13.097
छत्रोपानहोत्पत्तिः
The origin of umbrellas and shoes.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
Yudhishthira said.
यदिदं श्राद्धधर्मेषु दीयते भरतर्षभ। छत्रं चोपानहौ चैव केनैतत्सम्प्रवर्तितम् ॥ कथं चैतत्समुत्पन्नं किमर्थं च प्रदीयते ॥१३-९७-१॥
O bull of the Bharatas, in these ancestor-rites, which umbrella and shoes indeed are given—by whom was this established? How did this originate, and for what purpose is it given? (13-97-1)
न केवलं श्राद्धधर्मे पुण्यकेष्वपि दीयते। एतद्विस्तरतो राजञ्श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥१३-९७-२॥
Not only in the ritual of śrāddha but also in other meritorious acts is this given. O king, I wish to hear this in detail and in truth. (13-97-2)
भीष्म उवाच॥
Bhishma said.
शृणु राजन्नवहितश्छत्रोपानहविस्तरम्। यथैतत्प्रथितं लोके येन चैतत्प्रवर्तितम् ॥१३-९७-३॥
O king, listen attentively to the account of the umbrella, shoes, and seat—how this has become renowned in the world and by whom it was established. (13-97-3)
यथा चाक्षय्यतां प्राप्तं पुण्यतां च यथा गतम्। सर्वमेतदशेषेण प्रवक्ष्यामि जनाधिप ॥१३-९७-४॥
O king, I shall now fully explain to you how things have attained imperishability and merit, and how all this has come to pass. (13-97-4)
इतिहासं पुरावृत्तमिमं शृणु नराधिप। जमदग्नेश्च संवादं सूर्यस्य च महात्मनः ॥१३-९७-५॥
O king, listen to this history, an ancient event, the conversation between Jamadagni and the great-souled Sūrya. (13-97-5)
पुरा स भगवान्साक्षाद्धनुषाक्रीडत प्रभो। सन्धाय सन्धाय शरांश्चिक्षेप किल भार्गवः ॥१३-९७-६॥
O lord, formerly, that blessed Bhārgava (Paraśurāma), directly played with a bow and indeed, again and again, having fastened arrows, shot them. (13-97-6)
तान्क्षिप्तान्रेणुका सर्वांस्तस्येषून्दीप्ततेजसः। आनाय्य सा तदा तस्मै प्रादादसकृदच्युत ॥१३-९७-७॥
O Acyuta, Reṇukā, having gathered all of his blazing arrows that were thrown, then repeatedly gave them to him. (13-97-7)
अथ तेन स शब्देन ज्यातलस्य शरस्य च। प्रहृष्टः सम्प्रचिक्षेप सा च प्रत्याजहार तान् ॥१३-९७-८॥
Then, delighted by the sound of the bowstring and the arrow, he discharged them; and she also withdrew them. (13-97-8)
ततो मध्याह्नमारूढे ज्येष्ठामूले दिवाकरे। स सायकान्द्विजो विद्ध्वा रेणुकामिदमब्रवीत् ॥१३-९७-९॥
Then, when the sun had reached midday at the root of Jyeṣṭhā, he, the Brahmin, having shot Reṇukā with arrows, said this. (13-97-9)
गच्छानय विशालाक्षि शरानेतान्धनुश्च्युतान्। यावदेतान्पुनः सुभ्रु क्षिपामीति जनाधिप ॥१३-९७-१०॥
The lord of men said: "Go, O wide-eyed one, and bring these arrows fallen from the bow; until then, O beautiful-browed one, I will cast these again." (13-97-10)
सा गच्छत्यन्तरा छायां वृक्षमाश्रित्य भामिनी। तस्थौ तस्या हि सन्तप्तं शिरः पादौ तथैव च ॥१३-९७-११॥
She, the beautiful lady, went between the shade, having taken shelter under a tree. She stood there; indeed, her head and her feet were both equally scorched. (13-97-11)
स्थिता सा तु मुहूर्तं वै भर्तुः शापभयाच्छुभा। ययावानयितुं भूयः सायकानसितेक्षणा ॥ प्रत्याजगाम च शरांस्तानादाय यशस्विनी ॥१३-९७-१२॥
But she, out of fear of her husband's curse, remained for a moment; then the auspicious, dark-eyed lady went again to fetch the arrows. Having taken those arrows, the illustrious one returned. (13-97-12)
सा प्रस्विन्ना सुचार्वङ्गी पद्भ्यां दुःखं नियच्छती। उपाजगाम भर्तारं भयाद्भर्तुः प्रवेपती ॥१३-९७-१३॥
She, perspiring and of beautiful limbs, enduring pain in her feet, approached her husband, trembling from fear of him. (13-97-13)
स तामृषिस्ततः क्रुद्धो वाक्यमाह शुभाननाम्। रेणुके किं चिरेण त्वमागतेति पुनः पुनः ॥१३-९७-१४॥
Thereupon, the sage, angered, spoke to her of auspicious name: "O Reṇukā, why have you come after so long?"—thus, again and again. (13-97-14)
रेणुकोवाच॥
Reṇukā said.
