02.005
Pancharatra: Narada’s teaching of Raja Dharma to Yudhisthira.

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

तथा तत्रोपविष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु। महत्सु चोपविष्टेषु गन्धर्वेषु च भारत ॥२-५-१॥

tathā tatropaviṣṭeṣu pāṇḍaveṣu mahātmasu। mahatsu copaviṣṭeṣu gandharveṣu ca bhārata ॥2-5-1॥

[तथा (tathā) - thus; तत्र (tatra) - there; उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - among those seated; पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - among the Pāṇḍavas; महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the great-souled; महत्सु (mahatsu) - among the great; च (ca) - and; उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - among those seated; गन्धर्वेषु (gandharveṣu) - among the Gandharvas; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Thus, there among those seated, among the Pāṇḍavas, among the great-souled, and among the great, and among those seated, among the Gandharvas, and, O Bhārata.)

Thus, O Bhārata, among those seated there—the Pāṇḍavas, the great-souled ones, and the Gandharvas.

लोकाननुचरन्सर्वानागमत्तां सभामृषिः। नारदः सुमहातेजा ऋषिभिः सहितस्तदा ॥२-५-२॥

lokān anucarann sarvān āgamat tām sabhām ṛṣiḥ। nāradaḥ sumahātejā ṛṣibhiḥ sahitaḥ tadā ॥2-5-2॥

[लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; (accusative plural of loka) अनुचरन् (anucarann) - moving after; following; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; (accusative plural of sarva) आगमत् (āgamat) - came; (3rd person singular past of ā-gam) तां (tām) - that; (accusative singular feminine) सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly; (accusative singular feminine) ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada; (proper noun, nominative singular) सुमहातेजाः (sumahātejāḥ) - of great brilliance; (nominative singular masculine) ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - with sages; (instrumental plural) सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied; तदा (tadā) - then;]

(The sage, having followed all the worlds, came to that assembly. Nārada, of great brilliance, then, accompanied by sages.)

The sage, having traversed all the worlds, came to that assembly. At that time, the highly radiant Nārada, accompanied by sages, arrived. (2-5-2)

पारिजातेन राजेन्द्र रैवतेन च धीमता। सुमुखेन च सौम्येन देवर्षिरमितद्युतिः ॥ सभास्थान्पाण्डवान्द्रष्टुं प्रीयमाणो मनोजवः ॥२-५-३॥

pārijātena rājendra raivatena ca dhīmatā। sumukhena ca saumyena devarṣiramitadyutiḥ ॥ sabhāsthān pāṇḍavān draṣṭuṃ prīyamāṇo manojavaḥ ॥2-5-3॥

[पारिजातेन (pārijātena) - by Pārijāta; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; रैवतेन (raivatena) - by Raivata; च (ca) - and; धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise; सुमुखेन (sumukhena) - by Sumukha; च (ca) - and; सौम्येन (saumyena) - by the gentle; देवर्षि (devarṣi) - the divine sage; अमितद्युतिः (amitadyutiḥ) - of immeasurable splendor; सभास्थान् (sabhāsthān) - assembly places; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas; द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see; प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased; मनोजवः (manojavaḥ) - swift as the mind;]

(By Pārijāta, O king, by Raivata and the wise, by Sumukha and the gentle, the divine sage of immeasurable splendor, being pleased, swift as the mind, went to the assembly places to see the Pāṇḍavas.)

O king, accompanied by Pārijāta, Raivata, Sumukha, and other wise and gentle sages, the divine sage of immeasurable splendor, swift as the mind and pleased, went to the assembly to see the Pāṇḍavas. (2-5-3)

तमागतमृषिं दृष्ट्वा नारदं सर्वधर्मवित्। सहसा पाण्डवश्रेष्ठः प्रत्युत्थायानुजैः सह ॥ अभ्यवादयत प्रीत्या विनयावनतस्तदा ॥२-५-४॥

tamāgatam ṛṣiṃ dṛṣṭvā nāradaṃ sarvadharmavit। sahasā pāṇḍavaśreṣṭhaḥ pratyutthāyānujaiḥ saha॥ abhyavādayata prītyā vinayāvanatastadā॥2-5-4॥

[तम् (tam) - him; आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived; ऋषिं (ṛṣiṃ) - sage; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; नारदम् (nāradaṃ) - Nārada; सर्वधर्मवित् (sarvadharmavit) - knower of all dharmas; सहसा (sahasā) - immediately; पाण्डवश्रेष्ठः (pāṇḍavaśreṣṭhaḥ) - the best among the Pāṇḍavas; प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen to meet; अनुजैः (anujaiḥ) - with younger brothers; सह (saha) - together; अभ्यवादयत् (abhyavādayat) - saluted; प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection; विनयावनतः (vinayāvanataḥ) - bowed with humility; तदा (tadā) - then;]

(Having seen the sage Nārada, the knower of all dharmas, having arrived, immediately the best among the Pāṇḍavas, having risen together with his younger brothers, saluted him with affection, then bowed with humility.)

When the best among the Pāṇḍavas saw the sage Nārada, the knower of all dharmas, had arrived, he immediately rose together with his younger brothers, greeted him affectionately, and bowed with humility. (2-5-4)

तदर्हमासनं तस्मै सम्प्रदाय यथाविधि। अर्चयामास रत्नैश्च सर्वकामैश्च धर्मवित् ॥२-५-५॥

tadarhamāsanaṃ tasmai sampradāya yathāvidhi। arcayāmāsa ratnaiś ca sarvakāmaiś ca dharmavit ॥2-5-5॥

[तत् (tat) - that; अर्हम् (arham) - worthy; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; तस्मै (tasmai) - to him; सम्प्रदाय (sampradāya) - having given; यथा (yathā) - according to; विधि (vidhi) - rule; अर्चयामास (arcayāmāsa) - he worshipped; रत्नैः (ratnaiḥ) - with jewels; च (ca) - and; सर्वकामैः (sarvakāmaiḥ) - with all desirable things; च (ca) - and; धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of dharma;]

(That worthy seat to him having given according to rule, he worshipped with jewels and with all desirable things, the knower of dharma.)

He gave that worthy seat to him as prescribed by rule, and the knower of dharma worshipped him with jewels and all desirable things. (2-5-5)

सोऽर्चितः पाण्डवैः सर्वैर्महर्षिर्वेदपारगः। धर्मकामार्थसंयुक्तं पप्रच्छेदं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥२-५-६॥

so'rcitaḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sarvair maharṣir vedapāragaḥ। dharmakāmārthasaṃyuktaṃ papracchedaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram ॥2-5-6॥

[सः (saḥ) - he; अर्चितः (arcitaḥ) - honored; पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas; सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all; महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - the great sage; वेदपारगः (vedapāragaḥ) - one who has crossed (mastered) the Vedas; धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; काम (kāma) - desire; अर्थ (artha) - wealth; संयुक्तं (saṃyuktam) - joined with; पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked; इदम् (idam) - this; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(He, honored by all the Pāṇḍavas, the great sage, master of the Vedas, asked this, joined with righteousness, desire, and wealth, to Yudhiṣṭhira.)

The great sage, honored by all the Pāṇḍavas and master of the Vedas, asked Yudhiṣṭhira this question, which was related to righteousness, desire, and wealth. (2-5-6)

नारद उवाच॥

nārada uvāca॥

[नारद (nārada) - Nārada; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]

(Nārada said;)

Nārada said.

कच्चिदर्थाश्च कल्पन्ते धर्मे च रमते मनः। सुखानि चानुभूयन्ते मनश्च न विहन्यते ॥२-५-७॥

kaccidarthāś ca kalpante dharme ca ramate manaḥ। sukhāni cānubhūyante manaś ca na vihanyate ॥2-5-7॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - objects; च (ca) - and; कल्पन्ते (kalpante) - are obtained; धर्मे (dharme) - in righteousness; च (ca) - and; रमते (ramate) - delights; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; च (ca) - and; अनुभूयन्ते (anubhūyante) - are experienced; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; विहन्यते (vihanyate) - is distressed;]

(Whether objects are obtained and the mind delights in righteousness; pleasures are experienced and the mind is not distressed.)

Are the desired objects being obtained, does your mind delight in righteousness, are pleasures being experienced, and is your mind not distressed? (2-5-7)

कच्चिदाचरितां पूर्वैर्नरदेव पितामहैः। वर्तसे वृत्तिमक्षीणां धर्मार्थसहितां नृषु ॥२-५-८॥

kaccid ācaritāṃ pūrvair naradeva pitāmahaiḥ। vartase vṛttim akṣīṇāṃ dharmārthasahitāṃ nṛṣu ॥2-5-8॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आचरिताम् (ācaritām) - practiced; पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the former; नरदेव (naradeva) - O king; पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - by ancestors; वर्तसे (vartase) - do you follow; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - conduct; अक्षीणाम् (akṣīṇām) - unimpaired; धर्मार्थसहिताम् (dharmārthasahitām) - endowed with dharma and artha; नृषु (nṛṣu) - among men;]

(Whether the conduct practiced by the former ancestors, O king, do you follow that unimpaired conduct endowed with dharma and artha among men?)

O king, do you follow, among men, the unimpaired conduct practiced by your ancestors, which is endowed with righteousness and prosperity? (2-5-8)

कच्चिदर्थेन वा धर्मं धर्मेणार्थमथापि वा। उभौ वा प्रीतिसारेण न कामेन प्रबाधसे ॥२-५-९॥

kaccid arthenā vā dharmaṃ dharmeṇārtham athāpi vā। ubhau vā prītisāreṇa na kāmena prabādhase ॥2-5-9॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अर्थेन (arthena) - by wealth; वा (vā) - or; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; अर्थम् (artham) - wealth; अथ (atha) - or; अपि (api) - also; वा (vā) - or; उभौ (ubhau) - both; वा (vā) - or; प्रीतिसारेण (prītisāreṇa) - with essence of affection; न (na) - not; कामेन (kāmena) - by desire; प्रबाधसे (prabādhase) - do you overpower;]

(Whether by wealth or by righteousness, or by righteousness wealth, or both, or with the essence of affection, do you not overpower (them) by desire?)

Do you, by wealth or by righteousness, or by righteousness wealth, or both, or with the essence of affection, not overpower (them) by desire? (2-5-9)

कच्चिदर्थं च धर्मं च कामं च जयतां वर। विभज्य काले कालज्ञ सदा वरद सेवसे ॥२-५-१०॥

kaccid arthaṃ ca dharmaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca jayatāṃ vara। vibhajya kāle kālajña sadā varada sevase ॥2-5-10॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अर्थम् (artham) - purpose; च (ca) - and; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; कामम् (kāmam) - desire; च (ca) - and; जयताम् (jayatām) - of the victorious; वर (vara) - best; विभज्य (vibhajya) - having divided; काले (kāle) - in time; कालज्ञ (kālajña) - knower of time; सदा (sadā) - always; वरद (varada) - giver of boons; सेवसे (sevase) - you serve;]

(Whether, purpose and righteousness and desire, O best of the victorious, having divided in time, O knower of time, always, O giver of boons, you serve.)

O best among the victorious, do you always serve purpose, righteousness, and desire, dividing them according to time, O knower of time and giver of boons? (2-5-10)

कच्चिद्राजगुणैः षड्भिः सप्तोपायांस्तथानघ। बलाबलं तथा सम्यक्चतुर्दश परीक्षसे ॥२-५-११॥

kaccidrājaguṇaiḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ saptopāyāṃstathānagha| balābalaṃ tathā samyakcaturdaśa parīkṣase ॥2-5-11॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; राजगुणैः (rājaguṇaiḥ) - by the six royal qualities; षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhiḥ) - by six; सप्त (sapta) - seven; उपायान् (upāyān) - means; तथा (tathā) - also; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; बल (bala) - strength; अबलं (abalaṃ) - weakness; तथा (tathā) - also; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen; परीक्षसे (parīkṣase) - do you examine;]

(Whether, by the six royal qualities, by the six, and also the seven means, O sinless one, strength and weakness also, properly, the fourteen, do you examine?)

O sinless one, do you properly examine the fourteen (matters) by the six royal qualities and the seven means, as well as strength and weakness? (2-5-11)

कच्चिदात्मानमन्वीक्ष्य परांश्च जयतां वर। तथा सन्धाय कर्माणि अष्टौ भारत सेवसे ॥२-५-१२॥

kaccid ātmānam anvīkṣya parāṃś ca jayatāṃ vara। tathā sandhāya karmāṇi aṣṭau bhārata sevase ॥2-5-12॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; अन्वीक्ष्य (anvīkṣya) - having examined; परान् (parān) - others; च (ca) - and; जयताम् (jayatām) - of the victorious; वर (vara) - best; तथा (tathā) - thus; सन्धाय (sandhāya) - having arranged; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सेवसे (sevase) - do you perform;]

(Whether, having examined oneself and others, O best of the victorious, thus arranging the eight actions, O Bhārata, do you perform (them)?)

O Bhārata, best among the victorious, do you, after examining yourself and others, thus arrange and perform the eight actions? (2-5-12)

कच्चित्प्रकृतयः षट्ते न लुप्ता भरतर्षभ। आढ्यास्तथाव्यसनिनः स्वनुरक्ताश्च सर्वशः ॥२-५-१३॥

kaccit prakṛtayaḥ ṣaṭ te na luptā bharatarṣabha। āḍhyās tathā vyasaninaḥ svanuraktāś ca sarvaśaḥ ॥2-5-13॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - ministers; षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; ते (te) - your; न (na) - not; लुप्ता (luptā) - lost; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; आढ्याः (āḍhyāḥ) - wealthy; तथा (tathā) - also; व्यसनिनः (vyasaninaḥ) - afflicted by misfortune; स्वनुरक्ताः (svanuraktāḥ) - devoted to you; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely;]

(Whether your six ministers, O best of the Bharatas, have not been lost, who are wealthy, also afflicted by misfortune, entirely devoted to you;)

O best of the Bharatas, are your six ministers, who are wealthy, also afflicted by misfortune, and entirely devoted to you, all still with you and not lost? (2-5-13)

कच्चिन्न तर्कैर्दूतैर्वा ये चाप्यपरिशङ्किताः। त्वत्तो वा तव वामात्यैर्भिद्यते जातु मन्त्रितम् ॥२-५-१४॥

kaccinna tarkairdūtairvā ye cāpyapariśaṅkitāḥ। tvatto vā tava vāmātyairbhidyate jātu mantritam ॥2-5-14॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; तर्कैः (tarkaiḥ) - by conjectures; दूतैः (dūtaiḥ) - by messengers; वा (vā) - or; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अपरिशङ्किताः (apariśaṅkitāḥ) - not suspicious; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you; वा (vā) - or; तव (tava) - your; वा (vā) - or; अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers; भिद्यते (bhidyate) - is divulged; जातु (jātu) - ever; मन्त्रितम् (mantritam) - counsel;]

(Whether or not the counsel is ever divulged by conjectures or by messengers, or by those who are not suspicious, or from you, or by your ministers.)

