03.131
श्येन उवाच॥
śyena uvāca॥
[श्येन (śyena) - the hawk; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The hawk said.)
The hawk said.
धर्मात्मानं त्वाहुरेकं सर्वे राजन्महीक्षितः। स वै धर्मविरुद्धं त्वं कस्मात्कर्म चिकीर्षसि ॥०३-१३१-१॥
dharmātmānaṁ tv āhur ekaṁ sarve rājan mahīkṣitaḥ। sa vai dharma-viruddhaṁ tvaṁ kasmāt karma cikīrṣasi॥03-131-1॥
[धर्मात्मानं (dharmātmānam) - of righteous soul; त्वा (tvām) - you; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; एकं (ekaṁ) - only one; सर्वे (sarve) - all; राजन् (rājan) - O king; महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - earth-kings; स (sa) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; धर्मविरुद्धं (dharma-viruddhaṁ) - contrary to dharma; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why; कर्म (karma) - action; चिकीर्षसि (cikīrṣasi) - do you intend to do;]
(Of righteous soul you only one all O king earth-kings they say. He indeed contrary to dharma you why action do you intend to do. (03-131-1))
O king, all the rulers of the earth say that you alone are of righteous soul. Why then do you intend to perform an action that is contrary to dharma? (03-131-1)
विहितं भक्षणं राजन्पीड्यमानस्य मे क्षुधा। मा भाङ्क्षीर्धर्मलोभेन धर्ममुत्सृष्टवानसि ॥०३-१३१-२॥
vihitaṃ bhakṣaṇaṃ rājan pīḍyamānasya me kṣudhā। mā bhāṅkṣīr dharmalobhena dharmam utsṛṣṭavān asi॥03-131-2॥
[विहितं (vihitam) - prescribed; भक्षणं (bhakṣaṇam) - eating; food; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पीड्यमानस्य (pīḍyamānasya) - of one tormented; मे (me) - my; क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger; मा (mā) - do not; भाङ्क्षीर् (bhāṅkṣīr) - you should eat; धर्मलोभेन (dharmalobhena) - with greed for righteousness; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; उत्सृष्टवान् (utsṛṣṭavān) - having abandoned; असि (asi) - you are;]
(Prescribed food, O king, of me tormented by hunger. Do not eat by greed for righteousness, having abandoned righteousness, you are.)
O king, food is prescribed for one tormented by my hunger; do not eat out of greed for righteousness, for you have abandoned righteousness.
राजोवाच॥
rājovāca॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(King said.)
The king said.
सन्त्रस्तरूपस्त्राणार्थी त्वत्तो भीतो महाद्विज। मत्सकाशमनुप्राप्तः प्राणगृध्नुरयं द्विजः ॥०३-१३१-३॥
santrastarūpastrāṇārthī tvatto bhīto mahādvija। matsakāśamanuprāptaḥ prāṇagṛdhnurayaṃ dvijaḥ ॥03-131-3॥
[सन्त्रस्तरूपः (santrastarūpaḥ) - having the form of one terrified; त्राणार्थी (trāṇārthī) - seeking protection; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you; भीतः (bhītaḥ) - afraid; महाद्विज (mahādvija) - O great twice-born (brāhmaṇa); मत्सकाशम् (matsakāśam) - to my presence; अनुप्राप्तः (anuprāptaḥ) - has arrived; प्राणगृध्नु: (prāṇagṛdhnuḥ) - one greedy for life; अयम् (ayam) - this; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born (brāhmaṇa);]
(Having the form of one terrified, seeking protection, afraid from you, O great twice-born; to my presence has arrived, this twice-born who is greedy for life.)
O great Brāhmaṇa, this twice-born, appearing terrified, seeking protection and afraid of you, has come to my presence, craving for his life. (03-131-3)
एवमभ्यागतस्येह कपोतस्याभयार्थिनः। अप्रदाने परोऽधर्मः किं त्वं श्येन प्रपश्यसि ॥०३-१३१-४॥
evam abhyāgatasya iha kapotasya abhayārthinaḥ। apradāne paraḥ adharmaḥ kiṁ tvaṁ śyena prapaśyasi॥03-131-4॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; अभ्यागतस्य (abhyāgatasya) - of the one who has come (as a guest); इह (iha) - here; कपोतस्य (kapotasya) - of the pigeon; अभयार्थिनः (abhayārthinaḥ) - of the one seeking protection; अप्रदाने (apradāne) - in not granting (it); परः (paraḥ) - great; अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness; किं (kiṁ) - why; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; श्येन (śyena) - O hawk; प्रपश्यसि (prapaśyasi) - perceive; ॥०३-१३१-४॥ (॥03-131-4॥) - ;]
(Thus, of the one who has come here, of the pigeon, of the seeker of protection, in not granting (it), great unrighteousness (arises); why do you, O hawk, perceive this?)
