03.034
Core: Bhima condemns Yudhisthira’s gentleness and gives his distorted view of Dharma, artha and Kama.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
याज्ञसेन्या वचः श्रुत्वा भीमसेनोऽत्यमर्षणः। निःश्वसन्नुपसङ्गम्य क्रुद्धो राजानमब्रवीत् ॥३-३४-१॥
yājñasenyā vacaḥ śrutvā bhīmaseno’tyamarṣaṇaḥ। niḥśvasannupasaṅgamya kruddho rājānamabravīt ॥3-34-1॥
[याज्ञसेन्या (yājñasenyā) - by Yājñasenī (Draupadī); वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena; अत्यमरषणः (atyamarṣaṇaḥ) - exceedingly impatient; निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing; उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - having approached; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; राजानम् (rājānam) - the king; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]
(Having heard the speech by Yājñasenī, Bhīmasena, exceedingly impatient, sighing, having approached, angry, said to the king.)
When Bhīmasena heard the words of Yājñasenī, he, overcome with impatience, sighed, approached the king in anger, and spoke. (3-34-1)
राज्यस्य पदवीं धर्म्यां व्रज सत्पुरुषोचिताम्। धर्मकामार्थहीनानां किं नो वस्तुं तपोवने ॥३-३४-२॥
rājyasya padavīṃ dharmyāṃ vraja satpuruṣocitām। dharmakāmārthahīnānāṃ kiṃ no vastuṃ tapovane ॥3-34-2॥
[राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - of the kingdom; पदवीं (padavīm) - position; धर्म्यां (dharmyām) - righteous; व्रज (vraja) - go; सत्पुरुषोचिताम् (satpuruṣocitām) - befitting noble persons; धर्मकामार्थहीनानां (dharmakāmārthahīnānām) - of those deprived of dharma, desire, and wealth; किं (kiṃ) - what; नः (naḥ) - for us; वस्तुं (vastuṃ) - to dwell; तपोवने (tapovane) - in the forest of austerities;]
(Of the kingdom the righteous position go, befitting noble persons; of those deprived of dharma, desire, and wealth, what for us to dwell in the forest of austerities?)
Go to the righteous position of the kingdom, which is befitting for noble persons; for those deprived of dharma, desire, and wealth, what is the point for us to dwell in the forest of austerities? (3-34-2)
नैव धर्मेण तद्राज्यं नार्जवेन न चौजसा। अक्षकूटमधिष्ठाय हृतं दुर्योधनेन नः ॥३-३४-३॥
naiva dharmeṇa tadrājyaṃ nārjavena na caujasā। akṣakūṭamadhiṣṭhāya hṛtaṃ duryodhanena naḥ ॥3-34-3॥
[नैव (naiva) - not indeed; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; तत् (tat) - that; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; न (na) - not; आर्जवेन (ārjavena) - by honesty; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; औजसा (aujasā) - by strength; अक्षकूटम् (akṣakūṭam) - dice-board; अधिष्ठाय (adhiṣṭhāya) - having resorted to; हृतम् (hṛtam) - taken away; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; नः (naḥ) - our;]
(Not indeed by righteousness that kingdom, not by honesty, not and by strength; dice-board having resorted to, taken away by Duryodhana our.)
That kingdom of ours was not taken away by Duryodhana through righteousness, nor by honesty, nor by strength; it was taken away by him by resorting to the dice-board. (3-34-3)
गोमायुनेव सिंहानां दुर्बलेन बलीयसाम्। आमिषं विघसाशेन तद्वद्राज्यं हि नो हृतम् ॥३-३४-४॥
gomāyuneva siṃhānāṃ durbalena balīyasām। āmiṣaṃ vighasāśena tadvadrājyaṃ hi no hṛtam ॥3-34-4॥
[गोमायुना (gomāyunā) - by the jackal; इव (iva) - like; सिंहानाम् (siṃhānām) - of the lions; दुर्बलेन (durbalena) - by the weak; बलीयसाम् (balīyasām) - of the strong; आमिषम् (āmiṣam) - meat; विघसाशेन (vighasāśena) - by the eater of remnants; तद्वत् (tadvat) - in that way; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; हि (hi) - indeed; नः (naḥ) - our; हृतम् (hṛtam) - has been taken away;]
(By the jackal, like of the lions, by the weak, of the strong, meat, by the eater of remnants, in that way, kingdom, indeed, our, has been taken away.)
Just as the jackal, though weak, took the meat from the strong lions, in the same way, our kingdom has indeed been taken away by the eater of remnants. (3-34-4)
धर्मलेशप्रतिच्छन्नः प्रभवं धर्मकामयोः। अर्थमुत्सृज्य किं राजन्दुर्गेषु परितप्यसे ॥३-३४-५॥
dharmaleśapraticchannaḥ prabhavaṃ dharmakāmayoḥ। artham utsṛjya kiṃ rājan durgeṣu paritapyase ॥3-34-5॥
[धर्म (dharma) - virtue; लेश (leśa) - trace; प्रतिच्छन्नः (praticchannaḥ) - covered; प्रभवं (prabhavam) - origin; धर्म (dharma) - virtue; कामयोः (kāmayoḥ) - and desire; (dual genitive) अर्थम् (artham) - wealth; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning; किं (kiṃ) - why; राजन् (rājan) - O king; दुर्गेषु (durgeṣu) - in fortresses; परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - do you grieve;]
(Covered by a trace of virtue, the origin of virtue and desire, abandoning wealth, why, O king, do you grieve in fortresses?)
O king, with only a trace of virtue covering you, and being the source of virtue and desire, why do you abandon wealth and grieve in the fortresses? (3-34-5)
भवतोऽनुविधानेन राज्यं नः पश्यतां हृतम्। अहार्यमपि शक्रेण गुप्तं गाण्डीवधन्वना ॥३-३४-६॥
bhavato'nuvidhānena rājyaṃ naḥ paśyatāṃ hṛtam। ahāryam api śakreṇa guptaṃ gāṇḍīvadhanvanā ॥3-34-6॥
[भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you; (plural); अनुविधानेन (anuvidhānena) - by the compliance; by following; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; नः (naḥ) - our; (of us); पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while we were watching; of those seeing; हृतम् (hṛtam) - taken away; stolen; अहार्यम् (ahāryam) - not to be taken; unstealable; अपि (api) - even; शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Śakra; by Indra; गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected; गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow; (Arjuna);]
(By your compliance, our kingdom was taken away while we were watching; even that which was unstealable, protected by Śakra, by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow.)
Because of your compliance, our kingdom was taken away before our very eyes; even that which could not be taken, protected by Indra and by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna), was lost. (3-34-6)
कुणीनामिव बिल्वानि पङ्गूनामिव धेनवः। हृतमैश्वर्यमस्माकं जीवतां भवतः कृते ॥३-३४-७॥
kuṇīnām iva bilvāni paṅgūnām iva dhenavaḥ। hṛtam-aiśvaryam-asmākaṃ jīvatāṃ bhavataḥ kṛte ॥3-34-7॥
[कुणीनाम् (kuṇīnām) - of the crippled; (genitive plural of kuṇī); इव (iva) - like; as; बिल्वानि (bilvāni) - bilva fruits; (neuter plural of bilva); पङ्गूनाम् (paṅgūnām) - of the lame; (genitive plural of paṅgu); इव (iva) - like; as; धेनवः (dhenavaḥ) - cows; (nominative plural of dhenu); हृतम् (hṛtam) - taken away; stolen; ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity; sovereignty; अस्माकम् (asmākam) - of us; our; जीवताम् (jīvatām) - of the living; (genitive plural of jīvat); भवतः (bhavataḥ) - for your; for you; (genitive of bhavat); कृते (kṛte) - for the sake of; on account of;]
(Of the crippled like bilva fruits, of the lame like cows; our prosperity has been taken away for the sake of you, the living.)
Just as bilva fruits are for the crippled and cows for the lame, our prosperity has been taken away for your sake, you who are alive. (3-34-7)
भवतः प्रियमित्येवं महद्व्यसनमीदृशम्। धर्मकामे प्रतीतस्य प्रतिपन्नाः स्म भारत ॥३-३४-८॥
bhavataḥ priyam ity evaṃ mahad vyasanam īdṛśam। dharma-kāme pratītasya pratipannāḥ sma bhārata ॥3-34-8॥
[भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; beloved; इति (iti) - thus; so; एवम् (evaṃ) - in this way; thus; महत् (mahat) - great; व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity; misfortune; ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such; of this kind; धर्मकामे (dharma-kāme) - in one who desires dharma; प्रतीतस्य (pratītasya) - of the convinced; of the trusted; प्रतिपन्नाः (pratipannāḥ) - have undertaken; have engaged; स्म (sma) - indeed; truly; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Of you dear thus in this way great calamity such in one who desires dharma of the convinced have undertaken indeed O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, believing that it was dear to you in this way, we have indeed undertaken such a great calamity, trusting in one who desires dharma. (3-34-8)
कर्शयामः स्वमित्राणि नन्दयामश्च शात्रवान्। आत्मानं भवतः शास्त्रे नियम्य भरतर्षभ ॥३-३४-९॥
karśayāmaḥ svamitrāṇi nandayāmaś ca śātravān। ātmānaṃ bhavataḥ śāstre niyamya bharatarṣabha ॥3-34-9॥
[कर्शयामः (karśayāmaḥ) - we torment; (from kṛś dhātu, causative, 1st person plural); स्वमित्राणि (svamitrāṇi) - our friends; (sva + mitra, accusative plural); नन्दयामश्च (nandayāmaś ca) - we gladden and; (nand dhātu, causative, 1st person plural + ca, and); शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies; (śatru, accusative plural); आत्मानं (ātmānam) - oneself; (ātman, accusative singular); भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your; (of you, genitive singular); शास्त्रे (śāstre) - in the śāstra; (locative singular); नियम्य (niyamya) - having restrained; (from ni-yam, absolutive); भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O bull among the Bharatas; (vocative singular);]
(We torment our friends, and we gladden enemies; oneself, having restrained in your śāstra, O bull among the Bharatas.)
We torment our own friends and gladden our enemies; restrain yourself in your śāstra, O best of the Bharatas. (3-34-9)
यद्वयं न तदैवैतान्धार्तराष्ट्रान्निहन्महि। भवतः शास्त्रमादाय तन्नस्तपति दुष्कृतम् ॥३-३४-१०॥
yad vayaṃ na tadaivaitān dhārtarāṣṭrān nihanmāhi। bhavataḥ śāstram ādāya tan nas tapati duṣkṛtam ॥3-34-10॥
[यत् (yat) - which; वयम् (vayam) - we; न (na) - not; तदा (tadā) - then; एव (eva) - indeed; एतान् (etān) - these; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; निहन्महि (nihanmahi) - we slay; भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your; शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - injunction; आदाय (ādāya) - having taken; तत् (tat) - that; नः (naḥ) - us; तपति (tapati) - afflicts; दुष्कृतम् (duṣkṛtam) - evil deed;]
(Which we not then indeed these sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra we slay; your injunction having taken, that us afflicts evil deed.)
