01.195
Core-Pancharatra: Bheeshma advises to giving half the kingdom to Pandavas.
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; (name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
न रोचते विग्रहो मे पाण्डुपुत्रैः कथञ्चन। यथैव धृतराष्ट्रो मे तथा पाण्डुरसंशयम् ॥१-१९५-१॥
na rocate vigraho me pāṇḍuputraiḥ kathaṃcana। yathaiva dhṛtarāṣṭro me tathā pāṇḍurasaṃśayam ॥1-195-1॥
[न (na) - not; रोचते (rocate) - pleases; विग्रहः (vigrahaḥ) - conflict; मे (me) - to me; पाण्डुपुत्रैः (pāṇḍuputraiḥ) - by the sons of Pāṇḍu; कथञ्चन (kathaṃcana) - in any way; यथा (yathā) - just as; एव (eva) - indeed; धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra; मे (me) - to me; तथा (tathā) - so; पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - Pāṇḍu; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt;]
(Not pleases conflict to me by the sons of Pāṇḍu in any way. Just as indeed Dhṛtarāṣṭra to me, so Pāṇḍu without doubt.)
I do not at all like conflict with the sons of Pāṇḍu. Just as Dhṛtarāṣṭra is to me, so is Pāṇḍu, without doubt.
गान्धार्याश्च यथा पुत्रास्तथा कुन्तीसुता मताः। यथा च मम ते रक्ष्या धृतराष्ट्र तथा तव ॥१-१९५-२॥
gāndhāryāś ca yathā putrās tathā kuntīsutā matāḥ। yathā ca mama te rakṣyā dhṛtarāṣṭra tathā tava ॥1-195-2॥
[गान्धार्याः (gāndhāryāḥ) - of Gandhari; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - just as; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; तथा (tathā) - so; कुन्ती-सुताः (kuntī-sutāḥ) - Kunti's sons; मताः (matāḥ) - are considered; यथा (yathā) - just as; च (ca) - and; मम (mama) - my; ते (te) - these; रक्ष्याः (rakṣyāḥ) - to be protected; धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; तथा (tathā) - so; तव (tava) - your;]
(Of Gandhari and just as sons, so Kunti's sons are considered; just as also my these to be protected, Dhritarashtra, so your.)
O Dhritarashtra, just as the sons of Gandhari are considered sons, so also are the sons of Kunti; just as my sons are to be protected, so too are yours.
यथा च मम राज्ञश्च तथा दुर्योधनस्य ते। तथा कुरूणां सर्वेषामन्येषामपि भारत ॥१-१९५-३॥
yathā ca mama rājñaśca tathā duryodhanasya te। tathā kurūṇāṃ sarveṣāmanyeṣāmapi bhārata ॥1-195-3॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; च (ca) - and; मम (mama) - my; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - so; दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana; ते (te) - your; तथा (tathā) - so; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others; अपि (api) - also; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Just as for me and for the king, so for Duryodhana, for you; so for all the Kurus, and for others also, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, just as it is for me and the king, so it is for Duryodhana and for you; likewise for all the Kurus and for others as well.
एवं गते विग्रहं तैर्न रोचये; सन्धाय वीरैर्दीयतामद्य भूमिः। तेषामपीदं प्रपितामहानां; राज्यं पितुश्चैव कुरूत्तमानाम् ॥१-१९५-४॥
evaṃ gate vigrahaṃ tair na rocaye; sandhāya vīrair dīyatām adya bhūmiḥ. teṣām apīdaṃ prapitāmahānāṃ; rājyaṃ pituś caiva kurūttamānām ॥1-195-4॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; गते (gate) - having gone; विग्रहं (vigrahaṃ) - conflict; तैः (taiḥ) - by them; न (na) - not; रोचये (rocaye) - I approve; सन्धाय (sandhāya) - having made peace; वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes; दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given; अद्य (adya) - today; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - land; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; अपि (api) - also; इदं (idaṃ) - this; प्रपितामहानाम् (prapitāmahānām) - of the great-grandfathers; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; कुरूत्तमानाम् (kurūttamānām) - of the best of Kurus;]
(Thus, with the conflict having occurred, I do not approve of it by them; having made peace by heroes, let the land be given today. Of them also, this (land) of the great-grandfathers, the kingdom of the father and indeed of the best of Kurus.)