Thus, for the pigeon who has come here seeking protection, withholding it is the greatest unrighteousness; why do you see it otherwise, O hawk? (03-131-4)
प्रस्पन्दमानः सम्भ्रान्तः कपोतः श्येन लक्ष्यते। मत्सकाशं जीवितार्थी तस्य त्यागो विगर्हितः ॥०३-१३१-५॥
praspendamānaḥ sambhrāntaḥ kapotaḥ śyena lakṣyate। matsakāśaṃ jīvitārthī tasya tyāgo vigarhitaḥ ॥03-131-5॥
[प्रस्पन्दमानः (praspendamānaḥ) - quivering; सम्भ्रान्तः (sambhrāntaḥ) - agitated; कपोतः (kapotaḥ) - pigeon; श्येन (śyena) - hawk; लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed; मत्सकाशं (matsakāśam) - to my presence; जीवितार्थी (jīvitārthī) - one desiring life; तस्य (tasya) - his; त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment; विगर्हितः (vigarhitaḥ) - blameworthy;]
(Quivering, agitated, the pigeon is observed by the hawk; to my presence, one desiring life, his abandonment is blameworthy.)
When the quivering and agitated pigeon is seen by the hawk, he comes to me seeking to preserve his life; to abandon him now would be blameworthy. (03-131-5)
श्येन उवाच॥
śyena uvāca॥
[श्येन (śyena) - the hawk; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke;]
(The hawk spoke.)
The hawk said.
आहारात्सर्वभूतानि सम्भवन्ति महीपते। आहारेण विवर्धन्ते तेन जीवन्ति जन्तवः ॥०३-१३१-६॥
āhārātsarvabhūtāni sambhavanti mahīpate। āhāreṇa vivardhante tena jīvanti jantavaḥ॥03-131-6॥
[आहारात् (āhārāt) - from food; सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; सम्भवन्ति (sambhavanti) - arise; महीपते (mahīpate) - O king; आहारेण (āhāreṇa) - by food; विवर्धन्ते (vivardhante) - grow; तेन (tena) - by that; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - live; जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - creatures;]
(From food, all beings arise, O king. By food, they grow; by that, creatures live.)
O king, all beings originate from food. Through food, they grow, and by that, living creatures exist. (03-131-6)
शक्यते दुस्त्यजेऽप्यर्थे चिररात्राय जीवितुम्। न तु भोजनमुत्सृज्य शक्यं वर्तयितुं चिरम् ॥०३-१३१-७॥
śakyate dustyaje'pyarthe cirarātrāya jīvitum। na tu bhojanam utsṛjya śakyaṃ vartayituṃ ciram॥03-131-7॥
[शक्यते (śakyate) - it is possible; दुस्त्यजे (dustyaje) - hard to abandon; अपि (api) - even; अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of; चिररात्राय (cirarātrāya) - for a long time; जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning; शक्यं (śakyaṃ) - it is possible; वर्तयितुम् (vartayitum) - to sustain; चिरम् (ciram) - for long;]
(It is possible to live for a long time even for the sake of something hard to abandon; but not, abandoning food, is it possible to sustain (oneself) for long.)
One may live for a long time even for the sake of something difficult to abandon; but, having abandoned food, it is not possible to survive for long. (03-131-7)
भक्ष्याद्विलोपितस्याद्य मम प्राणा विशां पते। विसृज्य कायमेष्यन्ति पन्थानमपुनर्भवम् ॥०३-१३१-८॥
bhakṣyād-vilopitasya-adya mama prāṇā viśāṃ pate। visṛjya kāyam eṣyanti panthānam apunarbhavam ॥03-131-8॥
[भक्ष्याद् (bhakṣyāt) - from food; विलोपितस्य (vilopitasya) - of one who is deprived; आद्य (adya) - today; मम (mama) - my; प्राणा (prāṇāḥ) - life-forces; विशां पते (viśāṃ pate) - O lord of people; विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned; कायम् (kāyam) - body; एष्यन्ति (eṣyanti) - will go; पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path; अपुनर्भवम् (apunarbhavam) - of no return (leading to non-rebirth);]
(From food, of one who is deprived, today, my life-forces, O lord of people, having abandoned the body, will go the path of no return.)
