03.258
रामोपाख्यानम्
rāmopākhyānam
[राम (rāma) - Rāma; (proper noun); उपाख्यानम् (upākhyānam) - additional narrative; story;]
(Rāma story.)
The story of Rāma.
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
प्राप्तमप्रतिमं दुःखं रामेण भरतर्षभ। रक्षसा जानकी तस्य हृता भार्या बलीयसा ॥०३-२५८-१॥
prāptam-apratimaṃ duḥkhaṃ rāmeṇa bharatarṣabha। rakṣasā jānakī tasya hṛtā bhāryā balīyasā ॥03-258-1॥
[प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained; अप्रतिमम् (apratimam) - unparalleled; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow; रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - bull among the Bharatas; रक्षसा (rakṣasā) - by a rākṣasa; जानकी (jānakī) - Jānakī (Sītā); तस्य (tasya) - his; हृता (hṛtā) - carried off; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger;]
(Obtained unparalleled sorrow by Rāma, O bull among the Bharatas. By a rākṣasa, Jānakī, his wife, carried off by the stronger.)
O bull among the Bharatas, Rāma has encountered incomparable sorrow; Jānakī, his wife, has been carried off by a rākṣasa who was stronger than him. (03-258-1)
आश्रमाद्राक्षसेन्द्रेण रावणेन विहायसा। मायामास्थाय तरसा हत्वा गृध्रं जटायुषम् ॥०३-२५८-२॥
āśramādrākṣasendreṇa rāvaṇena vihāyasā। māyāmāsthāya tarasā hatvā gṛdhraṃ jaṭāyuṣam॥03-258-2॥
[आश्रमात् (āśramāt) (āśramāt) - from the hermitage; राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) (rākṣasendreṇa) - by the king of rākṣasas; रावणेन (rāvaṇena) (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa; विहायसा (vihāyasā) (vihāyasā) - through the sky; मायाम् (māyām) (māyām) - illusion; आस्थाय (āsthāya) (āsthāya) - having assumed; तरसा (tarasā) (tarasā) - with force; हत्वा (hatvā) (hatvā) - having slain; गृध्रम् (gṛdhram) (gṛdhram) - the vulture; जटायुषम् (jaṭāyuṣam) (jaṭāyuṣam) - (named) Jaṭāyu;]
(From the hermitage, by the king of rākṣasas, by Rāvaṇa, through the sky, having assumed illusion, with force, having slain the vulture Jaṭāyu.)
Rāvaṇa, the king of the rākṣasas, departing from the hermitage, swiftly flew through the sky using magic, and with force slew the vulture Jaṭāyu. (03-258-2)
प्रत्याजहार तां रामः सुग्रीवबलमाश्रितः। बद्ध्वा सेतुं समुद्रस्य दग्ध्वा लङ्कां शितैः शरैः ॥०३-२५८-३॥
pratyājahāra tāṃ rāmaḥ sugrīvabalam āśritaḥ। baddhvā setuṃ samudrasya dagdhvā laṅkāṃ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ ॥03-258-3॥
[प्रत्याजहार (pratyājahāra) - brought back; (from prati+ā+√hṛ); तां (tāṃ) - her; (accusative singular feminine); रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma; (nom. singular masculine, proper noun); सुग्रीवबलमाश्रितः (sugrīvabalam āśritaḥ) - having taken refuge in/in alliance with Sugrīva's strength; (sugrīva-balam āśritaḥ); बद्ध्वा (baddhvā) - having built; (absolutive, from bandh); सेतुम् (setum) - bridge; (accusative singular masculine); समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean; (genitive singular masculine); दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) - having burned; (absolutive, from dah); लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Laṅkā; (accusative singular feminine, proper noun); शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp; (instrumental plural neuter); शरैः (śaraiḥ) - arrows; (instrumental plural masculine);]
(Rāma, having taken refuge in Sugrīva's strength, brought back her; having built a bridge of the ocean, having burned Laṅkā with sharp arrows.)