Thus, since the conflict has happened, I do not approve of it by them; let the heroes make peace and give the land today. This kingdom, belonging to their great-grandfathers, their father, and the best of the Kurus, should be given to them.
दुर्योधन यथा राज्यं त्वमिदं तात पश्यसि। मम पैतृकमित्येवं तेऽपि पश्यन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥१-१९५-५॥
duryodhana yathā rājyaṃ tvam idaṃ tāta paśyasi। mama paitṛkam ity evaṃ te 'pi paśyanti pāṇḍavāḥ ॥1-195-5॥
[दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; (proper noun); यथा (yathā) - just as; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; त्वम् (tvam) - you; इदं (idaṃ) - this; तात (tāta) - O father; पश्यसि (paśyasi) - see; मम (mama) - my; पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral; इति (iti) - thus; एवम् (evam) - in this way; ते (te) - they; अपि (api) - also; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - see; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas;]
(Duryodhana, just as you, O father, see this kingdom as yours, as ancestral, in this way the Pāṇḍavas also see (it).)
Duryodhana, just as you, O father, consider this kingdom to be your ancestral right, in the same way the Pāṇḍavas also see it as theirs.
यदि राज्यं न ते प्राप्ताः पाण्डवेयास्तपस्विनः। कुत एव तवापीदं भारतस्य च कस्यचित् ॥१-१९५-६॥
yadi rājyaṃ na te prāptāḥ pāṇḍaveyās tapasvinaḥ। kuta eva tavāpīdaṃ bhāratasya ca kasyacit ॥1-195-6॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; न (na) - not; ते (te) - to you; प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained; पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu; तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics; कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where; एव (eva) - indeed; तव (tava) - to you; अपि (api) - also; इदं (idaṃ) - this; भारतस्य (bhāratāsya) - of Bhārata; च (ca) - and; कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone;]
(If the kingdom has not been obtained by the ascetic sons of Pāṇḍu, then from where indeed is this for you, or for anyone else of Bhārata?)
If the ascetic sons of Pāṇḍu have not obtained the kingdom, then how could you or anyone else of the Bhārata lineage have it?
अथ धर्मेण राज्यं त्वं प्राप्तवान्भरतर्षभ। तेऽपि राज्यमनुप्राप्ताः पूर्वमेवेति मे मतिः ॥१-१९५-७॥
atha dharmeṇa rājyaṃ tvaṃ prāptavān bharatarṣabha। te'pi rājyam anuprāptāḥ pūrvam eveti me matiḥ ॥1-195-7॥
[अथ (atha) - now; then; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; by dharma; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; sovereignty; त्वम् (tvaṃ) - you; प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - have obtained; have acquired; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; best of the Bharatas; ते (te) - they; अपि (api) - also; even; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; sovereignty; अनुप्राप्ताः (anuprāptāḥ) - have obtained; have acquired; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; previously; एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; इति (iti) - thus; so; मे (me) - my; मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion; thought;]
(Now, by righteousness, you have obtained the kingdom, O bull among the Bharatas. They also have obtained the kingdom previously indeed—thus is my opinion.)
Now, O best of the Bharatas, you have obtained the kingdom through righteousness. In my opinion, they too had already obtained the kingdom before.
मधुरेणैव राज्यस्य तेषामर्धं प्रदीयताम्। एतद्धि पुरुषव्याघ्र हितं सर्वजनस्य च ॥१-१९५-८॥
madhureṇaiva rājyasya teṣām ardhaṃ pradīyatām। etad dhi puruṣavyāghra hitaṃ sarvajanasya ca ॥1-195-8॥
[मधुरेणैव (madhureṇaiva) - by sweetness only; राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; अर्धम् (ardham) - half; प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given; एतत् (etat) - this; हि (hi) - indeed; पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - tiger among men; हितम् (hitam) - welfare; सर्वजनस्य (sarvajanasya) - of all people; च (ca) - and;]
(By sweetness only, let half of the kingdom be given to them. This indeed, O tiger among men, is the welfare of all people and.)