Because we did not slay these sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra at that time, having followed your injunction, that evil deed now afflicts us. (3-34-10)
अथैनामन्ववेक्षस्व मृगचर्यामिवात्मनः। अवीराचरितां राजन्न बलस्थैर्निषेविताम् ॥३-३४-११॥
athaināmanvavekṣasva mṛgacaryāmivātmanaḥ। avīrācaritāṃ rājanna balasthairniṣevitām ॥3-34-11॥
[अथ (atha) - now; then; एनाम् (enām) - this (her); अन्ववेक्षस्व (anvavekṣasva) - examine; observe; मृगचर्याम् (mṛgacaryām) - wandering of deer; deer-roaming; इव (iva) - like; as; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of yourself; of the self; अवीराचरिताम् (avīrācaritām) - not performed by heroes; unheroically conducted; राजन् (rājan) - O king; बलस्थैः (balasthaiḥ) - by those stationed in the army; by the strong; निषेविताम् (niṣevitām) - practiced; followed;]
(Now, this (her) examine, like the wandering of deer, of yourself; not performed by heroes, O king, by those stationed in the army, practiced.)
Now, O king, examine this matter yourself, as you would the wandering of deer; it has not been practiced by heroes, but only by those stationed in the army. (3-34-11)
यां न कृष्णो न बीभत्सुर्नाभिमन्युर्न सृञ्जयः। न चाहमभिनन्दामि न च माद्रीसुतावुभौ ॥३-३४-१२॥
yāṃ na kṛṣṇo na bībhatsur nābhimanyur na sṛñjayaḥ। na cāham abhinandāmi na ca mādrīsutāv ubhau ॥3-34-12॥
[यां (yāṃ) - whom; न (na) - not; कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa; न (na) - not; बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bībhatsu (Arjuna); न (na) - not; अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu; न (na) - not; सृञ्जयः (sṛñjayaḥ) - Sṛñjaya (Yudhiṣṭhira); न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; अभिनन्दामि (abhinandāmi) - approve; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; माद्रीसुतौ (mādrīsutau) - the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva); उभौ (ubhau) - both;]
(Whom not Kṛṣṇa, not Bībhatsu, not Abhimanyu, not Sṛñjaya; not and I approve, not and Mādrī's two sons both.)
The one whom neither Kṛṣṇa, nor Arjuna, nor Abhimanyu, nor Yudhiṣṭhira, nor I approve, nor do both the sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva) (3-34-12).
भवान्धर्मो धर्म इति सततं व्रतकर्शितः। कच्चिद्राजन्न निर्वेदादापन्नः क्लीबजीविकाम् ॥३-३४-१३॥
bhavāndharmo dharma iti satataṃ vratakarśitaḥ। kaccidrājanna nirvedādāpannaḥ klībajīvikām ॥3-34-13॥
[भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific); धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; law; धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; law; इति (iti) - thus; so; सततम् (satatam) - always; constantly; व्रतकर्शितः (vratakarśitaḥ) - emaciated by vows; worn out by austerities; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; surely; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; निर्वेदात् (nirvedāt) - from despair; from dispassion; आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - fallen into; attained; क्लीबजीविकाम् (klībajīvikām) - unmanly livelihood; livelihood of the impotent;]
(You, righteousness, righteousness thus always emaciated by vows; whether, O king, not from despair fallen into unmanly livelihood. (3-34-13))
You, who are always devoted to righteousness and worn out by vows, O king, have not, I hope, fallen into an unmanly way of life out of despair. (3-34-13)
दुर्मनुष्या हि निर्वेदमफलं सर्वघातिनम्। अशक्ताः श्रियमाहर्तुमात्मनः कुर्वते प्रियम् ॥३-३४-१४॥
durmanuṣyā hi nirvedam aphalaṃ sarvaghātinam। aśaktāḥ śriyam āhartum ātmanaḥ kurvate priyam ॥3-34-14॥
[दुर्मनुष्या (durmanuṣyā) - wicked people; हि (hi) - indeed; निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - despondency; अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless; सर्वघातिनम् (sarvaghātinam) - destroyer of all; अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - incapable; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; आहर्तुम् (āhartum) - to obtain; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for oneself; कुर्वते (kurvate) - do; प्रियम् (priyam) - what is pleasing;]
(Wicked people indeed (regard) despondency, fruitless, destroyer of all. Incapable (of) obtaining prosperity for oneself, do what is pleasing.)
Wicked people indeed consider despondency, which is fruitless and destroys everything, as dear; those incapable of obtaining prosperity for themselves do what pleases them. (3-34-14)
स भवान्दृष्टिमाञ्शक्तः पश्यन्नात्मनि पौरुषम्। आनृशंस्यपरो राजन्नानर्थमवबुध्यसे ॥३-३४-१५॥
sa bhavān dṛṣṭimān śaktaḥ paśyan ātmani pauruṣam। ānṛśaṁsyaparaḥ rājan nānartham avabudhyase ॥3-34-15॥
[स (sa) - he; भवान् (bhavān) - you; दृष्टिमान् (dṛṣṭimān) - possessed of vision; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable; पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing; आत्मनि (ātmani) - in oneself; पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - manliness; आनृशंस्यपरः (ānṛśaṁsyaparaḥ) - devoted to compassion; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; अनर्थम् (anartham) - evil; अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you perceive;]
(He, you, possessed of vision, capable, seeing manliness in oneself, devoted to compassion, O king, not evil you perceive.)
O king, you, endowed with vision and capability, seeing manliness in yourself and devoted to compassion, do not perceive evil. (3-34-15)
अस्मानमी धार्तराष्ट्राः क्षममाणानलं सतः। अशक्तानेव मन्यन्ते तद्दुःखं नाहवे वधः ॥३-३४-१६॥
asmānamī dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ kṣamamāṇānalaṃ sataḥ। aśaktāneva manyante tadduḥkhaṃ nāhave vadhaḥ ॥3-34-16॥
[अस्मान् (asmān) - us; (accusative plural of 'asmad') अमी (amī) - these; (nominative plural masculine) धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; क्षममाणान् (kṣamamāṇān) - enduring; (accusative plural masculine of 'kṣamamāṇa') अलम् (alam) - sufficient; (worthy, adequate) सतः (sataḥ) - being; (genitive singular of 'sat') अशक्तान् (aśaktān) - incapable; (accusative plural masculine of 'aśakta') इव (iva) - as if; (like) मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think; (3rd person plural middle) तत् (tat) - that; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - pain; (suffering) न (na) - not; आहवे (āhave) - in battle; (locative singular of 'āhava') वधः (vadhaḥ) - slaughter; (killing);]
(Us these sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra enduring sufficient being, as if incapable they think; that pain not in battle slaughter.)
These sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra think us, who are enduring and worthy, to be as if incapable; that is a pain, not the slaughter in battle. (3-34-16)
तत्र चेद्युध्यमानानामजिह्ममनिवर्तिनाम्। सर्वशो हि वधः श्रेयान्प्रेत्य लोकाँल्लभेमहि ॥३-३४-१७॥
tatra ced yudhyamānānām ajihmam anivartinām। sarvaśo hi vadhaḥ śreyān pretya lokāṁl labhemahi॥3-34-17॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; चेत् (cet) - if; युध्यमानानाम् (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting; अजिह्मम् (ajihmam) - not crooked; अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - not turning back; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely; हि (hi) - indeed; वधः (vadhaḥ) - slaying; श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better; प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; लभेमहि (labhemahi) - we may obtain;]
(There if of those fighting not crooked not turning back, entirely indeed slaying better, having died worlds we may obtain.)
There, if among those fighting, who are straightforward and do not turn back, it is indeed better to be slain entirely, for having died, we may obtain the worlds. (3-34-17)
अथ वा वयमेवैतान्निहत्य भरतर्षभ। आददीमहि गां सर्वां तथापि श्रेय एव नः ॥३-३४-१८॥
atha vā vayam eva etān nihatya bharatarṣabha। ādadīmahi gāṃ sarvāṃ tathā api śreya eva naḥ ॥3-34-18॥
[अथ (atha) - now; then; वा (vā) - or; वयम् (vayam) - we; एव (eva) - indeed; only; एतान् (etān) - these (persons); निहत्य (nihatya) - having slain; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; आददीमहि (ādadīmahi) - we may take; गाम् (gām) - earth; सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all; entire; तथा (tathā) - thus; so; अपि (api) - even; also; श्रेय (śreya) - better; superior; एव (eva) - indeed; only; नः (naḥ) - for us;]
(Now or we indeed, having slain these (persons), O bull among the Bharatas, may take the entire earth; even so, only better (is it) for us.)
Yet, even if we, O bull among the Bharatas, were to slay these men and take possession of the entire earth, still, only what is better is for us. (3-34-18)
सर्वथा कार्यमेतन्नः स्वधर्ममनुतिष्ठताम्। काङ्क्षतां विपुलां कीर्तिं वैरं प्रतिचिकीर्षताम् ॥३-३४-१९॥
sarvathā kāryam etan naḥ svadharmam anutiṣṭhatām। kāṅkṣatāṃ vipulāṃ kīrtiṃ vairaṃ praticikīrṣatām ॥3-34-19॥
[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; कार्यम् (kāryam) - action; एतत् (etat) - this; नः (naḥ) - our; स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - one's own duty; अनुतिष्ठताम् (anutiṣṭhatām) - should be performed; काङ्क्षताम् (kāṅkṣatām) - for those desiring; विपुलाम् (vipulām) - great; कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame; वैरम् (vairam) - enmity; प्रतिचिकीर्षताम् (praticikīrṣatām) - for those wishing to retaliate;]
(In every way, this action of ours, one's own duty, should be performed; for those desiring great fame, for those wishing to retaliate against enmity.)
This action, our own duty, must always be performed; it is for those who desire great fame and wish to retaliate against enmity. (3-34-19)
आत्मार्थं युध्यमानानां विदिते कृत्यलक्षणे। अन्यैरपहृते राज्ये प्रशंसैव न गर्हणा ॥३-३४-२०॥
ātmārthaṃ yudhyamānānāṃ vidite kṛtyalakṣaṇe। anyairapahṛte rājye praśaṃsaiva na garhaṇā ॥3-34-20॥
[आत्मार्थं (ātmārtham) - for one's own purpose; युध्यमानानां (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting; विदिते (vidite) - when known; कृत्यलक्षणे (kṛtyalakṣaṇe) - the characteristic of duty; अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others; अपहृते (apahṛte) - when taken away; राज्ये (rājye) - kingdom; प्रशंसा (praśaṃsā) - praise; एव (eva) - only; न (na) - not; गर्हणा (garhaṇā) - blame;]
(For one's own purpose, of those fighting, when the characteristic of duty is known, when the kingdom is taken away by others, only praise, not blame.)
When warriors fight for their own purpose, and the nature of duty is understood, if the kingdom is taken away by others, there is only praise, not blame. (3-34-20)
कर्शनार्थो हि यो धर्मो मित्राणामात्मनस्तथा। व्यसनं नाम तद्राजन्न स धर्मः कुधर्म तत् ॥३-३४-२१॥
karśanārtho hi yo dharmo mitrāṇām ātmanas tathā। vyasanaṃ nāma tad rājann sa dharmaḥ kudharma tat ॥3-34-21॥
[कर्शनार्थः (karśanārthaḥ) - for the purpose of harming; हि (hi) - indeed; यः (yaḥ) - which; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of friends; आत्मनः (ātmanas) - of oneself; तथा (tathā) - likewise; व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune; नाम (nāma) - called; तत् (tat) - that; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सः (saḥ) - that; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; कुधर्म (kudharma) - bad dharma; तत् (tat) - that;]
(For the purpose of harming indeed which dharma of friends and of oneself likewise, misfortune called that O king, that dharma is bad dharma, that.)
