13.130
उमोवाच॥
Umā said.
देशेषु रमणीयेषु गिरीणां निर्झरेषु च। स्रवन्तीनां च कुञ्जेषु पर्वतोपवनेषु च ॥१३-१३०-१॥
In the beautiful regions, at the waterfalls of the mountains, among the streams, in the bowers, and in the mountain groves. (13-130-1)
देशेषु च विचित्रेषु फलवत्सु समाहिताः। मूलवत्सु च देशेषु वसन्ति नियतव्रताः ॥१३-१३०-२॥
Those with fixed vows, concentrated, dwell in lands that are various and fruitful, and in lands with roots. (13-130-2)
तेषामपि विधिं पुण्यं श्रोतुमिच्छामि शङ्कर। वानप्रस्थेषु देवेश स्वशरीरोपजीविषु ॥१३-१३०-३॥
O Śaṅkara, I also wish to hear about the virtuous procedure of those vānaprasthas, O lord of the gods, who sustain themselves by their own labor. (13-130-3)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
The great lord said.
वानप्रस्थेषु यो धर्मस्तं मे शृणु समाहिता। श्रुत्वा चैकमना देवि धर्मबुद्धिपरा भव ॥१३-१३०-४॥
Hear from me attentively the duty among forest-dwellers. Having heard, O goddess, be intent on understanding dharma with one-pointed mind. (13-130-4)
संसिद्धैर्नियतैः सद्भिर्वनवासमुपागतैः। वानप्रस्थैरिदं कर्म कर्तव्यं शृणु यादृशम् ॥१३-१३०-५॥
Listen to the kind of action that must be performed by perfected, self-controlled, virtuous forest-dwellers who have come to live in the forest. (13-130-5)
त्रिकालमभिषेकार्थः पितृदेवार्चनं क्रिया। अग्निहोत्रपरिस्पन्द इष्टिहोमविधिस्तथा ॥१३-१३०-६॥
Actions such as thrice-daily ablutions, worship of ancestors and gods, performance of the agnihotra ritual, as well as the procedures for iṣṭi and homa sacrifices, (are prescribed). (13-130-6)
नीवारग्रहणं चैव फलमूलनिषेवणम्। इङ्गुदैरण्डतैलानां स्नेहार्थं च निषेवणम् ॥१३-१३०-७॥
Taking wild rice and also using fruits and roots, and using the oils of iṅgudī and castor for the purpose of unctuousness. (13-130-7)
योगचर्याकृतैः सिद्धैः कामक्रोधविवर्जनम्। वीरशय्यामुपासद्भिर्वीरस्थानोपसेविभिः ॥१३-१३०-८॥
The abandonment of desire and anger is by the perfected yogis, by those who reside on the warrior's bed, and by those who attend to the warrior's place. (13-130-8)
युक्तैर्योगवहैः सद्भिर्ग्रीष्मे पञ्चतपैस्तथा। मण्डूकयोगनियतैर्यथान्यायनिषेविभिः ॥१३-१३०-९॥
By people devoted to yoga practices, by the virtuous, in the summer, by five-fire ascetics likewise, and by those disciplined in frog-posture who practice according to proper rules. (13-130-9)
वीरासनगतैर्नित्यं स्थण्डिले शयनैस्तथा। शीतयोगोऽग्नियोगश्च चर्तव्यो धर्मबुद्धिभिः ॥१३-१३०-१०॥
Those with a mind intent on righteousness should always practice (austerities) such as sitting in the vīrāsana posture on the floor or on beds; both cold and fire disciplines must be undertaken. (13-130-10)
अब्भक्षैर्वायुभक्षैश्च शैवालोत्तरभोजनैः। अश्मकुट्टैस्तथा दान्तैः सम्प्रक्षालैस्तथापरैः ॥१३-१३०-११॥
By those who subsist only on water, on air, and on moss, and by those who eat by grinding with stones, as well as by the self-controlled, by those who thoroughly cleanse their food, and by others as well. (13-130-11)
