrīmadbhiḥ pṛthivīmimām॥13-57-1॥
Hearing today and reflecting again and again, I feel as if bewildered by this earth now deprived of her prosperous gatherings of kings. (13-57-1)
prāpya rājyāni śataśo mahīṃ jitvāpi bhārata। koṭiśaḥ puruṣānhatvā paritapye pitāmaha ॥13-57-2॥
O Bhārata, though I have obtained hundreds of kingdoms, conquered the earth, and slain millions of men, I grieve, O grandsire. (13-57-2)
kā nu tāsāṃ varastrīṇām avasthā adya bhaviṣyati. yā hīnāḥ patibhiḥ putraiḥ mātulaiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ tathā ॥13-57-3॥
What indeed will become of those noble women today, who are now bereft of husbands, sons, maternal uncles, and brothers? (13-57-3)
vayaṁ hi tān gurūn hatvā jñātīṁś ca suhṛdo 'pi ca। avākśīrṣāḥ patiṣyāmo narake nātra saṁśayaḥ॥13-57-4॥
Indeed, if we kill those elders, kinsmen, and also friends, we shall fall headlong into hell; there is no doubt about this. (13-57-4)
śarīraṃ yoktum icchāmi tapasograṇā bhārata। upadiṣṭam ihecchāmi tattvato'haṃ viśāṃ pate ॥13-57-5॥
O Bhārata, I desire to unite the body by severe austerity. Here, I desire to be instructed in reality, O lord of men. (13-57-5)
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said.
yudhiṣṭhirasya tadvākyaṃ śrutvā bhīṣmo mahāmanāḥ। parīkṣya nipuṇaṃ buddhyā yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata ॥13-57-6॥
Hearing Yudhiṣṭhira's speech, Bhīṣma, the great-minded, carefully considered Yudhiṣṭhira's words with skill and then spoke. (13-57-6)
rahasyam adbhutaṃ caiva śṛṇu vakṣyāmi yat tvayi। yā gatiḥ prāpyate yena pretyabhāveṣu bhārata ॥13-57-7॥
O Bhārata, hear the secret and wondrous teaching I shall now reveal to you—what that state is which is attained after death, and by which (means one attains it). (13-57-7)
tapasā prāpyate svargastapasā prāpyate yaśaḥ। āyuḥ-prakarṣo bhogāś ca labhyante tapasā vibho॥13-57-8॥
Heaven is attained by austerity; fame is likewise attained by austerity. Increase of lifespan and enjoyments are also obtained by austerity, O mighty one. (13-57-8)
jñānaṁ vijñānam ārogyaṁ rūpaṁ sampattathaiva ca। saubhāgyaṁ caiva tapasā prāpyate bharatarṣabha ॥13-57-9॥
O best of the Bharatas, knowledge, discernment, health, beauty, prosperity, and even good fortune are obtained through austerity. (13-57-9)
dhanaṁ prāpnoti tapasā maunaṁ jñānaṁ prayacchati। upabhogāṁs tu dānena brahmacaryeṇa jīvitam ॥13-57-10॥
Wealth is attained through austerity, silence gives knowledge. Enjoyments come through charity, and life through celibacy. (13-57-10)
ahiṁsāyāḥ phalaṁ rūpaṁ dīkṣāyā janma vai kule। phalamūlāśināṁ rājyaṁ svargaḥ parṇāśināṁ bhavet ॥13-57-11॥
The fruit of non-violence is beauty of form; the result of initiation is birth in a noble family. Those who subsist on fruits and roots attain kingdom, but those who subsist on leaves attain heaven. (13-57-11)
payobhakṣo divaṃ yāti snānena draviṇādhikaḥ। guruśuśrūṣayā vidyā nityaśrāddhena santatiḥ॥13-57-12॥
He who partakes of milk attains heaven; through bathing comes wealth; through service to the teacher comes knowledge; through daily śrāddha comes progeny. (13-57-12)