O king, any dharma which is intended to harm friends or oneself is called misfortune; that is not dharma, but bad dharma. (3-34-21)
सर्वथा धर्मनित्यं तु पुरुषं धर्मदुर्बलम्। जहतस्तात धर्मार्थौ प्रेतं दुःखसुखे यथा ॥३-३४-२२॥
sarvathā dharmanityaṃ tu puruṣaṃ dharmadurbalam। jahatastāta dharmārthau pretaṃ duḥkhasukhe yathā ॥3-34-22॥
[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; धर्मनित्यं (dharmanityam) - always devoted to dharma; तु (tu) - but; पुरुषं (puruṣam) - man; धर्मदुर्बलम् (dharmadurbalam) - weak in dharma; जहतः (jahataḥ) - having abandoned; तात (tāta) - O dear one; धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - dharma and artha; प्रेतं (pretaṃ) - the dead; दुःखसुखे (duḥkhasukhe) - pain and pleasure; यथा (yathā) - just as;]
(In every way, always devoted to dharma, but a man weak in dharma, O dear one, having abandoned dharma and artha, is like the dead with respect to pain and pleasure.)
O dear one, a man who is always devoted to dharma in every way, but is weak in dharma, having abandoned dharma and artha, is like a dead person with regard to pain and pleasure. (3-34-22)
यस्य धर्मो हि धर्मार्थं क्लेशभाङ्न स पण्डितः। न स धर्मस्य वेदार्थं सूर्यस्यान्धः प्रभामिव ॥३-३४-२३॥
yasya dharmo hi dharmārthaṃ kleśabhāṅ na sa paṇḍitaḥ। na sa dharmasya vedārthaṃ sūryasyāndhaḥ prabhām iva ॥3-34-23॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of righteousness; क्लेशभाक् (kleśabhāk) - one who suffers; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness; वेदार्थम् (vedārtham) - meaning of the Veda; सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun; अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind; प्रभाम् (prabhām) - light; इव (iva) - like;]
(Of whom righteousness indeed for the sake of righteousness suffering one is not wise. Not he of righteousness meaning of the Veda, of the sun blind light like.)
He whose righteousness is not for the sake of righteousness but is accompanied by suffering is not wise. He does not understand the meaning of righteousness in the Veda, just as a blind man does not perceive the light of the sun. (3-34-23)
यस्य चार्थार्थमेवार्थः स च नार्थस्य कोविदः। रक्षते भृतकोऽरण्यं यथा स्यात्तादृगेव सः ॥३-३४-२४॥
yasya cārthārthamevāarthaḥ sa ca nārthasya kovidaḥ। rakṣate bhṛtako'raṇyaṃ yathā syāttādṛgeva saḥ ॥3-34-24॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; च (ca) - and; अर्थार्थमेव (arthārthameva) - for the sake of wealth only; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth; कोविदः (kovidaḥ) - knower; रक्षते (rakṣate) - protects; भृतकः (bhṛtakaḥ) - a hired servant; अरण्यं (araṇyam) - forest; यथा (yathā) - just as; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; तादृक् (tādṛk) - such; एव (eva) - only; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Of whom and for the sake of wealth only is wealth, he and not of wealth the knower, protects a hired servant the forest just as would be such only he.)
He whose wealth is only for the sake of wealth, and who is not wise regarding wealth, protects the forest like a hired servant would; such is he. (3-34-24)
अतिवेलं हि योऽर्थार्थी नेतरावनुतिष्ठति। स वध्यः सर्वभूतानां ब्रह्महेव जुगुप्सितः ॥३-३४-२५॥
ativelaṃ hi yo'rthārthī netarāvanutiṣṭhati। sa vadhyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ brahmaheva jugupsitaḥ ॥3-34-25॥
[अतिवेलं (ativelaṃ) - excessive time; हि (hi) - indeed; यः (yaḥ) - who; अर्थार्थी (arthārthī) - seeker of wealth; न (na) - not; इतरे (itare) - others; अवनुतिष्ठति (avanutiṣṭhati) - does not wait; सः (saḥ) - he; वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - deserving to be killed; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; ब्रह्मा (brahma) - Brahman; एव (eva) - indeed; जुगुप्सितः (jugupsitaḥ) - despised;]
(Excessive time indeed who seeker of wealth not others does not wait he deserving to be killed of all beings Brahman indeed despised.)
He who, being a seeker of wealth, does not wait for others and acts at an improper time is considered deserving of death by all beings and is despised even by Brahman. (3-34-25)
सततं यश्च कामार्थी नेतरावनुतिष्ठति। मित्राणि तस्य नश्यन्ति धर्मार्थाभ्यां च हीयते ॥३-३४-२६॥
satataṃ yaś ca kāmārthī netarāvanutiṣṭhati। mitrāṇi tasya naśyanti dharmārthābhyāṃ ca hīyate ॥3-34-26॥
[सततम् (satatam) - always; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; कामार्थी (kāmārthī) - desiring pleasure; न (na) - not; इतरेषाम् (itareṣām) - of others; अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - does not follow; मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends; तस्य (tasya) - his; नश्यन्ति (naśyanti) - perish; धर्मार्थाभ्याम् (dharmārthābhyām) - by dharma and artha; च (ca) - and; हीयते (hīyate) - is deprived;]
(Always, who and desiring pleasure, not of others does not follow; friends his perish, by dharma and artha and is deprived.)
He who always seeks pleasure and does not follow the ways of others, his friends perish and he is deprived of both righteousness and wealth. (3-34-26)
तस्य धर्मार्थहीनस्य कामान्ते निधनं ध्रुवम्। कामतो रममाणस्य मीनस्येवाम्भसः क्षये ॥३-३४-२७॥
tasya dharmārthahīnasya kāmānte nidhanaṃ dhruvam। kāmato ramamāṇasya mīnasyevāmbhasaḥ kṣaye ॥3-34-27॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; धर्मार्थहीनस्य (dharmārthahīnasya) - of one devoid of dharma and artha; कामान्ते (kāmānte) - at the end of desire; निधनं (nidhanaṃ) - destruction; ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain; कामतः (kāmataḥ) - from desire; रममाणस्य (ramamāṇasya) - of one delighting; मीनस्य (mīnasya) - of the fish; इव (iva) - like; अम्भसः (ambhasaḥ) - of water; क्षये (kṣaye) - at the end;]
(Of him, of one devoid of dharma and artha, at the end of desire, destruction is certain. From desire, of one delighting, of the fish, like, of water, at the end.)
For one who is devoid of dharma and artha, destruction at the end of desire is certain, just as for a fish delighting in desire, destruction is certain when the water is gone. (3-34-27)
तस्माद्धर्मार्थयोर्नित्यं न प्रमाद्यन्ति पण्डिताः। प्रकृतिः सा हि कामस्य पावकस्यारणिर्यथा ॥३-३४-२८॥
tasmāddharmārthayornityaṃ na pramādyanti paṇḍitāḥ। prakṛtiḥ sā hi kāmasya pāvakasyaāraṇiryathā ॥3-34-28॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - of dharma and artha; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; न (na) - not; प्रमाद्यन्ति (pramādyanti) - be negligent; पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise; प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature; सा (sā) - she; हि (hi) - indeed; कामस्य (kāmasya) - of desire; पावकस्य (pāvakasya) - of fire; आरणिः (āraṇiḥ) - the fire-stick; यथा (yathā) - just as;]
(Therefore, of dharma and artha, always not are negligent the wise. Nature she indeed of desire, of fire the fire-stick just as.)
Therefore, the wise are never negligent regarding dharma and artha. For nature is indeed to desire what the fire-stick is to fire, just as (the fire-stick produces fire). (3-34-28)
सर्वथा धर्ममूलोऽर्थो धर्मश्चार्थपरिग्रहः। इतरेतरयोनी तौ विद्धि मेघोदधी यथा ॥३-३४-२९॥
sarvathā dharmamūlo'rtho dharmaścārthaparigrahaḥ। itaretarayonī tau viddhi meghodadhī yathā ॥3-34-29॥
[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; धर्ममूलः (dharmamūlaḥ) - having dharma as root; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - artha; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; च (ca) - and; अर्थपरिग्रहः (arthaparigrahaḥ) - acceptance of artha; इतरेतरयोनी (itaretarayonī) - mutually the source; तौ (tau) - those two; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; मेघोदधी (meghodadhī) - cloud and ocean; यथा (yathā) - as;]
(In every way, artha has dharma as its root; and dharma (has) acceptance of artha. Know those two as mutually the source, as cloud and ocean.)
In every way, artha is rooted in dharma, and dharma is supported by the acceptance of artha. Know that these two are mutually the source of each other, just like the cloud and the ocean. (3-34-29)
द्रव्यार्थस्पर्शसंयोगे या प्रीतिरुपजायते। स कामश्चित्तसङ्कल्पः शरीरं नास्य विद्यते ॥३-३४-३०॥
dravyārthasparśasaṃyoge yā prītir upajāyate। sa kāmaś cittasaṅkalpaḥ śarīraṃ nāsya vidyate ॥3-34-30॥
[द्रव्य (dravya) - substance; अर्थ (artha) - object; स्पर्श (sparśa) - contact; संयोगे (saṃyoge) - in the union; या (yā) - which; प्रीति (prīti) - pleasure; उपजायते (upajāyate) - arises; स (sa) - that; काम (kāma) - desire; च (ca) - and; चित्त (citta) - mind; सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - resolve; शरीरं (śarīraṃ) - body; न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - of this; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists;]
(In the union of contact with substance and object, which pleasure arises; that is desire and resolve of the mind; body of this does not exist.)
The pleasure that arises from the union of contact with substance and object is called desire and is a resolve of the mind; it has no physical body. (3-34-30)
अर्थार्थी पुरुषो राजन्बृहन्तं धर्ममृच्छति। अर्थमृच्छति कामार्थी न कामादन्यमृच्छती ॥३-३४-३१॥
arthārthī puruṣo rājanbṛhantaṃ dharmamṛcchati। arthamṛcchati kāmārthī na kāmādanyamṛcchatī ॥3-34-31॥
[अर्थार्थी (arthārthī) - one who desires wealth; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; राजन् (rājan) - O king; बृहन्तम् (bṛhantam) - great; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - dharma; ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains; अर्थम् (artham) - wealth; ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains; कामार्थी (kāmārthī) - one who desires pleasure; न (na) - not; कामात् (kāmāt) - from pleasure; अन्यम् (anyam) - other; ऋच्छती (ṛcchatī) - attains;]
(One who desires wealth, O king, attains great dharma. One who desires pleasure attains wealth. Not from pleasure does one attain anything else.)