Is your counsel ever revealed by conjecture, by messengers, by unsuspecting persons, by yourself, or by your ministers? (2-5-14)

कच्चित्सन्धिं यथाकालं विग्रहं चोपसेवसे। कच्चिद्वृत्तिमुदासीने मध्यमे चानुवर्तसे ॥२-५-१५॥

kaccitsaṃdhiṃ yathākālaṃ vigrahaṃ copasevase। kaccidvṛttimudāsīne madhyame cānuvar­tase ॥2-5-15॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; सन्धिं (saṃdhiṃ) - alliance; union; यथा (yathā) - as; according to; कालं (kālaṃ) - time; season; विग्रहं (vigrahaṃ) - hostility; conflict; च (ca) - and; उपसेवसे (upasevase) - do you attend to; do you serve; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - conduct; livelihood; उदासीने (udāsīne) - towards the neutral; towards the indifferent; मध्यमे (madhyame) - towards the middle; towards the mediator; च (ca) - and; अनुवर्तसे (anuvartase) - do you follow; do you comply with;]

(Whether you attend to alliance at the proper time and to conflict; whether you follow the conduct towards the neutral and towards the mediator.)

Do you properly attend to alliances at the right time and to hostilities? Do you also follow the proper conduct towards neutrals and mediators? (2-5-15)

कच्चिदात्मसमा बुद्ध्या शुचयो जीवितक्षमाः। कुलीनाश्चानुरक्ताश्च कृतास्ते वीर मन्त्रिणः ॥२-५-१६॥

kaccid ātmasamā buddhyā śucayo jīvitakṣamāḥ। kulīnāś cānuraktāś ca kṛtās te vīra mantriṇaḥ ॥2-5-16॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आत्मसमा (ātmasamā) - equal to yourself; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - in intellect; शुचयः (śucayaḥ) - pure; जीवितक्षमाः (jīvitakṣamāḥ) - capable of sacrificing life; कुलीनाः (kulīnāḥ) - noble by birth; च (ca) - and; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - devoted; च (ca) - and; कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - appointed; ते (te) - your; वीर (vīra) - O hero; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers;]

(Whether your ministers, O hero, appointed (by you), are equal to yourself in intellect, pure, capable of sacrificing life, noble by birth, and devoted.)

O hero, are your ministers, whom you have appointed, equal to yourself in intellect, pure, capable of giving up their lives, noble by birth, and devoted to you? (2-5-16)

विजयो मन्त्रमूलो हि राज्ञां भवति भारत। सुसंवृतो मन्त्रधनैरमात्यैः शास्त्रकोविदैः ॥२-५-१७॥

vijayo mantramūlo hi rājñāṃ bhavati bhārata। susaṃvṛto mantradhanairamātyaiḥ śāstrakovidaiḥ ॥2-5-17॥

[विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory; मन्त्र-मूलः (mantra-mūlaḥ) - rooted in counsel; हि (hi) - indeed; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सुसंवृतः (susaṃvṛtaḥ) - well-protected; मन्त्र-धनैः (mantra-dhanaiḥ) - by those rich in counsel; अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers; शास्त्र-कोविदैः (śāstra-kovidaiḥ) - by those skilled in śāstra;]

(Victory indeed becomes of kings, O Bhārata, rooted in counsel, well-protected by ministers rich in counsel and skilled in śāstra.)

O Bhārata, victory for kings is truly rooted in wise counsel, and is well-guarded by ministers who are wealthy in counsel and skilled in the śāstras. (2-5-17)

कच्चिन्निद्रावशं नैषि कच्चित्काले विबुध्यसे। कच्चिच्चापररात्रेषु चिन्तयस्यर्थमर्थवित् ॥२-५-१८॥

kaccinnidrāvaśaṃ naiṣi kaccitkāle vibudhyase। kacciccāpararātreṣu cintayasyarthamarthavit ॥2-5-18॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; निद्रा-अवशम् (nidrā-vaśam) - under the control of sleep; न (na) - not; एषि (eṣi) - you go; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; काले (kāle) - at the proper time; विबुध्यसे (vibudhyase) - you awaken; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; च (ca) - and; अपररात्रेषु (apararātreṣu) - in the latter part of the night; चिन्तयस्य् (cintayasi) - you think; अर्थम् (artham) - about the matter; अर्थवित् (arthavit) - O knower of purpose;]

(Whether you do not go under the control of sleep, whether you awaken at the proper time, and whether in the latter part of the night, O knower of purpose, you think about the matter.)

Do you not fall under the sway of sleep? Do you wake up at the right time? And, O knower of purpose, do you reflect upon the matter in the latter part of the night? (2-5-18)

कच्चिन्मन्त्रयसे नैकः कच्चिन्न बहुभिः सह। कच्चित्ते मन्त्रितो मन्त्रो न राष्ट्रमनुधावति ॥२-५-१९॥

kaccin mantrayase naikaḥ kaccin na bahubhiḥ saha। kaccit te mantrito mantro na rāṣṭram anudhāvati ॥2-5-19॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; मन्त्रयसे (mantrayase) - you consult; न (na) - not; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many; सह (saha) - together; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ते (te) - to you; मन्त्रितः (mantritaḥ) - deliberated; मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - counsel; न (na) - not; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom; अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - is not being followed;]

(Whether you consult not alone, whether not with many together; whether the counsel deliberated to you, the kingdom does not follow.)

Do you ever consult alone, or do you always consult with many? Is the counsel that has been deliberated for you not being followed by the kingdom? (2-5-19)

कच्चिदर्थान्विनिश्चित्य लघुमूलान्महोदयान्। क्षिप्रमारभसे कर्तुं न विघ्नयसि तादृशान् ॥२-५-२०॥

kaccid arthān viniścitya laghu-mūlān mahodayān। kṣipram ārabhase kartuṃ na vighnayasi tādṛśān ॥2-5-20॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes; विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having ascertained; लघु-मूलान् (laghu-mūlān) - of small root; महत्-उदयान् (mahat-udayān) - of great result; क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly; आरभसे (ārabhase) - you undertake; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; न (na) - not; विघ्नयसि (vighnayasi) - you cause obstacles; तादृशान् (tādṛśān) - such;]

(Whether, having ascertained purposes of small root and great result, you quickly undertake to do (them), and do not cause such obstacles.)

Do you, after carefully determining purposes that have small beginnings but great outcomes, promptly undertake to act on them and not create such obstacles? (2-5-20)

कच्चिन्न सर्वे कर्मान्ताः परोक्षास्ते विशङ्किताः। सर्वे वा पुनरुत्सृष्टाः संसृष्टं ह्यत्र कारणम् ॥२-५-२१॥

kaccinna sarve karmāntāḥ parokṣāste viśaṅkitāḥ। sarve vā punarutsṛṣṭāḥ saṃsṛṣṭaṃ hyatra kāraṇam ॥2-5-21॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; सर्वे (sarve) - all; कर्मान्ताः (karmāntāḥ) - ends of actions; परोक्षाः (parokṣāḥ) - hidden; ते (te) - they; विशङ्किताः (viśaṅkitāḥ) - suspected; सर्वे (sarve) - all; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; उत्सृष्टाः (utsṛṣṭāḥ) - abandoned; संसृष्टम् (saṃsṛṣṭam) - mixed; हि (hi) - indeed; अत्र (atra) - here; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause;]

(Whether not all ends of actions are hidden, they are suspected; or are all again abandoned? Mixed indeed here is the cause.)

Is it that not all the ends of actions are hidden and suspected? Or have all again been abandoned? For here, indeed, the cause is mixed. (2-5-21)

कच्चिद्राजन्कृतान्येव कृतप्रायाणि वा पुनः। विदुस्ते वीर कर्माणि नानवाप्तानि कानिचित् ॥२-५-२२॥

kaccidrājan kṛtānyeva kṛtaprāyāṇi vā punaḥ। viduste vīra karmāṇi nānavāptāni kānicit ॥2-5-22॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; राजन् (rājan) - O king; कृतानि (kṛtāni) - done; एव (eva) - indeed; कृतप्रायाणि (kṛtaprāyāṇi) - mostly accomplished; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; विदुः (viduḥ) - know; ते (te) - your; वीर (vīra) - hero; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - deeds; न (na) - not; अनवाप्तानि (anavāptāni) - not attained; कानिचित् (kānicit) - any;]

(Whether, O king, your heroic deeds, which are indeed done or mostly accomplished again, are known, or whether any of your deeds are not attained.)

O king, do people know of your heroic deeds, whether they are all accomplished or mostly done, or is there any deed of yours that remains unaccomplished? (2-5-22)

कच्चित्कारणिकाः सर्वे सर्वशास्त्रेषु कोविदाः। कारयन्ति कुमारांश्च योधमुख्यांश्च सर्वशः ॥२-५-२३॥

kaccit kāraṇikāḥ sarve sarvaśāstreṣu kovidāḥ। kārayanti kumārāṃś ca yodhamukhyāṃś ca sarvaśaḥ ॥2-5-23॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; कारणिकाः (kāraṇikāḥ) - officials; सर्वे (sarve) - all; सर्वशास्त्रेषु (sarvaśāstreṣu) - in all sciences; कोविदाः (kovidāḥ) - skilled; कारयन्ति (kārayanti) - cause to be done; कुमारान् (kumārān) - princes; च (ca) - and; योधमुख्यान् (yodhamukhyān) - chief warriors; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every way;]

(Whether all the officials, skilled in all sciences, cause the princes and chief warriors to be engaged in every way.)

Are all the officials, who are skilled in all sciences, ensuring that the princes and chief warriors are engaged in every way? (2-5-23)

कच्चित्सहस्रैर्मूर्खाणामेकं क्रीणासि पण्डितम्। पण्डितो ह्यर्थकृच्छ्रेषु कुर्यान्निःश्रेयसं परम् ॥२-५-२४॥

kaccit sahasrair mūrkhāṇām ekaṃ krīṇāsi paṇḍitam | paṇḍito hy arthakṛcchreṣu kuryān niḥśreyasaṃ param ||2-5-24||

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; सहस्रैः (sahasraiḥ) - by thousands; मूर्खाणाम् (mūrkhāṇām) - of fools; एकम् (ekam) - one; क्रीणासि (krīṇāsi) - you buy; पण्डितम् (paṇḍitam) - a wise man; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise man; हि (hi) - indeed; अर्थकृच्छ्रेषु (arthakṛcchreṣu) - in financial difficulties; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do; निःश्रेयसम् (niḥśreyasam) - supreme good; परम् (param) - highest;]

(Whether you buy one wise man for thousands of fools; for a wise man indeed would do the highest supreme good in financial difficulties.)

Do you ever purchase a single wise man for thousands of fools? For a wise man alone can bring about the highest good in times of financial hardship. (2-5-24)

कच्चिद्दुर्गाणि सर्वाणि धनधान्यायुधोदकैः। यन्त्रैश्च परिपूर्णानि तथा शिल्पिधनुर्धरैः ॥२-५-२५॥

kaccid durgāṇi sarvāṇi dhana-dhānya-āyudha-udakaiḥ। yantraiś ca paripūrṇāni tathā śilpi-dhanur-dharaiḥ ॥2-5-25॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; दुर्गाणि (durgāṇi) - fortresses; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; धन (dhana) - wealth; धान्य (dhānya) - grain; आयुध (āyudha) - weapons; उदकैः (udakaiḥ) - with water; यन्त्रैः (yantraiḥ) - with machines; च (ca) - and; परिपूर्णानि (paripūrṇāni) - filled; तथा (tathā) - also; शिल्पि (śilpi) - artisans; धनुर्धरैः (dhanur-dharaiḥ) - archers;]

(Whether all the fortresses are filled with wealth, grain, weapons, water, machines, and also with artisans and archers.)

Are all the fortresses well supplied with wealth, grain, weapons, water, machines, and also with artisans and archers? (2-5-25)

एकोऽप्यमात्यो मेधावी शूरो दान्तो विचक्षणः। राजानं राजपुत्रं वा प्रापयेन्महतीं श्रियम् ॥२-५-२६॥

eko'pyamātyo medhāvī śūro dānto vicakṣaṇaḥ। rājānaṃ rājaputraṃ vā prāpayan mahatīṃ śriyam ॥2-5-26॥

[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; अपि (api) - even; अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise; शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - discerning; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - prince; वा (vā) - or; प्रापयेत् (prāpayet) - may cause to attain; महतीम् (mahatīm) - great; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity;]

(Even one wise, brave, self-controlled, and discerning minister may cause the king or the prince to attain great prosperity.)

Even a single minister who is wise, brave, self-controlled, and discerning can bring great prosperity to the king or the prince. (2-5-26)

कच्चिदष्टादशान्येषु स्वपक्षे दश पञ्च च। त्रिभिस्त्रिभिरविज्ञातैर्वेत्सि तीर्थानि चारकैः ॥२-५-२७॥

kaccidaṣṭādaśānyeṣu svapakṣe daśa pañca ca। tribhistribhiravijñātairvetsi tīrthāni cārakaiḥ ॥2-5-27॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अष्टादश (aṣṭādaśa) - eighteen; अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - among others; स्वपक्षे (svapakṣe) - in your own side; दश (daśa) - ten; पञ्च (pañca) - five; च (ca) - and; त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three; त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three; अविज्ञातैः (avijñātaiḥ) - unknown; वेत्सि (vetsi) - do you know; तीर्थानि (tīrthāni) - posts; चारकैः (cārakaiḥ) - by spies;]

(Whether, among the other eighteen (kinds), in your own side, ten and five, by three and three unknown (persons), do you know the posts by spies?)

Do you, among the other eighteen types, have ten and five on your own side, and do you know the posts through three and three unknown spies? (2-5-27)

कच्चिद्द्विषामविदितः प्रतियत्तश्च सर्वदा। नित्ययुक्तो रिपून्सर्वान्वीक्षसे रिपुसूदन ॥२-५-२८॥

kaccid dviṣām aviditaḥ pratiyattaś ca sarvadā। nityayukto ripūn sarvān vīkṣase ripusūdana ॥2-5-28॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; द्विषाम् (dviṣām) - of enemies; अविदितः (aviditaḥ) - unknown; प्रतियत्तः (pratiyattaḥ) - prepared; च (ca) - and; सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; नित्ययुक्तः (nityayuktaḥ) - ever-engaged; रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; वीक्षसे (vīkṣase) - you observe; रिपुसूदन (ripusūdana) - O destroyer of enemies;]

(Whether, of enemies, unknown, prepared, and, always; ever-engaged, enemies, all, you observe, O destroyer of enemies;)

O destroyer of enemies, are you always prepared and ever-vigilant, observing all your enemies without their knowledge? (2-5-28)

कच्चिद्विनयसम्पन्नः कुलपुत्रो बहुश्रुतः। अनसूयुरनुप्रष्टा सत्कृतस्ते पुरोहितः ॥२-५-२९॥

kaccid vinaya-sampannaḥ kulaputro bahuśrutaḥ। anasūyur anuprṣṭā satkṛtas te purohitaḥ ॥2-5-29॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; विनयसम्पन्नः (vinaya-sampannaḥ) - endowed with humility; कुलपुत्रः (kulaputraḥ) - son of a noble family; बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - well-versed in scriptures; अनसूयुः (anasūyuḥ) - free from envy; अनुप्रष्टा (anuprṣṭā) - one who is to be consulted; सत्कृतः (satkṛtaḥ) - respected; ते (te) - your; पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - priest;]

(Whether your priest, who is endowed with humility, son of a noble family, well-versed in scriptures, free from envy, one who is to be consulted, and respected, (is so).)