Let half of the kingdom be given to them with gentleness. This, O tiger among men, is truly for the welfare of all people.
अतोऽन्यथा चेत्क्रियते न हितं नो भविष्यति। तवाप्यकीर्तिः सकला भविष्यति न संशयः ॥१-१९५-९॥
ato'nyathā cet kriyate na hitaṃ no bhaviṣyati. tavāpyakīrtiḥ sakalā bhaviṣyati na saṃśayaḥ ॥1-195-9॥
[अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; चेत् (cet) - if; क्रियते (kriyate) - is done; न (na) - not; हितम् (hitam) - benefit; नः (naḥ) - for us; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be; तव (tava) - your; अपि (api) - also; अकीर्तिः (akīrtiḥ) - ill-fame; सकला (sakalā) - entire; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(Therefore, if otherwise is done, not benefit for us will be. Your also ill-fame entire will be, not doubt.)
Therefore, if it is done otherwise, there will be no benefit for us. Your entire ill-fame will also arise, without doubt.
कीर्तिरक्षणमातिष्ठ कीर्तिर्हि परमं बलम्। नष्टकीर्तेर्मनुष्यस्य जीवितं ह्यफलं स्मृतम् ॥१-१९५-१०॥
kīrtirakṣaṇamātiṣṭha kīrtirhi paramaṃ balam। naṣṭakīrtermanuṣyasya jīvitaṃ hyaphalaṃ smṛtam ॥1-195-10॥
[कीर्ति (kīrti) - fame; रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection; आतिष्ठ (ātiṣṭha) - undertake; कीर्ति (kīrti) - fame; हि (hi) - indeed; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; बलम् (balam) - strength; नष्ट (naṣṭa) - lost; कीर्तेः (kīrteḥ) - of fame; मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man; जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life; हि (hi) - indeed; अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless; स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is considered;]
(Undertake the protection of fame; for fame indeed is the supreme strength. The life of a man whose fame is lost is indeed considered fruitless.)
Uphold your reputation, for fame is the greatest strength. A man whose reputation is lost is considered to have a fruitless life.
यावत्कीर्तिर्मनुष्यस्य न प्रणश्यति कौरव। तावज्जीवति गान्धारे नष्टकीर्तिस्तु नश्यति ॥१-१९५-११॥
yāvatkīrtirmanuṣyasya na praṇaśyati kaurava। tāvajjīvati gāndhāre naṣṭakīrtistu naśyati ॥1-195-11॥
[यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame; मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man; न (na) - not; प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes; कौरव (kaurava) - O Kaurava; तावत् (tāvat) - so long; जीवति (jīvati) - lives; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O Gandhari; नष्टकीर्तिः (naṣṭakīrtiḥ) - one whose fame is lost; तु (tu) - but; नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes;]
(As long as the fame of a man does not perish, O Kaurava, so long he lives, O Gandhari; but one whose fame is lost perishes.)
O Kaurava, as long as a man's fame does not perish, he lives, O Gandhari; but one whose fame is lost perishes.
