04.004
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (a proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said;
कर्माण्युक्तानि युष्माभिर्यानि तानि करिष्यथ। मम चापि यथाबुद्धि रुचितानि विनिश्चयात् ॥०४-४-१॥
karmāṇy-uktāni yuṣmābhir yāni tāni kariṣyatha। mama cāpi yathābuddhi rucitāni viniścayāt ॥04-4-1॥
[कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken; युष्माभिः (yuṣmābhiḥ) - by you; यानि (yāni) - which; तानि (tāni) - those; करिष्यथ (kariṣyatha) - you will do; मम (mama) - my; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; यथा (yathā) - according to; बुद्धि (buddhi) - intellect; रुचितानि (rucitāni) - pleasing; विनिश्चयात् (viniścayāt) - from decision;]
(The actions spoken by you, those you will perform. And also my actions, according to intellect, those which are pleasing, with determination.)
You will do those actions as spoken by you, and I too will, with determination and as my understanding suggests, do those which are agreeable to me. (04-4-1)
पुरोहितोऽयमस्माकमग्निहोत्राणि रक्षतु। सूदपौरोगवैः सार्धं द्रुपदस्य निवेशने ॥०४-४-२॥
purohito'ayam asmākam agnihotrāṇi rakṣatu। sūda-paurogavaiḥ sārdhaṃ drupadasya niveśane ॥04-4-2॥
[पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - household priest; अयम् (ayam) - this; अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our; अग्निहोत्राणि (agnihotrāṇi) - fire-offerings; रक्षतु (rakṣatu) - may (he) protect; सूदपौरोगवैः (sūda-paurogavaiḥ) - with cooks and priests; सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with; द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada; निवेशने (niveśane) - in the dwelling;]
(The household priest, this one, our fire-offerings may protect. With cooks and priests together, in Drupada's dwelling.)
May this household priest protect our fire-offerings together with the cooks and priests in Drupada's dwelling. (04-4-2)
इन्द्रसेनमुखाश्चेमे रथानादाय केवलान्। यान्तु द्वारवतीं शीघ्रमिति मे वर्तते मतिः ॥०४-४-३॥
indrasenamukhāś ceme rathān ādāya kevalān। yāntu dvāravatīṃ śīghram iti me vartate matiḥ॥04-4-3॥
[इन्द्रसेनमुखाः (indrasenamukhāḥ) - those with Indrasena at the head; च (ca) - and; इमे (ime) - these; रथान् (rathān) - chariots; आदाय (ādāya) - having taken; केवलान् (kevalān) - alone (only); यान्तु (yāntu) - let (them) go; द्वारवतीम् (dvāravatīm) - to Dvāravatī; शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; मतिः (matiḥ) - thought;]
(Indrasena-headed these, chariots having taken only, let them go to Dvāravatī quickly, thus my thought exists.)
My thought is this: let these (warriors), with Indrasena at their head, taking only chariots, quickly proceed to Dvāravatī. (04-4-3)
इमाश्च नार्यो द्रौपद्याः सर्वशः परिचारिकाः। पाञ्चालानेव गच्छन्तु सूदपौरोगवैः सह ॥०४-४-४॥
imāś ca nāryo draupadyāḥ sarvaśaḥ paricārikāḥ। pāñcālān eva gacchantu sūda-paurogavaiḥ saha ॥04-4-4॥
[इमाः (imāḥ) - these (feminine plural); च (ca) - and; नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women; द्रौपद्याः (draupadyāḥ) - of Draupadī (genitive singular feminine or nominative plural feminine adj.); सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - all; collectively; परिचारिकाः (paricārikāḥ) - attendants; पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - to the Pāñcāla country (accusative plural); एव (eva) - indeed; only; गच्छन्तु (gacchantu) - let them go; सूदपौरोगवैः (sūda-paurogavaiḥ) - with the cooks and chaplains; सह (saha) - together;]
(These and Draupadī's women, all attendants, let them go indeed to the Pāñcālas together with the cooks and chaplains.)
Let these women, the attendants of Draupadī, all together, go to the Pāñcāla country along with the cooks and chaplains. (04-4-4)
सर्वैरपि च वक्तव्यं न प्रज्ञायन्त पाण्डवाः। गता ह्यस्मानपाकीर्य सर्वे द्वैतवनादिति ॥०४-४-५॥
sarvair api ca vaktavyaṁ na prajñāyanta pāṇḍavāḥ. gatā hy asmān apākīrya sarve dvaitavanād iti ॥04-4-5॥
[सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be said; न (na) - not; प्रज्ञायन्त (prajñāyanta) - are understood; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas; गता (gatā) - have gone; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; अपाकीर्य (apākīrya) - having abandoned; सर्वे (sarve) - all; द्वैतवनात् (dvaitavanāt) - from the Dvaita forest; इति (iti) - thus;]
(By all also and it should be said, not are understood the Pāṇḍavas. Have gone indeed us having abandoned, all from the Dvaita forest, thus.)
It should also be said by everyone that the Pāṇḍavas are not found; they have indeed all left us and gone from the Dvaita forest. (04-4-5)
धौम्य उवाच॥
dhaumya uvāca॥
[धौम्य (dhaumya) - Dhaumya; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhaumya said;)
Dhaumya said.
विदिते चापि वक्तव्यं सुहृद्भिरनुरागतः। अतोऽहमपि वक्ष्यामि हेतुमात्रं निबोधत ॥०४-४-६॥
vidite cāpi vaktavyaṃ suhṛdbhir-anurāgataḥ। ato'ham-api vakṣyāmi hetumātraṃ nibodhata ॥04-4-6॥
[विदिते (vidite) - when it is known; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; वक्तव्यं (vaktavyam) - to be said; सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - by friends; अनुरागतः (anurāgataḥ) - affectionate; अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; अहम् (aham) - I; अपि (api) - also; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - will speak; हेतु (hetu) - the reason; मात्रं (mātram) - only; निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand;]
(When it is known and also to be said by affectionate friends, therefore I also will speak; only the reason, understand.)
When something is known and is to be spoken by affectionate friends, therefore I too shall state it. Please understand only the reason for this. (04-4-6)
हन्तेमां राजवसतिं राजपुत्रा ब्रवीमि वः। यथा राजकुलं प्राप्य चरन्प्रेष्यो न रिष्यति ॥०४-४-७॥
hantemāṁ rājavasatiṁ rājamputrā bravīmi vaḥ। yathā rājakulaṁ prāpya caranpreṣyo na riṣyati॥04-4-7॥
[हन्त (hanta) - indeed; इमां (imām) - this (feminine accusative); राजवसतिं (rājavasatim) - royal residence; राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - O princes; ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say; वः (vaḥ) - to you (plural); यथा (yathā) - so that; राजकुलम् (rājakulam) - royal family; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; चरन् (caran) - moving about; प्रेष्यः (preṣyaḥ) - servant; न (na) - not; रिष्यति (riṣyati) - will suffer harm;]
(Indeed, this royal residence, O princes, I say to you; so that, having reached the royal family, the servant moving about will not suffer harm.)