शिरस्तावत्प्रदीप्तं मे पादौ चैव तपोधन। सूर्यतेजोनिरुद्धाहं वृक्षच्छायामुपाश्रिता ॥१३-९७-१५॥
O ascetic, my head is burning, and my feet as well; being checked by the sun's radiance, I have taken refuge in the shade of a tree. (13-97-15)
एतस्मात्कारणाद्ब्रह्मंश्चिरमेतत्कृतं मया। एतज्ज्ञात्वा मम विभो मा क्रुधस्त्वं तपोधन ॥१३-९७-१६॥
O Brahman, for this reason, I have done this for a long time. Having understood this, O Lord, do not be angry with me, O ascetic. (13-97-16)
जमदग्निरुवाच॥
Jamadagni said.
अद्यैनं दीप्तकिरणं रेणुके तव दुःखदम्। शरैर्निपातयिष्यामि सूर्यमस्त्राग्नितेजसा ॥१३-९७-१७॥
O Reṇukā, today I will bring down the Sun with arrows, whose brilliant rays are the cause of your sorrow, using the power of weapons and fire. (13-97-17)
भीष्म उवाच॥
Bhīṣma said.
स विस्फार्य धनुर्दिव्यं गृहीत्वा च बहूञ्शरान्। अतिष्ठत्सूर्यमभितो यतो याति ततोमुखः ॥१३-९७-१८॥
He stretched his divine bow, took many arrows, and stood facing towards the direction of the sun's movement. (13-97-18)
अथ तं प्रहरिष्यन्तं सूर्योऽभ्येत्य वचोऽब्रवीत्। द्विजरूपेण कौन्तेय किं ते सूर्योऽपराध्यते ॥१३-९७-१९॥
Then, as he was about to strike, the Sun approached and spoke: 'In the form of a brāhmaṇa, O son of Kunti, why has the Sun been wronged by you?' (13-97-19)
आदत्ते रश्मिभिः सूर्यो दिवि विद्वंस्ततस्ततः। रसं स तं वै वर्षासु प्रवर्षति दिवाकरः ॥१३-९७-२०॥
The Sun, knowing, takes in the essence from various places in the sky with his rays; he indeed pours out that essence during the rainy season (13-97-20).
ततोऽन्नं जायते विप्र मनुष्याणां सुखावहम्। अन्नं प्राणा इति यथा वेदेषु परिपठ्यते ॥१३-९७-२१॥
From that, O wise one, food arises for men, bringing happiness. Food and vital breaths—so it is extensively proclaimed in the Vedas. (13-97-21)
अथाभ्रेषु निगूढश्च रश्मिभिः परिवारितः। सप्त द्वीपानिमान्ब्रह्मन्वर्षेणाभिप्रवर्षति ॥१३-९७-२२॥
Then, hidden in the clouds and surrounded by rays, he showers rain upon these seven islands, O Brahman. (13-97-22)
ततस्तदौषधीनां च वीरुधां पत्रपुष्पजम्। सर्वं वर्षाभिनिर्वृत्तमन्नं सम्भवति प्रभो ॥१३-९७-२३॥
Then, O lord, all the food born from the leaves and flowers of herbs and creepers arises after the rains. (13-97-23)
जातकर्माणि सर्वाणि व्रतोपनयनानि च। गोदानानि विवाहाश्च तथा यज्ञसमृद्धयः ॥१३-९७-२४॥
All birth rites, initiation rituals and vows, gifts of cows, marriages, and also the prosperities of sacrifices. (13-97-24)
सत्राणि दानानि तथा संयोगा वित्तसञ्चयाः। अन्नतः सम्प्रवर्तन्ते यथा त्वं वेत्थ भार्गव ॥१३-९७-२५॥
O Bhārgava, as you know, sacrificial sessions, gifts, all gatherings, and accumulations of wealth arise from food. (13-97-25)
रमणीयानि यावन्ति यावदारम्भकाणि च। सर्वमन्नात्प्रभवति विदितं कीर्तयामि ते ॥१३-९७-२६॥
All pleasant things and all beginnings proceed from food; having realized this, I declare it to you. (13-97-26)
सर्वं हि वेत्थ विप्र त्वं यदेतत्कीर्तितं मया। प्रसादये त्वा विप्रर्षे किं ते सूर्यो निपात्यते ॥१३-९७-२७॥
You, O brāhmaṇa, truly know all that I have recounted. I respectfully ask you, O brāhmaṇa-sage, why is the sun brought down for your sake? (13-97-27)
