01.059
Library: Ancient lineage of Devas and Asuras.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
अथ नारायणेनेन्द्रश्चकार सह संविदम्। अवतर्तुं महीं स्वर्गादंशतः सहितः सुरैः ॥१-५९-१॥
Then, Nārāyaṇa and Indra made an agreement to descend from heaven to earth, partially accompanied by the gods.
आदिश्य च स्वयं शक्रः सर्वानेव दिवौकसः। निर्जगाम पुनस्तस्मात्क्षयान्नारायणस्य ह ॥१-५९-२॥
Indra, having given instructions to all the gods himself, departed once more from the abode of Nārāyaṇa.
तेऽमरारिविनाशाय सर्वलोकहिताय च। अवतेरुः क्रमेणेमां महीं स्वर्गाद्दिवौकसः ॥१-५९-३॥
The celestial beings descended from heaven to earth gradually for the destruction of the enemies of the gods and for the welfare of all beings.
ततो ब्रह्मर्षिवंशेषु पार्थिवर्षिकुलेषु च। जज्ञिरे राजशार्दूल यथाकामं दिवौकसः ॥१-५९-४॥
Then, O tiger among kings, celestial beings were born as desired in the lineages of Brahmarshis and royal families.
दानवान्राक्षसांश्चैव गन्धर्वान्पन्नगांस्तथा। पुरुषादानि चान्यानि जघ्नुः सत्त्वान्यनेकशः ॥१-५९-५॥
They slew numerous creatures, such as demons, ogres, celestial beings, serpents, man-eaters, and others.
दानवा राक्षसाश्चैव गन्धर्वाः पन्नगास्तथा। न तान्बलस्थान्बाल्येऽपि जघ्नुर्भरतसत्तम ॥१-५९-६॥
O best of the Bharatas, even in their childhood, the demons, rakshasas, celestial musicians, and serpents could not kill those strong ones.
जनमेजय उवाच॥
Janamejaya spoke:
देवदानवसङ्घानां गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा। मानवानां च सर्वेषां तथा वै यक्षरक्षसाम् ॥१-५९-७॥
The groups of gods, demons, celestial musicians, nymphs, humans, and all beings, including yakshas and rakshasas, were present.
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन सम्भवं कृत्स्नमादितः। प्राणिनां चैव सर्वेषां सर्वशः सर्वविद्ध्यसि ॥१-५९-८॥
I wish to truly understand the complete origin of all beings from the beginning, as you are the knower of everything in every way.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि नमस्कृत्वा स्वयम्भुवे। सुरादीनामहं सम्यग्लोकानां प्रभवाप्ययम् ॥१-५९-९॥
Alas, I shall tell you, after saluting the self-born, about the true origin and dissolution of the worlds, including those of the gods and others.
ब्रह्मणो मानसाः पुत्रा विदिताः षण्महर्षयः। मरीचिरत्र्यङ्गिरसौ पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः ॥१-५९-१०॥
The six great sages, known as the mind-born sons of Brahma, are Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu.
मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रः कश्यपात्तु इमाः प्रजाः। प्रजज्ञिरे महाभागा दक्षकन्यास्त्रयोदश ॥१-५९-११॥
Kashyapa, the son of Marichi, had these thirteen illustrious daughters born from him, who were the daughters of Daksha.
अदितिर्दितिर्दनुः काला अनायुः सिंहिका मुनिः। क्रोधा प्रावा अरिष्टा च विनता कपिला तथा ॥१-५९-१२॥
Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kālā, Anāyuḥ, Siṃhikā, the sage, Krodhā, Prāvā, Ariṣṭā, and Vinatā, as well as Kapilā.
कद्रूश्च मनुजव्याघ्र दक्षकन्यैव भारत। एतासां वीर्यसम्पन्नं पुत्रपौत्रमनन्तकम् ॥१-५९-१३॥
Kadru and the daughter of Daksha, O tiger among men and descendant of Bharata, had endless progeny endowed with prowess.
अदित्यां द्वादशादित्याः सम्भूता भुवनेश्वराः। ये राजन्नामतस्तांस्ते कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत ॥१-५९-१४॥
In Aditi, twelve Ādityas were born as the lords of the world. O king, I will recount their names to you, O Bhārata.
धाता मित्रोऽर्यमा शक्रो वरुणश्चांश एव च। भगो विवस्वान्पूषा च सविता दशमस्तथा ॥१-५९-१५॥
Dhātā, Mitra, Aryaman, Indra, Varuna, Aṃśa, Bhaga, Vivasvan, Pūṣā, and Savitā are the ten deities mentioned here.