Is your priest, who is endowed with humility, born in a noble family, learned in the scriptures, free from envy, worthy of consultation, and respected, (well)? (2-5-29)

कच्चिदग्निषु ते युक्तो विधिज्ञो मतिमानृजुः। हुतं च होष्यमाणं च काले वेदयते सदा ॥२-५-३०॥

kaccid agniṣu te yukto vidhijño matimān ṛjuḥ। hutaṃ ca hoṣyamāṇaṃ ca kāle vedayate sadā ॥2-5-30॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अग्निषु (agniṣu) - in the fires; ते (te) - your; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - appointed; विधिज्ञः (vidhijñaḥ) - knower of procedure; मतिमान् (matimān) - intelligent; ऋजुः (ṛjuḥ) - upright; हुतम् (hutam) - offered (oblation); च (ca) - and; होष्यमाणम् (hoṣyamāṇam) - to be offered; च (ca) - and; काले (kāle) - at the proper time; वेदयते (vedayate) - informs; सदा (sadā) - always;]

(Whether your appointed, procedure-knowing, intelligent, upright (priest) in the fires always informs (you) at the proper time about what has been offered and what is to be offered.)

Is your appointed priest, who knows the procedures, is intelligent and upright, always informing you at the proper time about what has been offered and what is yet to be offered in the fires? (2-5-30)

कच्चिदङ्गेषु निष्णातो ज्योतिषां प्रतिपादकः। उत्पातेषु च सर्वेषु दैवज्ञः कुशलस्तव ॥२-५-३१॥

kaccidaṅgeṣu niṣṇāto jyotiṣāṃ pratipādakaḥ। utpāteṣu ca sarveṣu daivajñaḥ kuśalastava ॥2-5-31॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अङ्गेषु (aṅgeṣu) - in the limbs (branches); निष्णातः (niṣṇātaḥ) - well-versed; ज्योतिषाम् (jyotiṣām) - of astrology; प्रतिपादकः (pratipādakaḥ) - expounder; उत्पातेषु (utpāteṣu) - in portents; च (ca) - and; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all; दैवज्ञः (daivajñaḥ) - astrologer; कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether in the limbs (branches) well-versed, of astrology expounder, in portents and in all, astrologer skilled your.)

Is your astrologer well-versed in all the branches, an expounder of astrology, and skilled in interpreting all portents? (2-5-31)

कच्चिन्मुख्या महत्स्वेव मध्यमेषु च मध्यमाः। जघन्याश्च जघन्येषु भृत्याः कर्मसु योजिताः ॥२-५-३२॥

kaccinmukhyā mahatsveva madhyameṣu ca madhyamāḥ। jaghanyāśca jaghanyeṣu bhṛtyāḥ karmasu yojitāḥ ॥2-5-32॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; मुख्याः (mukhyāḥ) - chiefs; महत्सु (mahatsu) - among the great; एव (eva) - indeed; मध्यमेषु (madhyameṣu) - among the middle; च (ca) - and; मध्यमाः (madhyamāḥ) - the middle ones; जघन्याः (jaghanyāḥ) - the lowest; च (ca) - and; जघन्येषु (jaghanyeṣu) - among the lowest; भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - servants; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in tasks; योजिताः (yojitāḥ) - are employed;]

(Whether the chiefs are indeed among the great, the middle ones among the middle, and the lowest among the lowest, servants are employed in tasks.)

Are the chief servants assigned to the greatest tasks, the middle ones to the middling tasks, and the lowest to the lowest tasks? (2-5-32)

अमात्यानुपधातीतान्पितृपैतामहाञ्शुचीन्। श्रेष्ठाञ्श्रेष्ठेषु कच्चित्त्वं नियोजयसि कर्मसु ॥२-५-३३॥

amātyān-upadhā-tītān-pitṛ-paitāmahān-śucīn। śreṣṭhān-śreṣṭheṣu kaccit-tvaṃ niyojayasi karmasu ॥2-5-33॥

[अमात्यान् (amātyān) - ministers; उपधातीतान् (upadhā-tītān) - free from deceit; पितृपैतामहान् (pitṛ-paitāmahān) - inherited from father and grandfather; शुचीन् (śucīn) - pure; श्रेष्ठान् (śreṣṭhān) - excellent; श्रेष्ठेषु (śreṣṭheṣu) - among the best; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; त्वम् (tvaṃ) - you; नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - appoint; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in duties;]

(Ministers free from deceit, inherited from father and grandfather, pure, excellent—among the best—whether you appoint in duties?)

Do you appoint ministers who are pure, free from deceit, and inherited from your father and grandfather—those who are the best among the excellent—in the most important duties? (2-5-33)

कच्चिन्नोग्रेण दण्डेन भृशमुद्वेजितप्रजाः। राष्ट्रं तवानुशासन्ति मन्त्रिणो भरतर्षभ ॥२-५-३४॥

kaccinnogreṇa daṇḍena bhṛśamudvejitaprajāḥ। rāṣṭraṃ tavānuśāsanti mantriṇo bharatarṣabha ॥2-5-34॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; उग्रेण (ugreṇa) - by harsh; दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - punishment; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - excessively; उद्वेजित (udvejita) - disturbed; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; त्व (tva) - your; अनुशासन्ति (anuśāsanti) - govern; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O bull among the Bharatas;]

(Whether not by harsh punishment excessively disturbed subjects kingdom your govern ministers O bull among the Bharatas.)

O best of the Bharatas, do your ministers govern your kingdom without excessively disturbing the subjects by harsh punishments? (2-5-34)

कच्चित्त्वां नावजानन्ति याजकाः पतितं यथा। उग्रप्रतिग्रहीतारं कामयानमिव स्त्रियः ॥२-५-३५॥

kaccittvāṃ nāvajānanti yājakāḥ patitaṃ yathā। ugrapratigrahītāraṃ kāmayānamiva striyaḥ ॥2-5-35॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; न (na) - not; अवजानन्ति (avajānanti) - disregard; याजकाः (yājakāḥ) - sacrificers; पतितम् (patitam) - fallen; यथा (yathā) - as; उग्रप्रतिग्रहीतारम् (ugrapratigrahītāram) - one who accepts fierce gifts; कामयानम् (kāmayānam) - desiring; इव (iva) - like; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women;]

(Whether the sacrificers do not disregard you as fallen, as women disregard one who accepts fierce gifts, desiring (him) like (that).)

Do the sacrificers perhaps not disregard you as fallen, just as women disregard a man who accepts fierce gifts, even if they desire him? (2-5-35)

कच्चिद्धृष्टश्च शूरश्च मतिमान्धृतिमाञ्शुचिः। कुलीनश्चानुरक्तश्च दक्षः सेनापतिस्तव ॥२-५-३६॥

kacciddhṛṣṭaśca śūraśca matimāndhṛtimāñśuciḥ। kulīnaścānuraktaśca dakṣaḥ senāpatistava ॥2-5-36॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; धृष्टः (dhṛṣṭaḥ) - bold; च (ca) - and; शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic; च (ca) - and; मतिमान् (matimān) - intelligent; धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - steadfast; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - noble-born; च (ca) - and; अनुरक्तः (anuraktaḥ) - devoted; च (ca) - and; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - skilful; सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - commander; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether your commander is bold and heroic and intelligent, steadfast, pure, noble-born, devoted, and skilful.)

Is your commander bold, heroic, intelligent, steadfast, pure, noble-born, devoted, and skilful? (2-5-36)

कच्चिद्बलस्य ते मुख्याः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः। दृष्टापदाना विक्रान्तास्त्वया सत्कृत्य मानिताः ॥२-५-३७॥

kaccid balasya te mukhyāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ। dṛṣṭāpadānā vikrāntās tvayā satkṛtya mānitāḥ ॥2-5-37॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; बलस्य (balasya) - of the army; ते (te) - your; मुख्याः (mukhyāḥ) - chiefs; सर्वे (sarve) - all; युद्धविशारदाः (yuddhaviśāradāḥ) - skilled in battle; दृष्टापदाना (dṛṣṭāpadānā) - who have seen adversity; विक्रान्ताः (vikrāntāḥ) - valiant; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya) - having honored; मानिताः (mānitāḥ) - respected;]

(Whether all the chiefs of your army, skilled in battle, who have seen adversity and are valiant, have been honored and respected by you?)

Have all the principal warriors of your army, who are skilled in battle, experienced in adversity, and valiant, been duly honored and respected by you? (2-5-37)

कच्चिद्बलस्य भक्तं च वेतनं च यथोचितम्। सम्प्राप्तकालं दातव्यं ददासि न विकर्षसि ॥२-५-३८॥

kaccid balasya bhaktaṃ ca vetanaṃ ca yathocitam। samprāpta-kālaṃ dātavyaṃ dadāsi na vikarṣasi ॥2-5-38॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; बलस्य (balasya) - of the army; भक्तम् (bhaktam) - food; च (ca) - and; वेतनम् (vetanam) - wages; च (ca) - and; यथोचितम् (yathocitam) - as appropriate; सम्प्राप्तकालम् (samprāpta-kālam) - at the proper time; दातव्यम् (dātavyam) - to be given; ददासि (dadāsi) - you give; न (na) - not; विकर्षसि (vikarṣasi) - you withhold;]

(Whether the food and wages of the army, as appropriate, at the proper time, to be given, you give, not you withhold.)

Do you ensure that the food and wages of the army are given appropriately and on time, and that you do not withhold them? (2-5-38)

कालातिक्रमणाद्ध्येते भक्तवेतनयोर्भृताः। भर्तुः कुप्यन्ति दौर्गत्यात्सोऽनर्थः सुमहान्स्मृतः ॥२-५-३९॥

kālātikramaṇāddhyete bhaktavetanayorbhṛtāḥ। bhartuḥ kupyanti daurgatyāt so'narthaḥ sumahānsmṛtaḥ ॥2-5-39॥

[कालातिक्रमणात् (kālātikramaṇāt) - from transgressing time; हि (hi) - indeed; एते (ete) - these; भक्तवेतनयोः (bhaktavetanayoḥ) - of food and wages; भृताः (bhṛtāḥ) - servants; भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the master; कुप्यन्ति (kupyanti) - become angry; दौर्गत्यात् (daurgatyāt) - from poverty; सः (saḥ) - that; अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune; सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered;]

(From transgressing time indeed these servants of food and wages become angry at the master from poverty; that misfortune is considered very great.)

When the payment of food and wages is delayed, these servants become angry with their master due to poverty; such a misfortune is regarded as very great. (2-5-39)

कच्चित्सर्वेऽनुरक्तास्त्वां कुलपुत्राः प्रधानतः। कच्चित्प्राणांस्तवार्थेषु सन्त्यजन्ति सदा युधि ॥२-५-४०॥

kaccitsarve'nuraktāstvāṃ kulaputrāḥ pradhānataḥ। kaccitprāṇāṃstavārtheṣu santyajanti sadā yudhi ॥2-5-40॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; सर्वे (sarve) - all; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - attached; त्वाम् (tvām) - to you; कुलपुत्राः (kulaputrāḥ) - sons of the family; प्रधानतः (pradhānataḥ) - chiefly; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; तव (tava) - for you; अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - for the purposes; सदा (sadā) - always; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; सन्त्यजन्ति (santyajanti) - abandon;]

(Whether all the sons of the family are chiefly attached to you? Whether they always abandon their lives in battle for your purposes?)

Are all the sons of the family especially devoted to you? Do they always risk their lives in battle for your sake? (2-5-40)

कच्चिन्नैको बहूनर्थान्सर्वशः साम्परायिकान्। अनुशास्सि यथाकामं कामात्मा शासनातिगः ॥२-५-४१॥

kaccinnaiko bahūnarthānsarvaśaḥ sāmparāyikān। anuśāssi yathākāmaṃ kāmātmā śāsanātigaḥ ॥2-5-41॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; बहून् (bahūn) - many; अर्थान् (arthān) - objects; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely; साम्परायिकान् (sāmparāyikān) - relating to future; अनुशास्सि (anuśāssi) - do you instruct; यथा (yathā) - as; कामम् (kāmam) - desire; कामात्मा (kāmātmā) - one whose self is desire; शासनातिगः (śāsanātigaḥ) - transgressor of command;]

(Whether not alone many objects entirely relating to future do you instruct as desire one whose self is desire transgressor of command.)

Do you, being driven by desire and transgressing commands, instruct many matters relating entirely to the future just as you wish, all by yourself? (2-5-41)

कच्चित्पुरुषकारेण पुरुषः कर्म शोभयन्। लभते मानमधिकं भूयो वा भक्तवेतनम् ॥२-५-४२॥

kaccitpuruṣakāreṇa puruṣaḥ karma śobhayān। labhate mānamadhikaṃ bhūyo vā bhaktavetanam ॥2-5-42॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by personal effort; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; कर्म (karma) - action; शोभयन् (śobhayān) - adorning; लभते (labhate) - obtains; मानम् (mānam) - honor; अधिकम् (adhikam) - greater; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more; वा (vā) - or; भक्तवेतनम् (bhaktavetanam) - servant's wage;]

(Whether by personal effort a man, adorning action, obtains honor greater or more servant's wage.)

Does a man, by his own effort, enhance his actions and thereby gain greater honor or merely the wages of a servant? (2-5-42)

कच्चिद्विद्याविनीतांश्च नराञ्ज्ञानविशारदान्। यथार्हं गुणतश्चैव दानेनाभ्यवपद्यसे ॥२-५-४३॥

kaccid vidyā-vinītāṁś ca narāñ jñāna-viśāradān। yathārhaṁ guṇataś caiva dānenābhyavapadyase ॥2-5-43॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge; विनीतान् (vinītān) - trained; च (ca) - and; नरान् (narān) - men; ज्ञान (jñāna) - wisdom; विशारदान् (viśāradān) - skilled; यथा (yathā) - as; अर्हम् (arham) - deserving; गुणतः (guṇataḥ) - according to qualities; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; दानेन (dānena) - by gifts; अभ्यवपद्यसे (abhyavapadyase) - do you honor;]

(Whether you honor men who are trained in knowledge and skilled in wisdom, as is proper, according to their qualities and indeed by gifts.)

Do you honor men who are trained in knowledge and skilled in wisdom, giving them gifts as is proper according to their qualities? (2-5-43)

कच्चिद्दारान्मनुष्याणां तवार्थे मृत्युमेयुषाम्। व्यसनं चाभ्युपेतानां बिभर्षि भरतर्षभ ॥२-५-४४॥

kacciddārān manuṣyāṇāṃ tavārthe mṛtyumeyuṣām। vyasanaṃ cābhyupetānāṃ bibharṣi bharatarṣabha ॥2-5-44॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; दारान् (dārān) - wives; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; तव (tava) - for your; अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake; मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death; एयुषाम् (eyuṣām) - of those who have died; व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - distress; च (ca) - and; अभ्युपेतानाम् (abhyupetānām) - of those who have encountered; बिभर्षि (bibharṣi) - do you bear; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]

(Whether, for your sake, do you bear the distress of the wives of men who have met with death and of those who have encountered calamity, O best of the Bharatas?)