तमिमं समुपातिष्ठ धर्मं कुरुकुलोचितम्। अनुरूपं महाबाहो पूर्वेषामात्मनः कुरु ॥१-१९५-१२॥
tam imaṃ samupātiṣṭha dharmaṃ kurukulochitam। anurūpaṃ mahābāho pūrveṣām ātmanaḥ kuru ॥1-195-12॥
[तम् (tam) - that; (accusative singular masculine pronoun; इमम् (imam) - this; (accusative singular masculine pronoun; समुपातिष्ठ (samupātiṣṭha) - approach; (imperative 2nd person singular of sam-upa-√sthā; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - duty; righteousness; (accusative singular; कुरुकुलोचितम् (kurukulochitam) - befitting the Kuru lineage; (accusative singular neuter; अनुरूपम् (anurūpam) - suitable; appropriate; (accusative singular neuter; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; (vocative singular; पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancestors; (genitive plural; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of your own self; (genitive singular; कुरु (kuru) - do; perform; (imperative 2nd person singular;]
(That, this, approach (perform) the duty befitting the Kuru lineage; suitable, O mighty-armed, of the ancestors, of your own self, do.)
O mighty-armed one, perform this duty befitting the Kuru lineage, suitable to your own self and to your ancestors.
दिष्ट्या धरन्ति ते वीरा दिष्ट्या जीवति सा पृथा। दिष्ट्या पुरोचनः पापो नसकामोऽत्ययं गतः ॥१-१९५-१३॥
diṣṭyā dharanti te vīrā diṣṭyā jīvati sā pṛthā। diṣṭyā purocanaḥ pāpo nasakāmo'tyayaṃ gataḥ ॥1-195-13॥
[दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by fortune; by good luck; धरन्ति (dharanti) - they bear; they endure; ते (te) - your; those; वीरा (vīrāḥ) - heroes; warriors; दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by fortune; by good luck; जीवति (jīvati) - lives; is alive; सा (sā) - she; पृथा (pṛthā) - Pṛthā; Kuntī; दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by fortune; by good luck; पुरोचनः (purocanaḥ) - Purocana; (the) architect; पापः (pāpaḥ) - wicked; evil; नसकामः (nasakāmaḥ) - desiring our destruction; अत्ययम् (atyayam) - danger; calamity; गतः (gataḥ) - has gone; has passed;]
(By fortune your heroes endure; by fortune she, Pṛthā, lives; by fortune the wicked Purocana, desiring our destruction, has passed from danger.)
By good fortune, your heroes have survived; by good fortune, Kuntī is alive; by good fortune, the wicked Purocana who sought our destruction has perished.
तदा प्रभृति गान्धारे न शक्नोम्यभिवीक्षितुम्। लोके प्राणभृतां कञ्चिच्छ्रुत्वा कुन्तीं तथागताम् ॥१-१९५-१४॥
tadā prabhṛti gāndhāre na śaknomyabhivīkṣitum। loke prāṇabhṛtāṃ kañcicchrutvā kuntīṃ tathāgatām ॥1-195-14॥
[तदा (tadā) - then; प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from that time; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - in Gandhara; न (na) - not; शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able; अभिवीक्षितुम् (abhivīkṣitum) - to behold; लोके (loke) - in the world; प्राणभृताम् (prāṇabhṛtām) - of living beings; कञ्चित् (kañcit) - any; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; कुन्तीम् (kuntīm) - Kunti; तथागताम् (tathāgatām) - having gone thus (departed);]
(Then from that time in Gandhara I am not able to behold any of the living beings in the world, having heard that Kunti has departed thus.)
From that time in Gandhara, I have not been able to see any living being in the world, having heard that Kunti has passed away.
न चापि दोषेण तथा लोको वैति पुरोचनम्। यथा त्वां पुरुषव्याघ्र लोको दोषेण गच्छति ॥१-१९५-१५॥
na cāpi doṣeṇa tathā loko vaiti purocanam। yathā tvāṃ puruṣavyāghra loko doṣeṇa gacchati ॥1-195-15॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by fault; तथा (tathā) - thus; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the people; वैति (vaiti) - know; पुरोचनम् (purocanam) - Purocana; यथा (yathā) - as; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - tiger among men; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the people; दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by fault; गच्छति (gacchati) - go; ॥१-१९५-१५॥ (॥1-195-15॥) - ;]
(Not and also by fault thus the people know Purocana. As you, tiger among men, the people by fault go.)
The people do not consider Purocana as much at fault; but, O tiger among men, the people blame you for the fault.