O king, a man who seeks wealth attains great dharma; one who seeks pleasure attains wealth, but from pleasure, one attains nothing else. (3-34-31)
न हि कामेन कामोऽन्यः साध्यते फलमेव तत्। उपयोगात्फलस्येव काष्ठाद्भस्मेव पण्डितः ॥३-३४-३२॥
na hi kāmena kāmo'nyaḥ sādhyate phalameva tat। upayogāt phalasyeva kāṣṭhād bhasmeva paṇḍitaḥ ॥3-34-32॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; कामेन (kāmena) - by desire; कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; साध्यते (sādhyate) - is accomplished; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; एव (eva) - only; तत् (tat) - that; उपयोगात् (upayogāt) - from use; फलस्य (phalasya) - of the fruit; इव (iva) - like; काष्ठात् (kāṣṭhāt) - from wood; भस्म (bhasma) - ashes; इव (iva) - like; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the wise;]
(Not indeed by desire is another desire accomplished; only that fruit; from use of the fruit, like from wood, like ashes, the wise.)
Indeed, one desire is not fulfilled by another desire; only the fruit is attained. From the use of the fruit, just as from wood, ashes result—so does the wise one. (3-34-32)
इमाञ्शकुनिकान्राजन्हन्ति वैतंसिको यथा। एतद्रूपमधर्मस्य भूतेषु च विहिंसताम् ॥३-३४-३३॥
imāñśakunikānrājan hanti vaitaṃsiko yathā। etadrūpam adharmasya bhūteṣu ca vihiṃsatām ॥3-34-33॥
[इमान् (imān) - these (accusative masculine plural); शकुनिकान् (śakunikān) - birds (accusative masculine plural); राजन् (rājan) - O king; हन्ति (hanti) - kills; वैतंसिकः (vaitaṃsikaḥ) - bird-catcher; यथा (yathā) - just as; एतद् (etad) - this; रूपम् (rūpam) - form; अधर्मस्य (adharmasya) - of unrighteousness; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings; च (ca) - and; विहिंसताम् (vihiṃsatām) - of those who injure;]
(Just as, O king, a bird-catcher kills these birds, so is this the form of unrighteousness among beings and of those who injure.)
O king, just as a bird-catcher kills these birds, so this is the nature of unrighteousness among beings and those who commit violence. (3-34-33)
कामाल्लोभाच्च धर्मस्य प्रवृत्तिं यो न पश्यति। स वध्यः सर्वभूतानां प्रेत्य चेह च दुर्मतिः ॥३-३४-३४॥
kāmāllobhācca dharmasya pravṛttiṃ yo na paśyati। sa vadhyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ pretya ceha ca durmatiḥ ॥3-34-34॥
[कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; च (ca) - and; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - activity; यः (yaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees; सः (saḥ) - he; वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - deserving to be killed; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died; च (ca) - and; इह (iha) - here; च (ca) - and; दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - evil-minded;]
(From desire, from greed, and the activity of dharma, who does not see; he deserving to be killed of all beings, having died and here and evil-minded.)
He who, due to desire and greed, does not see the activity of dharma is deserving to be killed by all beings, both after death and here, as he is evil-minded. (3-34-34)
व्यक्तं ते विदितो राजन्नर्थो द्रव्यपरिग्रहः। प्रकृतिं चापि वेत्थास्य विकृतिं चापि भूयसीम् ॥३-३४-३५॥
vyaktaṃ te vidito rājann artho dravyaparigrahaḥ। prakṛtiṃ cāpi vetthāsya vikṛtiṃ cāpi bhūyasīm ॥3-34-35॥
[व्यक्तं (vyaktam) - manifest; ते (te) - to you; विदितः (viditaḥ) - known; राजन् (rājan) - O king; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - meaning; द्रव्यपरिग्रहः (dravyaparigrahaḥ) - acquisition of substance; प्रकृतिं (prakṛtim) - nature; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; वेत्थ (vettha) - you know; अस्य (asya) - of this; विकृतिं (vikṛtim) - modification; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; भूयसीम् (bhūyasīm) - greater;]
(Manifest to you is known, O king, the meaning, the acquisition of substance; the nature also you know of this, and also the greater modification.)
O king, the meaning and acquisition of substance are manifest and known to you; you also know the nature of this and its greater modification. (3-34-35)
तस्य नाशं विनाशं वा जरया मरणेन वा। अनर्थमिति मन्यन्ते सोऽयमस्मासु वर्तते ॥३-३४-३६॥
tasya nāśaṃ vināśaṃ vā jarayā maraṇena vā। anartham iti manyante so'ayam asmāsu vartate ॥3-34-36॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; of that; नाशं (nāśam) - destruction; विनाशं (vināśam) - complete destruction; वा (vā) - or; जरया (jarayā) - by old age; मरणेन (maraṇena) - by death; वा (vā) - or; अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune; calamity; इति (iti) - thus; so; मन्यन्ते (manyante) - they think; सः (saḥ) - he; अयम् (ayam) - this; अस्मासु (asmāsu) - among us; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; is present;]
(Of him destruction, complete destruction or by old age or by death; misfortune thus they think; he this among us exists; ॥3-34-36॥)
They consider his destruction, whether by complete ruin, old age, or death, as misfortune; this is present among us. (3-34-36)
इन्द्रियाणां च पञ्चानां मनसो हृदयस्य च। विषये वर्तमानानां या प्रीतिरुपजायते ॥ स काम इति मे बुद्धिः कर्मणां फलमुत्तमम् ॥३-३४-३७॥
indriyāṇāṃ ca pañcānāṃ manaso hṛdayasya ca। viṣaye vartamānānāṃ yā prītir upajāyate ॥ sa kāma iti me buddhiḥ karmaṇāṃ phalam uttamam ॥3-34-37॥
[इन्द्रियाणां (indriyāṇām) - of the senses; च (ca) - and; पञ्चानां (pañcānām) - of the five; मनसो (manasaḥ) - of the mind; हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) - of the heart; च (ca) - and; विषये (viṣaye) - in the object; वर्तमानानां (vartamānānām) - of those abiding; या (yā) - which; प्रीति (prītiḥ) - pleasure; उपजायते (upajāyate) - arises; स (sa) - that; काम (kāmaḥ) - desire; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - understanding; कर्मणां (karmaṇām) - of actions; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme;]
(Of the senses and of the five, of the mind, of the heart and, in the object of those abiding, which pleasure arises; that is desire, thus my understanding; of actions the fruit supreme.)
My understanding is that the pleasure which arises in the senses, the five, the mind, and the heart, when they abide in the object, that is called desire; this is the supreme fruit of actions. (3-34-37)
एवमेव पृथग्दृष्ट्वा धर्मार्थौ काममेव च। न धर्मपर एव स्यान्न चार्थपरमो नरः ॥ न कामपरमो वा स्यात्सर्वान्सेवेत सर्वदा ॥३-३४-३८॥
evameva pṛthagdṛṣṭvā dharmārthau kāmameva ca। na dharmapara eva syānna cārthaparamō naraḥ ॥ na kāmaparamō vā syātsarvānsevet sarvadā ॥3-34-38॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - dharma and artha; कामम् (kāmam) - kāma; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; धर्मपरः (dharmaparaḥ) - one devoted to dharma; एव (eva) - indeed; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अर्थपरमः (arthaparamaḥ) - one devoted to artha; नरः (naraḥ) - man; न (na) - not; कामपरमः (kāmaparamaḥ) - one devoted to kāma; वा (vā) - or; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; सेवेत (sevet) - should pursue; सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always;]
(Thus indeed, having seen separately dharma and artha and indeed kāma, one should not be devoted only to dharma, nor should a man be devoted only to artha, nor should he be devoted only to kāma; he should always pursue all.)
Thus, having considered dharma, artha, and kāma separately, a man should not be devoted solely to dharma, nor solely to artha, nor solely to kāma; he should always pursue all of them. (3-34-38)
धर्मं पूर्वं धनं मध्ये जघन्ये काममाचरेत्। अहन्यनुचरेदेवमेष शास्त्रकृतो विधिः ॥३-३४-३९॥
dharmaṃ pūrvaṃ dhanaṃ madhye jaghanye kāmam ācaret। ahany anucared evam eṣa śāstrakṛto vidhiḥ ॥3-34-39॥
[धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; पूर्वं (pūrvaṃ) - first; धनं (dhanaṃ) - wealth; मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle; जघन्ये (jaghanye) - in the lowest; कामम् (kāmam) - desire; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should practice; अहनि (ahani) - in the day; अनुचरेत् (anucaret) - should follow; एवम् (evam) - thus; एष (eṣa) - this; शास्त्रकृतः (śāstrakṛtaḥ) - made by śāstra; विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule;]
(Righteousness first, wealth in the middle, in the lowest desire should practice; in the day should follow thus, this made by śāstra rule.)
One should pursue righteousness first, wealth next, and desire in the lowest place; during the day, one should act accordingly—this is the rule established by the śāstra. (3-34-39)
कामं पूर्वं धनं मध्ये जघन्ये धर्ममाचरेत्। वयस्यनुचरेदेवमेष शास्त्रकृतो विधिः ॥३-३४-४०॥
kāmaṃ pūrvaṃ dhanaṃ madhye jaghanye dharmam ācaret। vayasy anucaret evam eṣa śāstrakṛto vidhiḥ ॥3-34-40॥
[कामम् (kāmaṃ) - desire; (object of) enjoyment; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first; earlier; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle; among; जघन्ये (jaghanye) - last; lowest; धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty; righteousness; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should practice; should perform; वयस्य (vayasya) - in old age; in later years; अनुचरेत् (anucaret) - should follow; should pursue; एवम् (evam) - thus; in this way; एष (eṣa) - this; शास्त्रकृतः (śāstrakṛtaḥ) - made by śāstra; prescribed by scripture; विधिः (vidhiḥ) - rule; injunction;]
(Desire first, wealth in the middle, in the lowest (stage) one should practice duty. In old age one should follow thus; this is the rule made by śāstra.)
One should pursue desire first, wealth in the middle, and in the last stage practice duty; in old age, one should act accordingly. This is the rule prescribed by the scriptures. (3-34-40)
धर्मं चार्थं च कामं च यथावद्वदतां वर। विभज्य काले कालज्ञः सर्वान्सेवेत पण्डितः ॥३-३४-४१॥
dharmaṃ cārthaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca yathāvad vadatāṃ vara। vibhajya kāle kālajñaḥ sarvān seveta paṇḍitaḥ ॥3-34-41॥
[धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; अर्थं (arthaṃ) - wealth; च (ca) - and; कामं (kāmaṃ) - desire; च (ca) - and; यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly; वदतां (vadatāṃ) - of those who speak; वर (vara) - best; विभज्य (vibhajya) - having divided; काले (kāle) - in time; कालज्ञः (kālajñaḥ) - knower of time; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; सेवेत (seveta) - should pursue; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person;]
(Righteousness and wealth and desire and, O best of speakers, having properly divided in time, the knower of time, the wise person should pursue all.)
O best of speakers, the wise person who knows the proper time should pursue righteousness, wealth, and desire, properly dividing them according to time. (3-34-41)
मोक्षो वा परमं श्रेय एष राजन्सुखार्थिनाम्। प्राप्तिर्वा बुद्धिमास्थाय सोपायं कुरुनन्दन ॥३-३४-४२॥
mokṣo vā paramaṃ śreya eṣa rājan sukhārthinām। prāptir vā buddhim āsthāya sopāyaṃ kurunandana ॥3-34-42॥
[मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation; वा (vā) - or; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सुखार्थिनाम् (sukhārthinām) - of those desiring happiness; प्राप्तिः (prāptiḥ) - attainment; वा (vā) - or; बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to; सोपायम् (sopāyam) - with means; कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O joy of the Kurus;]
(Liberation or the supreme good, this, O king, for those desiring happiness; attainment or, having resorted to intellect, with means, O joy of the Kurus.)
