14.002
व्यासवाक्यम्
vyāsavākyam
[व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyāsa; (the sage Vyāsa); वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement; utterance; sentence;]
(Vyāsa statement;)
The statement of Vyāsa.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said.)
Vaiśampāyana said.
एवमुक्तस्तु राज्ञा स धृतराष्ट्रेण धीमता। तूष्णीं बभूव मेधावी तमुवाचाथ केशवः ॥१४-२-१॥
evam-uktas tu rājñā sa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhīmatā। tūṣṇīṃ babhūva medhāvī tam uvācātha keśavaḥ ॥14-2-1॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken (to); तु (tu) - but; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; स (sa) - he; धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhṛtarāṣṭra; धीमता (dhīmatā) - intelligent; तूष्णीं (tūṣṇīm) - silent; बभूव (babhūva) - became; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise; तम् (tam) - him; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; अथ (atha) - then; केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava;]
(Thus, spoken (to) but by the king, he by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, intelligent, silent became wise; him spoke then Keśava.)
Having thus been addressed by the intelligent king Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the wise one became silent; then Keśava spoke to him. (14-2-1)
अतीव मनसा शोकः क्रियमाणो जनाधिप। सन्तापयति वैतस्य पूर्वप्रेतान्पितामहान् ॥१४-२-२॥
atīva manasā śokaḥ kriyamāṇo janādhipa। santāpayati vai tasya pūrvapretān pitāmahān ॥14-2-2॥
[अतीव (atīva) - excessively; मनसा (manasā) - by the mind; शोकः (śokaḥ) - grief; क्रियमाणः (kriyamāṇaḥ) - being done; जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of people; सन्तापयति (santāpayati) - torments; वै (vai) - indeed; तस्य (tasya) - his; पूर्वप्रेतान् (pūrvapretān) - the departed ancestors; पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - forefathers;]
(Excessively by the mind, grief being done, O lord of people, indeed torments his departed ancestors, forefathers.)
O lord of men, grief excessively cultivated in the mind does indeed torment that person's departed ancestors and forefathers. (14-2-2)
यजस्व विविधैर्यज्ञैर्बहुभिः स्वाप्तदक्षिणैः। देवांस्तर्पय सोमेन स्वधया च पितॄनपि ॥१४-२-३॥
yajasva vividhairyajñairbahubhiḥ svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ। devāṃstarpaya somena svadhayā ca pitṝnapi॥14-2-3॥
[यजस्व (yajasva) - sacrifice; (you) perform; विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - various; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - with sacrifices; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many; स्वाप्तदक्षिणैः (svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ) - with proper fees (dakṣiṇā) having been obtained; देवान् (devān) - the gods; तर्पय (tarpaya) - satisfy; सोमेन (somena) - with Soma; स्वधया (svadhayā) - with Svadhā; च (ca) - and; पितॄन् (pitṝn) - the ancestors; अपि (api) - also;]
(Perform sacrifices of various kinds with many (sacrifices), with proper fees having been obtained; satisfy the gods with Soma, and also the ancestors with Svadhā.)
Perform various sacrifices in many ways, with appropriate gifts; satisfy the gods with Soma, and also the ancestors with Svadhā. (14-2-3)
त्वद्विधस्य महाबुद्धे नैतदद्योपपद्यते। विदितं वेदितव्यं ते कर्तव्यमपि ते कृतम् ॥१४-२-४॥
tvad-vidhasya mahā-buddhe na etad adya upapadyate। viditam veditavyam te kartavyam api te kṛtam॥14-2-4॥
[त्वद्विधस्य (tvad-vidhasya) - of one like you; महाबुद्धे (mahā-buddhe) - O great intellect; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; अद्य (adya) - today; उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is appropriate; विदितं (viditam) - that which is known; वेदितव्यं (veditavyam) - that which is to be known; ते (te) - by you; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - that which is to be done; अपि (api) - even; ते (te) - by you; कृतम् (kṛtam) - has been done;]
(Of one like you, O great intellect, this today is not appropriate. That which is known, that which is to be known by you, even that which is to be done by you, has been done.)
