05.020
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
स तु कौरव्यमासाद्य द्रुपदस्य पुरोहितः। सत्कृतो धृतराष्ट्रेण भीष्मेण विदुरेण च ॥५-२०-१॥
sa tu kauravyamāsādya drupadasya purohitaḥ। satkṛto dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa bhīṣmeṇa vidureṇa ca ॥5-20-1॥
[स (sa) - he; तु (tu) - but; कौरव्यम् (kauravyam) - Kaurava; आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached; द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada; पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - priest; सत्कृतः (satkṛtaḥ) - honored; धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhritarashtra; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma; विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura; च (ca) - and;]
(He, having reached the Kauravas, the priest of Drupada, was honored by Dhritarashtra, Bhishma, and Vidura.)
He, the priest of Drupada, upon reaching the Kauravas, was honored by Dhritarashtra, Bhishma, and Vidura.
सर्वं कौशल्यमुक्त्वादौ पृष्ट्वा चैवमनामयम्। सर्वसेनाप्रणेतॄणां मध्ये वाक्यमुवाच ह ॥५-२०-२॥
sarvaṁ kauśalyamuktvādau pṛṣṭvā caivamanāmayam। sarvasenāpraṇetṝṇāṁ madhye vākyamuvāca ha ॥5-20-2॥
[सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; कौशल्यम् (kauśalyam) - skill; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning; पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having asked; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अनामयम् (anāmayam) - well-being; सर्वसेनाप्रणेतॄणाम् (sarvasenāpraṇetṝṇām) - of all the army leaders; मध्ये (madhye) - among; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(Having spoken all skills in the beginning and having asked about the well-being, he indeed spoke words among all the army leaders.)
He began by speaking of all skills and inquiring about the well-being, and then he addressed the words among all the army leaders.
सर्वैर्भवद्भिर्विदितो राजधर्मः सनातनः। वाक्योपादानहेतोस्तु वक्ष्यामि विदिते सति ॥५-२०-३॥
sarvairbhavadbhirvidito rājadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ। vākyopādānahetostu vakṣyāmi vidite sati ॥5-20-3॥
[सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all; भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by you; विदितः (viditaḥ) - known; राजधर्मः (rājadharmaḥ) - royal duty; सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal; वाक्योपादानहेतोः (vākyopādānahetoḥ) - for the reason of quoting; तु (tu) - but; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak; विदिते (vidite) - known; सति (sati) - being;]
(The eternal royal duty is known by all of you; but I will speak for the reason of quoting, being known.)
The eternal royal duty is known to all of you; however, I will speak for the purpose of quoting, as it is already known.
धृतराष्ट्रश्च पाण्डुश्च सुतावेकस्य विश्रुतौ। तयोः समानं द्रविणं पैतृकं नात्र संशयः ॥५-२०-४॥
dhṛtarāṣṭraśca pāṇḍuśca sutāvekasy viśrutau। tayoḥ samānaṃ draviṇaṃ paitṛkaṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ ॥5-20-4॥
[धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra; च (ca) - and; पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - Pandu; च (ca) - and; सुतौ (sutau) - sons; एकस्य (ekasya) - of one; विश्रुतौ (viśrutau) - famous; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them; समानम् (samānam) - equal; द्रविणम् (draviṇam) - wealth; पैतृकम् (paitṛkam) - ancestral; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(Dhritarashtra and Pandu, the sons of one, are famous. Of them, the ancestral wealth is equal; there is no doubt here.)
Dhritarashtra and Pandu, both sons of the same lineage, are renowned. There is no doubt that their ancestral wealth is equal.
धृतराष्ट्रस्य ये पुत्रास्ते प्राप्ताः पैतृकं वसु। पाण्डुपुत्राः कथं नाम न प्राप्ताः पैतृकं वसु ॥५-२०-५॥
dhṛtarāṣṭrasya ye putrāste prāptāḥ paitṛkaṃ vasu। pāṇḍuputrāḥ kathaṃ nāma na prāptāḥ paitṛkaṃ vasu ॥5-20-5॥
[धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra; ये (ye) - who; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; ते (te) - they; प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained; पैतृकं (paitṛkaṃ) - ancestral; वसु (vasu) - wealth; पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - Pandavas; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; नाम (nāma) - indeed; न (na) - not; प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - obtained; पैतृकं (paitṛkaṃ) - ancestral; वसु (vasu) - wealth;]
(The sons of Dhritarashtra have obtained the ancestral wealth. How indeed have the Pandavas not obtained the ancestral wealth?)
The sons of Dhritarashtra have received their ancestral wealth. How is it that the Pandavas have not received their ancestral wealth?
एवं गते पाण्डवेयैर्विदितं वः पुरा यथा। न प्राप्तं पैतृकं द्रव्यं धार्तराष्ट्रेण संवृतम् ॥५-२०-६॥
evaṃ gate pāṇḍaveyairviditaṃ vaḥ purā yathā। na prāptaṃ paitṛkaṃ dravyaṃ dhārtarāṣṭreṇa saṃvṛtam ॥5-20-6॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; गते (gate) - having gone; पाण्डवेयैः (pāṇḍaveyaiḥ) - by the sons of Pandu; विदितं (viditaṃ) - known; वः (vaḥ) - to you; पुरा (purā) - before; यथा (yathā) - as; न (na) - not; प्राप्तं (prāptaṃ) - obtained; पैतृकं (paitṛkaṃ) - ancestral; द्रव्यं (dravyaṃ) - wealth; धार्तराष्ट्रेण (dhārtarāṣṭreṇa) - by the son of Dhritarashtra; संवृतम् (saṃvṛtam) - covered;]
(Thus, as known to you by the sons of Pandu before, the ancestral wealth was not obtained, being covered by the son of Dhritarashtra.)