O king, for those who desire happiness, this is the supreme good—either liberation or attainment, achieved by resorting to intellect and proper means, O joy of the Kurus. (3-34-42)
तद्वाशु क्रियतां राजन्प्राप्तिर्वाप्यधिगम्यताम्। जीवितं ह्यातुरस्येव दुःखमन्तरवर्तिनः ॥३-३४-४३॥
tadvāśu kriyatāṃ rājanprāptirvāpyadhigamyatām। jīvitaṃ hyāturasyeva duḥkhamantaravartinaḥ ॥3-34-43॥
[तत् (tat) - that; वा (vā) - or; आशु (āśu) - quickly; क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done; राजन् (rājan) - O king; प्राप्तिः (prāptiḥ) - attainment; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; अधिगम्यताम् (adhigamyatām) - let it be obtained; जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life; हि (hi) - indeed; आतुरस्य (āturasya) - of the afflicted; इव (iva) - like; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering; अन्तरवर्तिनः (antaravartinaḥ) - of one who is inwardly afflicted;]
(That or quickly let it be done, O king, or even attainment let it be obtained. Life indeed of the afflicted is like suffering of one who is inwardly afflicted.)
O king, let that be done quickly, or let the objective be attained; for the life of one who is afflicted is like suffering for one who is inwardly troubled. (3-34-43)
विदितश्चैव ते धर्मः सततं चरितश्च ते। जानते त्वयि शंसन्ति सुहृदः कर्मचोदनाम् ॥३-३४-४४॥
viditaś caiva te dharmaḥ satataṃ caritaś ca te। jānante tvayi śaṃsanti suhṛdaḥ karmacodanām ॥3-34-44॥
[विदितः (viditaḥ) - known; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ते (te) - your; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; सततं (satatam) - always; चरितः (caritaḥ) - practiced; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - by you; जानन्ते (jānante) - know; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; शंसन्ति (śaṃsanti) - praise; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; कर्मचोदनाम् (karmacodanām) - incitement to action;]
(Known and indeed your duty, always practiced and by you; know in you praise friends incitement to action.)
Your duty, which is well known and always practiced by you, is recognized; your friends praise in you the incitement to action. (3-34-44)
दानं यज्ञः सतां पूजा वेदधारणमार्जवम्। एष धर्मः परो राजन्फलवान्प्रेत्य चेह च ॥३-३४-४५॥
dānaṃ yajñaḥ satāṃ pūjā vedadhāraṇam ārjavam। eṣa dharmaḥ paro rājan phalavān pretya ca iha ca ॥3-34-45॥
[दानम् (dānam) - gift; offering; यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice; ritual; सताम् (satām) - of the good; of the virtuous; पूजा (pūjā) - worship; honor; वेदधारणम् (vedadhāraṇam) - maintenance of the Veda; upholding the Veda; आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness; honesty; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; righteousness; परः (paraḥ) - supreme; highest; राजन् (rājan) - O king; फलवान् (phalavān) - fruitful; yielding results; प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death; च (ca) - and; इह (iha) - here; in this world; च (ca) - and;]
(Gift, sacrifice, worship of the virtuous, maintenance of the Veda, straightforwardness—this duty is supreme, O king, fruitful after death and here and;)
Gift, sacrifice, worship of the virtuous, maintenance of the Veda, and straightforwardness—this is the supreme duty, O king, which yields results both in this world and after death. (3-34-45)
एष नार्थविहीनेन शक्यो राजन्निषेवितुम्। अखिलाः पुरुषव्याघ्र गुणाः स्युर्यद्यपीतरे ॥३-३४-४६॥
eṣa nārthavihīnena śakyo rājan niṣevitum। akhilāḥ puruṣavyāghra guṇāḥ syur yady apītare ॥3-34-46॥
[एष (eṣa) - this; न (na) - not; अर्थविहीनेन (arthavihīnena) - by one deprived of wealth; शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible; राजन् (rājan) - O king; निषेवितुम् (niṣevitum) - to be practiced; अखिलाः (akhilāḥ) - all; पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - tiger among men; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - virtues; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; यदि (yadi) - if; अपि (api) - even; इतरे (itare) - others;]
(This is not possible to be practiced by one deprived of wealth, O king. All virtues, O tiger among men, may exist even in others if; )
O king, this cannot be practiced by one who is without wealth. All virtues, O tiger among men, may be found even in others. (3-34-46)
धर्ममूलं जगद्राजन्नान्यद्धर्माद्विशिष्यते। धर्मश्चार्थेन महता शक्यो राजन्निषेवितुम् ॥३-३४-४७॥
dharmamūlaṃ jagad rājann ānyad dharmād viśiṣyate। dharmaś cārthena mahatā śakyo rājan niṣevitum ॥3-34-47॥
[धर्ममूलं (dharmamūlam) - dharma-rooted; foundation in dharma; जगत् (jagat) - world; universe; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from dharma; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels; surpasses; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; च (ca) - and; अर्थेन (arthena) - by wealth; by means; महत् (mahat) - great; शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible; राजन् (rājan) - O king; निषेवितुम् (niṣevitum) - to be practiced; to be followed;]
(The world, O king, is rooted in dharma; nothing else excels dharma. And dharma, O king, can be practiced by means of great wealth.)
O king, the world is founded upon dharma; nothing surpasses dharma. And, O king, dharma can be practiced with great wealth. (3-34-47)
न चार्थो भैक्षचर्येण नापि क्लैब्येन कर्हिचित्। वेत्तुं शक्यः सदा राजन्केवलं धर्मबुद्धिना ॥३-३४-४८॥
na cārtho bhaikṣacaryeṇa nāpi klaibyena karhicit। vettuṃ śakyaḥ sadā rājan kevalaṃ dharmabuddhinā ॥3-34-48॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose; भैक्षचर्येण (bhaikṣacaryeṇa) - by mendicancy; न (na) - not; अपि (api) - also; क्लैब्येन (klaibyena) - by unmanliness; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - at any time; वेत्तुम् (vettum) - to know; शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible; सदा (sadā) - always; राजन् (rājan) - O king; केवलम् (kevalam) - only; धर्मबुद्धिना (dharmabuddhinā) - by the intellect of dharma;]
(Not and purpose by mendicancy, not also by unmanliness at any time, to know is possible always, O king, only by the intellect of dharma.)
O king, the purpose can never be known either by mendicancy or by unmanliness, but only by the intellect of dharma. (3-34-48)
प्रतिषिद्धा हि ते याच्ञा यया सिध्यति वै द्विजः। तेजसैवार्थलिप्सायां यतस्व पुरुषर्षभ ॥३-३४-४९॥
pratiṣiddhā hi te yācñā yayā sidhyati vai dvijaḥ। tejasā eva arthalipsāyāṃ yatasva puruṣarṣabha ॥3-34-49॥
[प्रतिषिद्धा (pratiṣiddhā) - forbidden; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - your; याच्ञा (yācñā) - begging; यया (yayā) - by which; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - is accomplished; वै (vai) - truly; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born; तेजसा (tejasā) - by energy; एव (eva) - only; अर्थलिप्सायां (arthalipsāyāṃ) - in the desire for wealth; यतस्व (yatasva) - strive; पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men;]
(Forbidden indeed is your begging by which, truly, O twice-born, accomplishment is achieved; by energy only, in the desire for wealth, strive, O best of men;)
Begging, by which accomplishment is achieved, is indeed forbidden for you, O twice-born; strive only by your own energy for the desire for wealth, O best of men. (3-34-49)
भैक्षचर्या न विहिता न च विट्शूद्रजीविका। क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेण धर्मस्तु बलमौरसम् ॥३-३४-५०॥
bhaikṣacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā। kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa dharmas tu balamaurasam ॥3-34-50॥
[भैक्षचर्या (bhaikṣacaryā) - the practice of begging for alms; न (na) - not; विहिता (vihitā) - prescribed; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; विट्शूद्रजीविका (viṭśūdrajīvikā) - livelihood of viṭ (actor) and śūdra (servant); क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya; विशेषेण (viśeṣeṇa) - especially; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; तु (tu) - but; बलमौरसम् (balamaurasam) - strength by birth;]
(The practice of begging for alms is not prescribed, nor the livelihood of viṭ and śūdra; for a kṣatriya especially, duty but is strength by birth.)
The practice of begging and the livelihood of actors or servants are not prescribed for a kṣatriya; especially, the duty of a kṣatriya is strength by birth. (3-34-50)
उदारमेव विद्वांसो धर्मं प्राहुर्मनीषिणः। उदारं प्रतिपद्यस्व नावरे स्थातुमर्हसि ॥३-३४-५१॥
udārameva vidvāṃso dharmaṃ prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ। udāraṃ pratipadyasva nāvare sthātumarhasi ॥3-34-51॥
[उदारम् (udāram) - noble; एव (eva) - indeed; विद्वांसः (vidvāṃsaḥ) - the learned; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - duty; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - have declared; मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise; उदारम् (udāram) - noble; प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - adopt; न (na) - not; अवरे (avare) - inferior; स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to remain; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought;]
(Noble indeed the learned have declared duty, the wise; noble adopt, not in the inferior to remain you ought.)
The learned and wise have indeed declared noble conduct as duty; you should adopt nobility and ought not to remain in what is inferior. (3-34-51)
अनुबुध्यस्व राजेन्द्र वेत्थ धर्मान्सनातनान्। क्रूरकर्माभिजातोऽसि यस्मादुद्विजते जनः ॥३-३४-५२॥
anubudhyasva rājendra vettha dharmān sanātanān। krūrakarmābhijāto'si yasmād udvijate janaḥ ॥3-34-52॥
[अनुबुध्यस्व (anubudhyasva) - understand; thoroughly; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; chief of kings; वेत्थ (vettha) - you know; धर्मान् (dharmān) - dharmas; righteous duties; सनातनान् (sanātanān) - eternal; क्रूरकर्माभिजातः (krūrakarmābhijātaḥ) - born of cruel deeds; असि (asi) - you are; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because; since; उद्विजते (udvijate) - is afraid; shrinks away; जनः (janaḥ) - people;]
(Understand thoroughly, O king, you know the eternal dharmas; you are born of cruel deeds, because people are afraid.)
O king, understand and know the eternal dharmas; since you are born of cruel deeds, people are afraid of you. (3-34-52)
प्रजापालनसम्भूतं फलं तव न गर्हितम्। एष ते विहितो राजन्धात्रा धर्मः सनातनः ॥३-३४-५३॥
prajāpālanasambhūtaṃ phalaṃ tava na garhitam। eṣa te vihito rājan dhātrā dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ॥3-34-53॥
[प्रजापालनसम्भूतं (prajāpālanasambhūtaṃ) - arisen from the protection of subjects; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; तव (tava) - your; न (na) - not; गर्हितम् (garhitam) - blameworthy; एष (eṣa) - this; ते (te) - for you; विहितः (vihitaḥ) - ordained; राजन् (rājan) - O king; धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal;]
(The fruit arisen from the protection of subjects is not blameworthy for you. This eternal duty has been ordained for you, O king, by the Creator.)