Rāma, relying on Sugrīva's strength, brought her back—having built a bridge across the ocean and having burned Laṅkā with sharp arrows. (03-258-3)
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of the eldest Pāṇḍava); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (spoke, uttered);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
कस्मिन्रामः कुले जातः किंवीर्यः किम्पराक्रमः। रावणः कस्य वा पुत्रः किं वैरं तस्य तेन ह ॥०३-२५८-४॥
kasmin rāmaḥ kule jātaḥ kiṁvīryaḥ kimparākramaḥ। rāvaṇaḥ kasya vā putraḥ kiṁ vairaṁ tasya tena ha ॥03-258-4॥
[कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which; (locative, interrogative); रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma; (proper noun, nominative singular); कुले (kule) - in (what) family; (locative singular of kula, family); जातः (jātaḥ) - born; (past passive participle, nominative singular); किंवीर्यः (kiṁvīryaḥ) - of what valor; (interrogative bahuvrīhi compound); किम्पराक्रमः (kimparākramaḥ) - of what enterprise; (interrogative bahuvrīhi compound); रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa; (proper noun, nominative singular); कस्य (kasya) - of whom; (genitive singular, interrogative); वा (vā) - or; (particle); पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; (nominative singular); किं (kiṁ) - what; (interrogative); वैरं (vairaṁ) - enmity; (accusative singular); तस्य (tasya) - his; (genitive singular); तेन (tena) - with him; (instrumental singular); ह (ha) - indeed; (particle);]
(In which family Rāma born, of what valor, of what enterprise? Rāvaṇa, of whom or son? What enmity of his with him indeed?)
In which family was Rāma born, what is his valor, and what is his prowess? Of whom is Rāvaṇa the son, and what is the enmity between them? (03-258-4)
एतन्मे भगवन्सर्वं सम्यगाख्यातुमर्हसि। श्रोतुमिच्छामि चरितं रामस्याक्लिष्टकर्मणः ॥०३-२५८-५॥
etan me bhagavan sarvaṃ samyag ākhyātum arhasi। śrotum icchāmi caritaṃ rāmasya akliṣṭa-karmaṇaḥ॥03-258-5॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; मे (me) - to me; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to relate; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are worthy (fit, able); श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; चरितं (caritaṃ) - deed; रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma; अक्लिष्टकर्मणः (akliṣṭa-karmaṇaḥ) - of untiring action;]
(This to me, O revered one, all properly to relate you are worthy; to hear I wish the deed of Rāma of untiring action.)
O revered one, you are worthy to properly tell me all this; I wish to hear the deeds of Rāma of untiring action. (03-258-5)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markaṇḍeya; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Markaṇḍeya said;)
Markaṇḍeya said.
अजो नामाभवद्राजा महानिक्ष्वाकुवंशजः। तस्य पुत्रो दशरथः शश्वत्स्वाध्यायवाञ्शुचिः ॥०३-२५८-६॥
ajo nāmābhavad rājā mahā-nikṣvāku-vaṁśajaḥ. tasya putro daśarathaḥ śaśvat svādhyāya-vāñ śuciḥ ॥03-258-6॥
[अजः (ajaḥ) - Aja; (proper name); नाम (nāma) - by name; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; राजा (rājā) - king; महानिक्ष्वाकुवंशजः (mahā-nikṣvāku-vaṁśajaḥ) - great descendant of Ikṣvāku lineage; तस्य (tasya) - his; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - Daśaratha; (proper name); शश्वत् (śaśvat) - ever; स्वाध्यायवान् (svādhyāya-vān) - one endowed with self-study (of the Veda); शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure;]
(Aja, by name, became king, a great descendant of the Ikṣvāku lineage. His son was Daśaratha, ever endowed with self-study, pure. (03-258-6))
A king named Aja, a great descendant of the Ikṣvāku dynasty, was born. His son was Daśaratha, who was constantly devoted to self-study and was pure. (03-258-6)
अभवंस्तस्य चत्वारः पुत्रा धर्मार्थकोविदाः। रामलक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्ना भरतश्च महाबलः ॥०३-२५८-७॥
abhavaṃs tasya catvāraḥ putrā dharmārthakovidāḥ। rāmalakṣmaṇaśatrughnā bharataś ca mahābalaḥ॥03-258-7॥
[अभवं (abhavam) - became; arose; तस्य (tasya) - of him; his; चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; धर्मार्थकोविदाः (dharmārthakovidāḥ) - skilled in dharma and artha; रामलक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नाः (rāmalakṣmaṇaśatrughnāḥ) - Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, Śatrughna; भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata; च (ca) - and; महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - of great strength;]
(There arose to him four sons skilled in dharma and artha: Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, Śatrughna, and Bharata, of great strength.)
To him were born four sons, skilled in dharma and artha: Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, Śatrughna, and Bharata, all of great strength. (03-258-7)
रामस्य माता कौसल्या कैकेयी भरतस्य तु। सुतौ लक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नौ सुमित्रायाः परन्तपौ ॥०३-२५८-८॥
rāmasya mātā kausalyā kaikeyī bharatasya tu। sutau lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau sumitrāyāḥ parantapau ॥03-258-8॥
[रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma; माता (mātā) - mother; कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalyā; कैकेयी (kaikeyī) - Kaikeyī; भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata; तु (tu) - but; सुतौ (sutau) - two sons; लक्ष्मणशत्रुघ्नौ (lakṣmaṇaśatrughnau) - Lakṣmaṇa and Śatrughna; सुमित्रायाः (sumitrāyāḥ) - of Sumitrā; परन्तपौ (parantapau) - two tormentors of foes;]
(Of Rāma, mother is Kausalyā; Kaikeyī (is the mother) of Bharata, but; two sons, Lakṣmaṇa and Śatrughna, are (the sons) of Sumitrā, the two tormentors of foes.)