O great intellect, for one like you this is not appropriate today. What is known and what is to be known by you, as well as what is to be done by you – all that has already been accomplished. (14-2-4)
श्रुताश्च राजधर्मास्ते भीष्माद्भागीरथीसुतात्। कृष्णद्वैपायनाच्चैव नारदाद्विदुरात्तथा ॥१४-२-५॥
śrutāś ca rājadharmās te bhīṣmād bhāgīrathīsutāt। kṛṣṇadvaipāyanāc caiva nāradād vidurāt tathā ॥14-2-5॥
[श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard; च (ca) - and; राजधर्माः (rājadharmāḥ) - duties of kings; ते (te) - by you; भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma; भागीरथीसुतात् (bhāgīrathīsutāt) - from the son of Bhagirathi (Ganga) (i.e., Bhishma); कृष्णद्वैपायनात् (kṛṣṇadvaipāyanāt) - from Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; नारदात् (nāradāt) - from Nārada; विदुरात् (vidurāt) - from Vidura; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Heard and the kings' duties by you from Bhishma, from the son of Bhagirathi, from Krishna Dvaipayana indeed, from Narada, from Vidura also.)
You have heard the duties of kings from Bhishma, the son of Bhagirathi, from Krishna Dvaipayana, from Narada, and also from Vidura. (14-2-5)
नेमामर्हसि मूढानां वृत्तिं त्वमनुवर्तितुम्। पितृपैतामहीं वृत्तिमास्थाय धुरमुद्वह ॥१४-२-६॥
nemām arhhasi mūḍhānāṃ vṛttiṃ tvam anuvartitum। pitṛpaitāmahīṃ vṛttim āsthāya dhuram udvaha॥14-2-6॥
[नेमाम् (na imām) - not this; अर्हसि (arhhasi) - you ought; मूढानाम् (mūḍhānām) - of the deluded; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - conduct; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अनुवर्तितुम् (anuvartitum) - to follow; पितृपैतामहीं (pitṛpaitāmahīm) - ancestral (of fathers and grandfathers); वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - conduct; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - adopting; धुरम् (dhuram) - burden; उद्वह (udvaha) - you bear;]
(Not this conduct of the deluded you ought to follow. Adopting the conduct of your forefathers, bear the burden.)
You should not follow the conduct of the deluded; taking up the ancestral conduct, bear the responsibility. (14-2-6)
युक्तं हि यशसा क्षत्रं स्वर्गं प्राप्तुमसंशयम्। न हि कश्चन शूराणां निहतोऽत्र पराङ्मुखः ॥१४-२-७॥
yuktaṁ hi yaśasā kṣatraṁ svargaṁ prāptum asaṁśayam। na hi kaścana śūrāṇāṁ nihato'tra parāṅmukhaḥ ॥14-2-7॥
[युक्तं (yuktam) - joined; appropriate; हि (hi) - indeed; यशसा (yaśasā) - with glory; क्षत्रं (kṣatram) - kṣatriya-hood; valor; स्वर्गं (svargam) - heaven; प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to attain; असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; कश्चन (kaścana) - any one; शूराणां (śūrāṇām) - of warriors; निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain; अत्र (atra) - here; पराङ्मुखः (parāṅmukhaḥ) - turned away (from battle);]
(Appropriate indeed with glory valor to attain heaven without doubt. Not indeed any one of warriors slain here turned away (from battle).)
Valor, when joined with glory, is certainly fit to attain heaven without a doubt. Indeed, none of the warriors slain here turns away from battle. (14-2-7)
त्यज शोकं महाराज भवितव्यं हि तत्तथा। न शक्यास्ते पुनर्द्रष्टुं त्वया ह्यस्मिन्रणे हताः ॥१४-२-८॥
tyaja śokaṃ mahārāja bhavitavyaṃ hi tat tathā। na śakyās te punar draṣṭuṃ tvayā hy asmin raṇe hatāḥ ॥14-2-8॥
[त्यज (tyaja) - abandon; (give up); शोकं (śokaṃ) - grief; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; भवितव्यं (bhavitavyam) - what must happen; हि (hi) - indeed; तत्तथा (tat tathā) - that (is) so; न (na) - not; शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible; ते (te) - they; पुनः (punar) - again; द्रष्टुं (draṣṭuṃ) - to see; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; रणे (raṇe) - battle; हताः (hatāḥ) - slain;]
(Abandon grief, O great king; what must happen, indeed, that (is) so. Not possible they again to see by you, indeed, in this battle slain.)