O lord of people, today my life-forces, deprived of food, will leave my body and take the path of no return. (03-131-8)
प्रमृते मयि धर्मात्मन्पुत्रदारं नशिष्यति। रक्षमाणः कपोतं त्वं बहून्प्राणान्नशिष्यसि ॥०३-१३१-९॥
pramṛte mayi dharmātman putradāraṃ naśiṣyati। rakṣamāṇaḥ kapotaṃ tvaṃ bahūn prāṇān naśiṣyasi॥03-131-9॥
[प्रमृते (pramṛte) - after I am killed; मयि (mayi) - I; me; धर्मात्मन (dharmātman) - O righteous one; पुत्रदारं (putradāram) - son and wife; नशिष्यति (naśiṣyati) - will perish; रक्षमाणः (rakṣamāṇaḥ) - protecting; कपोतं (kapotam) - the dove; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; बहून् (bahūn) - many; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; नशिष्यसि (naśiṣyasi) - will destroy;]
(After I am killed, O righteous one, my son and wife will perish. Protecting the dove, you will destroy many lives.)
If I am killed, O righteous one, my son and wife will perish. By protecting the dove, you will cause many lives to perish. (03-131-9)
धर्मं यो बाधते धर्मो न स धर्मः कुधर्म तत्। अविरोधी तु यो धर्मः स धर्मः सत्यविक्रम ॥०३-१३१-१०॥
dharmaṃ yo bādhate dharmo na sa dharmaḥ kudharma tat. avirodhī tu yo dharmaḥ sa dharmaḥ satyavikrama ॥03-131-10॥
[धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness (accusative singular); यः (yaḥ) - who; बाधते (bādhate) - harms; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness (subject); न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - that; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; कुधर्म (kudharma) - false dharma; तत् (tat) - that; अविरोधी (avirodhī) - not opposed; तु (tu) - but; यः (yaḥ) - which; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; सः (saḥ) - that; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; सत्यविक्रम (satyavikrama) - O truthful hero;]
(The righteousness which harms righteousness is not righteousness; that is false dharma. But the righteousness which is not opposed, that is righteousness, O truthful hero.)
That which harms righteousness is not true dharma; it is false dharma. Only that which does not conflict with righteousness is actually dharma, O truthful hero. (03-131-10)
विरोधिषु महीपाल निश्चित्य गुरुलाघवम्। न बाधा विद्यते यत्र तं धर्मं समुदाचरेत् ॥०३-१३१-११॥
virodhiṣu mahīpāla niścitya gurulāghavam। na bādhā vidyate yatra taṃ dharmaṃ samudācaret ॥03-131-11॥
[विरोधिषु (virodhiṣu) - among adversaries; महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O king; निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having determined; गुरुलाघवम् (gurulāghavam) - the weight and lightness (advantages and disadvantages); न (na) - not; बाधा (bādhā) - obstacle; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; यत्र (yatra) - where; तम् (tam) - that; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - duty; समुदाचरेत् (samudācaret) - should carry out;]
(Among adversaries, O king, having determined the weight and lightness, where no obstacle exists, that duty he should carry out.)
O king, among adversaries, having considered the relative gravity and lightness (of actions), he should perform that duty where no obstacle exists. (03-131-11)
गुरुलाघवमाज्ञाय धर्माधर्मविनिश्चये। यतो भूयांस्ततो राजन्कुरु धर्मविनिश्चयम् ॥०३-१३१-१२॥
gurulāghavamājñāya dharmādharmaviniścaye। yato bhūyāṃstato rājan kuru dharmaviniścayam॥03-131-12॥
[गुरुलाघवम् (gurulāghavam) - weight and lightness; (i.e. importance and unimportance; merits and demerits;) आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having recognized; धर्माधर्मविनिश्चये (dharmādharmaviniścaye) - in the determination of dharma and adharma; यतः (yataḥ) - from whichever; भूयान् (bhūyān) - greater (is); ततः (tataḥ) - from that; राजन् (rājan) - O king; कुरु (kuru) - perform; धर्मविनिश्चयम् (dharmaviniścayam) - the determination of dharma;]
(Having recognized the weight and lightness in the determination of dharma and adharma, from whichever is greater, from that, O king, perform the determination of dharma.)
O king, having perceived the respective importance in discerning dharma and adharma, base your decision of dharma upon that which has the greater merit. (03-131-12)
राजोवाच॥
rājo'vāc ॥
[राजा (rājā) - the king; ऊवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The king said.)
The king said.
