01.059
Library: Ancient lineage of Devas and Asuras.
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
atha nārāyaṇenendraścakāra saha saṁvidam। avatartuṁ mahīṁ svargādaṁśataḥ sahitaḥ suraiḥ ॥1-59-1॥
Then, Nārāyaṇa and Indra made an agreement to descend from heaven to earth, partially accompanied by the gods.
ādiśya ca svayaṃ śakraḥ sarvāneva divaukasaḥ| nirjagāma punastasmātkṣayānnārāyaṇasya ha ॥1-59-2॥
Indra, having given instructions to all the gods himself, departed once more from the abode of Nārāyaṇa.
te'marārivināśāya sarvalokahitāya ca। avateruḥ krameṇemāṃ mahīṃ svargādivaukasaḥ ॥1-59-3॥
The celestial beings descended from heaven to earth gradually for the destruction of the enemies of the gods and for the welfare of all beings.
tato brahmarṣivaṃśeṣu pārthivarṣikuleṣu ca। jajñire rājaśārdūla yathākāmaṃ divaukasaḥ ॥1-59-4॥
Then, O tiger among kings, celestial beings were born as desired in the lineages of Brahmarshis and royal families.
dānavān rākṣasāṁś caiva gandharvān pannagāṁs tathā। puruṣādāni cānyāni jaghnuḥ sattvāny anekaśaḥ ॥1-59-5॥
They slew numerous creatures, such as demons, ogres, celestial beings, serpents, man-eaters, and others.
dānavā rākṣasāścaiva gandharvāḥ pannagāstathā। na tānbalasthānbālye'pi jaghnurbharatasattama ॥1-59-6॥
O best of the Bharatas, even in their childhood, the demons, rakshasas, celestial musicians, and serpents could not kill those strong ones.
janamejaya uvāca॥
Janamejaya spoke:
devadānavasaṅghānāṃ gandharvāpsarasāṃ tathā। mānavānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ tathā vai yakṣarakṣasām ॥1-59-7॥
The groups of gods, demons, celestial musicians, nymphs, humans, and all beings, including yakshas and rakshasas, were present.
śrotum icchāmi tattvena sambhavam kṛtsnam āditaḥ। prāṇināṃ caiva sarveṣāṃ sarvaśaḥ sarvaviddhyasi ॥1-59-8॥
I wish to truly understand the complete origin of all beings from the beginning, as you are the knower of everything in every way.
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
hanta te kathayiṣyāmi namaskṛtvā svayambhuve। surādīnāmahaṃ samyaglokānāṃ prabhavāpyayam ॥1-59-9॥
Alas, I shall tell you, after saluting the self-born, about the true origin and dissolution of the worlds, including those of the gods and others.
brahmaṇo mānasāḥ putrā viditāḥ ṣaṇmaharṣayaḥ। marīciratryaṅgirasau pulastyaḥ pulahaḥ kratuḥ ॥1-59-10॥
The six great sages, known as the mind-born sons of Brahma, are Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu.
marīceḥ kaśyapaḥ putraḥ kaśyapāttu imāḥ prajāḥ। prajajñire mahābhāgā dakṣakanyāstrayodaśa ॥1-59-11॥
Kashyapa, the son of Marichi, had these thirteen illustrious daughters born from him, who were the daughters of Daksha.
aditirditirdanuḥ kālā anāyuḥ siṃhikā muniḥ। krodhā prāvā ariṣṭā ca vinatā kapilā tathā ॥1-59-12॥
Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kālā, Anāyuḥ, Siṃhikā, the sage, Krodhā, Prāvā, Ariṣṭā, and Vinatā, as well as Kapilā.
kadrūśca manujavyāghra dakṣakanyaiva bhārata| etāsāṃ vīryasampannaṃ putrapautramanantakam ॥1-59-13॥
Kadru and the daughter of Daksha, O tiger among men and descendant of Bharata, had endless progeny endowed with prowess.
adityāṃ dvādaśādityāḥ sambhūtā bhuvaneśvarāḥ। ye rājannāmatastāṃste kīrtayiṣyāmi bhārata ॥1-59-14॥
In Aditi, twelve Ādityas were born as the lords of the world. O king, I will recount their names to you, O Bhārata.
dhātā mitro'ryamā śakro varuṇaścaṃśa eva ca| bhago vivasvānpūṣā ca savitā daśamastathā ॥1-59-15॥
Dhātā, Mitra, Aryaman, Indra, Varuna, Aṃśa, Bhaga, Vivasvan, Pūṣā, and Savitā are the ten deities mentioned here.