Give up your grief, O great king. What is destined to happen is indeed so. It is not possible for you to see those slain in this battle again. (14-2-8)
एतावदुक्त्वा गोविन्दो धर्मराजं युधिष्ठिरम्। विरराम महातेजास्तमुवाच युधिष्ठिरः ॥१४-२-९॥
etāvaduktvā govindo dharmarājaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram। virarāma mahātejāstamuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ॥14-2-9॥
[एतावत् (etāvat) - so much; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; गोविन्दः (govindaḥ) - Govinda; धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - Dharmarāja; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira; विरराम (virarāma) - ceased; महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor; तम् (tam) - him; उवाच (uvāca) - said; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]
(So much having spoken, Govinda to Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira ceased; the one of great splendor. To him Yudhiṣṭhira said. (14-2-9))
Having spoken thus, Govinda ceased addressing Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira; then the greatly radiant Yudhiṣṭhira spoke to him. (14-2-9)
गोविन्द मयि या प्रीतिस्तव सा विदिता मम। सौहृदेन तथा प्रेम्णा सदा मामनुकम्पसे ॥१४-२-१०॥
govinda mayi yā prītis tava sā viditā mama। sauhṛdena tathā premṇā sadā mām anukampase॥14-2-10॥
[गोविन्द (govinda) - O Govinda; मयि (mayi) - in me; या (yā) - which; प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection; तव (tava) - of you; सा (sā) - that; विदिता (viditā) - known; मम (mama) - to me; सौहृदेन (sauhṛdena) - with friendship; तथा (tathā) - also; प्रेम्णा (premṇā) - with love; सदा (sadā) - always; माम् (mām) - me; अनुकम्पसे (anukampase) - you show compassion;]
(O Govinda, the affection which is in me, that of you is known to me. With friendship also and with love, always me you show compassion.)
O Govinda, the affection you have for me is known to me. Through your friendship and love, you always show me compassion. (14-2-10)
प्रियं तु मे स्यात्सुमहत्कृतं चक्रगदाधर। श्रीमन्प्रीतेन मनसा सर्वं यावदनन्दन ॥१४-२-११॥
priyaṃ tu me syātsumahatkṛtaṃ cakragadādhara। śrīmanprītena manasā sarvaṃ yāvadanandana ॥14-2-11॥
[प्रियं (priyaṃ) - dear; pleasant; तु (tu) - but; indeed; मे (me) - to me; for me; स्यात् (syāt) - may it be; may become; सुमहत्कृतं (sumahatkṛtaṃ) - great deed; excellent act; चक्रगदाधर (cakragadādhara) - O wielder of discus and mace (Vishnu); श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - O glorious one; प्रीतेन (prītena) - with affection; with joy; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; with the mind; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; everything; यावत् (yāvat) - as much as; अनन्दन (anandana) - O son (often vocative; an epithet);]
(Dear indeed to me may be, a very great deed, O wielder of discus and mace; O glorious one, with an affectionate mind, all as much as, O son.)
O cakragadādhara, O glorious one, truly let it be very dear to me as a great act—everything, with an affectionate mind, as much as you wish, O son. (14-2-11)
यदि मामनुजानीयाद्भवान्गन्तुं तपोवनम्। न हि शान्तिं प्रपश्यामि घातयित्वा पितामहम् ॥ कर्णं च पुरुषव्याघ्रं सङ्ग्रामेष्वपलायिनम् ॥१४-२-१२॥
yadi mām anujānīyāt bhavān gantuṃ tapovanam। na hi śāntiṃ prapaśyāmi ghātayitvā pitāmaham ॥ karṇaṃ ca puruṣavyāghraṃ saṅgrāmeṣu apalāyinam ॥14-2-12॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; माम् (mām) - me; अनुजानीयात् (anujānīyāt) - would permit; भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful); गन्तुम् (gantuṃ) - to go; तपःवनम् (tapo’vanam) - forest of austerities; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace; प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I see; घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused the death; पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna; च (ca) - and; पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - tiger among men; सङ्ग्रामेषु (saṅgrāmeṣu) - in battles; अपलायिनम् (apalāyinam) - one who does not flee;]
(If you would permit me to go to the forest of austerities, indeed I do not see peace, having caused the death of grandfather and Karna, the tiger among men, who does not flee in battles.)