बहुकल्याणसंयुक्तं भाषसे विहगोत्तम। सुपर्णः पक्षिराट्किं त्वं धर्मज्ञश्चास्यसंशयम् ॥ तथा हि धर्मसंयुक्तं बहु चित्रं प्रभाषसे ॥०३-१३१-१३॥
bahukalyāṇasaṁyuktaṁ bhāṣase vihagottama. suparṇaḥ pakṣirāṭ kiṁ tvaṁ dharmajñaś cāsya saṁśayam ॥ tathā hi dharmasaṁyuktaṁ bahu citraṁ prabhāṣase ॥03-131-13॥
[बहुकल्याणसंयुक्तं (bahukalyāṇasaṁyuktam) - joined with much auspiciousness; भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak; विहगोत्तम (vihagottama) - O best of birds; सुपर्णः (suparṇaḥ) - Suparṇa (the divine bird); पक्षिराट् (pakṣirāṭ) - king of birds; किं (kiṁ) - whether; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; धर्मज्ञश् (dharmajñaś) - knower of dharma; च (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - of this; संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt; तथा (tathā) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मसंयुक्तं (dharmasaṁyuktam) - joined with dharma; बहु (bahu) - much; चित्रं (citraṁ) - wonderful; प्रभाषसे (prabhāṣase) - you speak forth;]
(Joined with much auspiciousness you speak, O best of birds. Suparṇa, king of birds, whether you, knower of dharma, and of this doubt. Thus indeed joined with dharma, much wonderful you speak forth. (03-131-13))
You speak with much auspiciousness, O best of birds. Suparṇa, king of birds, are you a knower of dharma and of this doubt? For thus, indeed, you utter many wonderful words imbued with dharma. (03-131-13)
न तेऽस्त्यविदितं किञ्चिदिति त्वा लक्षयाम्यहम्। शरणैषिणः परित्यागं कथं साध्विति मन्यसे ॥०३-१३१-१४॥
na te’sty aviditaṁ kiñcid iti tvā lakṣayāmy aham। śaraṇa-iṣiṇaḥ parityāgaṁ kathaṁ sādhv iti manyase ॥03-131-14॥
[न (na) - not; ते (te) - to you; अस्ति (asti) - there is; अविदितं (aviditam) - unknown; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; इति (iti) - thus; त्वा (tvā) - you; लक्षयामि (lakṣayāmi) - I perceive; अहम् (aham) - I; शरणैषिणः (śaraṇa-iṣiṇaḥ) - of the shelter-seeker; परित्यागं (parityāgam) - abandonment; कथं (katham) - how; साधु (sādhu) - right; इति (iti) - thus; मन्यसे (manyase) - you consider;]
(Not to you is there anything unknown—thus you, I perceive, I. Of the shelter-seeker, abandonment, how right—thus you consider.)
I perceive that nothing is unknown to you. How do you consider the abandonment of one seeking refuge to be right? (03-131-14)
आहारार्थं समारम्भस्तव चायं विहङ्गम। शक्यश्चाप्यन्यथा कर्तुमाहारोऽप्यधिकस्त्वया ॥०३-१३१-१५॥
āhārārthaṃ samārambhas tava ca ayaṃ vihaṅgama। śakyaś ca api anyathā kartum āhāraḥ api adhikaḥ tvayā ॥03-131-15॥
[आहारार्थम् (āhārārtham) - for the sake of food; समारम्भः (samārambhaḥ) - effort; तव (tava) - your; च (ca) - and; अयम् (ayam) - this; विहङ्गमः (vihaṅgamaḥ) - bird; शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; आहारः (āhāraḥ) - food; अपि (api) - also; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - greater; त्वया (tvayā) - by you;]
(For the sake of food, your effort and this bird, possible also otherwise to do, food also greater by you.)
Your effort for the sake of food and this bird—another way is also possible to gain food, even more, by you. (03-131-15)
गोवृषो वा वराहो वा मृगो वा महिषोऽपि वा। त्वदर्थमद्य क्रियतां यद्वान्यदभिकाङ्क्षसे ॥०३-१३१-१६॥
govṛṣo vā varāho vā mṛgo vā mahiṣo'pi vā। tvadarthamadya kriyatāṃ yad vā anyad abhikāṅkṣase ॥03-131-16॥
[गोवृषः (govṛṣaḥ) (govṛṣaḥ) - bull; (he-) वा (vā) (vā) - or; वराहः (varāhaḥ) (varāhaḥ) - boar; (he-) वा (vā) (vā) - or; मृगः (mṛgaḥ) (mṛgaḥ) - deer; (he-) वा (vā) (vā) - or; महिषः (mahiṣaḥ) (mahiṣaḥ) - buffalo; (he-) अपि (api) (api) - even; also; वा (vā) (vā) - or; त्वदर्थम् (tvadartham) (tvadartham) - for your sake; अद्य (adya) (adya) - today; क्रियताम् (kriyatām) (kriyatām) - let it be done; (imperative, passive) यत् (yat) (yat) - which; वा (vā) (vā) - or; अन्यत् (anyat) (anyat) - other; अभिकाङ्क्षसे (abhikāṅkṣase) (abhikāṅkṣase) - you desire;]
(Whether a bull or a boar or a deer or even a buffalo, for your sake today let be done that which or anything else you desire.)