चीरवल्कलसंवीतैर्मृगचर्मनिवासिभिः। कार्या यात्रा यथाकालं यथाधर्मं यथाविधि ॥१३-१३०-१२॥
The undertaking should be performed, as prescribed, by those clad in bark garments and deer skins, in accordance with time, dharma, and prescribed rules. (13-130-12)
वननित्यैर्वनचरैर्वनपैर्वनगोचरैः। वनं गुरुमिवासाद्य वस्तव्यं वनजीविभिः ॥१३-१३०-१३॥
Those who always live in the forest, forest-dwellers, inhabitants of the woods, and those who move among the forests, having approached the forest as one would a teacher, should dwell in it. (13-130-13)
तेषां होमक्रिया धर्मः पञ्चयज्ञनिषेवणम्। नागपञ्चमयज्ञस्य वेदोक्तस्यानुपालनम् ॥१३-१३०-१४॥
For them, the ritual of oblation is a duty, along with the performance of the five yajñas and observance of the nāga-pañcama sacrifice as enjoined in the Vedas. (13-130-14)
अष्टमीयज्ञपरता चातुर्मास्यनिषेवणम्। पौर्णमास्यां तु यो यज्ञो नित्ययज्ञस्तथैव च ॥१३-१३०-१५॥
Devotion towards sacrifices on the eighth lunar day and performance of the four-monthly observances; but the sacrifice on the full-moon day is considered a perpetual (nitya) sacrifice in the same way. (13-130-15)
विमुक्ता दारसंयोगैर्विमुक्ताः सर्वसङ्करैः। विमुक्ताः सर्वपापैश्च चरन्ति मुनयो वने ॥१३-१३०-१६॥
Freed from union with wives, from all mixtures, and from all sins, the sages wander in the forest. (13-130-16)
स्रुग्भाण्डपरमा नित्यं त्रेताग्निशरणाः सदा। सन्तः सत्पथनित्या ये ते यान्ति परमां गतिम् ॥१३-१३०-१७॥
Those whose highest goal is the sacrificial ladle and vessel, who always take refuge in the three sacrificial fires, who are ever devoted to the righteous path—such virtuous ones attain the supreme state. (13-130-17)
ब्रह्मलोकं महापुण्यं सोमलोकं च शाश्वतम्। गच्छन्ति मुनयः सिद्धा ऋषिधर्मव्यपाश्रयात् ॥१३-१३०-१८॥
The perfected sages reach the greatly meritorious Brahma-world and the eternal Soma-world by relying upon the dharma of sages. (13-130-18)
एष धर्मो मया देवि वानप्रस्थाश्रितः शुभः। विस्तरेणार्थसम्पन्नो यथास्थूलमुदाहृतः ॥१३-१३०-१९॥
O goddess, this auspicious duty pertaining to the vānaprastha stage has been stated by me in summary as well as in detail, endowed with meaning. (13-130-19)
उमोवाच॥
Umā said.
भगवन्देवदेवेश सर्वभूतनमस्कृत। यो धर्मो मुनिसङ्घस्य सिद्धिवादेषु तं वद ॥१३-१३०-२०॥
O blessed Lord, lord of the lords of the gods, worshipped by all beings, tell me that righteousness of the assembly of sages which prevails in discussions about accomplishment. (13-130-20)
सिद्धिवादेषु संसिद्धास्तथा वननिवासिनः। स्वैरिणो दारसंयुक्तास्तेषां धर्मः कथं स्मृतः ॥१३-१३०-२१॥
Among those established in the doctrines of success, and likewise among forest dwellers—those who live independently and with their wives—how is their duty described? (13-130-21)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
The great lord Śiva said.