gavāḍhyaḥ śākadīkṣābhiḥ svargam āhus tṛṇāśanāt। striyas triṣavaṇasnānād vāyuṃ pītvā kratuṃ labheta ॥13-57-13॥
They say that one who possesses cattle attains heaven by undertaking vows that involve eating vegetables, rather than by eating grass; women, by bathing at the three sacred times of the day and subsisting on air, may attain the merit of a sacrifice. (13-57-13)
nityasnāpī bhaveddakṣaḥ sandhye tu dve japandvijaḥ| maruṃ sādhayato rājyaṃ nākapṛṣṭham anāśake ॥13-57-14॥
One who bathes daily should be skilful; but a twice-born reciting at the two twilights attains, while successfully accomplishing Maru, both kingship and the highest heaven which is imperishable. (13-57-14)
sthaṇḍile śayamānānāṃ gṛhāṇi śayanāni ca। cīravalkalavāsobhirvāsāṃsyābharaṇāni ca ॥13-57-15॥
For those who lie on the bare ground, their dwellings and beds are with bark and skin garments, their clothes and ornaments likewise. (13-57-15)
śayyāsanāni yānāni yogayukte tapodhanē। agnipravēśē niyataṃ brahmalōkō vidhīyatē ॥13-57-16॥
Beds, seats, vehicles, for the ascetic endowed with yoga and austerity, at the entering into fire, surely the Brahma-world is ordained. (13-57-16)
rasānāṃ pratisaṃhārātsaubhāgyamiha vindati. āmiṣapratisaṃhārātprajāsyāyuṣmatī bhavet ॥13-57-17॥
By refraining from enjoyable objects, one obtains good fortune here. By refraining from meat, his offspring may become long-lived. (13-57-17)
udavāsaṃ vased yastu sa narādhipatir bhavet। satyavādī naraśreṣṭha daivataiḥ saha modate॥ 13-57-18॥
He who dwells as a temporary resident truly becomes a king; the one who speaks the truth, O best among men, rejoices along with the gods. (13-57-18)
kīrtir bhavati dānena tathā arogyam ahiṁsayā। dvijaśuśrūṣayā rājyaṁ dvijatvaṁ vā api puṣkalam ॥13-57-19॥
Fame comes by generosity, and health through non-violence; by serving the twice-born, one may gain a kingdom or abundant twice-born status. (13-57-19)
pānīyasya pradānena kīrtir bhavati śāśvatī. annapānapradānena tṛpyate kāmabhogataḥ ॥13-57-20॥
By giving water, one attains eternal fame; by giving food and drink, one is satisfied through enjoyment of desires. (13-57-20)
sāntvadaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ sarvaśokairvimucyate। devaśuśrūṣayā rājyaṃ divyaṃ rūpaṃ niyacchati॥13-57-21॥
He who consoles all beings is freed from every sorrow; by serving the gods, he attains a divine kingdom and form. (13-57-21)
dīpālokapradānena cakṣuṣmānbhavate naraḥ। prekṣaṇīyapradānena smṛtiṁ medhāṁ ca vindati ॥13-57-22॥
When a man donates the light of a lamp, he gains eyesight; by offering objects worthy of seeing, he attains both memory and intelligence. (13-57-22)
gandhamālyanivṛttyā tu kīrtir bhavati puṣkalā। keśaśmaśrūndhārayatām agryā bhavati santatiḥ॥13-57-23॥
But by abstaining from perfumes and garlands, abundant fame is obtained; for those who let their hair and beard grow, excellent progeny is produced. (13-57-23)
upavāsaṁ ca dīkṣāṁ ca abhiṣekaṁ ca pārthiva। kṛtvā dvādaśa varṣāṇi vīrasthānād viśiṣyate ॥13-57-24॥
O king, one who has undertaken fasting, consecration, and anointing for twelve years becomes distinguished from the class of heroes. (13-57-24)