Indeed, O princes, I show you this royal residence so that, upon serving in the royal household, the servant will not suffer any harm. (04-4-7)
दुर्वसं त्वेव कौरव्या जानता राजवेश्मनि। अमानितैः सुमानार्हा अज्ञातैः परिवत्सरम् ॥०४-४-८॥
durvasaṁ tveva kauravyā jānatā rājaveśmani। amānitaiḥ sumānārhā ajñātaiḥ parivatsaram॥04-4-8॥
[दुर्वसं (durvasam) - Durvasa (proper noun; sage); तु (tu) - but; however; एव (eva) - indeed; surely; कौरव्या (kauravyā) - O Kauravya (descendant of Kuru; vocative); जानता (jānatā) - knowing; by the one who knows; राजवेश्मनि (rājaveśmani) - in the royal palace; अमानितैः (amānitaiḥ) - by the dishonored; by those not respected; सुमानार्हा (sumānārhā) - worthy of great honor; अज्ञातैः (ajñātaiḥ) - by the unknown; by those not recognized; परिवत्सरम् (parivatsaram) - for a year;]
(But indeed, O Kauravya, Durvasa, knowing (this), in the royal palace, by the dishonored, (he who is) worthy of great honor, by the unrecognized, for a year.)
But, O Kauravya, Durvasa—knowing this—remained in the royal palace, unhonored by those unrecognized, he who was worthy of great honor, for a year. (04-4-8)
दिष्टद्वारो लभेद्द्वारं न च राजसु विश्वसेत्। तदेवासनमन्विच्छेद्यत्र नाभिषजेत्परः ॥०४-४-९॥
diṣṭadvāro labheddvāraṁ na ca rājasu viśvaset। tadevāsanamanvicched yatra nābhiṣajetparaḥ॥04-4-9॥
[दिष्टद्वारः (diṣṭadvāraḥ) - who has a predestined entrance; लभेत् (labhet) - should obtain; द्वारम् (dvāram) - method; way; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; राजसु (rājasu) - in kings; with kings; विश्वसेत् (viśvaset) - should trust; तत् (tat) - that; एव (eva) - only; just; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; position; अन्विच्छेत् (anvicchet) - should seek; look for; यत्र (yatra) - where; न (na) - not; अभिषजेत् (abhiṣajet) - would harm; attack; परः (paraḥ) - another; other person;]
(Who has a predestined entrance should obtain a way and should not trust in kings; that only seat should be sought where another would not harm.)
One who has a destined way should find a method, and should not trust kings. One should only seek such a position where no one else can cause harm. (04-4-9)
नास्य यानं न पर्यङ्कं न पीठं न गजं रथम्। आरोहेत्संमतोऽस्मीति स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-१०॥
nāsya yānaṃ na paryaṅkaṃ na pīṭhaṃ na gajaṃ ratham। ārohetsaṃmato'smīti sa rājavasatiṃ vaset ॥04-4-10॥
[न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - of him; यानं (yānam) - vehicle; न (na) - not; पर्यङ्कं (paryaṅkam) - couch; न (na) - not; पीठं (pīṭham) - seat; न (na) - not; गजं (gajam) - elephant; रथम् (ratham) - chariot; आरोहेत् (ārohet) - should mount; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - approved; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; इति (iti) - thus; सः (saḥ) - he; राजवसतिं (rājavasatim) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell;]
(Not of him vehicle, not couch, not seat, not elephant, chariot; should mount (if) approved, 'I am thus,' he royal residence should dwell.)
He should not mount any vehicle, couch, seat, elephant, or chariot, thinking 'I am approved,' and he should reside in the royal residence. (04-4-10)
अथ यत्रैनमासीनं शङ्केरन्दुष्टचारिणः। न तत्रोपविशेज्जातु स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-११॥
atha yatra enam āsīnaṃ śaṅkeran duṣṭacāriṇaḥ। na tatropaviśej jātu sa rājavasatiṃ vaset ॥04-4-11॥
[अथ (atha) - now; then; यत्र (yatra) - where; एनम् (enam) - him (this person); आसीनम् (āsīnam) - sitting; शङ्केरन् (śaṅkeran) - (they) might suspect; दुष्टचारिणः (duṣṭacāriṇaḥ) - wicked behavior persons; न (na) - not; तत्र (tatra) - there; उपविशेत् (upaviśet) - (should) sit; जातु (jātu) - ever; at any time; सः (sa) - he; राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - (should) dwell;]
(Now, where wicked behavior persons might suspect him sitting, not there should he ever sit, he should dwell in the royal residence.)
Therefore, wherever wicked persons might suspect him (of wrongdoing) while sitting there, he should never sit there; he should reside in the royal residence. (04-4-11)
न चानुशिष्येद्राजानमपृच्छन्तं कदाचन। तूष्णीं त्वेनमुपासीत काले समभिपूजयन् ॥०४-४-१२॥
na ca anuśiṣyed rājānam apṛcchantam kadācana। tūṣṇīṃ tu enam upāsīta kāle sam-abhipūjayan ॥04-4-12॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अनुशिष्येत् (anuśiṣyet) - should instruct; राजानम् (rājānam) - king (accusative singular); अपृच्छन्तम् (apṛcchantam) - not asking; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; तूष्णीं (tūṣṇīm) - silently; तु (tu) - but; एनम् (enam) - him; उपासीत (upāsīta) - should attend; काले (kāle) - at the proper time; समभिपूजयन् (sam-abhipūjayan) - honoring suitably;]
(And one should not instruct a king who does not ask at any time; but should attend him silently, honoring him at the proper time.)
One must never instruct a king who has not enquired; instead, one should serve him silently, showing him due honor at the appropriate time. (04-4-12)
असूयन्ति हि राजानो जनाननृतवादिनः। तथैव चावमन्यन्ते मन्त्रिणं वादिनं मृषा ॥०४-४-१३॥
asūyanti hi rājāno janān anṛtavādinaḥ। tathaiva ca avamanyante mantriṇam vādinaṃ mṛṣā ॥04-4-13॥
[असूयन्ति (asūyanti) - are envious; हि (hi) - indeed; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; जनान् (janān) - people; अनृतवादिनः (anṛtavādinaḥ) - speaking untruth; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; च (ca) - and; अवमन्यन्ते (avamanyante) - despise; मन्त्रिणम् (mantriṇam) - minister; वादिनम् (vādinam) - who speaks; मृषा (mṛṣā) - falsely;]
(Are envious indeed kings of people speaking untruth. In the same way and despise minister who speaks falsely.)
