04.045
अश्वत्थामोवाच॥
Aśvatthāman said.
न च तावज्जिता गावो न च सीमान्तरं गताः। न हास्तिनपुरं प्राप्तास्त्वं च कर्ण विकत्थसे
॥०४-४५-१॥
The cows have not yet been won, nor have they crossed the boundary, nor have they reached
Hastinapura; yet, Karna, you boast. (04-45-1)
सङ्ग्रामान्सुबहूञ्जित्वा लब्ध्वा च विपुलं धनम्। विजित्य च परां भूमिं नाहुः किञ्चन पौरुषम्
॥०४-४५-२॥
After conquering many battles, obtaining great wealth, and overcoming other lands, they
did not call this any manliness at all. (04-45-2)
पचत्यग्निरवाक्यस्तु तूष्णीं भाति दिवाकरः। तूष्णीं धारयते लोकान्वसुधा सचराचरान् ॥०४-४५-३॥
Agni cooks without proclaiming; the Sun silently gives light; and the earth silently
supports all the worlds with their moving and unmoving beings. (04-45-3)
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य कर्माणि विहितानि मनीषिभिः। धनं यैरधिगन्तव्यं यच्च कुर्वन्न दुष्यति
॥०४-४५-४॥
The duties of the four classes, prescribed by the wise, are those by which wealth may be
acquired and, when performed, do not lead to corruption. (04-45-4)
अधीत्य ब्राह्मणो वेदान्याजयेत यजेत च। क्षत्रियो धनुराश्रित्य यजेतैव न याजयेत् ॥
वैश्योऽधिगम्य द्रव्याणि ब्रह्मकर्माणि कारयेत् ॥०४-४५-५॥
Having studied the Vedas, a Brahmin should both perform sacrifices himself and cause them
to be performed. A Kshatriya, relying on his bow, should perform sacrifices himself only,
and not cause them to be performed. A Vaishya, having acquired wealth, should have
Brahmin-rites performed. (04-45-5)
वर्तमाना यथाशास्त्रं प्राप्य चापि महीमिमाम्। सत्कुर्वन्ति महाभागा गुरून्सुविगुणानपि
॥०४-४५-६॥
The greatly fortunate, having attained this earth in accordance with the scriptures, also
honor teachers who are endowed with excellent qualities. (04-45-6)
प्राप्य द्यूतेन को राज्यं क्षत्रियस्तोष्टुमर्हति। तथा नृशंसरूपेण यथान्यः प्राकृतो जनः
॥०४-४५-७॥
Which kṣatriya is worthy of being satisfied at acquiring a kingdom through gambling? In
the same way, with a cruel disposition, just like any ordinary person. (04-45-7)
तथावाप्तेषु वित्तेषु को विकत्थेद्विचक्षणः। निकृत्या वञ्चनायोगैश्चरन्वैतंसिको यथा ॥०४-४५-८॥
Who among the wise would boast of wealth thus acquired, like a juggler who moves by means
of deceit and tricks? (04-45-8)
कतमद्द्वैरथं युद्धं यत्राजैषीर्धनञ्जयम्। नकुलं सहदेवं च धनं येषां त्वया हृतम् ॥०४-४५-९॥
In which chariot-battle did you defeat Dhanañjaya, as well as Nakula and Sahadeva, and
seize their wealth by your own hands? (04-45-9)
युधिष्ठिरो जितः कस्मिन्भीमश्च बलिनां वरः। इन्द्रप्रस्थं त्वया कस्मिन्सङ्ग्रामे निर्जितं
पुरा ॥०४-४५-१०॥
In which was Yudhiṣṭhira conquered, and Bhīma the foremost of the strong? In which battle,
formerly, was Indraprastha conquered by you? (04-45-10)
तथैव कतमं युद्धं यस्मिन्कृष्णा जिता त्वया। एकवस्त्रा सभां नीता दुष्टकर्मन्रजस्वला
॥०४-४५-११॥
In the same way, which battle was it where you won Kṛṣṇā? She, menstruating and wearing
only a single garment, was brought to the assembly by you, a wicked act. (04-45-11)
मूलमेषां महत्कृत्तं सारार्थी चन्दनं यथा। कर्म कारयिथाः शूर तत्र किं विदुरोऽब्रवीत्
॥०४-४५-१२॥
Just as one seeking the essence cuts deeply into the roots of sandalwood, so did you
accomplish this act, O brave one, there. What did Vidura say? (04-45-12)
यथाशक्ति मनुष्याणां शममालक्षयामहे। अन्येषां चैव सत्त्वानामपि कीटपिपीलिके ॥०४-४५-१३॥
We observe the peace of men according to their capacities, and likewise the peace of other
living beings, even of insects and ants. (04-45-13)