The result that comes from protecting your subjects is not blameworthy for you. This is your eternal duty, O king, ordained by the Creator. (3-34-53)
तस्माद्विचलितः पार्थ लोके हास्यं गमिष्यसि। स्वधर्माद्धि मनुष्याणां चलनं न प्रशस्यते ॥३-३४-५४॥
tasmād vicalitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyaṃ gamiṣyasi। svadharmād dhi manuṣyāṇāṃ calanaṃ na praśasyate ॥3-34-54॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; from that; विचलितः (vicalitaḥ) - deviated; shaken; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; O son of Pṛthā; लोके (loke) - in the world; हास्यम् (hāsyaṃ) - ridicule; laughter; गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go; you will attain; स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own duty; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; of human beings; चलनम् (calanam) - deviation; moving away; न (na) - not; प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised; is approved;]
(Therefore, having deviated, O Pārtha, in the world you will attain ridicule. Indeed, for human beings, deviation from one's own duty is not praised. (3-34-54))
Therefore, O Pārtha, if you deviate, you will become an object of ridicule in the world. For human beings, deviation from their own duty is never approved. (3-34-54)
स क्षात्रं हृदयं कृत्वा त्यक्त्वेदं शिथिलं मनः। वीर्यमास्थाय कौन्तेय धुरमुद्वह धुर्यवत् ॥३-३४-५५॥
sa kṣātraṃ hṛdayaṃ kṛtvā tyaktvedaṃ śithilaṃ manaḥ। vīryam āsthāya kaunteya dhuram udvaha dhuryavat ॥3-34-55॥
[स (sa) - he; क्षात्रं (kṣātram) - warrior's; हृदयं (hṛdayam) - heart; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; इदं (idaṃ) - this; शिथिलं (śithilam) - weak; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - strength; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having assumed; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; धुरम् (dhuram) - burden; उद्वह (udvaha) - bear; धुर्यवत् (dhuryavat) - like a carrier;]
(He, having made a warrior's heart, having abandoned this weak mind, having assumed strength, O son of Kunti, bear the burden like a carrier.)
O son of Kunti, make your heart that of a warrior, abandon this weakness of mind, assume strength, and bear your burden like a true bearer. (3-34-55)
न हि केवलधर्मात्मा पृथिवीं जातु कश्चन। पार्थिवो व्यजयद्राजन्न भूतिं न पुनः श्रियम् ॥३-३४-५६॥
na hi kevaladharmātmā pṛthivīṃ jātu kaścana। pārthivo vyajayadraajanna bhūtiṃ na punaḥ śriyam ॥3-34-56॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; केवलधर्मात्मा (kevaladharmātmā) - one whose nature is only righteousness; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīṃ) - the earth; जातु (jātu) - ever; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king; व्यजयत् (vyajayat) - conquered; राजन् (rājan) - O king; भूतिं (bhūtim) - prosperity; न (na) - not; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; श्रियम् (śriyam) - wealth;]
(Not indeed one whose nature is only righteousness the earth ever anyone king conquered O king prosperity not again wealth.)
O king, no king who is solely righteous has ever conquered the earth, nor has he attained prosperity or wealth again. (3-34-56)
जिह्वां दत्त्वा बहूनां हि क्षुद्राणां लुब्धचेतसाम्। निकृत्या लभते राज्यमाहारमिव शल्यकः ॥३-३४-५७॥
jihvāṃ dattvā bahūnāṃ hi kṣudrāṇāṃ lubdhacetāsām। nikṛtyā labhate rājyam āhāram iva śalyakaḥ॥3-34-57॥
[जिह्वां (jihvāṃ) - tongue; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; बहूनां (bahūnām) - of many; हि (hi) - indeed; क्षुद्राणां (kṣudrāṇām) - of the petty; लुब्धचेतसाम् (lubdhacetāsām) - of the greedy-minded; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; लभते (labhate) - obtains; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; आहारम् (āhāram) - food; इव (iva) - like; शल्यकः (śalyakaḥ) - the heron;]
(Having given the tongue indeed of many petty greedy-minded (ones), by deceit obtains the kingdom, like the heron (obtains) food.)
By deceiving and using the words of many petty, greedy-minded people, one obtains a kingdom, just as a heron obtains its food. (3-34-57)
भ्रातरः पूर्वजाताश्च सुसमृद्धाश्च सर्वशः। निकृत्या निर्जिता देवैरसुराः पाण्डवर्षभ ॥३-३४-५८॥
bhrātaraḥ pūrvajātaś ca susamṛddhāś ca sarvaśaḥ। nikṛtyā nirjitā devair asurāḥ pāṇḍavarṣabha ॥3-34-58॥
[भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers; पूर्वजाताः (pūrvajātaḥ) - born before; च (ca) - and; सुसमृद्धाः (susamṛddhāḥ) - very prosperous; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every way; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - defeated; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; असुराः (asurāḥ) - asuras; पाण्डवर्षभ (pāṇḍavarṣabha) - O bull among the Pāṇḍavas;]
(Brothers born before and very prosperous in every way, by deceit defeated by the gods, the asuras, O bull among the Pāṇḍavas.)
O bull among the Pāṇḍavas, the asuras, who were brothers born before and very prosperous in every way, were defeated by the gods through deceit. (3-34-58)
एवं बलवतः सर्वमिति बुद्ध्वा महीपते। जहि शत्रून्महाबाहो परां निकृतिमास्थितः ॥३-३४-५९॥
evaṃ balavataḥ sarvam iti buddhvā mahīpate। jahi śatrūn mahābāho parāṃ nikṛtim āsthitaḥ ॥3-34-59॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; बलवतः (balavataḥ) - of the powerful; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; इति (iti) - thus; बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood; महीपते (mahīpate) - O king; जहि (jahi) - destroy; शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; पराम् (parām) - supreme; निकृतिम् (nikṛtim) - deceit; आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having resorted to;]
(Thus, of the powerful all thus having understood, O king, destroy enemies, O mighty-armed, supreme deceit having resorted to.)
O king, having thus understood everything about the powerful, destroy the enemies, O mighty-armed one, who have resorted to supreme deceit. (3-34-59)
न ह्यर्जुनसमः कश्चिद्युधि योद्धा धनुर्धरः। भविता वा पुमान्कश्चिन्मत्समो वा गदाधरः ॥३-३४-६०॥
na hy arjunasamaḥ kaścid yudhi yoddhā dhanurdharaḥ। bhavitā vā pumān kaścit matsamo vā gadādharaḥ ॥3-34-60॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; अर्जुनसमः (arjunasamaḥ) - equal to Arjuna; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; योद्धा (yoddhā) - warrior; धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - bearer of bow; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; वा (vā) - or; पुमान् (pumān) - man; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; मत्समः (matsamaḥ) - equal to me; वा (vā) - or; गदाधरः (gadādharaḥ) - bearer of mace;]
(Not indeed equal to Arjuna anyone in battle warrior bearer of bow; will be or man anyone equal to me or bearer of mace;)
There is truly no one in battle, a warrior and bearer of the bow, equal to Arjuna; nor will there be any man equal to me, the bearer of the mace, or anyone else. (3-34-60)
सत्त्वेन कुरुते युद्धं राजन्सुबलवानपि। न प्रमाणेन नोत्साहात्सत्त्वस्थो भव पाण्डव ॥३-३४-६१॥
sattvena kurute yuddhaṃ rājan subalavān api। na pramāṇena na utsāhāt sattvastho bhava pāṇḍava ॥3-34-61॥
[सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by strength of character; कुरुते (kurute) - does; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सुबलवान् (subalavān) - even the strong; अपि (api) - even; न (na) - not; प्रमाणेन (pramāṇena) - by measure; न (na) - not; उत्साहात् (utsāhāt) - by enthusiasm; सत्त्वस्थः (sattvasthaḥ) - established in strength of character; भव (bhava) - be; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava;]
(By strength of character does battle, O king, even the strong; not by measure, not by enthusiasm; established in strength of character, be, O Pāṇḍava.)
O Pāṇḍava, even the strong wage battle by strength of character, O king; not by mere measure or enthusiasm. Therefore, be established in strength of character. (3-34-61)
सत्त्वं हि मूलमर्थस्य वितथं यदतोऽन्यथा। न तु प्रसक्तं भवति वृक्षच्छायेव हैमनी ॥३-३४-६२॥
sattvaṃ hi mūlam arthasya vitathaṃ yad ato'nyathā। na tu prasaktaṃ bhavati vṛkṣacchāyeva haimanī ॥3-34-62॥
[सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - essence; nature; being; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; मूलम् (mūlam) - root; foundation; अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of purpose; of meaning; of wealth; वितथम् (vitatham) - false; unreal; यत् (yat) - which; अतः (ataḥ) - from this; hence; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; differently; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - attached; connected; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; is; वृक्षच्छायाय् (vṛkṣacchāyāy) - like the shade of a tree; इव (iva) - like; as if; हैमनी (haimanī) - of winter; wintry;]
(Essence indeed is the root of purpose; that which is otherwise is false. But it does not remain attached, like the wintry shade of a tree.)
Essence is truly the foundation of purpose; whatever is otherwise is false. But it does not endure, like the shade of a tree in winter. (3-34-62)
अर्थत्यागो हि कार्यः स्यादर्थं श्रेयांसमिच्छता। बीजौपम्येन कौन्तेय मा ते भूदत्र संशयः ॥३-३४-६३॥
arthatyāgo hi kāryaḥ syād arthaṃ śreyāṃsam icchatā। bījaupamyena kaunteya mā te bhūd atra saṃśayaḥ ॥3-34-63॥
[अर्थत्यागः (arthatyāgaḥ) - abandonment of wealth; हि (hi) - indeed; कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be done; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; अर्थम् (artham) - for the sake of wealth; श्रेयांसम् (śreyāṃsam) - greater good; इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring; बीजौपम्येन (bījaupamyena) - by the simile of the seed; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; मा (mā) - do not; ते (te) - for you; भूत् (bhūt) - let there be; अत्र (atra) - here; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(Abandonment of wealth indeed should be done; for the sake of greater good by one desiring. By the simile of the seed, O son of Kunti, do not let there be doubt here for you.)
Indeed, one who desires the greater good should abandon wealth; by the analogy of the seed, O son of Kunti, let there be no doubt about this for you. (3-34-63)
अर्थेन तु समोऽनर्थो यत्र लभ्येत नोदयः। न तत्र विपणः कार्यः खरकण्डूयितं हि तत् ॥३-३४-६४॥
arthena tu samo'nartho yatra labhyeta nodayaḥ। na tatra vipaṇaḥ kāryaḥ kharakaṇḍūyitaṃ hi tat ॥3-34-64॥
[अर्थेन (arthena) - by wealth; तु (tu) - but; समः (samaḥ) - equal; अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune; यत्र (yatra) - where; लभ्येत (labhyeta) - may be obtained; न (na) - not; उदयः (udayaḥ) - gain; न (na) - not; तत्र (tatra) - there; विपणः (vipaṇaḥ) - trade; कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be done; खरकण्डूयितं (khara-kaṇḍūyitaṃ) - scratching of a donkey; हि (hi) - indeed; तत् (tat) - that;]
(But where misfortune equal to wealth may be obtained, not gain, there trade should not be done; for that is indeed the scratching of a donkey;)
But where misfortune equal to wealth is obtained and not gain, trade should not be conducted there; for that is truly like scratching a donkey. (3-34-64)
एवमेव मनुष्येन्द्र धर्मं त्यक्त्वाल्पकं नरः। बृहन्तं धर्ममाप्नोति स बुद्ध इति निश्चितः ॥३-३४-६५॥
evameva manuṣyendra dharmaṃ tyaktvālpakaṃ naraḥ। bṛhantaṃ dharmamāpnoti sa buddha iti niścitaḥ ॥3-34-65॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O best of men; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; अल्पकं (alpakam) - small; नरः (naraḥ) - man; बृहन्तं (bṛhantam) - great; धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty; आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains; स (sa) - he; बुद्ध (buddha) - wise; इति (iti) - thus; निश्चितः (niścitaḥ) - certain;]
(Thus indeed, O best of men, having abandoned small duty, a man attains great duty; he is wise, thus (it is) certain.)