Kings are indeed envious of people who speak untruth, and in the same way, they also despise a minister who speaks falsely. (04-4-13)
नैषां दारेषु कुर्वीत मैत्रीं प्राज्ञः कथञ्चन। अन्तःपुरचरा ये च द्वेष्टि यानहिताश्च ये ॥०४-४-१४॥
naiṣāṃ dāreṣu kurvīta maitrīṃ prājñaḥ kathañcana। antaḥpuracarā ye ca dveṣṭi yānahitāśca ye ॥04-4-14॥
[नैषां (naiṣām) - not with their; दारेषु (dāreṣu) - with wives; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should make; मैत्रीं (maitrīṃ) - friendship; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way; अन्तःपुरचरा (antaḥpuracarā) - those who move within the inner apartments; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates; यानहिताः (yānahitāḥ) - those who are not well-wishers; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who;]
(Not with their wives should make friendship a wise person in any way. Those who move within the inner apartments and who hate and those who are not well-wishers.)
A wise man should never make friendship with the wives of these men. Those who live in the women's quarters, those who are hostile, and those who are not well-wishers. (4-4-14)
विदिते चास्य कुर्वीत कार्याणि सुलघून्यपि। एवं विचरतो राज्ञो न क्षतिर्जायते क्वचित् ॥०४-४-१५॥
vidite cāsya kurvīta kāryāṇi sulaghūny api। evaṃ vicarato rājño na kṣatir jāyate kvacit॥ 04-4-15॥
[विदिते (vidite) - (when) known; चा (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - of him; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should perform; कार्याणि (kāryāṇi) - tasks; सुलघूनि (sulaghūni) - very easy; अपि (api) - even; एवम् (evaṃ) - thus; विचरतो (vicarataḥ) - of one who acts; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; न (na) - not; क्षतिः (kṣatiḥ) - loss; जायते (jāyate) - arises; क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere;]
(When known and even the very easy tasks of him one should perform; thus, for the king who acts, no loss arises anywhere.)
When his intentions are known, even the easiest tasks should be performed; in this manner, as the king acts thus, he suffers no loss anywhere. (04-4-15)
यत्नाच्चोपचरेदेनमग्निवद्देववच्च ह। अनृतेनोपचीर्णो हि हिंस्यादेनमसंशयम् ॥०४-४-१६॥
yatnāccopacaredenamagnivaddevavacca ha। anṛtenopacīrṇo hi hiṁsyādenamasaṁśayam ॥04-4-16॥
[यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort; च (ca) - and; उपचरेत् (upacaret) - one should attend; एनम् (enam) - him (this one); अग्निवत् (agnivat) - as to fire; देववत् (devavat) - as to a deity; च (ca) - and; ह (ha) - indeed; अनृतेन (anṛtena) - with untruth; उपचीर्णः (upacīrṇaḥ) - offered up (i.e., being served/fed); हि (hi) - for; हिंस्यात् (hiṁsyāt) - would harm; एनम् (enam) - him; असंशयम् (asaṁśayam) - without doubt;]
(With effort and indeed one should attend to him as to fire, as to a deity; for being offered up with untruth, one would harm him, without doubt.)
One should carefully serve him as one would serve fire or a deity; for if he is honored with falsehood, it would undoubtedly harm him. (04-4-16)
यच्च भर्तानुयुञ्जीत तदेवाभ्यनुवर्तयेत्। प्रमादमवहेलां च कोपं च परिवर्जयेत् ॥०४-४-१७॥
yacca bhartā’nuyuñjīta tadevābhyanuvartayet| pramādamavahelāṁ ca kopaṁ ca parivarjayet ॥04-4-17॥
[यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; भर्ता (bhartā) - husband; अनुयुञ्जीत (anuyuñjīta) - should engage in; तत् (tat) - that; एव (eva) - only; अभ्यनुवर्तयेत् (abhyanuvartayet) - should precisely follow; प्रमादम् (pramādam) - error; अवहेलाम् (avahelām) - neglect; च (ca) - and; कोपम् (kopam) - anger; च (ca) - and; परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - should avoid;]
(And which (conduct) the husband should engage in, that only should she precisely follow. She should avoid error, neglect, and anger.)
She should exactly follow whatever conduct the husband pursues. She must avoid error, neglect, and anger. (04-4-17)
समर्थनासु सर्वासु हितं च प्रियमेव च। संवर्णयेत्तदेवास्य प्रियादपि हितं वदेत् ॥०४-४-१८॥
samarthanāsu sarvāsu hitaṃ ca priyam eva ca । saṃvarṇayet tad eva asya priyād api hitam vadet ॥04-4-18॥
[समर्थनासु (samarthanāsu) - among all supports; सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - all; हितं (hitaṃ) - beneficial; च (ca) - and; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; संवर्णयेत् (saṃvarṇayet) - should praise; तद् (tad) - that; एव (eva) - indeed; अस्य (asya) - to him; प्रियात् (priyāt) - than what is dear; अपि (api) - even; हितं (hitaṃ) - benefit; वदेत् (vadet) - should speak;]
(Among all supports, both beneficial and what is indeed dear, one should praise only that; and to him, even more than what is dear, one should speak what is beneficial.)
In every situation, whether of benefit or affection, one should praise only the beneficial; and to him, even more than what is pleasing, one should speak what is for his good. (04-4-18)
अनुकूलो भवेच्चास्य सर्वार्थेषु कथासु च। अप्रियं चाहितं यत्स्यात्तदस्मै नानुवर्णयेत् ॥०४-४-१९॥
anukūlo bhavec cāsya sarvārtheṣu kathāsu ca। apriyaṃ cāhitaṃ yat syāt tadasmai nānuvarṇayet॥04-4-19॥
[अनुकूलः (anukūlaḥ) (anukūlaḥ) - favorable; beneficial; supportive; भवेत् (bhavet) (bhavet) - should be; ought to be; च (ca) (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) (asya) - towards him; of him; सर्वार्थेषु (sarvārtheṣu) (sarvārtheṣu) - in all matters; for all purposes; कथासु (kathāsu) (kathāsu) - in conversations; in discussions; च (ca) (ca) - and; अप्रियं (apriyam) (apriyam) - unpleasant; disagreeable; च (ca) (ca) - and; अहितं (ahitam) (ahitam) - harmful; injurious; यत् (yat) (yat) - which; स्यात् (syāt) (syāt) - might be; may be; तत् (tat) (tat) - that; अस्मै (asmai) (asmai) - to him; न (na) (na) - not; अनुवर्णयेत् (anuvarṇayet) (anuvarṇayet) - should recount; should relate; should describe;]
(He should be favorable to him in all matters and in conversations; and that which is unpleasant or harmful, he should not recount to him.)