O best of the Bharatas, do you bear the distress of the wives of men who have died for your sake and of those who have encountered calamity? (2-5-44)

कच्चिद्भयादुपनतं क्लीबं वा रिपुमागतम्। युद्धे वा विजितं पार्थ पुत्रवत्परिरक्षसि ॥२-५-४५॥

kaccid bhayād upanataṃ klībaṃ vā ripum āgatam। yuddhe vā vijitaṃ pārtha putravat parirakṣasi ॥2-5-45॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; उपनतम् (upanatam) - approached; क्लीबम् (klībam) - unmanly; वा (vā) - or; रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy; आगतम् (āgatam) - come; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; वा (vā) - or; विजितम् (vijitam) - conquered; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like a son; परिरक्षसि (parirakṣasi) - you protect;]

(Whether, from fear, one who has approached, or an unmanly enemy who has come, or in battle one who is conquered, O Pārtha, like a son, you protect.)

O Pārtha, do you protect, like a son, an enemy who has approached out of fear, or one who is unmanly, or one who has been conquered in battle? (2-5-45)

कच्चित्त्वमेव सर्वस्याः पृथिव्याः पृथिवीपते। समश्च नाभिशङ्क्यश्च यथा माता यथा पिता ॥२-५-४६॥

kaccittvameva sarvasyāḥ pṛthivyāḥ pṛthivīpate। samaśca nābhiśaṅkyaśca yathā mātā yathā pitā ॥2-5-46॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) त्वम् (tvam) - you; एव (eva) - indeed; only; सर्वस्याः (sarvasyāḥ) - of all; पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth; पृथिवी-पते (pṛthivī-pate) - O lord of the earth; समः (samaḥ) - equal; impartial; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अभिशङ्क्यः (abhiśaṅkyaḥ) - to be doubted; suspicious; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - just as; माता (mātā) - mother; यथा (yathā) - just as; पिता (pitā) - father;]

(Whether indeed you alone, O lord of the earth, are impartial and not to be doubted towards all of the earth, just as a mother, just as a father.)

O lord of the earth, are you truly impartial and above suspicion towards all your subjects, just as a mother or a father would be? (2-5-46)

कच्चिद्व्यसनिनं शत्रुं निशम्य भरतर्षभ। अभियासि जवेनैव समीक्ष्य त्रिविधं बलम् ॥२-५-४७॥

kaccid vyasaninaṃ śatruṃ niśamya bharatarṣabha। ab hiyāsi javenaiva samīkṣya trividhaṃ balam ॥2-5-47॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; व्यसनिनम् (vyasaninam) - afflicted; शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy; निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; अभियासि (abhiyāsi) - do you attack; जवेन (javena) - with speed; एव (eva) - indeed; समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having examined; त्रिविधम् (trividham) - threefold; बलम् (balam) - force;]

(Whether, having heard of the afflicted enemy, O best of the Bharatas, do you attack with speed indeed, having examined the threefold force?)

O best of the Bharatas, after hearing about the enemy in distress, do you attack swiftly, having carefully assessed the threefold forces? (2-5-47)

पार्ष्णिमूलं च विज्ञाय व्यवसायं पराजयम्। बलस्य च महाराज दत्त्वा वेतनमग्रतः ॥२-५-४८॥

pārṣṇimūlaṃ ca vijñāya vyavasāyaṃ parājayam। balasya ca mahārāja dattvā vetanamagrataḥ ॥2-5-48॥

[पार्ष्णिमूलम् (pārṣṇimūlam) - root of the heel; च (ca) - and; विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood; व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - effort; पराजयम् (parājayam) - defeat; बलस्य (balasya) - of the army; च (ca) - and; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; वेतनम् (vetanam) - wages; अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front;]

(Having understood the root of the heel, effort, and defeat, and having given the wages in front of the army, O great king.)

O great king, having understood the root of the heel, the effort, and the defeat, and having given the wages in front of the army.

कच्चिच्च बलमुख्येभ्यः परराष्ट्रे परन्तप। उपच्छन्नानि रत्नानि प्रयच्छसि यथार्हतः ॥२-५-४९॥

kaccic ca balamukhyebhyaḥ pararāṣṭre parantapa। upacchannāni ratnāni prayacchasi yathārhataḥ ॥2-5-49॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; च (ca) - and; बलमुख्येभ्यः (balamukhyebhyaḥ) - to the chiefs of the army; परराष्ट्रे (pararāṣṭre) - in the enemy country; परन्तप (parantapa) - O scorcher of foes; उपच्छन्नानि (upacchannāni) - hidden; रत्नानि (ratnāni) - gems; प्रयच्छसि (prayacchasi) - do you give; यथार्हतः (yathārhataḥ) - as is appropriate;]

(Whether and to the chiefs of the army in the enemy country, O scorcher of foes, hidden gems do you give as is appropriate?)

O subduer of enemies, do you appropriately give hidden gems to the chiefs of the army in the enemy country? (2-5-49)

कच्चिदात्मानमेवाग्रे विजित्य विजितेन्द्रियः। पराञ्जिगीषसे पार्थ प्रमत्तानजितेन्द्रियान् ॥२-५-५०॥

kaccid ātmānam eva agre vijitya vijitendriyaḥ। parāñ jigīṣase pārtha pramattān ajitendriyān ॥2-5-50॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; एव (eva) - only; आग्रे (agre) - first; विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered; विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses; परान् (parān) - others; जिगीषसे (jigīṣase) - do you desire to conquer; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā; प्रमत्तान् (pramattān) - the heedless; अजितेन्द्रियान् (ajitendriyān) - those whose senses are not conquered;]

(Whether, having first conquered only yourself, being one who has conquered the senses, do you desire to conquer others, O son of Pṛthā, the heedless, whose senses are not conquered?)

O Pārtha, do you wish to conquer others, the heedless whose senses are uncontrolled, only after first conquering yourself and mastering your own senses? (2-5-50)

कच्चित्ते यास्यतः शत्रून्पूर्वं यान्ति स्वनुष्ठिताः। साम दानं च भेदश्च दण्डश्च विधिवद्गुणाः ॥२-५-५१॥

kaccitte yāsyataḥ śatrūnpūrvaṃ yānti svanuṣṭhitāḥ। sāma dānaṃ ca bhedaśca daṇḍaśca vidhivadguṇāḥ ॥2-5-51॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ते (te) - your; यास्यतः (yāsyataḥ) - going; शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies; पूर्वं (pūrvam) - before; यान्ति (yānti) - go; स्वनुष्ठिताः (svanuṣṭhitāḥ) - properly performed; साम (sāma) - conciliation; दानम् (dānam) - gift; च (ca) - and; भेदः (bhedaḥ) - division; च (ca) - and; दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment; च (ca) - and; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities;]

(Whether those means—conciliation, gift, division, and punishment—properly performed by you, go before the enemies according to rule;)

Are the means of conciliation, gift, division, and punishment, when properly employed by you, being applied in due order before the enemies? (2-5-51)

कच्चिन्मूलं दृढं कृत्वा यात्रां यासि विशां पते। तांश्च विक्रमसे जेतुं जित्वा च परिरक्षसि ॥२-५-५२॥

kaccin mūlaṃ dṛḍhaṃ kṛtvā yātrāṃ yāsi viśāṃ pate। tāṃś ca vikramase jetuṃ jitvā ca parirakṣasi ॥2-5-52॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle); मूलम् (mūlam) - root; foundation; दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firm; strong; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; having established; यात्राम् (yātrām) - expedition; march; यासि (yāsi) - you go; you proceed; विशाम् (viśām) - of men; of people; पते (pate) - O lord; O ruler; तान् (tān) - them; those; च (ca) - and; विक्रमसे (vikramase) - you strive; you exert; जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer; to defeat; जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; having defeated; च (ca) - and; परिरक्षसि (parirakṣasi) - you protect; you guard;]

(Whether, having made the foundation firm, you proceed on the expedition, O lord of men, and you strive to conquer them, and having conquered, you protect (them).)

O lord of men, do you set out on your expedition only after making your base secure, strive to defeat your enemies, and, having conquered them, protect them? (2-5-52)

कच्चिदष्टाङ्गसंयुक्ता चतुर्विधबला चमूः। बलमुख्यैः सुनीता ते द्विषतां प्रतिबाधनी ॥२-५-५३॥

kaccidaṣṭāṅgasaṃyuktā caturvidhabalā camūḥ। balamukhyaiḥ sunītā te dviṣatāṃ pratibādhanī ॥2-5-53॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अष्टाङ्ग (aṣṭāṅga) - eight-limbed; संयुक्ता (saṃyuktā) - joined; चतुर्विधबला (caturvidhabalā) - possessing four kinds of forces; चमूः (camūḥ) - army; बलमुख्यैः (balamukhyaiḥ) - by the chief of the forces; सुनीता (sunītā) - well-governed; ते (te) - your; द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of the enemies; प्रतिबाधनी (pratibādhanī) - capable of repelling;]

(Whether the eight-limbed, fourfold-force army, well-governed by the chiefs of the forces, is capable of repelling your enemies.)

Is your eight-limbed army, composed of four kinds of forces and well-governed by the chiefs, able to repel the enemies? (2-5-53)

कच्चिल्लवं च मुष्टिं च परराष्ट्रे परन्तप। अविहाय महाराज विहंसि समरे रिपून् ॥२-५-५४॥

kaccillavaṃ ca muṣṭiṃ ca pararāṣṭre parantapa। avihāya mahārāja vihañsi samare ripūn ॥2-5-54॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) लवम् (lavam) - a little; (small quantity; from root √lu, to cut, small part;) च (ca) - and; मुष्टिम् (muṣṭim) - a fist; (handful; from root √muṣ, to grasp;) च (ca) - and; परराष्ट्रे (pararāṣṭre) - in enemy's territory; (para = other, rāṣṭra = kingdom; locative singular;) परन्तप (parantapa) - O subduer of foes; (one who scorches enemies; vocative singular;) अविहाय (avihāya) - without abandoning; (a- = not, vihāya = having left; absolutive;) महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; (vocative singular;) विहंसि (vihañsi) - do you destroy; (from root √han, to strike, vi- intensive; 2nd person singular;) समरे (samare) - in battle; (locative singular;) रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies; (accusative plural;]

(Whether even a little or a handful in enemy's territory, O subduer of foes, without abandoning, O great king, do you destroy enemies in battle?)

O great king, subduer of foes, do you ever, without abandoning even a little or a handful in enemy territory, destroy your enemies in battle? (2-5-54)

कच्चित्स्वपरराष्ट्रेषु बहवोऽधिकृतास्तव। अर्थान्समनुतिष्ठन्ति रक्षन्ति च परस्परम् ॥२-५-५५॥

kaccitsvapararāṣṭreṣu bahavo'dhikr̥tāstava। arthānsamanutiṣṭhanti rakṣanti ca parasparam ॥2-5-55॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; स्व (sva) - own; पर (para) - other; राष्ट्रेषु (rāṣṭreṣu) - in kingdoms; बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; अधिकृताः (adhikṛtāḥ) - officers; तव (tava) - your; अर्थान् (arthān) - interests; समनुतिष्ठन्ति (samanutiṣṭhanti) - properly carry out; रक्षन्ति (rakṣanti) - protect; च (ca) - and; परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other;]

(Whether, in your own and other kingdoms, many officers of yours properly carry out (your) interests and protect each other.)

Are there many officers in your own and other kingdoms who properly carry out your interests and protect one another? (2-5-55)

कच्चिदभ्यवहार्याणि गात्रसंस्पर्शकानि च। घ्रेयाणि च महाराज रक्षन्त्यनुमतास्तव ॥२-५-५६॥

kaccid abhyavahāryāṇi gātra-saṃsparśakāni ca | ghreyāṇi ca mahārāja rakṣanti anumatās tava ||2-5-56||

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अभ्यवहार्याणि (abhyavahāryāṇi) - edible (things); गात्र (gātra) - body; संस्पर्शकानि (saṃsparśakāni) - touching (things); च (ca) - and; घ्रेयाणि (ghreyāṇi) - smellable (things); च (ca) - and; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; रक्षन्ति (rakṣanti) - protect; अनुमताः (anumatāḥ) - permitted (ones); तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether the edible things, the things touching the body, and the smellable things, O great king, are protected (used) as permitted by you.)

O great king, are the foods, the things that touch the body, and the things to be smelled, all being used only as permitted by you? (2-5-56)

कच्चित्कोशं च कोष्ठं च वाहनं द्वारमायुधम्। आयश्च कृतकल्याणैस्तव भक्तैरनुष्ठितः ॥२-५-५७॥

kaccitkośaṃ ca koṣṭhaṃ ca vāhanaṃ dvāramāyudham। āyaśca kṛtakalyāṇais tava bhaktair anuṣṭhitaḥ ॥2-5-57॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle); कोशम् (kośam) - treasury; (accusative singular); च (ca) - and; कोष्ठम् (koṣṭham) - storehouse; (accusative singular); च (ca) - and; वाहनम् (vāhanam) - vehicle; (accusative singular); द्वारम् (dvāram) - gate; (accusative singular); आयुधम् (āyudham) - weapon; (accusative singular); आयः (āyaḥ) - income; (nominative singular); च (ca) - and; कृतकल्याणैः (kṛtakalyāṇaiḥ) - by those who have done good deeds; (instrumental plural); तव (tava) - your; भक्तैः (bhaktaiḥ) - by devoted ones; (instrumental plural); अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - performed; (nominative singular masculine);]

(Whether the treasury and the storehouse and the vehicle, the gate, the weapon, and the income have been managed by your devoted ones who have done good deeds.)

Are the treasury, storehouse, vehicles, gates, weapons, and income being managed by your loyal and virtuous attendants? (2-5-57)

कच्चिदाभ्यन्तरेभ्यश्च बाह्येभ्यश्च विशां पते। रक्षस्यात्मानमेवाग्रे तांश्च स्वेभ्यो मिथश्च तान् ॥२-५-५८॥

kaccid ābhyantarebhyaś ca bāhyebhyaś ca viśāṃ pate। rakṣasy ātmānam evāgre tāṃś ca svebhyo mithaś ca tān ॥2-5-58॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आभ्यन्तरेभ्यः (ābhyantarebhyaḥ) - from the insiders; च (ca) - and; बाह्येभ्यः (bāhyebhyaḥ) - from the outsiders; च (ca) - and; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; रक्ष (rakṣa) - protect; स्य (sya) - your; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self; एव (eva) - only; अग्रे (agre) - first; तान् (tān) - them; च (ca) - and; स्वेभ्यः (svebhyaḥ) - from your own people; मिथः (mithaḥ) - mutually; च (ca) - and; तान् (tān) - them;]

(Whether, O lord of the people, (you) protect yourself first from the insiders and the outsiders, and them (your people) from your own people and mutually from each other only.)