स्वैरिणस्तापसा देवि सर्वे दारविहारिणः। तेषां मौण्ड्यं कषायश्च वासरात्रिश्च कारणम् ॥१३-१३०-२२॥
O goddess, the ascetics are independent—indeed, all of them live with wives. For them, being shaven-headed, wearing ochre robes, and both day and night, are merely causes (for such behavior). (13-130-22)
त्रिकालमभिषेकश्च होत्रं त्वृषिकृतं महत्। समाधिः सत्पथस्थानं यथोदितनिषेवणम् ॥१३-१३०-२३॥
Consecration performed three times daily and sacrificial offering—especially as carried out by the great sages—concentration, abiding in the true path, and observance as prescribed. (13-130-23)
ये च ते पूर्वकथिता धर्मा वननिवासिनाम्। यदि सेवन्ति धर्मांस्तानाप्नुवन्ति तपःफलम् ॥१३-१३०-२४॥
If the forest-dwellers practice those previously mentioned dharmas, they attain the fruit of austerity. (13-130-24)
ये च दम्पतिधर्माणः स्वदारनियतेन्द्रियाः। चरन्ति विधिदृष्टं तदृतुकालाभिगामिनः ॥१३-१३०-२५॥
And those who observe duties of married couples, approach only their own wives, control their senses, and act according to prescribed rules—approaching at the proper season—are such as described. (13-130-25)
तेषामृषिकृतो धर्मो धर्मिणामुपपद्यते। न कामकारात्कामोऽन्यः संसेव्यो धर्मदर्शिभिः ॥१३-१३०-२६॥
The dharma established by sages is proper for the righteous; those who understand dharma should not pursue any desire arising from mere desire. (13-130-26)
सर्वभूतेषु यः सम्यग्ददात्यभयदक्षिणाम्। हिंसारोषविमुक्तात्मा स वै धर्मेण युज्यते ॥१३-१３０-२७॥
Whoever rightly gives the gift of fearlessness to all beings, whose self is free from violence and anger, he indeed is truly united with dharma. (13-130-27)
सर्वभूतानुकम्पी यः सर्वभूतार्जवव्रतः। सर्वभूतात्मभूतश्च स वै धर्मेण युज्यते ॥१३-१३०-२८॥
He who is compassionate to all beings, who is devoted to honesty towards all beings, and who regards himself as the self of all beings—indeed, he is united with righteousness. (13-130-28)
सर्ववेदेषु वा स्नानं सर्वभूतेषु चार्जवम्। उभे एते समे स्यातामार्जवं वा विशिष्यते ॥१३-१३०-२९॥
Bathing in all the Vedas and straightforwardness towards all beings—these two may be considered equal, but straightforwardness is regarded as superior. (13-130-29)
आर्जवं धर्म इत्याहुरधर्मो जिह्म उच्यते। आर्जवेनेह संयुक्तो नरो धर्मेण युज्यते ॥१३-१३०-३०॥
They say that straightforwardness is virtue, and that crookedness is called vice. A man endowed with straightforwardness here is united with virtue. (13-130-30)
आर्जवो भुवने नित्यं वसत्यमरसंनिधौ। तस्मादार्जवनित्यः स्याद्य इच्छेद्धर्ममात्मनः ॥१३-१३०-३१॥
Straightforwardness always resides in the world in the presence of the immortals; therefore, one who desires virtue for himself should always be steadfast in straightforwardness. (13-130-31)
क्षान्तो दान्तो जितक्रोधो धर्मभूतोऽविहिंसकः। धर्मे रतमना नित्यं नरो धर्मेण युज्यते ॥१३-१३०-३२॥
A man who is patient, self-controlled, free from anger, abides in righteousness, is non-violent, and whose mind is always devoted to righteousness, is united with righteousness. (13-130-32)
व्यपेततन्द्रो धर्मात्मा शक्या सत्पथमाश्रितः। चारित्रपरमो बुद्धो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥१३-१३०-३३॥
A person who is free from drowsiness, whose nature is righteousness, who has resorted to the good path, who is supremely devoted to conduct and is wise, becomes eligible for attaining the state of Brahman. (13-130-33)
उमोवाच॥
Umā said.