ekādaśastathā tvaṣṭā viṣṇurdvādaśa ucyate। jaghanyajaḥ sa sarveṣāmādityānāṃ guṇādhikaḥ ॥1-59-16॥
Thus, Tvaṣṭā is the eleventh, and Viṣṇu is considered the twelfth. He is the youngest among all the Ādityas and is superior in qualities.
eka eva diteḥ putro hiraṇyakaśipuḥ smṛtaḥ। nāmnā khyātāstu tasyeme putrāḥ pañca mahātmanaḥ ॥1-59-17॥
Hiraṇyakaśipu is remembered as the only son of Diti. His five sons, known by name, are considered great souls.
prahrādaḥ pūrvajasteṣāṃ saṃhrādastadanantaram। anuhṛādastṛtīyo'bhūttasmācca śibibāṣkalau ॥1-59-18॥
Prahlada was the eldest among them, followed by Samhrada. Anuhrada was the third, and from him came Shibi and Baskala.
prahrādasya trayaḥ putrāḥ khyātāḥ sarvatra bhārata। virocanaśca kumbhaśca nikumbhaśceti viśrutāḥ ॥1-59-19॥
Prahlada had three sons who were famous everywhere, O Bharata: Virocana, Kumbha, and Nikumbha were well-known.
virocanasya putro'bhūdbalirekaḥ pratāpavān। baleśca prathitaḥ putro bāṇo nāma mahāsuraḥ ॥1-59-20॥
Virocana had a son named Bali, who was mighty. Bali, in turn, had a famous son named Bāṇa, who was a great demon.
catvāriṃśaddanoḥ putrāḥ khyātāḥ sarvatra bhārata। teṣāṃ prathama jo rājā vipracittirmahāyaśāḥ ॥1-59-21॥
O Bharata, the forty sons of Danu are renowned everywhere. Among them, the first-born is the king Vipracitti, who is greatly renowned.
śambaro namuciścaiva pulomā ceti viśrutaḥ। asilomā ca keśī ca durjayaścaiva dānavaḥ ॥1-59-22॥
Śambara, Namuci, Pulomā, Asiloma, Keśī, and Durjaya are renowned demons.
ayaḥśirā aśvaśirā ayaḥśaṅkuśca vīryavān। tathā gaganamūrdhā ca vegavānketumāṃśca yaḥ ॥1-59-23॥
The one who is iron-headed, horse-headed, iron-spiked, and powerful; also sky-headed and swift, with a banner.
svarbhānuraśvo'śvapativṛṣaparvājakastathā। aśvagrīvaśca sūkṣmaśca tuhuṇḍaśca mahāsuraḥ ॥1-59-24॥
Svarbhanu, the horse, the lord of horses, Vrishaparva, Ajaka, Ashvagriva, and Tuhunda are all great demons, subtle in nature.
isṛpā ekacakraśca virūpākṣo harāharau। nicandraśca nikumbhaśca kupathaḥ kāpathastathā ॥1-59-25॥
Isripa, Ekacakra, Virupaksha, Hara, Harau, Nicandra, Nikumbha, Kupatha, and Kapatha are mentioned here.
śarabhaḥ śalabhaścaiva sūryācandramasau tathā। iti khyātā danorvaṃśe dānavāḥ parikīrtitāḥ ॥ anyau tu khalu devānāṃ sūryācandramasau smṛtau ॥1-59-26॥
Sharabha, Shalabha, and the Sun and Moon are known as celebrated Danavas in the lineage of Danu. However, the Sun and Moon are also remembered among the gods.
ime ca vaṃśe prathitāḥ sattvavanto mahābalāḥ। danuputrā mahārāja daśa dānavapuṅgavāḥ ॥1-59-27॥
These ten sons of Danu, O great king, are famous in the lineage, endowed with strength and very powerful, being the foremost among the Danavas.
ekākṣo mṛtapā vīraḥ pralambanarakāvapi। vātāpiḥ śatrutapanaḥ śaṭhaścaiva mahāsuraḥ ॥1-59-28॥
The one-eyed hero, who drinks the dead, along with Pralamba and Naraka, also includes Vātāpi, the scorcher of enemies, deceitful and indeed a great demon.