O lord of the people, do you ensure to protect yourself first from both insiders and outsiders, and also protect your people from your own and from each other? (2-5-58)

कच्चिन्न पाने द्यूते वा क्रीडासु प्रमदासु च। प्रतिजानन्ति पूर्वाह्णे व्ययं व्यसनजं तव ॥२-५-५९॥

kaccin na pāne dyūte vā krīḍāsu pramadāsu ca। pratijānanti pūrvāhṇe vyayaṃ vyasanajaṃ tava॥2-5-59॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) न (na) - not; पाने (pāne) - in drinking; द्यूते (dyūte) - in gambling; वा (vā) - or; क्रीडासु (krīḍāsu) - in sports; प्रमदासु (pramadāsu) - in women; च (ca) - and; प्रतिजानन्ति (pratijānanti) - acknowledge; पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon; व्यम् (vyayam) - expenditure; व्यसनजम् (vyasanajam) - arising from vice; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether or not, in drinking, gambling, or in sports and with women, they acknowledge in the forenoon your expenditure arising from vice.)

Do they, in the morning, acknowledge to you the expenses that arise from your indulgence in drinking, gambling, sports, or with women? (2-5-59)

कच्चिदायस्य चार्धेन चतुर्भागेन वा पुनः। पादभागैस्त्रिभिर्वापि व्ययः संशोध्यते तव ॥२-५-६०॥

kaccid āyasya ca ardhenā caturbhāgena vā punaḥ। pādabhaagaiḥ tribhir vā api vyayaḥ saṃśodhyate tava ॥2-5-60॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आयस्य (āyasya) - of income; च (ca) - and; अर्धेन (ardhena) - by half; चतुर्भागेन (caturbhāgena) - by a fourth part; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पादभागैः (pādabhāgaiḥ) - by quarter parts; त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; व्ययः (vyayaḥ) - expenditure; संशोध्यते (saṃśodhyate) - is deducted; तव (tava) - of yours;]

(Whether the expenditure is deducted from your income by half, or by a fourth part, or again by three quarter parts, or also by three, O king.)

O king, is your expenditure deducted from your income by half, by a fourth, or again by three quarter parts, or by three? (2-5-60)

कच्चिज्ज्ञातीन्गुरून्वृद्धान्वणिजः शिल्पिनः श्रितान्। अभीक्ष्णमनुगृह्णासि धनधान्येन दुर्गतान् ॥२-५-६१॥

kaccij jñātīn gurūn vṛddhān vaṇijaḥ śilpinaḥ śritān। abhīkṣṇam anugṛhṇāsi dhana-dhānyena durgatān ॥2-5-61॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ज्ञातीन् (jñātīn) - kinsmen; गुरून् (gurūn) - elders; वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - aged; वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants; शिल्पिनः (śilpinaḥ) - artisans; श्रितान् (śritān) - those who have taken refuge; अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - constantly; अनुगृह्णासि (anugṛhṇāsi) - do you favor; धनधान्येन (dhana-dhānyena) - with wealth and grain; दुर्गतान् (durgatān) - the distressed;]

(Whether kinsmen, elders, aged, merchants, artisans, those who have taken refuge—do you constantly favor the distressed with wealth and grain?)

Do you constantly support your kinsmen, elders, the aged, merchants, artisans, and those who have sought your refuge, who are in distress, with wealth and grain? (2-5-61)

कच्चिदायव्यये युक्ताः सर्वे गणकलेखकाः। अनुतिष्ठन्ति पूर्वाह्णे नित्यमायव्ययं तव ॥२-५-६२॥

kaccid āyavyaye yuktāḥ sarve gaṇakalekhakāḥ। anutiṣṭhanti pūrvāhṇe nityam āyavyayaṃ tava ॥2-5-62॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आयव्यये (āyavyaye) - in income and expenditure; युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - engaged; सर्वे (sarve) - all; गणकलेखकाः (gaṇakalekhakāḥ) - accountants and clerks; अनुतिष्ठन्ति (anutiṣṭhanti) - carry out; पूर्वाह्णे (pūrvāhṇe) - in the forenoon; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; आयव्ययम् (āyavyayam) - income and expenditure; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether in income and expenditure engaged all accountants and clerks carry out in the forenoon always your income and expenditure.)

Are all your accountants and clerks always engaged in managing your income and expenditure every forenoon? (2-5-62)

कच्चिदर्थेषु सम्प्रौढान्हितकामाननुप्रियान्। नापकर्षसि कर्मभ्यः पूर्वमप्राप्य किल्बिषम् ॥२-५-६३॥

kaccid artheṣu samprauḍhān hitakāmān anupriyān। na apakarṣasi karmabhyaḥ pūrvam aprāpya kilbiṣam ॥2-5-63॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters; सम्प्रौढान् (samprauḍhān) - fully matured; हितकामान् (hitakāmān) - desiring welfare; अनुप्रियान् (anupriyān) - agreeable; न (na) - not; अपकर्षसि (apakarṣasi) - you draw away; कर्मभ्यः (karmabhyaḥ) - from duties; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - without attaining; किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin;]

(Whether, in matters, those fully matured, desiring welfare, agreeable ones, you do not draw away from duties before attaining sin.)

Do you ensure that those who are mature, seek welfare, and are agreeable in matters are not removed from their duties before any fault is found? (2-5-63)

कच्चिद्विदित्वा पुरुषानुत्तमाधममध्यमान्। त्वं कर्मस्वनुरूपेषु नियोजयसि भारत ॥२-५-६४॥

kaccid viditvā puruṣān uttama-adhama-madhyamān। tvaṃ karmasu anurūpeṣu niyojayasi bhārata ॥2-5-64॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - men; उत्तम (uttama) - best; अधम (adhama) - worst; मध्यमान् (madhyamān) - middle; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions; अनुरूपेषु (anurūpeṣu) - appropriate; नियोजयसि (niyojayasi) - do you assign; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Whether, having known men as best, worst, and middle, you assign them, O Bhārata, to appropriate actions.)

O Bhārata, do you, after discerning men as superior, inferior, and average, assign them to duties appropriate to their capacities? (2-5-64)

कच्चिन्न लुब्धाश्चौरा वा वैरिणो वा विशां पते। अप्राप्तव्यवहारा वा तव कर्मस्वनुष्ठिताः ॥२-५-६५॥

kaccinna lubdhāścaurā vā vairiṇo vā viśāṃ pate| aprāptavyavahārā vā tava karmasvanuṣṭhitāḥ ॥2-5-65॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy; चौराः (caurāḥ) - thieves; वा (vā) - or; वैरिणः (vairiṇaḥ) - enemies; वा (vā) - or; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; अप्राप्तव्यवहारा (aprāptavyavahārā) - those not engaged in proper conduct; वा (vā) - or; तव (tava) - your; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in duties; अनुष्ठिताः (anuṣṭhitāḥ) - performed;]

(Whether there are not greedy ones, or thieves, or enemies, O lord of the people, or those not engaged in proper conduct, who have performed your duties.)

O lord of the people, I hope there are no greedy persons, thieves, or enemies, or those not engaged in proper conduct, who have performed your duties. (2-5-65)

कच्चिन्न लुब्धैश्चौरैर्वा कुमारैः स्त्रीबलेन वा। त्वया वा पीड्यते राष्ट्रं कच्चित्पुष्टाः कृषीवलाः ॥२-५-६६॥

kaccinna lubdhaiś caurair vā kumāraiḥ strībālena vā। tvayā vā pīḍyate rāṣṭraṃ kaccit puṣṭāḥ kṛṣīvalāḥ ॥2-5-66॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; लुब्धैः (lubdhaiḥ) - by greedy (men); चौरैः (caurair) - by thieves; वा (vā) - or; कुमारैः (kumāraiḥ) - by princes; स्त्रीबलेन (strībālena) - by women's force; वा (vā) - or; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; वा (vā) - or; पीड्यते (pīḍyate) - is oppressed; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; पुष्टाः (puṣṭāḥ) - prosperous; कृषीवलाः (kṛṣīvalāḥ) - farmers;]

(Whether or not the kingdom is oppressed by greedy men, thieves, princes, women's force, or by you; whether the farmers are prosperous.)

Is your kingdom ever oppressed by greedy men, thieves, princes, women's force, or even by you? Are the farmers prosperous? (2-5-66)

कच्चिद्राष्ट्रे तडागानि पूर्णानि च महान्ति च। भागशो विनिविष्टानि न कृषिर्देवमातृका ॥२-५-६७॥

kaccidrāṣṭre taḍāgāni pūrṇāni ca mahānti ca। bhāgaśo viniviṣṭāni na kṛṣirdevamātṛkā ॥2-5-67॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom; तडागानि (taḍāgāni) - ponds; पूर्णानि (pūrṇāni) - full; च (ca) - and; महान्ति (mahānti) - large; च (ca) - and; भागशः (bhāgaśaḥ) - in portions; विनिविष्टानि (viniviṣṭāni) - distributed; न (na) - not; कृषिः (kṛṣiḥ) - agriculture; देवमातृका (devamātṛkā) - dependent on the gods (rain);]

(Whether in the kingdom the ponds are full and large, and distributed in portions, agriculture is not dependent on the gods (rain).)

Are the ponds in the kingdom full and large, and distributed in various parts, so that agriculture is not dependent on the gods (rain)? (2-5-67)

कच्चिद्बीजं च भक्तं च कर्षकायावसीदते। प्रतिकं च शतं वृद्ध्या ददास्यृणमनुग्रहम् ॥२-५-६८॥

kaccid bījaṃ ca bhaktaṃ ca karṣakāya avasīdate। pratikaṃ ca śataṃ vṛddhyā dadāsi ṛṇam anugraham ॥2-5-68॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; बीजम् (bījam) - seed; च (ca) - and; भक्तम् (bhaktam) - cooked food; च (ca) - and; कर्षकाय (karṣakāya) - to the ploughman; अवसीदते (avasīdate) - is not lacking; प्रतिकम् (pratikam) - for each; च (ca) - and; शतम् (śatam) - hundred; वृद्ध्या (vṛddhyā) - with interest; ददासि (dadāsi) - do you give; ऋणम् (ṛṇam) - loan; अनुग्रहम् (anugraham) - as a favor;]

(Whether seed and cooked food are not lacking for the ploughman; and for each hundred, do you give a loan with interest as a favor?)

Are the seed and food sufficient for the ploughman? And for every hundred, do you grant a loan with interest as a favor? (2-5-68)

कच्चित्स्वनुष्ठिता तात वार्त्ता ते साधुभिर्जनैः। वार्त्तायां संश्रितस्तात लोकोऽयं सुखमेधते ॥२-५-६९॥

kaccitsvanuṣṭhitā tāta vārttā te sādhubhirjanaiḥ। vārttāyāṃ saṃśritastāta loko'yaṃ sukhamedhate ॥2-5-69॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; स्वनुष्ठिता (svanuṣṭhitā) - properly performed; तात (tāta) - O dear; वार्त्ता (vārttā) - livelihood; ते (te) - your; साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) - by virtuous; जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people; वार्त्तायाम् (vārttāyām) - in livelihood; संश्रितः (saṃśritaḥ) - resorted; तात (tāta) - O dear; लोकः (lokaḥ) - people; अयम् (ayam) - this; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; एधते (edhate) - prospers;]

(Whether, O dear, your livelihood is properly performed by virtuous people? In livelihood, O dear, when people resort (to it), does this world prosper in happiness?)

O dear, is your livelihood being properly carried out by virtuous people? When people resort to such a livelihood, does this world prosper in happiness? (2-5-69)

कच्चिच्छुचिकृतः प्राज्ञाः पञ्च पञ्च स्वनुष्ठिताः। क्षेमं कुर्वन्ति संहत्य राजञ्जनपदे तव ॥२-५-७०॥

kaccicchucikṛtaḥ prājñāḥ pañca pañca svanuṣṭhitāḥ। kṣemaṃ kurvanti saṃhatya rājanjanapade tava ॥2-5-70॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; शुचिकृतः (śucikṛtaḥ) - purified; प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise ones; पञ्च (pañca) - five; पञ्च (pañca) - five; स्वनुष्ठिताः (svanuṣṭhitāḥ) - properly established; क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - welfare; कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - do; संहत्य (saṃhatya) - together; राजन् (rājan) - O king; जनपदे (janapade) - in the country; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether the purified wise five and five, properly established, together do welfare in your country, O king.)

O king, are the ten purified and wise ministers, properly established, working together for the welfare of your country? (2-5-70)

कच्चिन्नगरगुप्त्यर्थं ग्रामा नगरवत्कृताः। ग्रामवच्च कृता रक्षा ते च सर्वे तदर्पणाः ॥२-५-७१॥

kaccinnagaraguptyarthaṃ grāmā nagaravatkṛtāḥ। grāmavacca kṛtā rakṣā te ca sarve tadarpaṇāḥ ॥2-5-71॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; नगर-गुप्ति-अर्थम् (nagara-gupti-artham) - for the purpose of city protection; ग्रामाः (grāmāḥ) - villages; नगरवत्-कृताः (nagaravat-kṛtāḥ) - made like a city; ग्रामवत्-च (grāmavat-ca) - like a village and; कृता (kṛtā) - made; रक्षा (rakṣā) - protection; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; सर्वे (sarve) - all; तत्-अर्पणाः (tat-arpaṇāḥ) - dedicated to that;]

(Whether, for the purpose of city protection, the villages have been made like a city; and whether, like a village, protection has been made; and whether all of them are dedicated to that.)

Have the villages been organized like a city for the purpose of city protection? And has protection been arranged for the villages as well? Are all of them dedicated to that purpose? (2-5-71)

कच्चिद्बलेनानुगताः समानि विषमाणि च। पुराणचौराः साध्यक्षाश्चरन्ति विषये तव ॥२-५-७२॥

kaccid balenānugatāḥ samāni viṣamāṇi ca। purāṇacaurāḥ sādhyakṣāś caranti viṣaye tava॥2-5-72॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; बलेन (balena) - by force; अनुगताः (anugatāḥ) - followed; समानि (samāni) - equal; विषमाणि (viṣamāṇi) - unequal; च (ca) - and; पुराणचौराः (purāṇacaurāḥ) - old thieves; साध्यक्षाः (sādhyakṣāḥ) - with officers; चरन्ति (caranti) - move; विषये (viṣaye) - in the territory; तव (tava) - your;]

(Whether by force followed (are) the equal and unequal (cases)? Old thieves with officers move in your territory.)

Are the equal and unequal cases being followed up by force? Do old thieves, along with officers, roam in your territory? (2-5-72)

कच्चित्स्त्रियः सान्त्वयसि कच्चित्ताश्च सुरक्षिताः। कच्चिन्न श्रद्दधास्यासां कच्चिद्गुह्यं न भाषसे ॥२-५-७३॥

kaccitstriyaḥ sāntvayasi kaccittāśca surakṣitāḥ। kaccinna śraddadhāsyāsāṃ kaccidguhyaṃ na bhāṣase ॥2-5-73॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; (plural, nominative) सान्त्वयसि (sāntvayasi) - you console; (from root √santv, to soothe) कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) ताः (tāḥ) - they; (those, feminine plural) च (ca) - and; सुरक्षिताः (surakṣitāḥ) - well-protected; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) न (na) - not; श्रद्दधासि (śraddadhāsi) - you trust; (from root √śrad-dhā, to have faith) असाम् (asām) - of these; (feminine, genitive plural) कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret; न (na) - not; भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak; (from root √bhāṣ, to speak);]

(Whether you console the women, whether they are well-protected, whether you do not trust these, whether you do not speak a secret.)