Whether it is a bull, a boar, a deer, or even a buffalo, let that be done today for your sake, or anything else you desire. (03-131-16)
श्येन उवाच॥
śyena uvāca॥
[श्येन (śyena) - falcon; (name of a bird, here used as a proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Falcon said;)
The falcon said;
न वराहं न चोक्षाणं न मृगान्विविधांस्तथा। भक्षयामि महाराज किमन्नाद्येन तेन मे ॥०३-१३१-१७॥
na varāhaṁ na c okṣāṇaṁ na mṛgān vividhāṁs tathā। bhakṣayāmi mahārāja kim annādhyena tena me॥03-131-17॥
[न (na) - not; वराहं (varāham) - boar; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; ऋक्षाणं (okṣāṇam) - ox; न (na) - not; मृगान् (mṛgān) - deer (animals); विविधान् (vividhān) - various; तथा (tathā) - thus; भक्षयामि (bhakṣayāmi) - I eat; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; किम् (kim) - what; अन्नाद्येन (annādhyena) - with food-eating; तेन (tena) - by that; मे (me) - for me;]
(Not boar, not ox, not various deer thus I eat, O great king; what with food-eating by that for me?)
O great king, I do not eat boar, nor oxen, nor various kinds of deer; what will food or eating such things do for me? (03-131-17)
यस्तु मे दैवविहितो भक्षः क्षत्रियपुङ्गव। तमुत्सृज महीपाल कपोतमिममेव मे ॥०३-१३१-१८॥
yastu me daivavihito bhakṣaḥ kṣatriyapuṅgava। tamutsṛja mahīpāla kapotamimameva me ॥03-131-18॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; मे (me) - for me; दैवविहितः (daivavihitaḥ) - ordained by fate; भक्षः (bhakṣaḥ) - food; क्षत्रियपुङ्गव (kṣatriyapuṅgava) - O best among Kṣatriyas; तम् (tam) - that; उत्सृज (utsṛja) - release; महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O king; कपोतम् (kapotam) - pigeon; इम् (imam) - this; एव (eva) - alone; मे (me) - to me;]
(Who but for me ordained by fate as food, O best of Kṣatriyas, that, release, O king, this pigeon, this alone to me.)
O best of Kṣatriyas, that which is ordained by fate as food for me—release that, O king, and give me only this pigeon. (03-131-18)
श्येनाः कपोतान्खादन्ति स्थितिरेषा सनातनी। मा राजन्मार्गमाज्ञाय कदलीस्कन्धमारुह ॥०३-१३१-१९॥
śyenāḥ kapotān khādanti sthitir eṣā sanātanī। mā rājan mārgam ājñāya kadalī-skandham āruha ॥03-131-19॥
[श्येनाः (śyenāḥ) - hawks; (plural nominative); कपोतान् (kapotān) - pigeons; (plural accusative); खादन्ति (khādanti) - eat; (they eat); स्थिति (sthiti) - state; condition; एषा (eṣā) - this; (feminine, nominative singular); सनातनी (sanātanī) - eternal; मा (mā) - do not; (prohibitive); राजन् (rājan) - O king; मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path; (object); आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known; having understood; कदलीस्कन्धम् (kadalī-skandham) - the banana trunk; आरोह (āruha) - ascend; climb;]
(Hawks pigeons eat; this state eternal; do not O king the path having known the banana trunk ascend.)
Hawks eat pigeons—this is the eternal order. O king, do not, having known the path, ascend the (frail) banana trunk. (03-131-19)
राजोवाच॥
rājovāca॥
[राजः (rājaḥ) - king; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(king said;)
The king said.
राज्यं शिबीनामृद्धं वै शाधि पक्षिगणार्चित। यद्वा कामयसे किञ्चिच्छ्येन सर्वं ददानि ते ॥ विनेमं पक्षिणं श्येन शरणार्थिनमागतम् ॥०३-१३१-२०॥
rājyaṃ śibīnām ṛddhaṃ vai śādhi pakṣigaṇārcita। yadvā kāmayase kiñcit śyena sarvaṃ dadāni te॥ vinemaṃ pakṣiṇaṃ śyena śaraṇārthinam āgatam॥03-131-20॥
[राज्यं (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; शिबीनाम् (śibīnām) - of the Śibis; ऋद्धं (ṛddham) - prosperous; वै (vai) - indeed; शाधि (śādhi) - rule (over); पक्षिगण-आर्चित (pakṣigaṇa-ārcita) - honored by flocks of birds; यद्वा (yadvā) - or whatever; कामयसे (kāmayase) - you desire; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; श्येन (śyena) - O hawk; सर्वं (sarvam) - all; ददानि (dadāni) - I will give; ते (te) - to you; विन (vin) - except; इमं (imaṃ) - this; पक्षिणम् (pakṣiṇam) - bird; श्येन (śyena) - O hawk; शरण-अर्थिनम् (śaraṇa-arthinam) - seeking refuge; आगतम् (āgatam) - who has come;]
(Kingdom prosperous of the Śibis indeed rule, honored by flocks of birds. Or whatever you desire, O hawk, anything, all I will give to you. Except this bird, O hawk, who has come seeking refuge.)