He should be supportive in every matter and in conversations, and should not tell him anything disagreeable or harmful. (04-4-19)
नाहमस्य प्रियोऽस्मीति मत्वा सेवेत पण्डितः। अप्रमत्तश्च यत्तश्च हितं कुर्यात्प्रियं च यत् ॥०४-४-२०॥
nāham asya priyo'smīti matvā seveta paṇḍitaḥ। apramattaś ca yattaś ca hitaṃ kuryāt priyaṃ ca yat॥04-4-20॥
[न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्य (asya) - of him; his; प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear; favored; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus; so; मत्वा (matvā) - having thought; सेवेत (seveta) - should serve; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise person; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not heedless; vigilant; च (ca) - and; यत्तः (yattaḥ) - diligent; exerting; च (ca) - and; हितम् (hitaṃ) - beneficial; what is good; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; प्रियं (priyaṃ) - what is pleasing; agreeable; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - whatever;]
(Not I his dear am thus having thought should serve wise person; not heedless and diligent and beneficial should do pleasing and whatever.)
A wise person, not thinking ‘I am not dear to him’, should serve. Being vigilant and diligent, he should do what is beneficial and whatever is pleasing. (04-4-20)
नास्यानिष्टानि सेवेत नाहितैः सह संवसेत्। स्वस्थानान्न विकम्पेत स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-२१॥
nāsyāniṣṭāni seveta nāhitaiḥ saha saṃvaset। svasthānānna vikampeta sa rājavasatiṃ vaset॥04-4-21॥
[न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - of him; his; अनिष्टानि (aniṣṭāni) - undesirable acts; evils; सेवेत (seveda) - should perform; should engage in; न (na) - not; अहितैः (ahitaiḥ) - with harmful ones; with wicked persons; सह (saha) - with; together; संवसेत् (saṃvaset) - should dwell; should associate; स्वस्थानात् (svasthānāt) - from one's own place; न (na) - not; विकम्पेत (vikampeta) - should move; should waver; सः (saḥ) - he; राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - the king's residence; royal dwelling; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell; should reside;]
(He should not perform his undesirable acts; should not associate with harmful ones; should not move from his own place; he should reside in the king's residence.)
He should not engage in undesirable acts of his own, should not associate with wicked people, should not leave his own place, and should reside in the king's residence. (04-4-21)
दक्षिणं वाथ वामं वा पार्श्वमासीत पण्डितः। रक्षिणां ह्यात्तशस्त्राणां स्थानं पश्चाद्विधीयते ॥ नित्यं विप्रतिषिद्धं तु पुरस्तादासनं महत् ॥०४-४-२२॥
dakṣiṇaṃ vātha vāmaṃ vā pārśvam āsīta paṇḍitaḥ। rakṣiṇāṃ hy āttaśastrāṇāṃ sthānaṃ paścād vidhīyate॥ nityaṃ vipratiṣiddhaṃ tu purastād āsanaṃ mahat॥04-4-22॥
[दक्षिणं (dakṣiṇam) - right side; वा (vā) - or; अथ (atha) - or; वामं (vāmaṃ) - left; वा (vā) - or; पार्श्वम् (pārśvam) - side; आसीत् (āsīt) - should sit; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - learned person; रक्षिणां (rakṣiṇām) - of the guards; हि (hi) - indeed; आत्तशस्त्राणां (āttaśastrāṇām) - equipped-with-weapons; स्थानम् (sthānam) - place; पश्चात् (paścāt) - behind; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; विप्रतिषिद्धम् (vipratiṣiddham) - prohibited; तु (tu) - but; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; महत् (mahat) - high;]
(The learned person should sit on the right side or the left side. Indeed, the place of the guards equipped with weapons is prescribed behind. Always, a high seat in front is prohibited.)
A learned person should sit either on the right or left side. The position for armed guards is prescribed behind. A prominent seat in the front is always forbidden. (04-4-22)
न च संदर्शने किञ्चित्प्रवृद्धमपि सञ्जपेत्। अपि ह्येतद्दरिद्राणां व्यलीकस्थानमुत्तमम् ॥०४-४-२३॥
na ca sandarśane kiñcit pravṛddham api sañjapet। api hy etad daridrāṇām vyalīkāsthānam uttamam॥04-4-23॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; संदर्शने (sandarśane) - in the presence; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; प्रवृद्धम् (pravṛddham) - grown; increased; अपि (api) - even; सञ्जपेत् (sañjapet) - one should recite; mutter; अपि (api) - indeed; even; हि (hi) - surely; एतत् (etad) - this; दरिद्राणाम् (daridrāṇām) - of the poor; व्यलीकस्थानम् (vyalīkāsthānam) - the place of deceit; situation of error; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - highest; best;]
(And not in the presence should one recite even anything greatly grown. Even indeed this is the highest place of deceit for the poor.)
One should not utter anything—even something greatly increased—in the presence of others; for truly, this is the prime place of deceit for the poor. (04-4-23)
न मृषाभिहितं राज्ञो मनुष्येषु प्रकाशयेत्। यं चासूयन्ति राजानः पुरुषं न वदेच्च तम् ॥०४-४-२४॥
na mṛṣābhihitaṃ rājño manuṣyeṣu prakāśayet। yaṃ cā-sūyanti rājānaḥ puruṣaṃ na vadet ca tam॥04-4-24॥
[न (na) - not; मृषा-अभिहितं (mṛṣā-abhihitam) - falsely spoken; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among men; प्रकाशयेत् (prakāśayet) - should make known; यं (yam) - whom; च (ca) - and; असूयन्ति (asūyanti) - disparage; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - the kings; पुरुषं (puruṣam) - man; न (na) - not; वदेत् (vadet) - should mention; च (ca) - and; तम् (tam) - that (person);]
(Not falsely spoken the king's (speech) among men should make known. Whom and disparage the kings, man, not should mention and that (person).)