Do you console the women? Are they all safe? Do you not trust any of them? You do not reveal any secret, do you? (2-5-73)

कच्चिच्चारान्निशि श्रुत्वा तत्कार्यमनुचिन्त्य च। प्रियाण्यनुभवञ्शेषे विदित्वाभ्यन्तरं जनम् ॥२-५-७४॥

kacciccārānniśi śrutvā tatkāryam anucintya ca। priyāṇy anubhavañ śeṣe viditvābhyantaraṃ janam ॥2-5-74॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; चारान् (cārān) - spies; निशि (niśi) - at night; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; तत् (tat) - that; कार्यं (kāryam) - action; अनुचिन्त्य (anucintya) - having considered; च (ca) - and; प्रियाणि (priyāṇi) - pleasant things; अनुभवन् (anubhavan) - experiencing; शेषे (śeṣe) - in the remainder (of the night); विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; अभ्यन्तरं (abhyantaram) - internal; जनम् (janam) - people;]

(Whether, having heard the spies at night and having considered that action, and experiencing pleasant things in the remainder (of the night), having known the internal people.)

Does he, after hearing the spies at night and considering the necessary actions, then enjoy pleasant things for the rest of the night, having ascertained the people within? (2-5-74)

कच्चिद्द्वौ प्रथमौ यामौ रात्र्यां सुप्त्वा विशां पते। सञ्चिन्तयसि धर्मार्थौ याम उत्थाय पश्चिमे ॥२-५-७५॥

kacciddvau prathamau yāmau rātryāṃ suptvā viśāṃ pate| sañcintayasi dharmārthau yāma utthāya paścime ॥2-5-75॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; द्वौ (dvau) - two; प्रथमौ (prathamau) - first; यामौ (yāmau) - watches (of the night); रात्र्यां (rātryām) - in the night; सुप्त्वा (suptvā) - having slept; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; सञ्चिन्तयसि (sañcintayasi) - do you reflect upon; धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - dharma and artha; याम् (yām) - watch (of the night); उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen; पश्चिमे (paścime) - in the last;]

(Whether, having slept during the first two watches of the night, O lord of the people, do you reflect upon dharma and artha, having risen in the last watch?)

O lord of the people, after sleeping during the first two watches of the night, do you contemplate dharma and artha upon rising in the last watch? (2-5-75)

कच्चिद्दर्शयसे नित्यं मनुष्यान्समलङ्कृतान्। उत्थाय काले कालज्ञः सह पाण्डव मन्त्रिभिः ॥२-५-७६॥

kacciddarśayase nityaṃ manuṣyānsamalaṅkṛtān। utthāya kāle kālajñaḥ saha pāṇḍava mantribhiḥ ॥2-5-76॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; दर्शयसे (darśayase) - you show; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; मनुष्याञ् (manuṣyān) - men; समलङ्कृतान् (samalaṅkṛtān) - well-adorned; उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen; काले (kāle) - at the proper time; कालज्ञः (kālajñaḥ) - knower of time; सह (saha) - together with; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - the Pāṇḍava; मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - with ministers;]

(Whether you always show well-adorned men, having risen at the proper time, the knower of time, together with the Pāṇḍava and ministers.)

Do you regularly present well-adorned men, rising at the proper time, you who know the right moment, together with the Pāṇḍava and his ministers? (2-5-76)

कच्चिद्रक्ताम्बरधराः खड्गहस्ताः स्वलङ्कृताः। अभितस्त्वामुपासन्ते रक्षणार्थमरिंदम ॥२-५-७७॥

kaccidraktāmbaradharāḥ khaḍgahastāḥ swalaṅkṛtāḥ। abhitastvāmupāsante rakṣaṇārthamariṃdama ॥2-5-77॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; रक्त-अम्बर-धराः (rakta-ambara-dharāḥ) - red-cloth-wearers; खड्ग-हस्ताः (khaḍga-hastāḥ) - sword-handed; स्व-लङ्कृताः (swa-laṅkṛtāḥ) - well-adorned; अभितः (abhitaḥ) - on all sides; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; उपासन्ते (upāsante) - attend; रक्षण-अर्थम् (rakṣaṇa-artham) - for the purpose of protection; अरि-इंदम (ari-indama) - O subduer of enemies;]

(Whether the red-cloth-wearers, sword-handed, well-adorned, on all sides attend you for the purpose of protection, O subduer of enemies.)

Are the well-adorned men, dressed in red garments and armed with swords, attending you on all sides for your protection, O subduer of enemies? (2-5-77)

कच्चिद्दण्ड्येषु यमवत्पूज्येषु च विशां पते। परीक्ष्य वर्तसे सम्यगप्रियेषु प्रियेषु च ॥२-५-७८॥

kacciddaṇḍyeṣu yamavatpūjyeṣu ca viśāṃ pate। parīkṣya vartase samyagpriyeṣu priyeṣu ca ॥2-5-78॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; दण्ड्येषु (daṇḍyeṣu) - among those to be punished; यमवत् (yamavat) - like Yama; पूज्येषु (pūjyeṣu) - among the venerable; च (ca) - and; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; परीक्ष्य (parīkṣya) - having examined; वर्तसे (vartase) - you act; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; अप्रियेषु (apriyeṣu) - towards the disagreeable; प्रियेषु (priyeṣu) - towards the agreeable; च (ca) - and;]

(Whether, among those to be punished, you act like Yama, and among the venerable, O lord of the people, having examined, you act properly towards the disagreeable and the agreeable, and.)

O lord of the people, do you, after due consideration, act justly like Yama towards those who deserve punishment, and properly towards both the disagreeable and the agreeable? (2-5-78)

कच्चिच्छारीरमाबाधमौषधैर्नियमेन वा। मानसं वृद्धसेवाभिः सदा पार्थापकर्षसि ॥२-५-७९॥

kaccic chārīram ābādham auṣadhair niyamena vā | mānasaṃ vṛddha-sevābhiḥ sadā pārtha apakarṣasi ॥2-5-79॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; शारीरम् (śārīram) - bodily; आबाधम् (ābādham) - affliction; औषधैः (auṣadhaiḥ) - with medicines; नियमेन (niyamena) - by regimen; वा (vā) - or; मानसम् (mānasam) - mental; वृद्धसेवाभिः (vṛddha-sevābhiḥ) - by service to elders; सदा (sadā) - always; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha; अपकर्षसि (apakarṣasi) - you remove;]

(Whether you always remove bodily affliction with medicines or regimen, or mental (affliction) by service to elders, O son of Pritha.)

O son of Pritha, do you always remove bodily afflictions with medicines or regimen, or mental afflictions by serving the elders? (2-5-79)

कच्चिद्वैद्याश्चिकित्सायामष्टाङ्गायां विशारदाः। सुहृदश्चानुरक्ताश्च शरीरे ते हिताः सदा ॥२-५-८०॥

kaccid vaidyāś cikitsāyām aṣṭāṅgāyām viśāradāḥ। suhṛdaś cānuraktāś ca śarīre te hitāḥ sadā ॥2-5-80॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; वैद्याः (vaidyāḥ) - physicians; च (ca) - and; चिकित्सायाम् (cikitsāyām) - in treatment; अष्टाङ्गायाम् (aṣṭāṅgāyām) - eight-branched; विशारदाः (viśāradāḥ) - skilled; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - well-wishers; च (ca) - and; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - affectionate; च (ca) - and; शरीरे (śarīre) - in the body; ते (te) - your; हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial; सदा (sadā) - always;]

(Whether the physicians, skilled in the eight-branched treatment, and well-wishers, affectionate, are always beneficial to your body?)

Are the physicians, skilled in the eight branches of treatment, and your affectionate well-wishers, always beneficial to your body? (2-5-80)

कच्चिन्न मानान्मोहाद्वा कामाद्वापि विशां पते। अर्थिप्रत्यर्थिनः प्राप्तानपास्यसि कथञ्चन ॥२-५-८१॥

kaccinna mānān mohād vā kāmād vāpi viśāṃ pate| arthipratyarthinaḥ prāptān apāsyasi kathaṃcana ॥2-5-81॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; मानात् (mānāt) - from pride; मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion; वा (vā) - or; कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; अर्थिप्रत्यर्थिनः (arthipratyarthinaḥ) - of petitioners and opponents; प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who have come; अपास्यसि (apāsyasi) - will you reject; कथञ्चन (kathaṃcana) - in any way;]

(Whether not from pride, from delusion or from desire or even, O lord of the people, will you in any way reject those petitioners and opponents who have come?)

O lord of the people, will you ever, out of pride, delusion, or desire, reject any petitioners or opponents who come before you? (2-5-81)

कच्चिन्न लोभान्मोहाद्वा विश्रम्भात्प्रणयेन वा। आश्रितानां मनुष्याणां वृत्तिं त्वं संरुणत्सि च ॥२-५-८२॥

kaccinna lobhān mohād vā viśrambhāt praṇayena vā | āśritānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ vṛttiṃ tvaṃ saṃruṇatsi ca ॥2-5-82॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion; वा (vā) - or; विश्रम्भात् (viśrambhāt) - from over-familiarity; प्रणयेन (praṇayena) - by affection; वा (vā) - or; आश्रितानाम् (āśritānām) - of dependents; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - livelihood; त्वम् (tvam) - you; संरुणत्सि (saṃruṇatsi) - destroy; च (ca) - and;]

(Whether you do not destroy the livelihood of dependent men from greed, delusion, over-familiarity, or affection.)

Do you ensure that, neither out of greed, delusion, over-familiarity, nor affection, you destroy the livelihood of those men who depend on you? (2-5-82)

कच्चित्पौरा न सहिता ये च ते राष्ट्रवासिनः। त्वया सह विरुध्यन्ते परैः क्रीताः कथञ्चन ॥२-५-८३॥

kaccit paurā na sahitā ye ca te rāṣṭravāsinaḥ। tvayā saha virudhyante paraiḥ krītāḥ kathañcana ॥2-5-83॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; पौरा (paurā) - citizens; न (na) - not; सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - those; राष्ट्रवासिनः (rāṣṭravāsinaḥ) - inhabitants of the kingdom; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; सह (saha) - with; विरुध्यन्ते (virudhyante) - oppose; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others; क्रीताः (krītāḥ) - bought; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way;]

(Whether the citizens and those inhabitants of the kingdom who are not united, are in any way bought by others and oppose you together.)

Are the citizens and those other inhabitants of the kingdom, who are not united, in any way bribed by outsiders to oppose you? (2-5-83)

कच्चित्ते दुर्बलः शत्रुर्बलेनोपनिपीडितः। मन्त्रेण बलवान्कश्चिदुभाभ्यां वा युधिष्ठिर ॥२-५-८४॥

kaccitte durbalaḥ śatrurbalenopanipīḍitaḥ। mantreṇa balavānkaścidubhābhyāṃ vā yudhiṣṭhira ॥2-5-84॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ते (te) - to you; दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak; शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy; बलेन (balena) - by strength; उपनिपीडितः (upanipīḍitaḥ) - oppressed; मन्त्रेण (mantreṇa) - by counsel; बलवान् (balavān) - strong; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both; वा (vā) - or; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(Whether your weak enemy has been oppressed by strength, or if anyone strong by counsel, or by both, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)

O Yudhiṣṭhira, has your weak enemy been subdued by strength, or has anyone strong been overcome by counsel, or by both means? (2-5-84)

कच्चित्सर्वेऽनुरक्तास्त्वां भूमिपालाः प्रधानतः। कच्चित्प्राणांस्त्वदर्थेषु सन्त्यजन्ति त्वया हृताः ॥२-५-८५॥

kaccitsarve'nuraktāstvāṃ bhūmipālāḥ pradhānataḥ। kaccitprāṇāṃstvadartheṣu santyajanti tvayā hṛtāḥ ॥2-5-85॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; सर्वे (sarve) - all; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - attached; त्वाम् (tvām) - to you; भूमिपालाः (bhūmipālāḥ) - kings; प्रधानतः (pradhānataḥ) - especially; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; त्वदर्थेषु (tvadartheṣu) - for your sake; सन्त्यजन्ति (santyajanti) - abandon; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; हृताः (hṛtāḥ) - won over;]

(Whether all the kings are attached to you especially; whether those won over by you abandon their lives for your sake.)

Are all the kings especially devoted to you? Do those whom you have won over give up their lives for your sake? (2-5-85)

कच्चित्ते सर्वविद्यासु गुणतोऽर्चा प्रवर्तते। ब्राह्मणानां च साधूनां तव निःश्रेयसे शुभा ॥२-५-८६॥

kaccitte sarvavidyāsu guṇato'rchā pravartate। brāhmaṇānāṃ ca sādhūnāṃ tava niḥśreyase śubhā ॥2-5-86॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ते (te) - for you; सर्वविद्यासु (sarvavidyāsu) - in all knowledges; गुणतः (guṇataḥ) - according to quality; अर्चा (archā) - worship; प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - is performed; ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of the virtuous; तव (tava) - for your; निःश्रेयसे (niḥśreyase) - for the highest good; शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious;]

(Whether for you, in all knowledges, according to quality, worship is performed; of the Brāhmaṇas and of the virtuous, for your highest good, auspicious.)

Is worship, according to quality, performed by you in all branches of knowledge? Is the auspicious worship of Brāhmaṇas and virtuous ones undertaken for your highest good? (2-5-86)

कच्चिद्धर्मे त्रयीमूले पूर्वैराचरिते जनैः। वर्तमानस्तथा कर्तुं तस्मिन्कर्मणि वर्तसे ॥२-५-८७॥

kacciddharme trayīmūle pūrvairācarite janaiḥ। vartamānastathā kartuṃ tasminkarmaṇi vartase ॥2-5-87॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; त्रयी-मूले (trayī-mūle) - rooted in the three Vedas; पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the ancients; आचरिते (ācarite) - practiced; जनैः (janaiḥ) - by people; वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - abiding; तथा (tathā) - thus; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - action; वर्तसे (vartase) - do you abide;]

(Whether, in dharma rooted in the three Vedas, practiced by the ancients, do you thus abide to do that action?)

Are you following the dharma, which is rooted in the three Vedas and practiced by the ancients, and do you act accordingly in your duties? (2-5-87)

कच्चित्तव गृहेऽन्नानि स्वादून्यश्नन्ति वै द्विजाः। गुणवन्ति गुणोपेतास्तवाध्यक्षं सदक्षिणम् ॥२-५-८८॥

kaccittava gṛhe'nnāni svādūnyaśnanti vai dvijāḥ। guṇavanti guṇopetāstava adhyakṣaṃ sadakṣiṇam ॥2-5-88॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; तव (tava) - your; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; अन्नानि (annāni) - foods; स्वादूनि (svādūni) - tasty; अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - eat; वै (vai) - indeed; द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born (Brahmins); गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - virtuous; गुणोपेताः (guṇopetāḥ) - endowed with virtues; तव (tava) - your; अध्यक्षम् (adhyakṣam) - superintendent; सदक्षिणम् (sadakṣiṇam) - with proper gifts;]

(Whether, in your house, the twice-born indeed eat tasty foods, virtuous, endowed with virtues, your superintendent with proper gifts.)