If you would allow me to go to the hermitage, I do not see any peace here, having killed my grandfather and Karna, the mighty tiger among men who never fled the battlefield. (14-2-12)
कर्मणा येन मुच्येयमस्मात्क्रूरादरिंदम। कर्मणस्तद्विधत्स्वेह येन शुध्यति मे मनः ॥१४-२-१३॥
karmaṇā yena mucyeyamasmāt krūrād ariṃdama। karmaṇas tad vidhatsv iha yena śudhyati me manaḥ ॥14-2-13॥
[कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action;, येन (yena) - by which;, मुच्येयम् (mucyeyam) - may I be freed;, अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this;, क्रूरात् (krūrāt) - cruel;, अरिंदम (ariṃdama) - O subduer of enemies;, कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action;, तत् (tat) - that;, विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - do;, इह (iha) - here;, येन (yena) - by which;, शुध्यति (śudhyati) - is purified;, मे (me) - my;, मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(By action by which may I be freed from this cruel (state), O subduer of enemies; of action that do here by which is purified my mind.)
O subduer of enemies, perform that action here by which I may be freed from this cruel state and by which my mind will be purified. (14-2-13)
तमेवंवादिनं व्यासस्ततः प्रोवाच धर्मवित्। सान्त्वयन्सुमहातेजाः शुभं वचनमर्थवत् ॥१४-२-१४॥
tam evaṃ-vādinam vyāsaḥ tataḥ provāca dharma-vit। sāntvayan sumahā-tejāḥ śubham vacanam arthavat॥14-2-14॥
[तम् (tam) - him; एवम्-वादिनम् (evaṃ-vādinam) - speaking thus; व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa; ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रोवाच (provāca) - said; धर्मवित् (dharma-vit) - knower of dharma; सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - consoling; सुमहातेजाः (sumahā-tejāḥ) - of great brilliance; शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; अर्थवत् (arthavat) - full of meaning;]
(Him speaking thus, Vyāsa then, the knower of dharma, said, consoling, of great brilliance, auspicious words full of meaning.)
To him who was speaking thus, Vyāsa, the knower of dharma and of great brilliance, then spoke, consoling him with auspicious and meaningful words. (14-2-14)
अकृता ते मतिस्तात पुनर्बाल्येन मुह्यसे। किमाकाशे वयं सर्वे प्रलपाम मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१४-२-१५॥
akṛtā te matis tāta punar bālyena muhyase। kim ākāśe vayaṃ sarve pralapāma muhur muhuḥ॥14-2-15॥
[अकृता (akṛtā) - not formed; not accomplished; ते (te) - your; मतिः (matiḥ) - mind; thought; तात (tāta) - O dear; father; (addressing a son or dear one); पुनः (punaḥ) - again; बाल्येन (bālyena) - by boyishness; by childishness; मुह्यसे (muhyase) - you are deluded; you are bewildered; किम् (kim) - why; what; आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky; वयम् (vayam) - we; सर्वे (sarve) - all; प्रलपाम (pralapāma) - we speak prattle; we babble; मुहुर्मुहुः (muhur muhuḥ) - again and again; repeatedly;]
(Not formed your mind, O dear, again by childishness you are deluded. Why in the sky do we all speak repeatedly?)
Your mind is not yet formed, O dear; again you are deluded by childishness. Why do we all keep on babbling again and again into the sky? (14-2-15)
विदिताः क्षत्रधर्मास्ते येषां युद्धेन जीविका। यथा प्रवृत्तो नृपतिर्नाधिबन्धेन युज्यते ॥१४-२-१६॥
viditāḥ kṣatradharmās te yeṣāṃ yuddhena jīvikā। yathā pravṛtto nṛpatir nādhibandhena yujyate॥14-2-16॥
[विदिताः (viditāḥ) - known; क्षत्रधर्माः (kṣatradharmāḥ) - Kṣatriya-duties; ते (te) - their; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by war; जीविका (jīvikā) - livelihood; यथा (yathā) - as; प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - engaged in; नृपतः (nṛpatiḥ) - king (the ruler); न (na) - not; अधिबन्धेन (adhibandhena) - by binding (obligation, restriction); युज्यते (yujyate) - is bound/obliged (to act);]
(Known are the Kṣatriya-duties; their livelihood is by war; as a king engaged (in this) is not bound by obligation.)