Kausalyā is the mother of Rāma; Kaikeyī is the mother of Bharata; but Lakṣmaṇa and Śatrughna, the two tormentors of foes, are the sons of Sumitrā. (03-258-8)
विदेहराजो जनकः सीता तस्यात्मजा विभो। यां चकार स्वयं त्वष्टा रामस्य महिषीं प्रियाम् ॥०३-२५८-९॥
videharājo janakaḥ sītā tasyātmajā vibho। yāṃ cakāra svayaṃ tvaṣṭā rāmasya mahiṣīṃ priyām ॥03-258-9॥
[विदेहराजो (videharājo) - king of Videha; जनकः (janakaḥ) - Janaka; सीता (sītā) - Sītā; तस्यात्मजा (tasyātmajā) - his daughter; विभो (vibho) - O lord; यां (yāṃ) - whom; चकार (cakāra) - made; स्वयं (svayaṃ) - himself; त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā) - the creator; रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma; महिषीं (mahiṣīṃ) - consort; प्रियाम् (priyām) - beloved;]
(King of Videha, Janaka, Sītā, his daughter, O lord, whom the creator himself made the beloved consort of Rāma.)
King Janaka of Videha had a daughter named Sītā, O lord, whom the creator himself made the beloved consort of Rāma. (03-258-9)
एतद्रामस्य ते जन्म सीतायाश्च प्रकीर्तितम्। रावणस्यापि ते जन्म व्याख्यास्यामि जनेश्वर ॥०३-२५८-१०॥
etadrāmasya te janma sītāyāśca prakīrtitam। rāvaṇasyāpi te janma vyākhyāsyāmi janeśvara ॥03-258-10॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma; ते (te) - your; जन्म (janma) - birth; सीतायाः (sītāyāḥ) - of Sītā; च (ca) - and; प्रकीर्तितम् (prakīrtitam) - has been proclaimed; रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa; अपि (api) - also; ते (te) - to you; जन्म (janma) - birth; व्याख्यास्यामि (vyākhyāsyāmi) - I shall explain; जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of people;]
(This of Rāma your birth and of Sītā also is proclaimed. Of Rāvaṇa also to you the birth I shall explain, O lord of people.)
This is the account of Rāma's birth and that of Sītā which has been proclaimed to you. I shall also explain to you the birth of Rāvaṇa, O lord of people. (03-258-10)
पितामहो रावणस्य साक्षाद्देवः प्रजापतिः। स्वयम्भूः सर्वलोकानां प्रभुः स्रष्टा महातपाः ॥०३-२५८-११॥
pitāmaho rāvaṇasya sākṣāddevaḥ prajāpatiḥ। svayambhūḥ sarvalokānāṃ prabhuḥ sraṣṭā mahātapāḥ॥03-258-11॥
[पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather; रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa; साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly; देवः प्रजापतिः (devaḥ prajāpatiḥ) - divine Prajāpati; स्वयम्भूः (svayambhūḥ) - self-born; सर्वलोकानाम् (sarvalokānām) - of all worlds; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord; स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - creator; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - of great austerity;]
(The grandfather of Rāvaṇa is directly the divine Prajāpati, the self-born, lord of all worlds, creator, of great austerity.)
Rāvaṇa's grandfather is directly the divine Prajāpati, the self-born lord, creator of all worlds, and one of great austerity. (03-258-11)
पुलस्त्यो नाम तस्यासीन्मानसो दयितः सुतः। तस्य वैश्रवणो नाम गवि पुत्रोऽभवत्प्रभुः ॥०३-२५८-१२॥
pulastyo nāma tasyāsīnmānaso dayitaḥ sutaḥ। tasya vaiśravaṇo nāma gavi putro'bhavatprabhuḥ॥03-258-12॥
[पुलस्त्यः (pulastyaḥ) - Pulastya; (proper noun; name of a sage); नाम (nāma) - named; called; तस्य (tasya) - his; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; मानसः (mānasaḥ) - mental; of the mind; born from the mind; दयितः (dayitaḥ) - beloved; dear; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; तस्य (tasya) - his; वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaiśravaṇa; (proper noun; name); नाम (nāma) - named; called; गवि (gavi) - from Gavi; (possibly 'from a cow', or name of a woman); पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord; master;]
(Pulastya named, his was mental beloved son. His Vaiśravaṇa named, from Gavi son became lord.)