Are the Brahmins in your house eating tasty food, and is your superintendent, who is virtuous and endowed with virtues, being given proper gifts? (2-5-88)

कच्चित्क्रतूनेकचित्तो वाजपेयांश्च सर्वशः। पुण्डरीकांश्च कार्त्स्न्येन यतसे कर्तुमात्मवान् ॥२-५-८९॥

kaccitkratūnekacitto vājapeyāṃśca sarvaśaḥ| puṇḍarīkāṃśca kārtsnyena yatase kartumātmavān ॥2-5-89॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; क्रतून् (kratūn) - sacrifices; एकचित्तः (ekacittaḥ) - with single-mindedness; वाजपेयान् (vājapeyān) - Vājapeya sacrifices; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely; पुण्डरीकान् (puṇḍarīkān) - Puṇḍarīka sacrifices; च (ca) - and; कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely; यतसे (yatase) - you strive; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform; आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - possessed of self-control;]

(Whether, with single-mindedness, you entirely strive to perform the Vājapeya and Puṇḍarīka sacrifices completely, possessed of self-control.)

Are you, with focused mind and self-control, making every effort to perform all the Vājapeya and Puṇḍarīka sacrifices in their entirety? (2-5-89)

कच्चिज्ज्ञातीन्गुरून्वृद्धान्दैवतांस्तापसानपि। चैत्यांश्च वृक्षान्कल्याणान्ब्राह्मणांश्च नमस्यसि ॥२-५-९०॥

kaccij jñātīn gurūn vṛddhān daivatāṃs tāpasān api | caityāṃś ca vṛkṣān kalyāṇān brāhmaṇāṃś ca namasyasi ॥2-5-90॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ज्ञातीन् (jñātīn) - kinsmen; गुरून् (gurūn) - elders; वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - aged; दैवतान् (daivatān) - divinities; तापसान् (tāpasān) - ascetics; अपि (api) - also; चैत्यान् (caityān) - shrines; च (ca) - and; वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees; कल्याणान् (kalyāṇān) - auspicious; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; नमस्यसि (namasyasi) - do you bow;]

(Whether kinsmen, elders, aged, divinities, ascetics also, shrines and trees auspicious, Brāhmaṇas and do you bow?)

Do you show reverence to your kinsmen, elders, the aged, divinities, ascetics, as well as to shrines, auspicious trees, and Brāhmaṇas? (2-5-90)

कच्चिदेषा च ते बुद्धिर्वृत्तिरेषा च तेऽनघ। आयुष्या च यशस्या च धर्मकामार्थदर्शिनी ॥२-५-९१॥

kaccideṣā ca te buddhirvṛttireṣā ca te'nagha। āyuṣyā ca yaśasyā ca dharmakāmārthadarśinī ॥2-5-91॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; एषा (eṣā) - this; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - conduct; एषा (eṣā) - this; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; आयुष्या (āyuṣyā) - leading to long life; च (ca) - and; यशस्या (yaśasyā) - leading to fame; च (ca) - and; धर्मकामार्थदर्शिनी (dharmakāmārthadarśinī) - perceiving (the nature of) dharma, kāma, and artha; ॥२-५-९१॥ (॥2-5-91॥) -;]

(Whether this intellect and this conduct of yours, O sinless one, is conducive to long life and fame, and perceives (the nature of) dharma, kāma, and artha.)

O sinless one, does your intellect and conduct ensure long life and fame, and discern the true nature of dharma, desire, and wealth? (2-5-91)

एतया वर्तमानस्य बुद्ध्या राष्ट्रं न सीदति। विजित्य च महीं राजा सोऽत्यन्तं सुखमेधते ॥२-५-९२॥

etayā vartamānasya buddhyā rāṣṭraṃ na sīdati. vijitya ca mahīṃ rājā so'tyantaṃ sukham edhate ॥2-5-92॥

[एतया (etayā) - by this; (instrumental singular, feminine) वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - of the present; (genitive singular, masculine) बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect; (instrumental singular, feminine) राष्ट्रं (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; (accusative singular, neuter) न (na) - not; सीदति (sīdati) - declines; (3rd person singular, present) विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered; (absolutive) च (ca) - and; महीं (mahīm) - the earth; (accusative singular, feminine) राजा (rājā) - king; (nominative singular, masculine) सः (saḥ) - he; अत्यन्तं (atyantam) - completely; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; (accusative singular, neuter) एधते (edhate) - attains; (3rd person singular, present);]

(By this intellect of the present, the kingdom does not decline. And having conquered the earth, the king, he completely attains happiness. (2-5-92))

With such present wisdom, a kingdom does not fall; and having conquered the earth, the king attains complete happiness. (2-5-92)

कच्चिदार्यो विशुद्धात्मा क्षारितश्चौरकर्मणि। अदृष्टशास्त्रकुशलैर्न लोभाद्वध्यते शुचिः ॥२-५-९३॥

kaccid āryo viśuddhātmā kṣāritaś caurakarmaṇi| adṛṣṭaśāstrakuśalair na lobhād vadhyate śuciḥ ॥2-5-93॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आर्यः (āryaḥ) - noble one; विशुद्धात्मा (viśuddhātmā) - pure-souled; क्षारितः (kṣāritaḥ) - punished; चौरकर्मणि (caurakarmaṇi) - for theft; अदृष्टशास्त्रकुशलैः (adṛṣṭaśāstrakuśalaiḥ) - by those unskilled in unseen scriptures; न (na) - not; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; वध्यते (vadhyate) - is killed; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - the pure one;]

(Whether the noble one, pure-souled, punished for theft, is not killed from greed by those unskilled in unseen scriptures, the pure one.)

Is the noble and pure-souled person, punished for theft, not being killed out of greed by those unskilled in the unseen scriptures? (2-5-93)

पृष्टो गृहीतस्तत्कारी तज्ज्ञैर्दृष्टः सकारणः। कच्चिन्न मुच्यते स्तेनो द्रव्यलोभान्नरर्षभ ॥२-५-९४॥

pṛṣṭo gṛhītastatkārī tajjñairdṛṣṭaḥ sakāraṇaḥ। kaccinna mucyate steno dravyalobhānnararṣabha ॥2-5-94॥

[पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - questioned; गृहीतः (gṛhītaḥ) - seized; तत्कारी (tatkārī) - the doer of that; तज्ज्ञैः (tajjñaiḥ) - by those who know that; दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen; सकारणः (sakāraṇaḥ) - with reason; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; मुच्यते (mucyate) - is released; स्तेनः (stenaḥ) - the thief; द्रव्यलोभात् (dravyalobhāt) - from greed for wealth; नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men;]

(Questioned, seized, the doer of that, seen by those who know that, with reason, whether the thief is not released from greed for wealth, O best of men.)

O best of men, when the doer of that act is questioned, seized, and seen by those who know the matter, and the reason is established, is the thief not released out of greed for wealth? (2-5-94)

व्युत्पन्ने कच्चिदाढ्यस्य दरिद्रस्य च भारत। अर्थान्न मिथ्या पश्यन्ति तवामात्या हृता धनैः ॥२-५-९५॥

vyutpanne kaccid āḍhyasya daridrasya ca bhārata। arthān na mithyā paśyanti tvām ātyā hṛtā dhanaiḥ ॥2-5-95॥

[व्युत्पन्ने (vyutpanne) - when instructed; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आढ्यस्य (āḍhyasya) - of the wealthy; दरिद्रस्य (daridrasya) - of the poor; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; अर्थान् (arthān) - wealth; न (na) - not; मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - see; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; आमात्याः (āmātyāḥ) - ministers; हृता (hṛtā) - corrupted; धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by riches;]

(When instructed, O Bhārata, do your ministers, corrupted by riches, not see you falsely regarding the wealth of the rich and the poor?)

O Bhārata, when instructed, do your ministers, corrupted by riches, not misrepresent you regarding the wealth of the rich and the poor? (2-5-95)

नास्तिक्यमनृतं क्रोधं प्रमादं दीर्घसूत्रताम्। अदर्शनं ज्ञानवतामालस्यं क्षिप्तचित्तताम् ॥२-५-९६॥

nāstikyamanṛtaṃ krodhaṃ pramādaṃ dīrghasūtratām। adarśanaṃ jñānavatāmālasyaṃ kṣiptacittatām ॥2-5-96॥

[नास्तिक्यम् (nāstikyam) - atheism; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; प्रमादम् (pramādam) - negligence; दीर्घसूत्रताम् (dīrghasūtratām) - procrastination; अदर्शनम् (adarśanam) - not seeing; ज्ञानवताम् (jñānavatām) - of the wise; आलस्यं (ālasyaṃ) - laziness; क्षिप्तचित्तताम् (kṣiptacittatām) - distracted mind;]

(Atheism, falsehood, anger, negligence, procrastination, not seeing, laziness of the wise, distracted mind.)

Atheism, falsehood, anger, negligence, procrastination, lack of discernment, laziness among the wise, and a distracted mind (2-5-96).

एकचिन्तनमर्थानामनर्थज्ञैश्च चिन्तनम्। निश्चितानामनारम्भं मन्त्रस्यापरिरक्षणम् ॥२-५-९७॥

ekacintanam arthānām anartha-jñaiḥ ca cintanam। niścitānām anārambhaṃ mantrasya aparirakṣaṇam ॥2-5-97॥

[एकचिन्तनम् (eka-cintanam) - single consideration; अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of matters; अनर्थज्ञैः (anartha-jñaiḥ) - by those ignorant of misfortune; च (ca) - and; चिन्तनम् (cintanam) - deliberation; निश्चितानाम् (niścitānām) - of those determined; अनारम्भम् (anārambham) - non-commencement; मन्त्रस्य (mantrasya) - of counsel; अपरिरक्षणम् (aparirakṣaṇam) - non-protection; ॥२-५-९७॥ (॥2-5-97॥) -;]

(Single consideration of matters, deliberation by those ignorant of misfortune, non-commencement by those determined, non-protection of counsel.)

Considering matters only once, consulting with those ignorant of misfortune, failing to act on determined plans, and not safeguarding counsel—these are faults. (2-5-97)

मङ्गल्यस्याप्रयोगं च प्रसङ्गं विषयेषु च। कच्चित्त्वं वर्जयस्येतान्राजदोषांश्चतुर्दश ॥२-५-९८॥

maṅgalyasyāprayogaṃ ca prasaṅgaṃ viṣayeṣu ca। kaccittvaṃ varjayasyetān rājadoṣāṃś caturdaśa ॥2-5-98॥

[मङ्गल्यस्य (maṅgalyasya) - of auspiciousness; अप्रयोगं (aprayogaṃ) - non-application; च (ca) - and; प्रसङ्गं (prasaṅgaṃ) - attachment; विषयेṣu (viṣayeṣu) - in sense-objects; च (ca) - and; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; वर्जयस्य (varjayasi) - avoid; एतान् (etān) - these; राजदोषान् (rājadoṣān) - royal faults; चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen;]

(Of auspiciousness non-application and attachment in sense-objects and whether you avoid these royal faults fourteen.)

Do you avoid these fourteen royal faults, such as the non-application of auspiciousness and attachment to sense-objects? (2-5-98)

कच्चित्ते सफला वेदाः कच्चित्ते सफलं धनम्। कच्चित्ते सफला दाराः कच्चित्ते सफलं श्रुतम् ॥२-५-९९॥

kaccitte saphalā vedāḥ kaccitte saphalaṃ dhanam। kaccitte saphalā dārāḥ kaccitte saphalaṃ śrutam ॥2-5-99॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; ते (te) - to you; सफलाः (saphalāḥ) - fruitful; successful; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - Vedas; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; ते (te) - to you; सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful; successful; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; ते (te) - to you; सफलाः (saphalāḥ) - fruitful; successful; दाराः (dārāḥ) - wives; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; ते (te) - to you; सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful; successful; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning;]

(Whether to you the Vedas are fruitful; whether to you the wealth is fruitful; whether to you the wives are fruitful; whether to you the learning is fruitful.)

Are the Vedas fruitful for you? Is your wealth fruitful? Are your wives fruitful? Is your learning fruitful? (2-5-99)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]

(Yudhishthira said;)

Yudhishthira said.

कथं वै सफला वेदाः कथं वै सफलं धनम्। कथं वै सफला दाराः कथं वै सफलं श्रुतम् ॥२-५-१००॥

kathaṁ vai saphalā vedāḥ kathaṁ vai saphalaṁ dhanam। kathaṁ vai saphalā dārāḥ kathaṁ vai saphalaṁ śrutam ॥2-5-100॥

[कथं (katham) - how; वै (vai) - indeed; सफला (saphalā) - fruitful (feminine plural); वेदाः (vedāḥ) - Vedas; कथं (katham) - how; वै (vai) - indeed; सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful (neuter singular); धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; कथं (katham) - how; वै (vai) - indeed; सफला (saphalā) - fruitful (feminine plural); दाराः (dārāḥ) - wives; कथं (katham) - how; वै (vai) - indeed; सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful (neuter singular); श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning;]

(How indeed are the Vedas fruitful? How indeed is wealth fruitful? How indeed are wives fruitful? How indeed is learning fruitful?)

How indeed do the Vedas become fruitful? How does wealth become fruitful? How do wives become fruitful? How does learning become fruitful? (2-5-100)

नारद उवाच॥

nārada uvāca॥

[नारद (nārada) - Nārada; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Nārada said;)

Nārada said.

अग्निहोत्रफला वेदा दत्तभुक्तफलं धनम्। रतिपुत्रफला दाराः शीलवृत्तफलं श्रुतम् ॥२-५-१०१॥

agnihotraphalā vedā dattabhuktaphalaṃ dhanam। ratiputraphalā dārāḥ śīlavṛttaphalaṃ śrutam ॥2-5-101॥

[अग्निहोत्रफला (agnihotraphalā) - having the fruit of agnihotra; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas; दत्तभुक्तफलं (dattabhuktaphalaṃ) - having the fruit of what is given and enjoyed; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; रतिपुत्रफला (ratiputraphalā) - having the fruit of pleasure and sons; दाराः (dārāḥ) - wives; शीलवृत्तफलं (śīlavṛttaphalaṃ) - having the fruit of conduct and character; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning;]

(The Vedas have the fruit of agnihotra; wealth has the fruit of what is given and enjoyed; wives have the fruit of pleasure and sons; learning has the fruit of conduct and character.)

The Vedas yield the fruit of agnihotra; wealth yields the fruit of what is given and enjoyed; wives yield the fruit of pleasure and sons; learning yields the fruit of conduct and character. (2-5-101)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतदाख्याय स मुनिर्नारदः सुमहातपाः। पप्रच्छानन्तरमिदं धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥२-५-१०२॥

etad-ākhyāya sa muniḥ nāradaḥ sumahātapāḥ। papracchānantaram idaṃ dharmātmānaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram ॥2-5-102॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; आख्याय (ākhyāya) - having narrated; सः (saḥ) - he; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage; नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada; सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - of great austerity; पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked; अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately after; इदं (idaṃ) - this; धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - the righteous-souled; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(Having narrated this, the sage Nārada of great austerity immediately after asked this to the righteous-souled Yudhiṣṭhira.)

After narrating this, the sage Nārada, possessed of great austerity, immediately asked this question to the righteous Yudhiṣṭhira. (2-5-102)

नारद उवाच॥

nārada uvāca॥

[नारद (nārada) - Nārada; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]

(Nārada said;)

Nārada said.