एकादशस्तथा त्वष्टा विष्णुर्द्वादश उच्यते। जघन्यजः स सर्वेषामादित्यानां गुणाधिकः ॥१-५९-१६॥
Thus, Tvaṣṭā is the eleventh, and Viṣṇu is considered the twelfth. He is the youngest among all the Ādityas and is superior in qualities.
एक एव दितेः पुत्रो हिरण्यकशिपुः स्मृतः। नाम्ना ख्यातास्तु तस्येमे पुत्राः पञ्च महात्मनः ॥१-५९-१७॥
Hiraṇyakaśipu is remembered as the only son of Diti. His five sons, known by name, are considered great souls.
प्रह्रादः पूर्वजस्तेषां संह्रादस्तदनन्तरम्। अनुह्रादस्तृतीयोऽभूत्तस्माच्च शिबिबाष्कलौ ॥१-५९-१८॥
Prahlada was the eldest among them, followed by Samhrada. Anuhrada was the third, and from him came Shibi and Baskala.
प्रह्रादस्य त्रयः पुत्राः ख्याताः सर्वत्र भारत। विरोचनश्च कुम्भश्च निकुम्भश्चेति विश्रुताः ॥१-५९-१९॥
Prahlada had three sons who were famous everywhere, O Bharata: Virocana, Kumbha, and Nikumbha were well-known.
विरोचनस्य पुत्रोऽभूद्बलिरेकः प्रतापवान्। बलेश्च प्रथितः पुत्रो बाणो नाम महासुरः ॥१-५९-२०॥
Virocana had a son named Bali, who was mighty. Bali, in turn, had a famous son named Bāṇa, who was a great demon.
चत्वारिंशद्दनोः पुत्राः ख्याताः सर्वत्र भारत। तेषां प्रथमजो राजा विप्रचित्तिर्महायशाः ॥१-५९-२१॥
O Bharata, the forty sons of Danu are renowned everywhere. Among them, the first-born is the king Vipracitti, who is greatly renowned.
शम्बरो नमुचिश्चैव पुलोमा चेति विश्रुतः। असिलोमा च केशी च दुर्जयश्चैव दानवः ॥१-५९-२२॥
Śambara, Namuci, Pulomā, Asiloma, Keśī, and Durjaya are renowned demons.
अयःशिरा अश्वशिरा अयःशङ्कुश्च वीर्यवान्। तथा गगनमूर्धा च वेगवान्केतुमांश्च यः ॥१-५९-२३॥
The one who is iron-headed, horse-headed, iron-spiked, and powerful; also sky-headed and swift, with a banner.
स्वर्भानुरश्वोऽश्वपतिर्वृषपर्वाजकस्तथा। अश्वग्रीवश्च सूक्ष्मश्च तुहुण्डश्च महासुरः ॥१-५९-२४॥
Svarbhanu, the horse, the lord of horses, Vrishaparva, Ajaka, Ashvagriva, and Tuhunda are all great demons, subtle in nature.
इसृपा एकचक्रश्च विरूपाक्षो हराहरौ। निचन्द्रश्च निकुम्भश्च कुपथः कापथस्तथा ॥१-५९-२५॥
Isripa, Ekacakra, Virupaksha, Hara, Harau, Nicandra, Nikumbha, Kupatha, and Kapatha are mentioned here.
शरभः शलभश्चैव सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ तथा। इति ख्याता दनोर्वंशे दानवाः परिकीर्तिताः ॥ अन्यौ तु खलु देवानां सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ स्मृतौ ॥१-५९-२६॥
Sharabha, Shalabha, and the Sun and Moon are known as celebrated Danavas in the lineage of Danu. However, the Sun and Moon are also remembered among the gods.
इमे च वंशे प्रथिताः सत्त्ववन्तो महाबलाः। दनुपुत्रा महाराज दश दानवपुङ्गवाः ॥१-५९-२७॥
These ten sons of Danu, O great king, are famous in the lineage, endowed with strength and very powerful, being the foremost among the Danavas.
एकाक्षो मृतपा वीरः प्रलम्बनरकावपि। वातापिः शत्रुतपनः शठश्चैव महासुरः ॥१-५९-२८॥
The one-eyed hero, who drinks the dead, along with Pralamba and Naraka, also includes Vātāpi, the scorcher of enemies, deceitful and indeed a great demon.