Pulastya, so named, was his mind-born beloved son. His son, born of Gavi, was named Vaiśravaṇa, who became a lord. (03-258-12)
पितरं स समुत्सृज्य पितामहमुपस्थितः। तस्य कोपात्पिता राजन्ससर्जात्मानमात्मना ॥०३-२५८-१३॥
pitaraṃ sa samutsṛjya pitāmaham upasthitaḥ। tasya kopāt pitā rājan sasarjātmānam ātmanā ॥03-258-13॥
[पितरं (pitaraṃ) - the father (accusative singular); स (sa) - he; समुत्सृज्य (samutsṛjya) - having abandoned; पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - the grandfather (accusative singular); उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - having approached; तस्य (tasya) - of him; कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger; पिता (pitā) - the father (nominative singular); राजन् (rājan) - O king; ससर्ज (sasarja) - created; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (accusative singular); आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself;]
(The father him having abandoned, the grandfather (he) approached. Of him from anger the father, O king, created himself by himself.)
He, having abandoned his father, approached the grandfather. From anger at him, O king, the father created himself by himself. (03-258-13)
स जज्ञे विश्रवा नाम तस्यात्मार्धेन वै द्विजः। प्रतीकाराय सक्रोधस्ततो वैश्रवणस्य वै ॥०३-२५८-१४॥
sa jajñe viśravā nāma tasyātmārdhena vai dvijaḥ. pratīkārāya sakrodhastato vaiśravaṇasya vai ॥03-258-14॥
[स (sa) - he; जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born; विश्रवा (viśravā) - Viśravā (proper noun); नाम (nāma) - by name; तस्य (tasya) - his; आत्मार्धेन (ātmārdhena) - with half of (his) own self; वै (vai) - indeed; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmin); प्रतीकाराय (pratīkārāya) - for retaliation; सक्रोधः (sakrodhaḥ) - with anger; ततः (tataḥ) - then; वैश्रवणस्य (vaiśravaṇasya) - of Vaiśravaṇa; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(He was born, Viśravā by name, with half of his own self indeed, the twice-born; for retaliation, with anger, then, of Vaiśravaṇa indeed.)
He, the twice-born named Viśravā, was born from half of himself indeed; then, with anger, for retaliation against Vaiśravaṇa. (03-258-14)
पितामहस्तु प्रीतात्मा ददौ वैश्रवणस्य ह। अमरत्वं धनेशत्वं लोकपालत्वमेव च ॥०३-२५८-१५॥
pitāmahastu prītātmā dadau vaiśravaṇasya ha। amaratvaṃ dhaneśatvaṃ lokapālatvameva ca ॥03-258-15॥
[पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather (Brahmā); तुः (tuḥ) - but; प्रीतात्मा (prītātmā) - with a delighted mind; ददौ (dadau) - gave; वैश्रवणस्य (vaiśravaṇasya) - to Vaiśravaṇa; ह (ha) - indeed; अमरत्वम् (amaratvam) - immortality; धनेशत्वम् (dhaneśatvam) - lordship over wealth; लोकपालत्वम् (lokapālatvam) - guardianship of the world; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and;]
(But the grandfather (Brahmā), with a delighted mind, gave to Vaiśravaṇa, indeed, immortality, lordship over wealth, guardianship of the world indeed and.)
But the grandfather (Brahmā), pleased at heart, gave immortality, lordship over wealth, and guardianship of the world to Vaiśravaṇa. (03-258-15)
ईशानेन तथा सख्यं पुत्रं च नलकूबरम्। राजधानीनिवेशं च लङ्कां रक्षोगणान्विताम् ॥०३-२५८-१६॥
īśānena tathā sakhyaṃ putraṃ ca nalakūbaram। rājadhānī-niveśaṃ ca laṅkāṃ rakṣogaṇānvitām ॥03-258-16॥
[ईशानेन (īśānena) - by Īśāna (a deity); तथा (tathā) - also; in like manner; सख्यं (sakhyam) - friendship; पुत्रं (putram) - son; च (ca) - and; नलकूबरम् (nalakūbaram) - Nalakūbara (proper name, son of Kubera); राजधानीनिवेशं (rājadhānī-niveśam) - city establishment; च (ca) - and; लङ्कां (laṅkāṃ) - Laṅkā (proper name; the city of Laṅkā); रक्षोगणान्विताम् (rakṣogaṇānvitām) - endowed with groups of rākṣasas (demons);]
(By Īśāna also friendship, the son Nalakūbara; the city establishment and Laṅkā endowed with groups of rākṣasas.)
Īśāna gave him friendship, and a son, Nalakūbara; he also obtained the establishment of the capital city, Laṅkā, teeming with groups of rākṣasas. (03-258-16)