gaviṣṭhaśca danāyuśca dīrghajihvaśca dānavaḥ। asaṅkhyeyāḥ smṛtāsteṣāṃ putrāḥ pautrāśca bhārata ॥1-59-29॥
Gavistha, Danayu, Dirghajihva, and Danava are remembered as having countless sons and grandsons, O Bharata.
siṃhikā suṣuve putraṃ rāhuṃ candrārkamardanam। sucandraṃ candrahantāraṃ tathā candravimardanam ॥1-59-30॥
Siṃhikā gave birth to her son Rāhu, who tormented the moon and sun, and also to Suchandra, who was known as the moon killer and tormentor.
krūrasvabhāvaṃ krūrāyāḥ putrapautramanantakam। gaṇaḥ krodhavaśo nāma krūrakarmārimardanaḥ ॥1-59-31॥
The group, known for its cruel nature and as the destroyer of the cruel one's descendants, is driven by anger and is named for its ruthless deeds and ability to crush enemies.
anāyuṣaḥ punaḥ putrāścatvāro'surapuṅgavāḥ| vikṣaro balavīrau ca vṛtraścaiva mahāsuraḥ ॥1-59-32॥
Anāyuṣa had four sons who were the foremost among the Asuras: Vikṣara, Balavīra, and Vṛtra, the great Asura.
kālāyāḥ prathitāḥ putrāḥ kālakalpāḥ prahāriṇaḥ। bhuvi khyātā mahāvīryā dānaveṣu parantapāḥ ॥1-59-33॥
The renowned sons of Kāla, resembling Kāla in might, are known on earth for their great strength and are feared among the demons as formidable warriors.
vināśanaśca krodhaśca hantā krodhasya cāparaḥ। krodhaśatrustathaivānyaḥ kāleyā iti viśrutāḥ ॥1-59-34॥
The Kāleyas are known as destroyers and embodiments of anger, killers of anger, and enemies of anger, each one distinct in their own right.
asurāṇām upādhyāyaḥ śukras tva ṛṣisuto'bhavat. khyātāś cośanasaḥ putrāś catvāro'surayājakāḥ ॥1-59-35॥
Śukra, the son of a sage, became the teacher of the demons. The four sons of Uśanas were renowned as priests of the demons.
tvaṣṭāvarastathātriśca dvāvanyau mantrakarmiṇau। tejasā sūryasaṅkāśā brahmalokaprabhāvanāḥ ॥1-59-36॥
Tvaṣṭā, who is excellent, along with three others and two performers of rituals, shine with brilliance like the sun, illuminating the realm of Brahma.
ityeṣa vaṃśaprabhavaḥ kathitaste tarasvinām। asurāṇāṃ surāṇāṃ ca purāṇe saṃśruto mayā ॥1-59-37॥
Thus, I have recounted to you the origin of the mighty lineage of both demons and gods, as it has been heard by me in the ancient Purana.
eteṣāṃ yadapatyaṃ tu na śakyaṃ tadaśeṣataḥ। prasaṅkhyātuṃ mahīpāla guṇabhūtamanantakam ॥1-59-38॥
O King, it is not possible to completely enumerate the offspring of these, who are endowed with infinite qualities.
tārkṣyaś cāriṣṭanemiś ca tathaiva garuḍāruṇau। āruṇir vāruṇiś caiva vainateyā iti smṛtāḥ ॥1-59-39॥
Tārkṣya, Ariṣṭanemi, Garuda, Aruna, Aruni, and Varuni are remembered as the sons of Vinata.
śeṣo'nanto vāsukiśca takṣakaśca bhujaṅgamaḥ| kūrmaśca kulikaścaiva kādraveyā mahābalāḥ ॥1-59-40॥
Shesha, Ananta, Vasuki, and Takshaka are serpents. Kurma and Kulika are indeed mighty descendants of Kadru.
bhīmasenograsenau ca suparṇo varuṇastathā। gopatirdhṛtarāṣṭraśca sūryavarcāśca saptamaḥ ॥1-59-41॥
Bhimasena, Ugrasena, Suparna, Varuna, the lord of cattle, Dhritarashtra, and Suryavarcha are mentioned as the seventh in the list.
patravān arkaparṇaś ca prayutaś caiva viśrutaḥ। bhīmaś citrarathaś caiva vikhyātaḥ sarvavidvaśī ॥1-59-42॥
Leafy Arkaparna, along with the famous Bhima and Chitraratha, are renowned and all-knowing.