One should not make known among men what the king has falsely spoken; nor should mention that man whom the kings disparage. (04-4-24)
शूरोऽस्मीति न दृप्तः स्याद्बुद्धिमानिति वा पुनः। प्रियमेवाचरन्राज्ञः प्रियो भवति भोगवान् ॥०४-४-२५॥
śūro'smīti na dṛptaḥ syādbuddhimāniti vā punaḥ। priyamevācaranrājñaḥ priyo bhavati bhogavān ॥04-4-25॥
[शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; इति (iti) - thus; न (na) - not; दृप्तः (dṛptaḥ) - arrogant; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent; इति (iti) - thus; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; प्रियं (priyam) - that which is pleasing; एव (eva) - only; आचरन् (ācaran) - acting; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; भोगवान् (bhogavān) - enjoyer of pleasures;]
(One should not be arrogant by thinking "I am a hero" or again by thinking "I am intelligent". Only by acting in a pleasing manner, one becomes dear to the king and an enjoyer of pleasures.)
One should not be arrogant saying "I am brave" or again "I am intelligent". Only by pleasing conduct does one become dear to the king and thereby live a life of enjoyment. (04-4-25)
ऐश्वर्यं प्राप्य दुष्प्रापं प्रियं प्राप्य च राजतः। अप्रमत्तो भवेद्राज्ञः प्रियेषु च हितेषु च ॥०४-४-२६॥
aiśvaryaṃ prāpya duṣprāpam priyaṃ prāpya ca rājataḥ| apramatto bhaved rājñaḥ priyeṣu ca hiteṣu ca ॥04-4-26॥
[ऐश्वर्यं (aiśvaryam) - sovereignty; wealth; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; दुष्प्रापं (duṣprāpam) - difficult to attain; प्रियं (priyam) - dear; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; च (ca) - and; राजतः (rājataḥ) - from (being) a king; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not careless; vigilant; भवेत् (bhavet) - he should be; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - for a king; प्रियेषु (priyeṣu) - among those dear; च (ca) - and; हितेषु (hiteṣu) - among those beneficial; च (ca) - and;]
(Having obtained sovereignty, (which is) difficult to attain, and also having obtained the dear (things) from kingship, one should be vigilant — a king — among those dear and among those beneficial (subjects or matters) and (so too).)
After attaining sovereignty, which is difficult to obtain, and what is dear through kingship, a king should remain vigilant, both toward those who are dear and those who are beneficial. (04-4-26)
यस्य कोपो महाबाधः प्रसादश्च महाफलः। कस्तस्य मनसापीच्छेदनर्थं प्राज्ञसंमतः ॥०४-४-२७॥
yasya kopo mahābādhaḥ prasādaś ca mahāphalaḥ। kas tasya manasāpīcched anarthaṃ prājña-saṃmataḥ ॥04-4-27॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; कोपः (kopaḥ) - anger; महाबाधः (mahābādhaḥ) - great affliction; प्रसादः (prasādaḥ) - favor; च (ca) - and; महाफलः (mahāphalaḥ) - great fruit; कः (kaḥ) - who; तस्य (tasya) - of him; मनसा (manasā) - with mind; अपि (api) - even; ईच्छेत् (īcchet) - would desire; अनर्थम् (anartham) - misfortune; प्राज्ञ (prājña) - wise; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - approved;]
(Of whom anger (is) great affliction, favor and great fruit; who, of him, even with (the) mind would desire misfortune, (one) wise (and) approved?)
Whose anger is a great affliction and whose favor yields great rewards—who, even in thought, would desire misfortune for such a person, being esteemed by the wise? (04-4-27)
न चोष्ठौ निर्भुजेज्जातु न च वाक्यं समाक्षिपेत्। सदा क्षुतं च वातं च ष्ठीवनं चाचरेच्छनैः ॥०४-४-२८॥
na coṣṭhau nirbhujejjātu na ca vākyaṃ samākṣipet। sadā kṣutaṃ ca vātaṃ ca ṣṭhīvanaṃ cācarecchanaiḥ ॥04-4-28॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; ओष्ठौ (oṣṭhau) - the lips; निर्भुजेत् (nirbhujet) - should move or twist; जातु (jātu) - ever; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - a sentence; समाक्षिपेत् (samākṣipet) - should contract or abbreviate; सदा (sadā) - always; क्षुतं (kṣutaṃ) - sneezing; च (ca) - and; वातं (vātaṃ) - wind (flatulence); च (ca) - and; ष्ठीवनं (ṣṭhīvanaṃ) - spitting; च (ca) - and; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should do; शनैः (śanaiḥ) - quietly;]
(Not should move the lips ever, and not should abbreviate a sentence. Always sneezing, and wind, and spitting, and should do quietly.)
He should never twist his lips, nor abbreviate a sentence; always, sneezing, passing wind, and spitting—these he should do quietly. (04-4-28)
हास्यवस्तुषु चाप्यस्य वर्तमानेषु केषुचित्। नातिगाढं प्रहृष्येत न चाप्युन्मत्तवद्धसेत् ॥०४-४-२९॥
hāsyavastuṣu cāpy asya vartamāneṣu keṣucit। nātigāḍhaṃ prahṛṣyet na cāpy un-mattavat haset ॥04-4-29॥
[हास्यवस्तुषु (hāsyavastuṣu) - in humorous objects; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अस्य (asya) - for him; वर्तमानेषु (vartamāneṣu) - when present; केषुचित् (keṣucit) - in some; न (na) - not; अतिगाढं (atigāḍham) - excessively intently; प्रहृष्येत् (prahṛṣyet) - should rejoice; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; उन्मत्तवत् (unmattavat) - like a madman; हसेत् (haset) - should laugh;]
(In humorous objects and also when some of these are present for him, he should not rejoice excessively intently, nor also should he laugh like a madman.)
Even when some humorous things are present, one should not be overly delighted, nor should one laugh like a madman. (04-4-29)
न चातिधैर्येण चरेद्गुरुतां हि व्रजेत्तथा। स्मितं तु मृदुपूर्वेण दर्शयेत प्रसादजम् ॥०४-४-३०॥
na cātidhairyeṇa cared gurutāṃ hi vrajet tathā। smitaṃ tu mṛdupūrveṇa darśayet prasādajam॥04-4-30॥
[न (na) - not; चातिधैर्येण (cātidhairyeṇa) - with excessive composure; चरेत् (caret) - should act; गुरुतां (gurutām) - heaviness; dignity; हि (hi) - indeed; व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should attain; तथा (tathā) - thus; स्मितं (smitaṃ) - smile; तु (tu) - but; मृदुपूर्वेण (mṛdupūrveṇa) - with gentleness preceding; दर्शयेत् (darśayet) - should show; प्रसादजम् (prasādajam) - arising from gladness;]
(Not with excessive composure should one act, for dignity indeed thus should be attained. A smile but with gentleness preceding should be shown, arising from gladness.)