गविष्ठश्च दनायुश्च दीर्घजिह्वश्च दानवः। असङ्ख्येयाः स्मृतास्तेषां पुत्राः पौत्राश्च भारत ॥१-५९-२९॥
Gavistha, Danayu, Dirghajihva, and Danava are remembered as having countless sons and grandsons, O Bharata.
सिंहिका सुषुवे पुत्रं राहुं चन्द्रार्कमर्दनम्। सुचन्द्रं चन्द्रहन्तारं तथा चन्द्रविमर्दनम् ॥१-५९-३०॥
Siṃhikā gave birth to her son Rāhu, who tormented the moon and sun, and also to Suchandra, who was known as the moon killer and tormentor.
क्रूरस्वभावं क्रूरायाः पुत्रपौत्रमनन्तकम्। गणः क्रोधवशो नाम क्रूरकर्मारिमर्दनः ॥१-५९-३१॥
The group, known for its cruel nature and as the destroyer of the cruel one's descendants, is driven by anger and is named for its ruthless deeds and ability to crush enemies.
अनायुषः पुनः पुत्राश्चत्वारोऽसुरपुङ्गवाः। विक्षरो बलवीरौ च वृत्रश्चैव महासुरः ॥१-५९-३२॥
Anāyuṣa had four sons who were the foremost among the Asuras: Vikṣara, Balavīra, and Vṛtra, the great Asura.
कालायाः प्रथिताः पुत्राः कालकल्पाः प्रहारिणः। भुवि ख्याता महावीर्या दानवेषु परन्तपाः ॥१-५९-३३॥
The renowned sons of Kāla, resembling Kāla in might, are known on earth for their great strength and are feared among the demons as formidable warriors.
विनाशनश्च क्रोधश्च हन्ता क्रोधस्य चापरः। क्रोधशत्रुस्तथैवान्यः कालेया इति विश्रुताः ॥१-५९-३४॥
The Kāleyas are known as destroyers and embodiments of anger, killers of anger, and enemies of anger, each one distinct in their own right.
असुराणामुपाध्यायः शुक्रस्त्वृषिसुतोऽभवत्। ख्याताश्चोशनसः पुत्राश्चत्वारोऽसुरयाजकाः ॥१-५९-३५॥
Śukra, the son of a sage, became the teacher of the demons. The four sons of Uśanas were renowned as priests of the demons.
त्वष्टावरस्तथात्रिश्च द्वावन्यौ मन्त्रकर्मिणौ। तेजसा सूर्यसङ्काशा ब्रह्मलोकप्रभावनाः ॥१-५९-३६॥
Tvaṣṭā, who is excellent, along with three others and two performers of rituals, shine with brilliance like the sun, illuminating the realm of Brahma.
इत्येष वंशप्रभवः कथितस्ते तरस्विनाम्। असुराणां सुराणां च पुराणे संश्रुतो मया ॥१-५९-३७॥
Thus, I have recounted to you the origin of the mighty lineage of both demons and gods, as it has been heard by me in the ancient Purana.
एतेषां यदपत्यं तु न शक्यं तदशेषतः। प्रसङ्ख्यातुं महीपाल गुणभूतमनन्तकम् ॥१-५९-३८॥
O King, it is not possible to completely enumerate the offspring of these, who are endowed with infinite qualities.
तार्क्ष्यश्चारिष्टनेमिश्च तथैव गरुडारुणौ। आरुणिर्वारुणिश्चैव वैनतेया इति स्मृताः ॥१-५९-३९॥
Tārkṣya, Ariṣṭanemi, Garuda, Aruna, Aruni, and Varuni are remembered as the sons of Vinata.
शेषोऽनन्तो वासुकिश्च तक्षकश्च भुजङ्गमः। कूर्मश्च कुलिकश्चैव काद्रवेया महाबलाः ॥१-५९-४०॥
Shesha, Ananta, Vasuki, and Takshaka are serpents. Kurma and Kulika are indeed mighty descendants of Kadru.
भीमसेनोग्रसेनौ च सुपर्णो वरुणस्तथा। गोपतिर्धृतराष्ट्रश्च सूर्यवर्चाश्च सप्तमः ॥१-५९-४१॥
Bhimasena, Ugrasena, Suparna, Varuna, the lord of cattle, Dhritarashtra, and Suryavarcha are mentioned as the seventh in the list.
पत्रवानर्कपर्णश्च प्रयुतश्चैव विश्रुतः। भीमश्चित्ररथश्चैव विख्यातः सर्वविद्वशी ॥१-५९-४२॥
Leafy Arkaparna, along with the famous Bhima and Chitraratha, are renowned and all-knowing.