द्रौपद्यास्तं परिक्लेशं न क्षन्तुं पाण्डवोऽर्हति। दुःखाय धार्तराष्ट्राणां प्रादुर्भूतो
धनञ्जयः ॥०४-४५-१४॥
The Pāṇḍava should not forgive that affliction of Draupadī. Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) has arisen
for the suffering of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (04-45-14)
त्वं पुनः पण्डितो भूत्वा वाचं वक्तुमिहेच्छसि। वैरान्तकरणो जिष्णुर्न नः शेषं करिष्यति
॥०४-४५-१५॥
You, having again made yourself out to be wise, wish to speak words here. The victorious
one who puts an end to enmity will not leave anything remaining for us. (04-45-15)
नैष देवान्न गन्धर्वान्नासुरान्न च राक्षसान्। भयादिह न युध्येत कुन्तीपुत्रो धनञ्जयः
॥०४-४५-१६॥
Neither gods, nor gandharvas, nor asuras, nor rākṣasas—none of these would cause
Dhanañjaya, the son of Kuntī, to refrain from battle here due to fear. (04-45-16)
यं यमेषोऽभिसङ्क्रुद्धः सङ्ग्रामेऽभिपतिष्यति। वृक्षं गरुडवेगेन विनिहत्य तमेष्यति ॥०४-४५-१७॥
Whoever Yama's lord, in his great anger, will rush upon in battle, having struck down a
tree with the swiftness of Garuda, to him will he go. (04-45-17)
त्वत्तो विशिष्टं वीर्येण धनुष्यमरराट्समम्। वासुदेवसमं युद्धे तं पार्थं को न पूजयेत्
॥०४-४५-१८॥
Who would not honor that Pārtha who is distinguished in prowess beyond you, equal to the
king of the gods in archery, and equal to Vāsudeva in battle? (04-45-18)
दैवं दैवेन युध्येत मानुषेण च मानुषम्। अस्त्रेणास्त्रं समाहन्यात्कोऽर्जुनेन समः पुमान्
॥०४-४५-१९॥
One should fight with a divine weapon against a divine weapon and with a human weapon
against a human weapon; a missile should be countered with a missile. Who is a man equal to
Arjuna? (04-45-19)
पुत्रादनन्तरः शिष्य इति धर्मविदो विदुः। एतेनापि निमित्तेन प्रियो द्रोणस्य पाण्डवः
॥०४-४५-२०॥
The knowers of dharma knew that, after a son, a disciple comes next in affection. For this
reason also, the son of Pāṇḍu was dear to Droṇa. (04-45-20)
यथा त्वमकरोर्द्यूतमिन्द्रप्रस्थं यथाहरः। यथानैषीः सभां कृष्णां तथा युध्यस्व पाण्डवम्
॥०४-४५-२१॥
As you played the dice-game at Indraprastha, as you brought and led Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) to
the assembly, in the same way, now fight with the Pāṇḍava. (04-45-21)
अयं ते मातुलः प्राज्ञः क्षत्रधर्मस्य कोविदः। दुर्द्यूतदेवी गान्धारः शकुनिर्युध्यतामिह
॥०४-४५-२२॥
Let this, your wise maternal uncle Shakuni of Gandhara, expert in the warrior's duty and
master of wicked dice, fight here. (04-45-22)
नाक्षान्क्षिपति गाण्डीवं न कृतं द्वापरं न च। ज्वलतो निशितान्बाणांस्तीक्ष्णान्क्षिपति
गाण्डिवम् ॥०४-४५-२३॥
He does not cast dice with the Gāṇḍīva bow, not in the Krita age, nor in the Dvāpara;
blazing keen sharp arrows, he shoots with the Gāṇḍīva bow. (04-45-23)
न हि गाण्डीवनिर्मुक्ता गार्ध्रपत्राः सुतेजनाः। अन्तरेष्ववतिष्ठन्ति गिरीणामपि दारणाः
॥०४-४५-२४॥
The vulture-feathered, well-made arrows released from Gāṇḍīva do not remain even in the
gaps of mountains, for they are piercing. (04-45-24)
अन्तकः शमनो मृत्युस्तथाग्निर्वडवामुखः। कुर्युरेते क्वचिच्छेषं न तु क्रुद्धो धनञ्जयः
॥०४-४५-२५॥
Enders, pacifiers, death, also fire, and the submarine fire might leave something
remaining somewhere, but not an enraged Dhananjaya (Arjuna). (04-45-25)
युध्यतां काममाचार्यो नाहं योत्स्ये धनञ्जयम्। मत्स्यो ह्यस्माभिरायोध्यो यद्यागच्छेद्गवां
पदम् ॥०४-४५-२६॥
Let (them) fight as they wish; as for the teacher, I will not fight with Arjuna. The king
of Matsya is the one we are to fight, if he should come to the path of the cows. (04-45-26)