One should not act with excessive reserve, since true dignity is thus achieved. But a smile, arising from gladness, should be shown with a gentle manner. (04-4-30)
लाभे न हर्षयेद्यस्तु न व्यथेद्योऽवमानितः। असंमूढश्च यो नित्यं स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-३१॥
lābhe na harṣayed yastu na vyathed yo'vamānitaḥ. asaṃmūḍhaś ca yo nityaṃ sa rājava-satiṃ vaset ॥04-4-31॥
[लाभे (lābhe) - upon gain; न (na) - not; हर्षयेत् (harṣayet) - should rejoice; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - indeed; न (na) - not; व्यथेत् (vyathet) - should be distressed; यः (yaḥ) - who; अवमानितः (avamānitaḥ) - when insulted; असंमूढः (asaṃmūḍhaḥ) - not deluded; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; सः (saḥ) - he; राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell;]
(He who, upon gain, should not rejoice, indeed who, when insulted, should not be distressed, and who always is not deluded, he should dwell in the royal residence.)
He who does not rejoice in gain, is not distressed by insult, and who is always unconfused, is fit to dwell in the king's palace. (04-4-31)
राजानं राजपुत्रं वा संवर्तयति यः सदा। अमात्यः पण्डितो भूत्वा स चिरं तिष्ठति श्रियम् ॥०४-४-३२॥
rājānaṃ rājaputraṃ vā saṃvartayati yaḥ sadā। amātyaḥ paṇḍito bhūtvā sa ciraṃ tiṣṭhati śriyam ॥04-4-32॥
[राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (accusative case); राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - the prince (accusative case); वा (vā) - or; संवर्तयति (saṃvartayati) - supports; upholds; यः (yaḥ) - who; (nominative singular masculine relative pronoun); सदा (sadā) - always; अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; learned; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; सः (saḥ) - he; चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time; तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains; stands; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; (accusative singular);]
(The king, the prince or, supports who always; the minister, wise having become, he for a long time remains prosperity.)
Whoever, as a wise minister, always supports the king or the prince, he remains in prosperity for a long time. (04-4-32)
प्रगृहीतश्च योऽमात्यो निगृहीतश्च कारणैः। न निर्बध्नाति राजानं लभते प्रग्रहं पुनः ॥०४-४-३३॥
pragṛhītaś ca yo'mātyo nigṛhītaś ca kāraṇaiḥ। na nirbadhnāti rājānaṁ labhate pragraham punaḥ॥04-4-33॥
[प्रगृहीतः (pragṛhītaḥ) - restrained; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister; निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - controlled; च (ca) - and; कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by reasons; न (na) - not; निर्बध्नाति (nirbadhnāti) - binds; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; लभते (labhate) - obtains; प्रग्रहम् (pragraham) - favor; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(Restrained and who minister, controlled and by reasons, does not bind the king, obtains favor again.)
A minister who is restrained and controlled by proper reasons does not constrain the king and again obtains favor. (04-4-33)
प्रत्यक्षं च परोक्षं च गुणवादी विचक्षणः। उपजीवी भवेद्राज्ञो विषये चापि यो वसेत् ॥०४-४-३४॥
pratyakṣaṃ ca parokṣaṃ ca guṇavādī vicakṣaṇaḥ। upajīvī bhaved rājño viṣaye cāpi yo vaset॥04-4-34॥
[प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly perceived; च (ca) - and; परोक्षम् (parokṣam) - indirect; च (ca) - and; गुणवादी (guṇavādī) - one who speaks virtues; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - discerning; उपजीवी (upajīvī) - dependent; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; विषये (viṣaye) - in the domain; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; यः (yaḥ) - who; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell;]
(Directly perceived and indirect, one who speaks virtues, discerning; a dependent should be of the king, in the domain and also who should dwell.)
One who is discerning and speaks of virtues, understanding both what is directly and indirectly perceived, should be a dependent of the king and should reside within the king’s domain. (04-4-34)
अमात्यो हि बलाद्भोक्तुं राजानं प्रार्थयेत्तु यः। न स तिष्ठेच्चिरं स्थानं गच्छेच्च प्राणसंशयम् ॥०४-४-३५॥
amātyo hi balādbhōktum rājānaṁ prārthayettu yaḥ। na sa tiṣṭhecciraṁ sthānaṁ gacchecca prāṇasaṁśayam॥04-4-35॥
[अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - minister; हि (hi) - indeed; बलात् (balāt) - by force; भोक्तुं (bhōktum) - to enjoy; राजानम् (rājānam) - the king; प्रार्थयेत् (prārthayet) - should request; तु (tu) - but; यः (yaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; स (sa) - he; तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - should remain; चिरम् (ciram) - long; स्थानम् (sthānam) - position; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - would go; च (ca) - and; प्राणसंशयम् (prāṇasaṁśayam) - danger to life;]
(The minister indeed who would ask the king by force to enjoy, he should not remain long in his position and would go to danger to life.)
A minister who, indeed, seeks to forcefully obtain enjoyment from the king will not long hold his position and will face danger to his life. (04-4-35)
श्रेयः सदात्मनो दृष्ट्वा परं राज्ञा न संवदेत्। विशेषयेन्न राजानं योग्याभूमिषु सर्वदा ॥०४-४-३६॥
śreyaḥ sad-ātmano dṛṣṭvā paraṃ rājñā na saṃvadet। viśeṣayen na rājānaṃ yogyābhūmiṣu sarvadā ॥04-4-36॥
[श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - superiority; welfare; सदात्मनः (sad-ātmanaḥ) - of one with a good nature; of a virtuous self; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; upon perceiving; परं (param) - the other; higher; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; न (na) - not; संपदेत् (saṃvadet) - should converse; should discuss; विशेषयेत् (viśeṣayet) - should distinguish; should discriminate; न (na) - not; राजानम् (rājānam) - the king; योग्याभूमिषु (yogyābhūmiṣu) - in suitable places; on appropriate occasions; सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always;]
(Having seen the superiority of a virtuous self, one should not converse by the king with another; one should not always distinguish the king in suitable places.)
When a person recognizes the excellence of a virtuous nature, he should not engage in discussion about others with the king; nor should he always single out the king in appropriate situations. (04-4-36)
अम्लानो बलवाञ्शूरश्छायेवानपगः सदा। सत्यवादी मृदुर्दान्तः स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-३७॥
amlāno balavāñ śūraś chāyevānapagaḥ sadā. satyavādī mṛdur dāntaḥ sa rājavasatiṃ vaset ॥04-4-37॥
[अम्लानः (amlānaḥ) - unwithered; बलवान् (balavān) - strong; शूरः (śūraḥ) - heroic; छायेव (chāyeva) - like shadow; अनपगः (anapagaḥ) - undeparting; सदा (sadā) - always; सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-teller; मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; सः (saḥ) - he; राजवसतिं (rājavasatiṃ) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should dwell;]
(Unwithered, strong, heroic, like (a) shadow undeparting always, a truth-teller, gentle, self-restrained, he should dwell in the royal residence.)