Rule the prosperous kingdom of the Śibis, honored by flocks of birds. Or, O hawk, I will give you whatever you desire; anything at all. Except for this bird, O hawk, who has come seeking refuge. (03-131-20)
येनेमं वर्जयेथास्त्वं कर्मणा पक्षिसत्तम। तदाचक्ष्व करिष्यामि न हि दास्ये कपोतकम् ॥०३-१३१-२१॥
yenemaṃ varjayethāstvaṃ karmaṇā pakṣisattama। tadācakṣva kariṣyāmi na hi dāsye kapotakam ॥03-131-21॥
[येन (yena) - by which; इमं (imaṃ) - this; वर्जयेथाः (varjayethāḥ) - you may release; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by an act; पक्षिसत्तम (pakṣisattama) - O best among birds; तदा (tadā) - then; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; दास्ये (dāsye) - I will give; कपोतकम् (kapotakam) - the pigeon;]
(By which (means), this you may release by (an) act, O best among birds; then tell (me), I will do, for indeed I will not give the pigeon.)
O best among birds, by what act you would release this (pigeon), tell (me) that; I will do it, but indeed I will not give up the pigeon. (03-131-21)
श्येन उवाच॥
śyena uvāca॥
[श्येन (śyena) - the hawk; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(the hawk said;)
The hawk said.
उशीनर कपोते ते यदि स्नेहो नराधिप। आत्मनो मांसमुत्कृत्य कपोततुलया धृतम् ॥०३-१३१-२२॥
uśīnara kapote te yadi snehaḥ narādhipa। ātmano māṃsam utkṛtya kapota-tulayā dhṛtam ॥03-131-22॥
[उशीनर (uśīnara) - King Uśīnara; कपोते (kapote) - with the pigeon; ते (te) - your; यदि (yadi) - if; स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King; आत्मनः (ātmanas) - of (your) own self; मांसम् (māṃsam) - flesh; उत्कृत्य (utkṛtya) - having cut off; कपोततुलया (kapota-tulayā) - with the weight of the pigeon; धृतम् (dhṛtam) - placed;]
(O Uśīnara, with the pigeon, if (there is) affection, O King, having cut off flesh from (your) own self, with the pigeon’s weight, (it is) placed.)
O King Uśīnara, if you truly have affection for the pigeon, then cut flesh from your own body and place it with the same weight as the pigeon. (03-131-22)
यदा समं कपोतेन तव मांसं भवेन्नृप। तदा प्रदेयं तन्मह्यं सा मे तुष्टिर्भविष्यति ॥०३-१३१-२३॥
yadā samaṃ kapotena tava māṃsaṃ bhaven nṛpa। tadā pradeyaṃ tan mahyaṃ sā me tuṣṭir bhaviṣyati॥03-131-23॥
[यदा (yadā) - when;; समं (samaṃ) - equal;; कपोतेन (kapotena) - by the pigeon;; तव (tava) - your;; मांसं (māṃsaṃ) - flesh;; भवेत् (bhavet) - will become;; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;; तदा (tadā) - then;; प्रदेयं (pradeyaṃ) - to be given;; तत् (tat) - that;; मह्यं (mahyaṃ) - to me;; सा (sā) - that;; मे (me) - my;; तुष्टिः (tuṣṭiḥ) - satisfaction;; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be;;;]
(When equal by the pigeon your flesh will become, O king, then that is to be given to me; that will be my satisfaction.)
O king, when your flesh becomes equal to that of the pigeon, then that should be given to me; that will be my satisfaction. (03-131-23)
राजोवाच॥
rājovāca॥
[राजा (rājā) - the king; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The king said.)
The king said.
अनुग्रहमिमं मन्ये श्येन यन्माभियाचसे। तस्मात्तेऽद्य प्रदास्यामि स्वमांसं तुलया धृतम् ॥०३-१३१-२४॥
anugraham imaṃ manye śyena yan mābhiyācase। tasmāt te 'dya pradāsyāmi sva-māṃsaṃ tulayā dhṛtam॥03-131-24॥
[अनुग्रहम् (anugraham) - favor; beneficence; इमम् (imam) - this; (masculine accusative singular; मन्ये (manye) - I consider; श्येन (śyena) - O hawk; यत् (yat) - that; माम् (mām) - me; (accusative singular; अभियाचसे (abhiyācase) - you request; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; ते (te) - to you; अद्य (adya) - today; प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will give; स्वम् (svam) - my own; मांसम् (māṃsam) - flesh; तुलया (tulayā) - with a scale; (by measure; धृतम् (dhṛtam) - weighed;]
(I consider this a favor, O hawk, that you request from me; therefore, I will today give you my own flesh, weighed with a scale.)