In this way, O best of men, when a man abandons a lesser duty, he attains a greater one; such a person is certainly wise. (3-34-65)
अमित्रं मित्रसम्पन्नं मित्रैर्भिन्दन्ति पण्डिताः। भिन्नैर्मित्रैः परित्यक्तं दुर्बलं कुरुते वशे ॥३-३४-६६॥
amitraṃ mitrasampannaṃ mitrairbhindanti paṇḍitāḥ। bhinnairmitraiḥ parityaktaṃ durbalaṃ kurute vaśe ॥3-34-66॥
[अमित्रं (amitraṃ) - non-friend; enemy; मित्रसम्पन्नं (mitrasampannaṃ) - endowed with friends; मित्रैः (mitraiḥ) - by friends; भिन्दन्ति (bhindanti) - they split; they separate; पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise ones; learned ones; भिन्नैः (bhinnair) - by separated; by divided; मित्रैः (mitraiḥ) - by friends; परित्यक्तं (parityaktaṃ) - abandoned; forsaken; दुर्बलं (durbalaṃ) - weak; powerless; कुरुते (kurute) - makes; causes; वशे (vaśe) - under control; in power;]
(The enemy endowed with friends, the wise split by friends; the one abandoned by separated friends, weak, makes under control.)
Wise men separate an enemy who is supported by friends through his own friends; one who is abandoned by divided friends becomes weak and is brought under control. (3-34-66)
सत्त्वेन कुरुते युद्धं राजन्सुबलवानपि। नोद्यमेन न होत्राभिः सर्वाः स्वीकुरुते प्रजाः ॥३-३४-६७॥
sattvena kurute yuddhaṃ rājansu-balavān api। no-dyamena na hotrābhiḥ sarvāḥ svīkurute prajāḥ ॥3-34-67॥
[सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by strength of character; कुरुते (kurute) - does; performs; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; war; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सुबलवान् (su-balavān) - very strong; अपि (api) - even; also; न (na) - not; उद्यमेन (udyamena) - by effort; by enterprise; होत्राभिः (hotrābhiḥ) - by sacrifices; by offerings; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; स्वीकुरुते (svīkurute) - accepts; takes possession; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; people;]
(By strength of character, one performs battle, O king, even if very strong; not by effort nor by sacrifices does one accept all subjects.)
O king, even a very strong person engages in battle through strength of character; not by mere effort or sacrifices does one gain all subjects. (3-34-67)
सर्वथा संहतैरेव दुर्बलैर्बलवानपि। अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं मधुहा भ्रमरैरिव ॥३-३४-६८॥
sarvathā saṃhataireva durbalairbalavānapi। amitraḥ śakyate hantuṃ maduhā bhramarairiva ॥3-34-68॥
[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; संहतैः (saṃhataiḥ) - by those who are united; एव (eva) - indeed; दुर्बलैः (durbalaiḥ) - by the weak; बलवान् (balavān) - the strong; अपि (api) - even; अमित्रः (amitraḥ) - enemy; शक्यते (śakyate) - is able; हन्तुं (hantuṃ) - to be killed; मधुहा (maduhā) - honey-taker; भ्रमरैः (bhramaraiḥ) - by bees; इव (iva) - like;]
(In every way, by those who are united indeed, by the weak, even the strong enemy is able to be killed, like the honey-taker by bees.)
In every way, even a strong enemy can be killed by the weak when they are united, just as bees can kill the honey-taker. (3-34-68)
यथा राजन्प्रजाः सर्वाः सूर्यः पाति गभस्तिभिः। अत्ति चैव तथैव त्वं सवितुः सदृशो भव ॥३-३४-६९॥
yathā rājanprajāḥ sarvāḥ sūryaḥ pāti ghabhastibhiḥ। atti caiva tathaiva tvaṃ savituḥ sadṛśo bhava ॥3-34-69॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; राजन् (rājan) - O king; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the Sun; पाति (pāti) - protects; गभस्तिभिः (ghabhastibhiḥ) - with rays; अत्ति (atti) - consumes; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; सवितुः (savituḥ) - of Savitṛ (the Sun); सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar; भव (bhava) - be;]
(Just as, O king, the Sun protects all subjects with rays, and indeed consumes (them), in the same way you be similar to Savitṛ.)
O king, just as the Sun protects all beings with his rays and also consumes them, in the same way, you should be like Savitṛ. (3-34-69)
एतद्ध्यपि तपो राजन्पुराणमिति नः श्रुतम्। विधिना पालनं भूमेर्यत्कृतं नः पितामहैः ॥३-३४-७०॥
etaddhyapi tapo rājan purāṇam iti naḥ śrutam। vidhinā pālanaṃ bhūmer yat kṛtaṃ naḥ pitāmahaiḥ ॥3-34-70॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; हि (hi) - indeed; अपि (api) - also; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient; इति (iti) - thus; नः (naḥ) - to us; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard; विधिना (vidhinā) - by ordinance; पालनम् (pālanam) - protection; भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth; यत् (yat) - which; कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done; नः (naḥ) - by our; पितामहैः (pitāmahaiḥ) - forefathers;]
(This indeed also is austerity, O king, ancient thus to us has been heard. By ordinance, the protection of the earth which was done by our forefathers.)
O king, we have indeed heard that this too is an ancient austerity: the protection of the earth as performed by our forefathers according to ordinance. (3-34-70)
अपेयात्किल भाः सूर्याल्लक्ष्मीश्चन्द्रमसस्तथा। इति लोको व्यवसितो दृष्ट्वेमां भवतो व्यथाम् ॥३-३४-७१॥
apeyāt kila bhāḥ sūryāl lakṣmīś candramasas tathā। iti loko vyavasito dṛṣṭvemāṃ bhavato vyathām ॥3-34-71॥
[अपेयात् (apeyāt) - departed; किल (kila) - indeed; भाः (bhāḥ) - light; सूर्यात् (sūryāt) - from the sun; लक्ष्मीः (lakṣmīḥ) - splendour; च (ca) - and; चन्द्रमसः (candramasaḥ) - from the moon; तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world; व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - concluded; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; इमाम् (imām) - this; भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your; व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress;]
(Indeed, the light has departed from the sun, and splendour from the moon; thus the world has concluded, having seen this your distress.)
Indeed, seeing your distress, the world has concluded that the light has departed from the sun and splendour from the moon. (3-34-71)
भवतश्च प्रशंसाभिर्निन्दाभिरितरस्य च। कथायुक्ताः परिषदः पृथग्राजन्समागताः ॥३-३४-७२॥
bhavataś ca praśaṁsābhir nindābhir itarasya ca. kathāyuktāḥ pariṣadaḥ pṛthag rājān samāgatāḥ ॥3-34-72॥
[भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you; च (ca) - and; प्रशंसाभिः (praśaṁsābhiḥ) - with praises; निन्दाभिः (nindābhiḥ) - with censures; इतरस्य (itarasya) - of the other; च (ca) - and; कथा-युक्ताः (kathā-yuktāḥ) - engaged in conversation; परिषदः (pariṣadaḥ) - assemblies; पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately; राजन् (rājan) - O king; समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - gathered;]
(Of you and with praises, with censures of the other and, engaged in conversation, assemblies separately, O king, gathered.)
O king, assemblies gathered separately, some engaged in conversation with praises of you and censures of the other. (3-34-72)
इदमभ्यधिकं राजन्ब्राह्मणा गुरवश्च ते। समेताः कथयन्तीह मुदिताः सत्यसन्धताम् ॥३-३४-७३॥
idam abhyadhikaṃ rājan brāhmaṇā guravaś ca te। sametāḥ kathayantīha muditāḥ satyasandhatām ॥3-34-73॥
[इदम् (idam) - this; अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - exceedingly; beyond measure; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; गुरवः (guravaḥ) - elders; teachers; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled; gathered together; कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - are speaking; are telling; इह (iha) - here; मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - joyful; delighted; सत्यसन्धताम् (satyasandhatām) - truthfulness; firmness in truth;]
(This exceedingly, O king, brāhmaṇas, elders and your (people), assembled, are speaking here, joyful, (about your) truthfulness.)
O king, the brāhmaṇas and your elders, having assembled here, are joyfully speaking of your truthfulness. (3-34-73)
यन्न मोहान्न कार्पण्यान्न लोभान्न भयादपि। अनृतं किञ्चिदुक्तं ते न कामान्नार्थकारणात् ॥३-३४-७४॥
yanna mohānna kārpaṇyānna lobhānna bhayādapi। anṛtaṃ kiñciduktaṃ te na kāmānnārthakāraṇāt ॥3-34-74॥
[यत् (yat) - which; न (na) - not; मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion; न (na) - not; कार्पण्यात् (kārpaṇyāt) - from misery; न (na) - not; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; न (na) - not; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; अपि (api) - even; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken; ते (te) - by you; न (na) - not; कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire; न (na) - not; अर्थकारणात् (arthakāraṇāt) - from motive of gain;]
(Which not from delusion, not from misery, not from greed, not even from fear, any falsehood spoken by you, not from desire, not from motive of gain.)
Whatever falsehood you may have spoken, it was not due to delusion, misery, greed, or even fear, nor was it from desire or for the sake of gain. (3-34-74)
यदेनः कुरुते किञ्चिद्राजा भूमिमवाप्नुवन्। सर्वं तन्नुदते पश्चाद्यज्ञैर्विपुलदक्षिणैः ॥३-३४-७५॥
yadenaḥ kurute kiñcid rājā bhūmim avāpnuvan। sarvaṃ tan nudate paścād yajñair vipula-dakṣiṇaiḥ ॥3-34-75॥
[यत् (yat) - which; एनः (enaḥ) - sin; कुरुते (kurute) - does; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - any; राजा (rājā) - king; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth; अवाप्नुवन् (avāpnuvan) - obtaining; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; तत् (tat) - that; नुदते (nudate) - removes; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices; विपुलदक्षिणैः (vipula-dakṣiṇaiḥ) - with abundant gifts;]
(Which sin any king does in obtaining the earth, all that he removes afterwards by sacrifices with abundant gifts.)