तदिदं जीवितं तेषां तव कल्मषनाशनम्। संमन्तव्यं महाराज पाण्डवानां च दर्शनम् ॥१-१९५-१६॥
tad idaṃ jīvitaṃ teṣāṃ tava kalmaṣanāśanam। saṃmantavyaṃ mahārāja pāṇḍavānāṃ ca darśanam ॥1-195-16॥
[तत् (tat) - that; इदं (idaṃ) - this; जीवितं (jīvitaṃ) - life; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; तव (tava) - your; कल्मषनाशनम् (kalmaṣanāśanam) - sin-destroying; संमन्तव्यं (saṃmantavyam) - to be considered; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas; च (ca) - and; दर्शनम् (darśanam) - sight;]
(That this life of theirs is your sin-destroying; to be considered, O great king, the sight of the Pāṇḍavas also.)
O great king, you should consider that the very sight of the Pāṇḍavas is life-giving and destroys your sins.
न चापि तेषां वीराणां जीवतां कुरुनन्दन। पित्र्योंऽशः शक्य आदातुमपि वज्रभृता स्वयम् ॥१-१९५-१७॥
na cāpi teṣāṃ vīrāṇāṃ jīvatāṃ kurunandana। pitryo'ṃśaḥ śakya ādātumapi vajrabhṛtā svayam ॥1-195-17॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; तेषां (teṣām) - of those; वीराणां (vīrāṇām) - of the heroes; जीवतां (jīvatām) - living; कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus; पित्र्यः (pitryaḥ) - ancestral; अंशः (aṃśaḥ) - portion; शक्य (śakya) - possible; आदातुम् (ādātum) - to take; अपि (api) - even; वज्रभृता (vajrabhṛtā) - by the wielder of the thunderbolt; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself;]
(Not even by the wielder of the thunderbolt himself is it possible to take the ancestral portion of those living heroes, O delight of the Kurus.)
O Kurunandana, not even Indra himself could take away the ancestral share of those living heroes.
ते हि सर्वे स्थिता धर्मे सर्वे चैवैकचेतसः। अधर्मेण निरस्ताश्च तुल्ये राज्ये विशेषतः ॥१-१९५-१८॥
te hi sarve sthitā dharme sarve caivaikacētasaḥ। adharmeṇa niras tāś ca tulye rājye viśēṣataḥ॥1-195-18॥
[ते (te) - they; हि (hi) - indeed; सर्वे (sarve) - all; स्थिता (sthitāḥ) - situated; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; सर्वे (sarve) - all; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; एकचेतसः (ekacētasaḥ) - of one mind; अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by adharma; निरस्ताः (niras tāḥ) - cast out; च (ca) - and; तुल्ये (tulye) - in equal; राज्ये (rājye) - in kingdom; विशेषतः (viśēṣataḥ) - especially;]
(They indeed all are situated in dharma, all and indeed of one mind; by adharma cast out and, in equal kingdom especially.)
They are all established in dharma, united in mind; those cast out by adharma, especially in an equal kingdom.
यदि धर्मस्त्वया कार्यो यदि कार्यं प्रियं च मे। क्षेमं च यदि कर्तव्यं तेषामर्धं प्रदीयताम् ॥१-१९५-१९॥
yadi dharmastvayā kāryo yadi kāryaṃ priyaṃ ca me। kṣemaṃ ca yadi kartavyaṃ teṣām ardhaṃ pradīyatām ॥1-195-19॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - to be done; यदि (yadi) - if; कार्यं (kāryam) - action; प्रियं (priyaṃ) - dear; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - to me; क्षेमं (kṣemaṃ) - welfare; च (ca) - and; यदि (yadi) - if; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; अर्धं (ardhaṃ) - half; प्रदीयताम् (pradīyatām) - let it be given;]
(If righteousness is to be done by you, if action dear to me and welfare is to be done, let half of it be given to them.)
If you must act righteously, if you must do what is dear to me and ensure welfare, then let half of it be given to them.