tathā śāliśirā rājanpradyumnaśca caturdaśaḥ। kaliḥ pañcadaśaścaiva nāradaścaiva ṣoḍaśaḥ ॥ ityete devagandharvā mauneyāḥ parikīrtitāḥ ॥1-59-43॥
Thus, O king, the divine Gandharvas named Śāliśira, Pradyumna, Kali, and Nārada are proclaimed as the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth sons of Muni.
atastu bhūtānyanyāni kīrtayiṣyāmi bhārata। anavadyāmanuvaśāmanūnāmaruṇāṃ priyām ॥ anūpāṃ subhagāṃ bhāsīmiti prāvā vyajāyata ॥1-59-44॥
Therefore, O Bhārata, I will now praise other beings: Pravā, who is faultless, obedient, not inferior, reddish, dear, beautiful, fortunate, and shining, was born.
siddhaḥ pūrṇaśca barhī ca pūrṇāśaśca mahāyaśāḥ। brahmacārī ratiguṇaḥ suparṇaścaiva saptamaḥ ॥1-59-45॥
The accomplished and complete Barhi, along with Purnasha, who is greatly renowned, celibate, and possesses the quality of delight, is indeed the seventh, Suparna.
viśvāvasuśca bhānuśca sucandro daśamastathā| ityete devagandharvāḥ prāveyāḥ parikīrtitāḥ ॥1-59-46॥
Viśvāvasu, Bhānu, and Sucandra are mentioned as the tenth among the divine Gandharvas known as Prāveyas.
imaṁ tvapsarasāṁ vaṁśaṁ viditaṁ puṇyalakṣaṇam। prāvāsūta mahābhāgā devī devarṣitaḥ purā ॥1-59-47॥
In ancient times, the illustrious goddess bore the lineage of the Apsaras, known for its auspicious signs, as revealed by the divine sage.
alambusā miśrakeṣī vidyutparṇā tulānaghā| aruṇā rakṣitā caiva rambhā tadanmanoramā ॥1-59-48॥
Alambusa, Miśrakeśī, Vidyutparṇā, Tulānaghā, Aruṇā, Rakṣitā, and Rambhā, as well as Manoramā, are mentioned.
asitā ca subāhuśca suvratā subhujā tathā। supriyā cātibāhuśca vikhyātau ca hahāhuhū ॥ tumburuśceti catvāraḥ smṛtā gandharvasattamāḥ ॥1-59-49॥
Asita, Subahu, Suvrata, and Subhuja are renowned Gandharvas. Along with Supriya, Atibahu, Haha, Huhu, and Tumburu, they are remembered as the foremost among the Gandharvas.
amṛtaṃ brāhmaṇā gāvo gandharvāpsarasastathā| apatyaṃ kapilāyāstu purāṇe parikīrtitam ॥1-59-50॥
In the Purana, it is mentioned that nectar, Brahmins, cows, Gandharvas, and Apsaras are the offspring of Kapila.
iti te sarvabhūtānāṃ sambhavaḥ kathito mayā। yathāvatparisaṅkhyāto gandharvāpsarasāṃ tathā ॥1-59-51॥
Thus, I have properly recounted to you the origin of all beings, as well as the enumeration of the Gandharvas and Apsaras.
bhujagānāṃ suparṇānāṃ rudrāṇāṃ marutāṃ tathā। gavāṃ ca brāhmaṇānāṃ ca śrīmatāṃ puṇyakarmaṇām ॥1-59-52॥
This verse refers to the various groups such as serpents, Suparnas, Rudras, Maruts, cows, Brahmins, and the illustrious ones who perform virtuous deeds.
āyuṣyaścaiva puṇyaśca dhanyaḥ śrutisukhāvahaḥ। śrotavyaścaiva satataṃ śrāvyaścaivānasūyatā ॥1-59-53॥
Longevity, virtue, and blessedness bring joy to the ears. It should always be heard and be audible without any envy.
imaṁ tu vaṁśaṁ niyamena yaḥ paṭhe; namahātmanāṁ brāhmaṇadevasaṁnidhau| apatyalābhaṁ labhate sa puṣkalaṁ; śriyaṁ yaśaḥ pretya ca śobhanāṁ gatim ॥1-59-54॥
Reciting this lineage with discipline in the presence of great souls, Brahmins, and gods, one gains abundant offspring, prosperity, fame, and an auspicious path after death.