Whatever sin a king commits in acquiring the earth, he removes all of it afterwards by performing sacrifices with abundant gifts. (3-34-75)
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददद्ग्रामान्गाश्च राजन्सहस्रशः। मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यस्तमोभ्य इव चन्द्रमाः ॥३-३४-७६॥
brāhmaṇebhyo dadadgrāmāngāś ca rājansahasraśaḥ। mucyate sarvapāpebhyastamobhya iva candramāḥ ॥3-34-76॥
[ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to the Brāhmaṇas; ददत् (dadat) - giving; ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages; गाः (gāḥ) - cows; च (ca) - and; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands; मुच्यते (mucyate) - is released; सर्वपापेभ्यः (sarvapāpebhyaḥ) - from all sins; तमोभ्यः (tamobhyaḥ) - from darkness; इव (iva) - like; चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon;]
(Giving villages and cows by thousands to the Brāhmaṇas, O king, one is released from all sins, like the moon from darkness.)
O king, by giving villages and cows by the thousands to Brāhmaṇas, one is freed from all sins, just as the moon is freed from darkness. (3-34-76)
पौरजानपदाः सर्वे प्रायशः कुरुनन्दन। सवृद्धबालाः सहिताः शंसन्ति त्वां युधिष्ठिर ॥३-३४-७७॥
paurajanapadāḥ sarve prāyaśaḥ kurunandana। savṛddhabālāḥ sahitāḥ śaṁsanti tvāṁ yudhiṣṭhira ॥3-34-77॥
[पौरजनपदाः (paurajanapadāḥ) - citizens and country people; सर्वे (sarve) - all; प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally; कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus; सवृद्धबालाः (savṛddhabālāḥ) - with elders and children; सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together; शंसन्ति (śaṁsanti) - praise; त्वां (tvāṁ) - you; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]
(Citizens and country people, all, generally, O delight of the Kurus, with elders and children, together, praise you, Yudhiṣṭhira.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, delight of the Kurus, all the citizens and country people, along with elders and children, generally praise you together. (3-34-77)
श्वदृतौ क्षीरमासक्तं ब्रह्म वा वृषले यथा। सत्यं स्तेने बलं नार्यां राज्यं दुर्योधने तथा ॥३-३४-७८॥
śvadṛtau kṣīram āsaktaṃ brahma vā vṛṣale yathā। satyaṃ stene balaṃ nāryāṃ rājyaṃ duryodhane tathā ॥3-34-78॥
[श्वदृतौ (śvadṛtau) - in a dog's trough; क्षीरम् (kṣīram) - milk; आसक्तम् (āsaktam) - attached; ब्रह्म (brahma) - the Veda; वा (vā) - or; वृषले (vṛṣale) - to a śūdra; यथा (yathā) - just as; सत्यं (satyaṃ) - truth; स्तेने (stene) - to a thief; बलम् (balam) - strength; नार्यां (nāryāṃ) - to a woman; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - to Duryodhana; तथा (tathā) - so;]
(Just as milk attached in a dog's trough, or the Veda to a śūdra, so truth to a thief, strength to a woman, kingdom to Duryodhana.)
Just as milk in a dog's trough or the Veda in the hands of a śūdra, so too is truth with a thief, strength with a woman, and a kingdom with Duryodhana. (3-34-78)
इति निर्वचनं लोके चिरं चरति भारत। अपि चैतत्स्त्रियो बालाः स्वाध्यायमिव कुर्वते ॥३-३४-७९॥
iti nirvacanaṃ loke ciraṃ carati bhārata। api caitatstriyo bālāḥ svādhyāyamiva kurvate ॥3-34-79॥
[इति (iti) - thus; निर्वचनम् (nirvacanam) - explanation; लोके (loke) - in the world; चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time; चरति (carati) - moves; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; एतत् (etat) - this; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; बालाः (bālāḥ) - girls; स्वाध्यायम् (svādhyāyam) - self-study; इव (iva) - like; कुर्वते (kurvate) - perform;]
(Thus this explanation moves in the world for a long time, O Bhārata. Also, these women, girls, perform it like self-study.)
Thus, O Bhārata, this explanation has long circulated in the world. Moreover, these women and girls practice it as if it were self-study. (3-34-79)
स भवान्रथमास्थाय सर्वोपकरणान्वितम्। त्वरमाणोऽभिनिर्यातु चिरमर्थोपपादकम् ॥३-३४-८०॥
sa bhavān ratham āsthāya sarva-upakaraṇa-anvitam। tvaramāṇaḥ abhiniryātu ciram artha-upapādakam ॥3-34-80॥
[स (sa) - he; भवान् (bhavān) - your honour; रथम् (ratham) - chariot; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted; सर्व (sarva) - all; उपकरण (upakaraṇa) - equipment; अन्वितम् (anvitam) - endowed with; त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hastening; अभिनिर्यातु (abhiniryātu) - should depart; चिरम् (ciram) - for long; अर्थ (artha) - purpose; उपपादकम् (upapādakam) - accomplishing;]
(He, your honour, having mounted the chariot endowed with all equipment, hastening, should depart for long, accomplishing purpose.)
Your honour should quickly mount the chariot equipped with all accessories and depart at once, for it will accomplish the purpose for a long time. (3-34-80)
वाचयित्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठानद्यैव गजसाह्वयम्। अस्त्रविद्भिः परिवृतो भ्रातृभिर्दृढधन्विभिः ॥ आशीविषसमैर्वीरैर्मरुद्भिरिव वृत्रहा ॥३-३४-८१॥
vācayitvā dvijaśreṣṭhān adyaiva gajasāhvayam। astravidbhiḥ parivṛto bhrātṛbhiḥ dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ ॥ āśīviṣasamaír vīraír marudbhir iva vṛtrahā ॥3-34-81॥
[वाचयित्वा (vācayitvā) - having caused to be recited; द्विजश्रेष्ठान् (dvijaśreṣṭhān) - the best among twice-born; अद्यैव (adyaiva) - today itself; गजसाह्वयम् (gajasāhvayam) - Gajasahvaya (the name of a place); अस्त्रविद्भिः (astravidbhiḥ) - by those skilled in weapons; परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded; भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers; दृढधन्विभिः (dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ) - by those with strong bows; आशीविषसमैः (āśīviṣasamaiḥ) - equal to venomous serpents; वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes; मरुद्भिः (marudbhiḥ) - by the Maruts; इव (iva) - like; वृत्रहा (vṛtrahā) - Vṛtrahā (the slayer of Vṛtra, i.e., Indra);]
(Having caused the best among twice-born to recite, today itself (he went to) Gajasahvaya, surrounded by those skilled in weapons, by brothers with strong bows, by heroes equal to venomous serpents, like Vṛtrahā (Indra) by the Maruts.)
Having the best of the twice-born recite, he went today itself to Gajasahvaya, surrounded by weapon-experts, his brothers with strong bows, and heroes as fierce as venomous serpents, just as Vṛtrahā (Indra) is surrounded by the Maruts. (3-34-81)
अमित्रांस्तेजसा मृद्नन्नसुरेभ्य इवारिहा। श्रियमादत्स्व कौन्तेय धार्तराष्ट्रान्महाबल ॥३-३४-८२॥
amitrāṁs tejasā mṛdnann asurebhya ivārihā। śriyam ādatsva kaunteya dhārtarāṣṭrān mahābala ॥3-34-82॥
[अमित्रान् (amitrān) - enemies; तेजसा (tejasā) - by brilliance; मृद्नन् (mṛdnan) - crushing; असुरेभ्यः (asurebhyaḥ) - from the asuras; इव (iva) - like; अरिहा (arihā) - destroyer of enemies; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; आदत्स्व (ādatsva) - take; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra; महाबल (mahābala) - mighty;]
(Crushing enemies by brilliance, like the destroyer of enemies from the asuras, take prosperity, O son of Kunti, from the mighty sons of Dhritarashtra.)
O son of Kunti, crushing your enemies by your brilliance like the destroyer of enemies among the asuras, seize prosperity from the mighty sons of Dhritarashtra. (3-34-82)
न हि गाण्डीवमुक्तानां शराणां गार्ध्रवाससाम्। स्पर्शमाशीविषाभानां मर्त्यः कश्चन संसहेत् ॥३-३४-८३॥
na hi gāṇḍīvamuktānāṃ śarāṇāṃ gārdhravāsasām। sparśam āśīviṣābhānāṃ martyaḥ kaścana saṃsaheta ॥3-34-83॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; गाण्डीवमुक्तानाम् (gāṇḍīvamuktānām) - of those released from Gāṇḍīva; शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows; गार्ध्रवाससाम् (gārdhravāsasām) - having vulture-feathered (shafts); स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch; आशीविषाभानाम् (āśīviṣābhānām) - like poisonous serpents; मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - a mortal; कश्चन (kaścana) - any; संसहेत् (saṃsaheta) - could endure;]
(Not indeed of those released from Gāṇḍīva, of arrows, having vulture-feathered (shafts), the touch like poisonous serpents, a mortal, any, could endure.)
Indeed, no mortal could endure the touch of the vulture-feathered arrows released from Gāṇḍīva, which are like poisonous serpents. (3-34-83)
न स वीरो न मातङ्गो न सदश्वोऽस्ति भारत। यः सहेत गदावेगं मम क्रुद्धस्य संयुगे ॥३-३४-८४॥
na sa vīro na mātaṅgo na sadaśvo'sti bhārata। yaḥ saheta gadāvegaṃ mama kruddhasya saṃyuge ॥3-34-84॥
[न (na) - not; स (sa) - he; वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero; न (na) - not; मातङ्गः (mātaṅgaḥ) - elephant; न (na) - not; सदश्वः (sadaśvaḥ) - good horse; अस्ति (asti) - is; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; यः (yaḥ) - who; सहेत (saheta) - can withstand; गदावेगम् (gadāvegam) - mace's force; मम (mama) - my; क्रुद्धस्य (kruddhasya) - of the enraged; संयुगे (saṃyuge) - in battle;]
(Not he hero, not elephant, not good horse is, O Bhārata; who can withstand mace's force of my enraged in battle.)
O Bhārata, neither a hero, nor an elephant, nor a fine horse is he who can withstand the force of my mace when I am enraged in battle. (3-34-84)
सृञ्जयैः सह कैकेयैर्वृष्णीनामृषभेण च। कथं स्विद्युधि कौन्तेय राज्यं न प्राप्नुयामहे ॥३-३४-८५॥
sṛñjayaiḥ saha kaikeyair vṛṣṇīnām ṛṣabheṇa ca। kathaṃ svid yudhi kaunteya rājyaṃ na prāpnuyāmahe ॥3-34-85॥
[सृञ्जयैः (sṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Sṛñjayas; सह (saha) - together with; कैकेयैः (kaikeyaiḥ) - by the Kaikeyas; वृष्णीनाम् (vṛṣṇīnām) - of the Vṛṣṇis; ऋषभेण (ṛṣabheṇa) - by the bull (chief); च (ca) - and; कथम् (katham) - how; स्वित् (svid) - indeed; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; न (na) - not; प्राप्नुयामहे (prāpnuyāmahe) - should we not obtain;]
(By the Sṛñjayas, together with the Kaikeyas, and by the chief of the Vṛṣṇis; how indeed, O son of Kunti, in battle, should we not obtain the kingdom?)
With the Sṛñjayas, the Kaikeyas, and the chief of the Vṛṣṇis on our side, O son of Kunti, how could we possibly not win the kingdom in battle? (3-34-85)