The duties of a Kṣatriya are well known: for those whose livelihood depends on war, just as a king acting thus is not bound by restriction. (14-2-16)
मोक्षधर्माश्च निखिला याथातथ्येन ते श्रुताः। असकृच्चैव संदेहाश्छिन्नास्ते कामजा मया ॥१४-२-१७॥
mokṣadharmāś ca nikhilā yāthātathyena te śrutāḥ। asakṛc caiva saṃdehāś chinnās te kāmajā mayā॥14-2-17॥
[मोक्षधर्माः (mokṣadharmāḥ) - teachings concerning liberation; च (ca) - and; निखिलाः (nikhilāḥ) - all, entire; याथातथ्येन (yāthātathyena) - truly, as they are; ते (te) - by you; श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard; असकृत् (asakṛt) - many times; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सन्देहाः (saṃdehāḥ) - doubts; छिन्नाः (chinnāḥ) - cut off; ते (te) - your; कामजाः (kāmajāḥ) - arising from desire; मया (mayā) - by me;]
(Teachings concerning liberation and all, truly by you heard; many times and indeed doubts cut off your arising from desire by me.)
You have truly heard all the teachings concerning liberation, and your doubts arising from desire have been cut off by me, again and again. (14-2-17)
अश्रद्दधानो दुर्मेधा लुप्तस्मृतिरसि ध्रुवम्। मैवं भव न ते युक्तमिदमज्ञानमीदृशम् ॥१४-२-१८॥
aśraddadhāno durmedhā luptasmṛtirasi dhruvam. maivaṃ bhava na te yuktam idam ajñānam īdṛśam ॥14-2-18॥
[अश्रद्दधानः (aśraddadhānaḥ) - without faith; दुर्मेधाः (durmedhāḥ) - of wicked intellect; लुप्तस्मृतिः (luptasmṛtiḥ) - with lost memory; असि (asi) - you are; ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - truly; माऽएवं (mā evaṃ) - do not (be) thus; भव (bhava) - become; न (na) - not; ते (te) - for you; युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper; इदम् (idam) - this; अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance; ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such;]
(Without faith, of wicked intellect, with lost memory, you are truly; do not be thus, this ignorance such is not proper for you.)
Truly, you are without faith, of wicked mind, and with lost memory; do not be so—such ignorance is not proper for you. (14-2-18)
प्रायश्चित्तानि सर्वाणि विदितानि च तेऽनघ। युद्धधर्माश्च ते सर्वे दानधर्माश्च ते श्रुताः ॥१४-२-१९॥
prāyaścittāni sarvāṇi viditāni ca te'nagha। yuddhadharmāśca te sarve dānadharmāśca te śrutāḥ ॥14-2-19॥
[प्रायश्चित्तानि (prāyaścittāni) - expiations; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; विदितानि (viditāni) - known; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - to you; अनघ (anagha) - sinless one; युद्धधर्माः (yuddhadharmāḥ) - duties of battle; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - to you; सर्वे (sarve) - all; दानधर्माः (dānadharmāḥ) - duties of giving; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - to you; श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - have been heard;]
(Expiations all known and to you, sinless one; duties of battle and to you all; duties of giving and to you have been heard.)
Sinless one, all expiations are known to you; all the duties of battle and the duties of giving have also been heard by you. (14-2-19)
स कथं सर्वधर्मज्ञः सर्वागमविशारदः। परिमुह्यसि भूयस्त्वमज्ञानादिव भारत ॥१४-२-२०॥
sa kathaṃ sarvadharmajñaḥ sarvāgamaviśāradaḥ। parimuhyasi bhūyastvamajñānādiva bhārata॥14-2-20॥
[स (sa) - he; that one; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; सर्वधर्मज्ञः (sarvadharmajñaḥ) - knower of all dharmas; सर्वागमविशारदः (sarvāgamaviśāradaḥ) - expert in all scriptures; परिमुह्यसि (parimuhyasi) - you become thoroughly deluded; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance; इव (iva) - as if; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(He, how the knower of all dharmas, the expert in all scriptures, you become thoroughly deluded again, you, from ignorance as if, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, how is it that you, who are the knower of all dharmas and expert in all scriptures, are again becoming thoroughly deluded as if from ignorance? (14-2-20)