dāsīdāsamalaṅkārān kṣetrāṇi ca gṛhāṇi ca. brahmadeyāṃ sutāṃ dattvā prāpnoti manujarṣabha ॥13-57-25॥
O best of men, one who gives maid-servants, servants, ornaments, fields, and houses, and having given a daughter as a brahmadeya, obtains (the stated reward). (13-57-25)
kratu-bhiś ca upavāsaiś ca tridivaṁ yāti bhārata। labhate ca ciraṁ sthānaṁ bali-puṣpa-prado naraḥ ॥13-57-26॥
O Bhārata, by sacrifices and by fastings one goes to heaven. And the man who gives offerings and flowers also attains a long-lasting abode. (13-57-26)
suvarṇaśṛṅgais tu vibhūṣitānāṃ; gavāṃ sahasrasya naraḥ pradātā। prāpnoti puṇyaṃ divi devaloka; mity evam āhur munidevasaṅghāḥ ॥13-57-27॥
The man who gives a thousand cows adorned with golden horns obtains merit in heaven, the world of the gods; thus, so say the assemblies of sages and gods. (13-57-27)
prayacchate yaḥ kapilāṁ sacailāṁ; kāṁsyopadohāṁ kanakāgraśṛṅgīm। taistairguṇaiḥ kāmadughāsyā bhūtvā; naraṁ pradātāramupaiti sā gauḥ ॥13-57-28॥
That cow, which is tawny, covered with cloth, has a bronze milking vessel and golden-tipped horns, possessing all these qualities, becomes a wish-fulfiller and comes to the man who gives her. (13-57-28)
yāvanti lomāni bhavanti dhenvā; stāvatphalaṃ prāpnute gopradātā. putrāṃś ca pautrāṃś ca kulaṃ ca sarva; māsaptamaṃ tārayate paratra ॥13-57-29॥
The giver of a cow receives as much merit as there are hairs on the cow, and delivers his sons, grandsons, and entire family in the hereafter for seven months. (13-57-29)
sadakṣiṇāṃ kāñcanacāruśṛṅgīṃ; kāṃsyopadohāṃ draviṇottarīyām। dhenuṃ tilānāṃ dadato dvijāya; lokā vasūnāṃ sulabhā bhavanti ॥13-57-30॥
To one who gives a cow, equipped with due dakṣiṇā, beautiful golden horns, a bronze milking vessel, and an upper garment of wealth, along with sesame seeds, to a twice-born, the worlds of the Vasus become easily attainable. (13-57-30)
svakarmabhir mānavaṃ saṃnibaddhaṃ; tīvra-andhakāre narake patantam। mahārṇave nau iva vāyu-yuktā; dānaṃ gavāṃ tārayate paratra ॥13-57-31॥
Bound by his own actions, the man who is falling into hell's intense darkness is saved in the next world by the gift of cows, just as a boat endowed with wind is saved in the great ocean. (13-57-31)
yo brahmadeyāṁ tu dadāti kanyāṁ; bhūmipradānaṁ ca karoti vipre. dadāti cānnaṁ vidhivacca yaśca; sa lokam āpnoti purandarasya ॥13-57-32॥
He who gives brahmadeya land, gives a maiden in marriage, gifts land to a brāhmaṇa, and gives food according to prescribed rules, attains the world of Purandara (Indra). (13-57-32)
naiveśikaṁ sarvaguṇopapannaṁ; dadāti vai yastu naro dvijāya. svādhyāyacāritraguṇānvitāya; tasyāpi lokāḥ kuruṣūttareṣu ॥13-57-33॥
Whoever gives ritual food possessed of all virtues to a twice-born person endowed with the virtues of self-study and good conduct, even he attains the highest worlds among the Kurus. (13-57-33)
dhuryapradānena gavāṃ tathāśvaiḥ; lokān avāpnoti naro vasūnām. svargāya ca āhuḥ hi hiraṇyadānaṃ; tato viśiṣṭaṃ kanakapradānam ॥13-57-34॥