He who is unwithered, strong, heroic, constantly unwavering like a shadow, truthful, gentle, and self-restrained should reside in the royal palace. (04-4-37)
अन्यस्मिन्प्रेष्यमाणे तु पुरस्ताद्यः समुत्पतेत्। अहं किं करवाणीति स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-३८॥
anyasmin preṣyamāṇe tu purastād yaḥ samutpatet। ahaṁ kiṁ karavāṇi iti sa rājavasatiṁ vaset ॥04-4-38॥
[अन्यस्मिन् (anyasmin) - in another; प्रेष्यमाणे (preṣyamāṇe) - being sent; तु (tu) - but; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - before; यः (yaḥ) - who; समुत्पतेत् (samutpatet) - might jump up; अहं (ahaṁ) - I; किं (kiṁ) - what; करवाणी (karavāṇi) - shall do; इति (iti) - thus; स (sa) - he; राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - the king's residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should reside;]
(But when another is being sent, he who before might jump up saying, 'What shall I do?'—he should reside in the king's residence.)
But when another is being sent, whoever rushes forward first saying, 'What shall I do?'—he should stay in the king's palace. (04-4-38)
उष्णे वा यदि वा शीते रात्रौ वा यदि वा दिवा। आदिष्टो न विकल्पेत स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-३९॥
uṣṇe vā yadi vā śīte rātrau vā yadi vā divā। ādiṣṭaḥ na vikalpet sa rājavasatiṃ vaset॥04-4-39॥
[उष्णे (uṣṇe) - in heat; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; शीते (śīte) - in cold; रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; दिवा (divā) - by day; आदिष्टः (ādiṣṭaḥ) - having been commanded; न (na) - not; विकल्पेत (vikalpet) - should hesitate; स (sa) - he; राजवसतिं (rājavasatiṃ) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should stay;]
(In heat or if or in cold, at night or if or by day, having been commanded, he should not hesitate; he should stay in the royal residence.)
Whether it is hot or cold, at night or by day—if commanded, he should not hesitate; he should stay in the royal residence. (04-4-39)
यो वै गृहेभ्यः प्रवसन् प्रियाणां नानुसंस्मरेत्। दुःखेन सुखमन्विच्छेत्स राजवसतिं वसेत् ॥०४-४-४०॥
yo vai gṛhebhyaḥ pravasan priyāṇāṃ nānusaṃsmaret। duḥkhena sukham anvicchetsa rājavasatiṃ vaset॥04-4-40॥
[यो (yaḥ) - who; वै (vai) - indeed; गृहेभ्यः (gṛhebhyaḥ) - from homes; प्रवसन् (pravasan) - dwelling abroad; प्रियाणां (priyāṇām) - of dear ones; न (na) - not; अनुसंस्मरेत् (anusaṃsmaret) - should remember; दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by suffering; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; अन्विच्छेत् (anvicchet) - should seek; सः (saḥ) - he; राजवसतिम् (rājavasatim) - royal residence; वसेत् (vaset) - should live;]
(Who indeed, from homes departing, dwelling abroad, of dear ones not should remember; by suffering happiness should seek; he should dwell in a royal residence.)
Whoever departs from his home and lives abroad should not remember loved ones; he should seek happiness through hardship and reside in the royal household. (04-4-40)
समवेषं न कुर्वीत नात्युच्चैः संनिधौ हसेत्। मन्त्रं न बहुधा कुर्यादेवं राज्ञः प्रियो भवेत् ॥०४-४-४१॥
samaveṣaṃ na kurvīta nātyuccaiḥ sannidhau haset। mantraṃ na bahudhā kuryādevaṃ rājñaḥ priyo bhavet ॥04-4-41॥
[समवेषं (samaveṣam) - intimacy; (close) familiarity; न (na) - not; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should do; (optative of √kṛ); नात्युच्चैः (nātyuccaiḥ) - not too loudly; सन्निधौ (sannidhau) - in the presence; (locative); हसेत् (haset) - should laugh; (optative of √has); मन्त्रं (mantram) - counsel; (advice, plan); न (na) - not; बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways; repeatedly; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; (optative of √kṛ); एवम् (evam) - thus; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear; beloved; भवेत् (bhavet) - would become; (optative of √bhū);]
(One should not do intimacy; should not laugh too loudly in the presence; one should not do counsel repeatedly; thus, would become dear to the king.)
One should not display intimacy, nor laugh too loudly in the presence (of the king); one should not offer advice repeatedly; in this way, one would become dear to the king. (04-4-41)
न कर्मणि नियुक्तः सन्धनं किञ्चिदुपस्पृशेत्। प्राप्नोति हि हरन्द्रव्यं बन्धनं यदि वा वधम् ॥०४-४-४२॥
na karmaṇi niyuktaḥ sandhanaṃ kiñcid upaspṛśet। prāpnoti hi harandravyam bandhanaṃ yadi vā vadham ॥04-4-42॥
[न (na) - not; कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - in work; नियुक्तः (niyuktaḥ) - employed; सन्धनं (sandhanam) - tying (of animals/weapons); किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; उपस्पृशेत् (upaspṛśet) - should touch; प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains; हि (hi) - certainly; हरन्द्रव्यं (harandravyam) - stolen article; बन्धनं (bandhanam) - imprisonment; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; वधम् (vadham) - execution (death);]
(Not in assigned work, (one) should touch any tying; (he) certainly obtains stolen article, imprisonment, if or execution (death).)
Unless employed in work, one should not touch anything tied up; for (one) certainly obtains the charge of stolen goods, imprisonment, or even execution. (04-4-42)
यानं वस्त्रमलङ्कारं यच्चान्यत्सम्प्रयच्छति। तदेव धारयेन्नित्यमेवं प्रियतरो भवेत् ॥०४-४-४३॥
yānaṃ vastram-alaṅkāraṃ yac ca anyat samprayacchati। tad eva dhārayet nityam evaṃ priyataro bhavet॥04-4-43॥
[यानम् (yānam) - vehicle; वस्त्रम् (vastram) - cloth; अलङ्कारम् (alaṅkāram) - ornament; यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; सम्प्रयच्छति (samprayacchati) - gives; तत् (tat) - that; एव (eva) - indeed; धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should wear; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; प्रियतरः (priyataraḥ) - dearer; भवेत् (bhavet) - he becomes;]
(Vehicle, cloth, ornament, and whatever else one gives—that indeed should be worn always; thus, one becomes dearer.)