O hawk, I regard this as a favor that you request from me; therefore, today I will give you my own flesh, weighed on a scale. (03-131-24)
लोमश उवाच॥
lomaśa uvāca॥
[लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (third person singular, perfect tense, from √vac to speak);]
(Lomaśa said;)
Lomaśa said.
अथोत्कृत्य स्वमांसं तु राजा परमधर्मवित्। तुलयामास कौन्तेय कपोतेन सहाभिभो ॥०३-१३१-२५॥
athotkṛtya svamāṃsaṃ tu rājā paramadharmavit। tulayāmāsa kaunteya kapotena sahābhibho ॥03-131-25॥
[अथ (atha) - then; उत्कृत्य (utkṛtya) - having cut off; स्वमांसं (svamāṃsaṃ) - his own flesh; तु (tu) - but; राजा (rājā) - the king; परमधर्मवित् (paramadharmavit) - knower of supreme dharma; तुलयामास (tulayāmāsa) - weighed; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; कपोतेन (kapotena) - with the pigeon; सह (saha) - together with; अभिभो (abhibho) - O mighty one;]
(Then, having cut off his own flesh, but the king, knower of supreme dharma, weighed (it), O son of Kunti, together with the pigeon, O mighty one.)
Then, the king, who knew the highest dharma, cut off his own flesh and weighed it together with the pigeon, O son of Kunti, O mighty one. (03-131-25)
ध्रियमाणस्तु तुलया कपोतो व्यतिरिच्यते। पुनश्चोत्कृत्य मांसानि राजा प्रादादुशीनरः ॥०३-१३१-२६॥
dhriyamāṇas tu tulayā kapoto vyatiricyate. punaś cotkṛtya māṃsāni rājā prādād uśīnaraḥ ॥03-131-26॥
[ध्रियमाणः (dhriyamāṇaḥ) - being held; तु (tu) - but; तुलया (tulayā) - with a balance; कपोतः (kapotaḥ) - the pigeon; व्यतिरिच्यते (vyatiricyate) - is found to be heavier; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; च (ca) - and; उत्कृत्य (utkṛtya) - having cut off; मांसानि (māṃsāni) - pieces of flesh; राजा (rājā) - the king; प्रादात् (prādāt) - gave; उशीनरः (uśīnaraḥ) - Uśīnara;]
(Being held but with the balance, the pigeon is found to be heavier. Again, having cut off pieces of flesh, the king Uśīnara gave.)
When weighed in the balance, the pigeon was found to be heavier. Then, having cut off pieces of flesh, King Uśīnara gave them. (03-131-26)
न विद्यते यदा मांसं कपोतेन समं धृतम्। तत उत्कृत्तमांसोऽसावारुरोह स्वयं तुलाम् ॥०३-१३१-२७॥
na vidyate yadā māṁsaṁ kapotena samaṁ dhṛtam। tata utkṛttamāṁso'sāv āruroha svayaṁ tulām ॥03-131-27॥
[न (na) - not; विद्यते (vidyate) - is; exists; यदा (yadā) - when; मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - meat; कपोतेन (kapotena) - by the pigeon; समं (samaṁ) - equal; same; धृतम् (dhṛtam) - held; placed; तत् (tat) - then; उत्कृत्तमांसः (utkṛttamāṁsaḥ) - one whose meat is cut off; having his own flesh cut; असौ (asau) - he; आरुरोह (āruroha) - ascended; rose; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; by himself; तुलाम् (tulām) - scale; balance;]
(Not is when meat by the pigeon equal held. Then, having flesh cut off, he ascended himself (onto) the scale.)
When there was no meat placed by the pigeon equal to (his own weight), then he, having cut off his own flesh, himself ascended the scale. (03-131-27)
श्येन उवाच॥
śyena uvāca॥
[श्येन (śyena) - the hawk; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The hawk said;)
The hawk said.
इन्द्रोऽहमस्मि धर्मज्ञ कपोतो हव्यवाडयम्। जिज्ञासमानौ धर्मे त्वां यज्ञवाटमुपागतौ ॥०३-१३१-२८॥
indro'hamasmi dharmajña kapoto havyavāḍayam। jijñāsamānau dharme tvāṃ yajñavāṭamupāgatau ॥03-131-28॥
[इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; (the deity); अहम् (aham) - I; (pronoun, first person singular); अस्मि (asmi) - am; (verb, first person singular, present); धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of dharma; (virtuous one); कपोतः (kapotaḥ) - pigeon; (dove); हव्यवाट् (havyavāṭ) - offering-consuming (the one who receives oblations); अयम् (ayam) - this; (pronoun, referring to the present); जिज्ञासमानौ (jijñāsamānau) - being desirous to know; (dual, masculine); धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; (in righteousness); त्वाम् (tvām) - you; (accusative singular); यज्ञवाटम् (yajñavāṭam) - the sacrificial altar; (the place of sacrifice); उपागतौ (upāgatau) - have approached; (dual, masculine, past participle);]
(Indra I am, knower of dharma; the pigeon is the receiver of oblations, this (one). Being desirous to know in dharma, you, the sacrificial altar, have approached.)