By giving beasts of burden, cows, and horses, a man attains the worlds of riches. For attaining heaven, they say the gift of gold is prescribed; but superior to that is the gift of precious gold. (13-57-34)
chatrapradānena gṛhaṃ variṣṭhaṃ; yānaṃ tathopānahasampradāne. vastrapradānena phalaṃ surūpaṃ; gandhapradāne surabhir naraḥ syāt ॥13-57-35॥
By giving an umbrella, one attains an excellent dwelling; by giving shoes, a vehicle likewise; by giving cloth, one attains beautiful rewards; by giving fragrance, a person becomes fragrant. (13-57-35)
puṣpopagaṁ vātha phalopagaṁ vā; yaḥ pādapaṁ sparśayate dvijāya. sa strīsamṛddhaṁ bahuratnapūrṇaṁ; labhatyayatnopagataṁ gṛhaṁ vai ॥13-57-36॥
Whoever touches a tree bearing flowers or fruits for a Brāhmaṇa, he truly obtains a house filled with many gems and women, which comes effortlessly. (13-57-36)
bhakṣānnapānīyarasapradātā; sarvān avāpnoti rasān prakāmam। pratiśrayācchādanasampradātā; prāpnoti tān eva na saṁśayo'tra ॥13-57-37॥
One who gives food, cooked rice, water, and juices attains all kinds of tastes as desired. The one who provides shelter and clothing likewise receives such benefits; there is no doubt about this. (13-57-37)
sragdhūpagandhānyanulepanāni; snānāni mālyāni ca mānavo yaḥ। dadyāddvijebhyaḥ sa bhavedaroga; stathābhirūpaśca narendraloke ॥13-57-38॥
Whoever gives garlands, incense, scents, ointments, baths, and wreaths to the twice-born, that person becomes free from disease and also handsome in the world of kings. (13-57-38)
bījair aśūnyaṃ śayanair upetaṃ; dadyād gṛhaṃ yaḥ puruṣo dvijāya. puṇyābhirāmaṃ bahuratnapūrṇaṃ; labhaty adhiṣṭhānavaraṃ sa rājan ॥13-57-39॥
O king, a man who gives to a brāhmaṇa a house furnished with beds and seeds, delightful and filled with many gems, attains an excellent abode. (13-57-39)
sugandhacitrastr̥aṇopapannaṃ; dadyān naro yaḥ śayanaṃ dvijāya। rūpānvitāṃ pakṣavatīṃ manojñāṃ; bhāryāmayatnopagatāṃ labhetsaḥ॥13-57-40॥
He who gives to a Brahmin a bed furnished with fragrant and beautiful bedding will obtain a delightful, beautiful, splendid wife, effortlessly gained. (13-57-40)
pitāmahasyānucaro vīraśāyī bhaven naraḥ। nādhikaṃ vidyate tasmād ity āhuḥ paramarṣayaḥ॥13-57-41॥
A man who serves as attendant to the Grandfather and dies a hero's death in battle can attain that state; nothing is greater than that, say the supreme sages. (13-57-41)
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said.
tasya tadvacanaṃ śrutvā prītātmā kurunandanaḥ। nāśrame'rocayadvāsaṃ vīramārgābhikāṅkṣayā॥13-57-42॥
Having heard those words of his, the delighted son of the Kurus no longer found dwelling in the hermitage pleasing, desiring instead the warrior's path. (13-57-42)
tato yudhiṣṭhiraḥ prāha pāṇḍavān bharatarṣabha। pitāmahasya yad vākyaṃ tad vo rocatv iti prabhuḥ ॥13-57-43॥
Then Yudhiṣṭhira said to the Pāṇḍavas, O best of the Bharatas: "Let that statement of the grandsire be agreeable to you," said the lord. (13-57-43)
tatastu pāṇḍavāḥ sarve draupadī ca yaśasvinī। yudhiṣṭhirasya tadvākyaṃ bāḍhamityabhyapūjayan ॥13-57-44॥
Then, all the Pāṇḍavas along with the illustrious Draupadī honored Yudhiṣṭhira's words, saying "certainly". (13-57-44)