He should always wear the vehicle, cloth, ornaments, and whatever else is given; in this way, he becomes dearer. (04-4-43)
संवत्सरमिमं तात तथाशीला बुभूषवः। अथ स्वविषयं प्राप्य यथाकामं चरिष्यथ ॥०४-४-४४॥
saṁvatsaram imaṁ tāta tathāśīlā bubhūṣavaḥ। atha svaviṣayaṁ prāpya yathākāmaṁ cariṣyatha ॥04-4-44॥
[संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - year; इमम् (imaṁ) - this; तात (tāta) - dear one; तथा (tathā) - thus; शीला (śīlā) - of such conduct; बुभूषवः (bubhūṣavaḥ) - desiring to enjoy; अथ (atha) - then; स्वविषयम् (svaviṣayam) - your own territory; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained; यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as you wish; चरिष्यथ (cariṣyatha) - you will move;]
(This year, O dear one, being thus in conduct, desiring to enjoy; then, having attained your own territory, as you wish, you will move.)
O dear one, remain here for this year in this way, desiring to enjoy; then, after reaching your own territories, you will move about as you wish. (04-4-44)
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
अनुशिष्टाः स्म भद्रं ते नैतद्वक्तास्ति कश्चन। कुन्तीमृते मातरं नो विदुरं च महामतिम् ॥०४-४-४५॥
anuśiṣṭāḥ sma bhadraṃ te naitad-vaktāsti kaścana। kuntī-mṛte mātaraṃ no viduraṃ ca mahā-matim ॥04-4-45॥
[अनुशिष्टाः (anuśiṣṭāḥ) - instructed; स्म (sma) - indeed; भद्रं (bhadraṃ) - good; ते (te) - to you; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker; अस्ति (asti) - there is; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone; कुन्तीमृते (kuntī-mṛte) - except Kuntī; मातरं (mātaram) - mother; नः (naḥ) - our; विदुरं (viduram) - Vidura; च (ca) - and; महामतिम् (mahā-matim) - greatly wise;]
(Instructed indeed, good to you, not this speaker is anyone, except Kuntī, our mother, and Vidura, the greatly wise.)
You have already been instructed—good for you!—there is not anyone else who could speak thus to us, except for our mother Kuntī and the greatly wise Vidura. (04-4-45)
यदेवानन्तरं कार्यं तद्भवान्कर्तुमर्हति। तारणायास्य दुःखस्य प्रस्थानाय जयाय च ॥०४-४-४६॥
yad evānantaraṃ kāryaṃ tad bhavān kartum arhati। tāraṇāyāsya duḥkhasya prasthānāya jayāya ca ॥04-4-46॥
[यत् (yat) - which; एव (eva) - indeed; अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - next; subsequent; कार्यं (kāryam) - task; to be done; तत् (tat) - that; भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful); कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; अर्हति (arhati) - deserve; ought; तारणाय (tāraṇāya) - for the deliverance; अस्य (asya) - of this; दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering; प्रस्थानाय (prasthānāya) - for the departure; जयाय (jayāya) - for victory; च (ca) - and;]
(Which indeed next task that you ought to do, for the deliverance of this suffering, for the departure, and for victory.)
You ought to perform whatever is indeed the next task, for the purpose of deliverance from this suffering, for departure, and for victory. (04-4-46)
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
एवमुक्तस्ततो राज्ञा धौम्योऽथ द्विजसत्तमः। अकरोद्विधिवत्सर्वं प्रस्थाने यद्विधीयते ॥०४-४-४७॥
evam-uktas tato rājñā dhaumyo'tha dvija-sattamaḥ। akarod vidhivat sarvaṃ prasthāne yad vidhīyate॥04-4-47॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed; ततः (tataḥ) - then; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; धौम्यः (dhaumyaḥ) - Dhaumya; अथ (atha) - then; द्विजसत्तमः (dvija-sattamaḥ) - the best among the twice-born; अकरोत् (akarot) - performed; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - in accordance with the rule; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; प्रस्थाने (prasthāne) - at the departure; यत् (yat) - that which; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed;]
(Thus, having been addressed then by the king, Dhaumya, then, the best of the twice-born, performed in accordance with the rule all at the departure that which is prescribed.)
Thus, when addressed by the king, Dhaumya, the best of the twice-born, performed all that is prescribed for a departure, in full accordance with the rules. (04-4-47)
तेषां समिध्य तानग्नीन्मन्त्रवच्च जुहाव सः। समृद्धिवृद्धिलाभाय पृथिवीविजयाय च ॥०४-४-४८॥
teṣāṁ samidhya tān agnīn mantravat ca juhāva saḥ। samṛddhi-vṛddhi-lābhāya pṛthivī-vijayāya ca ॥04-4-48॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; समिध्य (samidhya) - having kindled; तान् (tān) - those; अग्नीन् (agnīn) - fires; मन्त्रवत् (mantravat) - with mantras; च (ca) - and; जुहाव (juhāva) - he offered (oblations); सः (saḥ) - he; समृद्धिवृद्धिलाभाय (samṛddhi-vṛddhi-lābhāya) - for attainment of prosperity and increase; पृथिवीविजयाय (pṛthivī-vijayāya) - for the conquest of the earth; च (ca) - and;]
(Of them, having kindled those fires, with mantras and (he) offered oblations; for attainment of prosperity and increase, for the conquest of the earth and.)
He kindled their fires, and offered oblations with mantras for prosperity, growth, and the conquest of the earth. (04-4-48)
अग्निं प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा ब्राह्मणांश्च तपोधनान्। याज्ञसेनीं पुरस्कृत्य षडेवाथ प्रवव्रजुः ॥०४-४-४९॥
agniṃ pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā brāhmaṇāṃś ca tapodhanān। yājñasenīṃ puraskṛtya ṣaḍ evātha pravavrajuḥ ॥04-4-49॥
[अग्निं (agniṃ) - fire; प्रदक्षिणं (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation to the right; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; तपोधनान् (tapodhanān) - those whose wealth is austerity; याज्ञसेनीं (yājñasenīm) - Yājñasenī (Draupadī); पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - placing in front; षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; एव (eva) - indeed; अथ (atha) - then; प्रवव्रजुः (pravavrajuḥ) - departed;]
(Having performed circumambulation to the right of fire and the Brāhmaṇas whose wealth is austerity, placing Yājñasenī in front, the six indeed then departed.)
After circling the fire and the Brāhmaṇas, who are endowed with austerity, to the right, and with Yājñasenī at the forefront, the six of them then departed. (04-4-49)