कच्चिदभ्यागता दूराद्वणिजो लाभकारणात्। यथोक्तमवहार्यन्ते शुल्कं शुल्कोपजीविभिः ॥२-५-१०३॥

kaccidabhyāgatā dūrādvaṇijo lābhakāraṇāt। yathoktamavahāryante śulkaṃ śulkopajīvibhiḥ ॥2-5-103॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अभ्यागता (abhyāgatā) - have arrived; दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar; वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants; लाभकारणात् (lābhakāraṇāt) - for the sake of profit; यथोक्तम् (yathoktam) - as stated; अवहार्यन्ते (avahāryante) - are collected; शुल्कम् (śulkam) - tax; शुल्कोपजीविभिः (śulkopajīvibhiḥ) - by those who live on taxes;]

(Whether the merchants who have arrived from afar for the sake of profit, as stated, have their tax collected by those who live on taxes.)

Have the merchants who have come from distant places for profit, as stated, had their taxes collected by the tax collectors? (2-5-103)

कच्चित्ते पुरुषा राजन्पुरे राष्ट्रे च मानिताः। उपानयन्ति पण्यानि उपधाभिरवञ्चिताः ॥२-५-१०४॥

kaccitte puruṣā rājanpure rāṣṭre ca mānitāḥ। upānayanti paṇyāni upadhābhiravañcitāḥ ॥2-5-104॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; ते (te) - your; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पुरे (pure) - in the city; राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom; च (ca) - and; मानिताः (mānitāḥ) - respected; उपानयन्ति (upānayanti) - bring; पण्यानि (paṇyāni) - goods; उपधाभिः (upadhābhiḥ) - by deceits; अवञ्चिताः (avañcitāḥ) - not cheated;]

(Whether your men, O king, in the city and in the kingdom are respected; (and) bring goods not cheated by deceits.)

O king, are your men in the city and in the kingdom respected, and do they bring goods without being cheated by deceits? (2-5-104)

कच्चिच्छृणोषि वृद्धानां धर्मार्थसहिता गिरः। नित्यमर्थविदां तात तथा धर्मानुदर्शिनाम् ॥२-५-१०५॥

kaccic chṛṇoṣi vṛddhānāṃ dharmārthasahitā giraḥ। nityam arthavidāṃ tāta tathā dharmānudarśinām ॥2-5-105॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; शृणोषि (śṛṇoṣi) - you hear; वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders; धर्मार्थसहिताः (dharmārthasahitāḥ) - accompanied by righteousness and purpose; गिरः (giraḥ) - words; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अर्थविदाम् (arthavidām) - of those who know the meaning; तात (tāta) - dear one; तथा (tathā) - also; धर्मानुदर्शिनाम् (dharmānudarśinām) - of those who observe righteousness;]

(Whether you hear the words of the elders, accompanied by righteousness and purpose, always, O dear one, also of those who know the meaning and of those who observe righteousness.)

Dear one, do you always listen to the words of the elders, which are accompanied by righteousness and purpose, as well as to those of the wise and the observers of righteousness? (2-5-105)

कच्चित्ते कृषितन्त्रेषु गोषु पुष्पफलेषु च। धर्मार्थं च द्विजातिभ्यो दीयते मधुसर्पिषी ॥२-५-१०६॥

kaccitte kṛṣitantreṣu goṣu puṣpaphaleṣu ca। dharmārthaṃ ca dvijātibhyo dīyate madhusarpiṣī ॥2-5-106॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; ते (te) - to you; कृषितन्त्रेषु (kṛṣitantreṣu) - in agricultural systems; गोषु (goṣu) - in cows; पुष्पफलेषु (puṣpaphaleṣu) - in flowers and fruits; च (ca) - and; धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of dharma; च (ca) - and; द्विजातिभ्यः (dvijātibhyaḥ) - to the twice-born; दीयते (dīyate) - is given; मधुसर्पिषी (madhusarpiṣī) - honey and ghee;]

(Whether to you, in agricultural systems, in cows, in flowers and fruits, and for the sake of dharma, and to the twice-born, honey and ghee are given.)

Are honey and ghee being given to the twice-born for the sake of dharma from your agricultural produce, cows, and flowers and fruits? (2-5-106)

द्रव्योपकरणं कच्चित्सर्वदा सर्वशिल्पिनाम्। चातुर्मास्यावरं सम्यङ्नियतं सम्प्रयच्छसि ॥२-५-१०७॥

dravyopakaraṇaṃ kaccitsarvadā sarvaśilpinām। cāturmāsyāvaraṃ samyaṅniyataṃ samprayacchasi ॥2-5-107॥

[द्रव्य (dravya) - substance; उपकरणम् (upakaraṇam) - instrument; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; सर्वशिल्पिनाम् (sarvaśilpinām) - of all artisans; चातुर्मास्य (cāturmāsya) - pertaining to the four-month period; अवरम् (avaram) - inferior; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; नियतं (niyatam) - regularly; सम्प्रयच्छसि (samprayacchasi) - you provide;]

(Do you always properly and regularly provide all substances and instruments, even the inferior ones, pertaining to the four-month period, to all artisans?)

Do you ensure that all materials and tools, including the lesser ones required for the four-month observance, are always properly and regularly supplied to all artisans? (2-5-107)

कच्चित्कृतं विजानीषे कर्तारं च प्रशंससि। सतां मध्ये महाराज सत्करोषि च पूजयन् ॥२-५-१०८॥

kaccit kṛtaṃ vijānīṣe kartāraṃ ca praśaṃsasi. satāṃ madhye mahārāja satkaroṣi ca pūjayan ॥2-5-108॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; कृतम् (kṛtam) - the deed; विजानीषे (vijānīṣe) - you recognize; कर्तारम् (kartāram) - the doer; च (ca) - and; प्रशंससि (praśaṃsasi) - you praise; सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous; मध्ये (madhye) - among; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; सत्करोषि (satkaroṣi) - you honor; च (ca) - and; पूजयन् (pūjayan) - worshipping;]

(Whether you recognize the deed and praise the doer, and among the virtuous, O great king, you honor and worship (them).)

O great king, do you recognize the deed and praise the doer? And among the virtuous, do you honor and worship them? (2-5-108)

कच्चित्सूत्राणि सर्वाणि गृह्णासि भरतर्षभ। हस्तिसूत्राश्वसूत्राणि रथसूत्राणि चाभिभो ॥२-५-१०९॥

kaccitsūtrāṇi sarvāṇi gṛhṇāsi bharataṛṣabha. hastisūtrāśvasūtrāṇi rathasūtrāṇi cābhibho ॥2-5-109॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; (interrogative particle) सूत्राणि (sūtrāṇi) - cords; (plural, neuter) सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; (plural, neuter) गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - you hold; (second person singular, present) भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; (epithet) हस्तिसूत्र (hastisūtra) - elephant-cords; (compound) अश्वसूत्राणि (aśvasūtrāṇi) - horse-cords; (plural, neuter) रथसूत्राणि (rathasūtrāṇi) - chariot-cords; (plural, neuter) च (ca) - and; अभिभो (abhibho) - O mighty one; (vocative);]

(Whether all the cords you hold, O bull among the Bharatas, elephant-cords, horse-cords, chariot-cords and, O mighty one.)

O foremost of the Bharatas, do you hold all the cords—those for elephants, horses, and chariots—O mighty one? (2-5-109)

कच्चिदभ्यस्यते शश्वद्गृहे ते भरतर्षभ। धनुर्वेदस्य सूत्रं च यन्त्रसूत्रं च नागरम् ॥२-५-११०॥

kaccid abhyasyate śaśvad gṛhe te bharatarṣabha। dhanurvedasya sūtraṃ ca yantrasūtraṃ ca nāgaram ॥2-5-110॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अभ्यस्यते (abhyasyate) - is practiced; शश्वत् (śaśvat) - always; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; ते (te) - your; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; धनुर्वेदस्य (dhanurvedasya) - of the science of archery; सूत्रं (sūtraṃ) - manual; च (ca) - and; यन्त्रसूत्रं (yantrasūtraṃ) - manual of mechanical devices; च (ca) - and; नागरम् (nāgaram) - urban (arts);]

(Whether the manual of the science of archery and the manual of mechanical devices and urban (arts) is always practiced in your house, O bull among the Bharatas?)

O foremost of the Bharatas, is the manual of archery, as well as the manual of mechanical devices and urban arts, regularly practiced in your house? (2-5-110)

कच्चिदस्त्राणि सर्वाणि ब्रह्मदण्डश्च तेऽनघ। विषयोगाश्च ते सर्वे विदिताः शत्रुनाशनाः ॥२-५-१११॥

kaccidastrāṇi sarvāṇi brahmadaṇḍaśca te'nagha। viṣayogāśca te sarve viditāḥ śatrunāśanāḥ ॥2-5-111॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - missiles; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; ब्रह्मदण्डः (brahmadaṇḍaḥ) - Brahma-staff; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; विषयोगाः (viṣayogāḥ) - poisonous mixtures; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; सर्वे (sarve) - all; विदिताः (viditāḥ) - known; शत्रुनाशनाः (śatrunāśanāḥ) - destroyers of enemies;]

(Whether all the missiles, the Brahma-staff, and your poisonous mixtures, O sinless one, and all your known destroyers of enemies?)

O sinless one, are all your missiles, the Brahma-staff, and all your poisonous mixtures and enemy-destroying weapons known to you? (2-5-111)

कच्चिदग्निभयाच्चैव सर्पव्यालभयात्तथा। रोगरक्षोभयाच्चैव राष्ट्रं स्वं परिरक्षसि ॥२-५-११२॥

kaccid agnibhayāc caiva sarpavyālabhayāt tathā। rogarakṣobhayāc caiva rāṣṭraṃ svaṃ parirakṣasi ॥2-5-112॥

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अग्नि (agni) - fire; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सर्प (sarpa) - serpent; व्याल (vyāla) - wild beast; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; तथा (tathā) - also; रोग (roga) - disease; रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - demon; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; स्वम् (svam) - your own; परिरक्षसि (parirakṣasi) - do you protect;]

(Whether, from fear of fire and indeed from fear of serpents and wild beasts also, and from fear of disease and demons indeed, do you protect your own kingdom?)

Do you ensure the protection of your own kingdom from the dangers of fire, serpents, wild beasts, diseases, and demons? (2-5-112)

कच्चिदन्धांश्च मूकांश्च पङ्गून्व्यङ्गानबान्धवान्। पितेव पासि धर्मज्ञ तथा प्रव्रजितानपि ॥२-५-११३॥

kaccid andhāṁś ca mūkāṁś ca paṅgūn vyaṅgān abāndhavān | pitā iva pāsi dharmajña tathā pravrajitān api ||2-5-113||

[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; अन्धान् (andhān) - the blind; च (ca) - and; मूकान् (mūkān) - the mute; च (ca) - and; पङ्गून् (paṅgūn) - the lame; व्यङ्गान् (vyaṅgān) - the deformed; अबान्धवान् (abāndhavān) - those without relatives; पिता (pitā) - father; इव (iva) - like; पासि (pāsi) - do you protect; धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of dharma; तथा (tathā) - also; प्रव्रजितान् (pravrajitān) - the ascetics; अपि (api) - also;]

(Whether the blind and the mute and the lame, the deformed, those without relatives, like a father, do you protect, O knower of dharma, also the ascetics also?)

O knower of dharma, do you protect the blind, the mute, the lame, the deformed, and those without relatives, just as a father would? And do you also care for the ascetics? (2-5-113)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एताः कुरूणामृषभो महात्मा; श्रुत्वा गिरो ब्राह्मणसत्तमस्य। प्रणम्य पादावभिवाद्य हृष्टो; राजाब्रवीन्नारदं देवरूपम् ॥२-५-११४॥

etāḥ kurūṇām ṛṣabho mahātmā; śrutvā giro brāhmaṇasattamasya। praṇamya pādāv abhivādya hṛṣṭaḥ; rājā abravīn nāradaṃ devarūpam ॥2-5-114॥

[एताः (etāḥ) - these; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - bull; महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; गिरः (giraḥ) - words; ब्राह्मणसत्तमस्य (brāhmaṇasattamasya) - of the foremost Brāhmaṇa; प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed; पादौ (pādau) - feet; अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted; हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - gladdened; राजा (rājā) - the king; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; नारदम् (nāradam) - to Nārada; देवरूपम् (devarūpam) - divine form;]

(These, the bull among the Kurus, the great-souled one, having heard the words of the foremost Brāhmaṇa, having bowed and saluted the feet, gladdened, the king said to Nārada of divine form.)

Hearing these words of the foremost Brāhmaṇa, the great-souled bull among the Kurus, the king, joyfully bowed and saluted the feet of Nārada of divine form, and spoke to him. (2-5-114)

एवं करिष्यामि यथा त्वयोक्तं; प्रज्ञा हि मे भूय एवाभिवृद्धा। उक्त्वा तथा चैव चकार राजा; लेभे महीं सागरमेखलां च ॥२-५-११५॥

evaṃ kariṣyāmi yathā tvayoktaṃ; prajñā hi me bhūya evābhivṛddhā. uktvā tathā caiva cakāra rājā; lebhe mahīṃ sāgaramekhalāṃ ca ॥2-5-115॥

[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I shall do; यथा (yathā) - as; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; उक्तं (uktaṃ) - spoken; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - my; भूय (bhūya) - further; एव (eva) - indeed; अभिवृद्धा (abhivṛddhā) - increased; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; तथा (tathā) - thus; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; चकार (cakāra) - he did; राजा (rājā) - the king; लेभे (lebhe) - obtained; महीं (mahīṃ) - the earth; सागरमेखलां (sāgaramekhalāṃ) - girdled by the ocean; च (ca) - and;]

(Thus I shall do as spoken by you; indeed, my wisdom has further increased. Having spoken thus, the king indeed did so; he obtained the earth girdled by the ocean. (2-5-115))

"I will act as you have said; indeed, my wisdom has grown even more." Having said this, the king did accordingly and gained the earth encircled by the ocean. (2-5-115)

नारद उवाच॥

nārada uvāca॥

[नारद (nārada) - Nārada; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]

(Nārada said;)

Nārada said.

एवं यो वर्तते राजा चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य रक्षणे। स विहृत्येह सुसुखी शक्रस्यैति सलोकताम् ॥२-५-११६॥

evaṃ yo vartate rājā cāturvarṇyasya rakṣaṇe। sa vihṛtyeha susukhī śakrasya eti salokatām ॥2-5-116॥

[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; यः (yaḥ) - who; वर्तते (vartate) - acts; राजा (rājā) - king; चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य (cāturvarṇyasya) - of the four varṇas; रक्षणे (rakṣaṇe) - in protection; सः (saḥ) - he; विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - having enjoyed; इह (iha) - here; सुसुखी (susukhī) - very happy; शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Indra; एति (eti) - attains; सलोकताम् (salokatām) - the same world;]

(Thus, the king who acts in the protection of the four varṇas, he, having enjoyed here, very happy, attains the same world as Indra.)

Thus, the king who protects the four varṇas, after enjoying happiness here, attains the same world as Indra. (2-5-116)