I am Indra, O knower of dharma; this pigeon is the receiver of oblations. We both have come to you at the sacrificial altar, wishing to inquire about dharma. (03-131-28)
यत्ते मांसानि गात्रेभ्य उत्कृत्तानि विशां पते। एषा ते भास्वरी कीर्तिर्लोकानभिभविष्यति ॥०३-१३१-२९॥
yat te māṁsāni gātrebhya utkṛttāni viśāṁ pate. eṣā te bhāsvarī kīrtir lokān abhibhaviṣyati ॥03-131-29॥
[यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - your; मांसानि (māṁsāni) - flesh; गात्रेभ्यः (gātrebhyaḥ) - from the limbs; उत्कृत्तानि (utkṛttāni) - cut off; विशां (viśām) - of men; पते (pate) - O Lord; एषा (eṣā) - this; ते (te) - your; भास्वरी (bhāsvarī) - shining; कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; अभिभविष्यति (abhibhaviṣyati) - will overcome;]
(Which your flesh from the limbs cut off, O Lord of men; this your shining fame the worlds will overcome.)
O Lord of men, the fact that your flesh was cut off from your limbs—this shining fame of yours will surpass the worlds. (03-131-29)
यावल्लोके मनुष्यास्त्वां कथयिष्यन्ति पार्थिव। तावत्कीर्तिश्च लोकाश्च स्थास्यन्ति तव शाश्वताः ॥०३-१३१-३०॥
yāvalloke manuṣyāstvāṃ kathayiṣyanti pārthiva। tāvatkīrtiśca lokāśca sthāsyanti tava śāśvatāḥ॥03-131-30॥
[यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; लोके (loke) - in the world; मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - men; त्वām् (tvām) - you; कथयिष्यन्ति (kathayiṣyanti) - will relate; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king; तावत् (tāvat) - so long; कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame; च (ca) - and; लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds; च (ca) - and; स्थास्यन्ति (sthāsyanti) - will remain; तव (tava) - your; शाश्वताः (śāśvatāḥ) - eternal;]
(As long as men in the world will relate you, O king, so long fame and worlds, eternal, will remain yours.)
O king, as long as people speak of you in the world, your eternal fame and worlds will endure. (03-131-30)
लोमश उवाच॥
lomaśa uvāca॥
[लोमश (lomaśa) - Lomaśa; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Lomaśa said;)
Lomaśa said.
तत्पाण्डवेय सदनं राज्ञस्तस्य महात्मनः। पश्यस्वैतन्मया सार्धं पुण्यं पापप्रमोचनम् ॥०३-१३१-३१॥
tat-pāṇḍaveya sadanaṃ rājñas tasya mahātmanaḥ। paśyasvaitan-mayā sārdhaṃ puṇyaṃ pāpapramocanam ॥03-131-31॥
[तत् (tat) - that; पाण्डवेय (pāṇḍaveya) - of Pāṇḍu's descendant; सदनं (sadanaṃ) - house; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; तस्य (tasya) - of him; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled; पश्यस (paśyasva) - see; एतत् (etat) - this; मया (mayā) - with me; सार्धं (sārdham) - together; पुण्यं (puṇyam) - holy; पापप्रमोचनम् (pāpa-pramocanam) - removing sin;]
(That, of the Pāṇḍava, house of the king, of him, of the great-souled. See this with me together, holy, removing sin.)
That is the house of the Pāṇḍava king, the great-souled one. See this together with me — it is holy and frees from sin. (03-131-31)
अत्र वै सततं देवा मुनयश्च सनातनाः। दृश्यन्ते ब्राह्मणै राजन्पुण्यवद्भिर्महात्मभिः ॥०३-१३१-३२॥
atra vai satataṃ devā munayaś ca sanātanāḥ। dṛśyante brāhmaṇai rājan puṇyavadbhir mahātmabhiḥ॥03-131-32॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; वै (vai) - indeed; सततम् (satataṃ) - always; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; मुनयः (munayaḥ) - the sages; च (ca) - and; सनातनाः (sanātanāḥ) - eternal; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brāhmaṇas; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पुण्यवद्भिः (puṇyavadbhiḥ) - by the virtuous; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls;]
(Here indeed always the gods, sages and eternal ones are seen by Brāhmaṇas, O king, by the virtuous, by great souls.)
O king, here the gods, sages, and eternal ones are always seen by Brāhmaṇas who are virtuous and great souls. (03-131-32)