आश्रमाभिरता देव तापसा ये तपोधनाः। दीप्तिमन्तः कया चैव चर्ययाथ भवन्ति ते ॥१३-१३०-३४॥
O divine one, those ascetic sages, attached to āśramas, whose wealth is austerity and who shine with radiance—by what conduct do they become so? (13-130-34)
राजानो राजपुत्राश्च निर्धना वा महाधनाः। कर्मणा केन भगवन्प्राप्नुवन्ति महाफलम् ॥१३-१३०-३५॥
O Lord, by what action do kings, princes, the poor or the very wealthy attain great benefit? (13-130-35)
नित्यं स्थानमुपागम्य दिव्यचन्दनरूषिताः। केन वा कर्मणा देव भवन्ति वनगोचराः ॥१३-१३०-३६॥
O god, having always come to the place, smeared with divine sandalwood, by what action do they become forest-dwellers? (13-130-36)
एतं मे संशयं देव तपश्चर्यागतं शुभम्। शंस सर्वमशेषेण त्र्यक्ष त्रिपुरनाशन ॥१३-१३०-३७॥
O three-eyed one, O destroyer of Tripura, please declare fully and without omission this auspicious doubt of mine that has arisen from ascetic practice. (13-130-37)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
The great lord spoke.
उपवासव्रतैर्दान्ता अहिंस्राः सत्यवादिनः। संसिद्धाः प्रेत्य गन्धर्वैः सह मोदन्त्यनामयाः ॥१३-१३०-३८॥
Those who are self-restrained by fasting and vows, non-violent, truth-speaking, and perfected, after death rejoice together with the Gandharvas, free from all affliction. (13-130-38)
मण्डूकयोगशयनो यथास्थानं यथाविधि। दीक्षां चरति धर्मात्मा स नागैः सह मोदते ॥१३-१३०-३९॥
He who lies in the frog posture, at the proper place and in the proper manner, practises initiation righteously; he rejoices together with the nāgas. (13-130-39)
शष्पं मृगमुखोत्सृष्टं यो मृगैः सह सेवते। दीक्षितो वै मुदा युक्तः स गच्छत्यमरावतीम् ॥१३-१३०-४०॥
He who, being consecrated and rejoicing, partakes together with the deer of the tender grass left by their mouths, goes to Amaravati (the city of the immortals). (13-130-40)
शैवालं शीर्णपर्णं वा तद्व्रतो यो निषेवते। शीतयोगवहो नित्यं स गच्छेत्परमां गतिम् ॥१३-१३०-४१॥
Whoever practises the vow of subsisting only on water-plants or dried leaves, constantly cultivating union with cold, he attains the highest goal. (13-130-41)
वायुभक्षोऽम्बुभक्षो वा फलमूलाशनोऽपि वा। यक्षेष्वैश्वर्यमाधाय मोदतेऽप्सरसां गणैः ॥१३-१३०-४२॥
Whether living on air, on water, or even on fruits and roots, he enjoys sovereignty among the Yakṣas, delighting in the company of the Apsarases. (13-130-42)
अग्नियोगवहो ग्रीष्मे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा। चीर्त्वा द्वादश वर्षाणि राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥१३-१३०-४३॥
He who bears the connection to fire in summer and performs the prescribed ritual for twelve years becomes a king, a ruler. (13-130-43)
आहारनियमं कृत्वा मुनिर्द्वादशवार्षिकम्। मरुं संसाध्य यत्नेन राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥१३-१३०-४४॥
Having observed food regulation, the sage for twelve years, having accomplished austerities in the desert by effort, becomes an earthly king. (13-130-44)
स्थण्डिले शुद्धमाकाशं परिगृह्य समन्ततः। प्रविश्य च मुदा युक्तो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम् ॥१३-१३०-४५॥
He, having surrounded himself with pure ether on all sides on the ground, entered therein, and, endowed with joy, undertook the twelve-year initiation. (13-130-45)
स्थण्डिलस्य फलान्याहुर्यानानि शयनानि च। गृहाणि च महार्हाणि चन्द्रशुभ्राणि भामिनि ॥१३-१३०-४६॥
O splendid lady, they say the results for Sthaṇḍila are vehicles, beds, and houses that are very costly and shining white like the moon. (13-130-46)
आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो नियतो नियताशनः। देहं वानशने त्यक्त्वा स स्वर्गं समुपाश्नुते ॥१३-१३०-४७॥
He who sustains himself, is self-controlled, eats regulated food, and giving up the body by fasting, attains heaven. (13-130-47)
आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम्। त्यक्त्वा महार्णवे देहं वारुणं लोकमश्नुते ॥१३-१३०-४८॥
Who, subsisting on himself, undertakes a twelve-year discipline, and after abandoning his body in the great ocean, attains the world of Varuṇa. (13-130-48)
आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम्। अश्मना चरणौ भित्त्वा गुह्यकेषु स मोदते ॥१३-१३०-४९॥
He who must support himself, after undergoing the twelve-year initiation, piercing his feet with a stone in secret places, rejoices. (13-130-49)
साधयित्वात्मनात्मानं निर्द्वंद्वो निष्परिग्रहः। चीर्त्वा द्वादश वर्षाणि दीक्षामेकां मनोगताम् ॥ स्वर्गलोकमवाप्नोति देवैश्च सह मोदते ॥१३-१३०-५०॥
Having achieved self-mastery through his own effort, being free from duality and without possessions, having observed a single initiation resolved in his mind for twelve years, he attains the heavenly world and enjoys bliss together with the gods. (13-130-50)
आत्मानमुपजीवन्यो दीक्षां द्वादशवार्षिकीम्। हुत्वाग्नौ देहमुत्सृज्य वह्निलोके महीयते ॥१३-१३०-५१॥
One who, having sustained himself, undergoes consecration for twelve years, and after offering oblations into the fire abandons his body, becomes glorified in the world of fire. (13-130-51)
यस्तु देवि यथान्यायं दीक्षितो नियतो द्विजः। आत्मन्यात्मानमाधाय निर्द्वंद्वो निष्परिग्रहः ॥१३-१३०-५२॥
But he, O goddess, who, being consecrated and self-controlled as per right procedure, is a twice-born, having placed the self within the self, free from dualities and without possessions. (13-130-52)
चीर्त्वा द्वादश वर्षाणि दीक्षामेकां मनोगताम्। अरणीसहितं स्कन्धे बद्ध्वा गच्छत्यनावृतः ॥१३-१३०-५३॥
After completing twelve years of the single vow contemplated in his mind, having fastened the araṇi fire-sticks to his shoulder, he proceeds without covering. (13-130-53)
वीराध्वानमना नित्यं वीरासनरतस्तथा। वीरस्थायी च सततं स वीरगतिमाप्नुयात् ॥१३-१३०-५४॥
He who always keeps his mind intent on the heroic path, who is engaged in heroic postures, and who constantly abides in heroism—he attains the way of the hero. (13-130-54)
स शक्रलोकगो नित्यं सर्वकामपुरस्कृतः। दिव्यपुष्पसमाकीर्णो दिव्यचन्दनभूषितः ॥ सुखं वसति धर्मात्मा दिवि देवगणैः सह ॥१३-१३०-५५॥
He, having reached the world of Indra, ever attended by all enjoyments, surrounded by divine flowers and adorned with divine sandalwood, dwells in happiness in heaven together with the groups of gods, being a righteous soul. (13-130-55)
वीरलोकगतो वीरो वीरयोगवहः सदा। सत्त्वस्थः सर्वमुत्सृज्य दीक्षितो नियतः शुचिः ॥ वीराध्वानं प्रपद्येद्यस्तस्य लोकाः सनातनाः ॥१३-१३०-५६॥
He who, having gone to the world of heroes, always bears the union of heroism, established in purity, having abandoned all, who is initiated, self-controlled, and pure, should attain the heroic path; his worlds are eternal. (13-130-56)
कामगेन विमानेन स वै चरति च्छन्दतः। शक्रलोकगतः श्रीमान्मोदते च निरामयः ॥१३-१३०-५७॥
He travels at will in a wish-fulfilling chariot; reaching the sphere of Indra, the fortunate one rejoices and is free from suffering. (13-130-57)