तथा शालिशिरा राजन्प्रद्युम्नश्च चतुर्दशः। कलिः पञ्चदशश्चैव नारदश्चैव षोडशः ॥ इत्येते देवगन्धर्वा मौनेयाः परिकीर्तिताः ॥१-५९-४३॥
Thus, O king, the divine Gandharvas named Śāliśira, Pradyumna, Kali, and Nārada are proclaimed as the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth sons of Muni.
अतस्तु भूतान्यन्यानि कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत। अनवद्यामनुवशामनूनामरुणां प्रियाम् ॥ अनूपां सुभगां भासीमिति प्रावा व्यजायत ॥१-५९-४४॥
Therefore, O Bhārata, I will now praise other beings: Pravā, who is faultless, obedient, not inferior, reddish, dear, beautiful, fortunate, and shining, was born.
सिद्धः पूर्णश्च बर्ही च पूर्णाशश्च महायशाः। ब्रह्मचारी रतिगुणः सुपर्णश्चैव सप्तमः ॥१-५९-४५॥
The accomplished and complete Barhi, along with Purnasha, who is greatly renowned, celibate, and possesses the quality of delight, is indeed the seventh, Suparna.
विश्वावसुश्च भानुश्च सुचन्द्रो दशमस्तथा। इत्येते देवगन्धर्वाः प्रावेयाः परिकीर्तिताः ॥१-५९-४६॥
Viśvāvasu, Bhānu, and Sucandra are mentioned as the tenth among the divine Gandharvas known as Prāveyas.
इमं त्वप्सरसां वंशं विदितं पुण्यलक्षणम्। प्रावासूत महाभागा देवी देवर्षितः पुरा ॥१-५९-४७॥
In ancient times, the illustrious goddess bore the lineage of the Apsaras, known for its auspicious signs, as revealed by the divine sage.
अलम्बुसा मिश्रकेषी विद्युत्पर्णा तुलानघा। अरुणा रक्षिता चैव रम्भा तद्वन्मनोरमा ॥१-५९-४८॥
Alambusa, Miśrakeśī, Vidyutparṇā, Tulānaghā, Aruṇā, Rakṣitā, and Rambhā, as well as Manoramā, are mentioned.
असिता च सुबाहुश्च सुव्रता सुभुजा तथा। सुप्रिया चातिबाहुश्च विख्यातौ च हहाहुहू ॥ तुम्बुरुश्चेति चत्वारः स्मृता गन्धर्वसत्तमाः ॥१-५९-४९॥
Asita, Subahu, Suvrata, and Subhuja are renowned Gandharvas. Along with Supriya, Atibahu, Haha, Huhu, and Tumburu, they are remembered as the foremost among the Gandharvas.
अमृतं ब्राह्मणा गावो गन्धर्वाप्सरसस्तथा। अपत्यं कपिलायास्तु पुराणे परिकीर्तितम् ॥१-५९-५०॥
In the Purana, it is mentioned that nectar, Brahmins, cows, Gandharvas, and Apsaras are the offspring of Kapila.
इति ते सर्वभूतानां सम्भवः कथितो मया। यथावत्परिसङ्ख्यातो गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा ॥१-५९-५१॥
Thus, I have properly recounted to you the origin of all beings, as well as the enumeration of the Gandharvas and Apsaras.
भुजगानां सुपर्णानां रुद्राणां मरुतां तथा। गवां च ब्राह्मणानां च श्रीमतां पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥१-५९-५२॥
This verse refers to the various groups such as serpents, Suparnas, Rudras, Maruts, cows, Brahmins, and the illustrious ones who perform virtuous deeds.
आयुष्यश्चैव पुण्यश्च धन्यः श्रुतिसुखावहः। श्रोतव्यश्चैव सततं श्राव्यश्चैवानसूयता ॥१-५९-५३॥
Longevity, virtue, and blessedness bring joy to the ears. It should always be heard and be audible without any envy.
इमं तु वंशं नियमेन यः पठे; न्महात्मनां ब्राह्मणदेवसंनिधौ। अपत्यलाभं लभते स पुष्कलं; श्रियं यशः प्रेत्य च शोभनां गतिम् ॥१-५९-५४॥
Reciting this lineage with discipline in the presence of great souls, Brahmins, and gods, one gains abundant offspring, prosperity, fame, and an auspicious path after death.