Thus, as you knew from before by the sons of Pandu, the ancestral wealth was not obtained because it was withheld by the son of Dhritarashtra.
प्राणान्तिकैरप्युपायैः प्रयतद्भिरनेकशः। शेषवन्तो न शकिता नयितुं यमसादनम् ॥५-२०-७॥
prāṇāntikairapyupāyaiḥ prayatadbhiranekaśaḥ। śeṣavanto na śakitā nayituṃ yamasādanam ॥5-20-7॥
[प्राणान्तिकैः (prāṇāntikaiḥ) - with life-threatening; अपि (api) - even; उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - means; प्रयतद्भिः (prayatadbhiḥ) - by those who strive; अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - in many ways; शेषवन्तः (śeṣavantaḥ) - those who remain; न (na) - not; शकिता (śakitā) - able; नयितुम् (nayitum) - to lead; यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to the abode of Yama;]
(Even with life-threatening means, by those who strive in many ways, those who remain are not able to lead to the abode of Yama.)
Even with numerous life-threatening efforts, those who strive are unable to lead the remaining ones to the abode of Yama.
पुनश्च वर्धितं राज्यं स्वबलेन महात्मभिः। छद्मनापहृतं क्षुद्रैर्धार्तराष्ट्रैः ससौबलैः ॥५-२०-८॥
punaśca vardhitaṃ rājyaṃ svabalena mahātmabhiḥ। chadmanāpahṛtaṃ kṣudrairdhārtarāṣṭraiḥ sasau balaiḥ ॥5-20-8॥
[पुनः (punaḥ) - again; च (ca) - and; वर्धितं (vardhitaṃ) - expanded; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; स्वबलेन (svabalena) - by own strength; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls; छद्मना (chadmanā) - by deceit; अपहृतं (apahṛtaṃ) - taken away; क्षुद्रैः (kṣudraiḥ) - by the mean; धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the sons of Dhritarashtra; ससौबलैः (sasau balaiḥ) - along with Saubala;]
(Again, the kingdom expanded by own strength by great souls was deceitfully taken away by the mean sons of Dhritarashtra along with Saubala.)
Once more, the kingdom that was expanded by the great souls through their own strength was deceitfully seized by the mean sons of Dhritarashtra along with Saubala.
तदप्यनुमतं कर्म तथायुक्तमनेन वै। वासिताश्च महारण्ये वर्षाणीह त्रयोदश ॥५-२०-९॥
tad apy anumatam karma tathā yuktam anena vai। vāsitāś ca mahāraṇye varṣāṇīha trayodaśa ॥5-20-9॥
[तत् (tat) - that; अपि (api) - also; अनुमतं (anumatam) - approved; कर्म (karma) - action; तथा (tathā) - thus; युक्तम् (yuktam) - engaged; अनेन (anena) - by him; वै (vai) - indeed; वासिताः (vāsitāḥ) - dwelt; च (ca) - and; महा-अरण्ये (mahā-araṇye) - in the great forest; वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years; इह (iha) - here; त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen;]
(That action was also approved and thus engaged by him indeed. They dwelt in the great forest here for thirteen years.)
That action was indeed approved by him, and they lived in the great forest here for thirteen years.
सभायां क्लेशितैर्वीरैः सहभार्यैस्तथा भृशम्। अरण्ये विविधाः क्लेशाः सम्प्राप्तास्तैः सुदारुणाः ॥५-२०-१०॥
sabhāyāṃ kleśitairvīraiḥ sahabhāryaistathā bhṛśam। araṇye vividhāḥ kleśāḥ samprāptāstaiḥ sudāruṇāḥ ॥5-20-10॥
[सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly; क्लेशितैः (kleśitaiḥ) - tormented; वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes; सह (saha) - with; भार्यैः (bhāryaiḥ) - wives; तथा (tathā) - also; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest; विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various; क्लेशाः (kleśāḥ) - troubles; सम्प्राप्ताः (samprāptāḥ) - were obtained; तैः (taiḥ) - by them; सुदारुणाः (sudāruṇāḥ) - very terrible;]
(In the assembly, tormented by heroes with their wives greatly; in the forest, various troubles were obtained by them, very terrible.)
In the assembly, the heroes, along with their wives, were greatly tormented; in the forest, they encountered various very terrible troubles.
तथा विराटनगरे योन्यन्तरगतैरिव। प्राप्तः परमसङ्क्लेशो यथा पापैर्महात्मभिः ॥५-२०-११॥
tathā virāṭanagare yonyantaragatairiva। prāptaḥ paramasaṅkleśo yathā pāpairmahātmabhiḥ ॥5-20-11॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; विराटनगरे (virāṭanagare) - in the city of Virata; योन्यन्तरगतैः (yonyantaragataiḥ) - by those who have entered other wombs; इव (iva) - like; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; परमसङ्क्लेशः (paramasaṅkleśaḥ) - great distress; यथा (yathā) - as; पापैः (pāpaiḥ) - by the wicked; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by the great souls;]
(Thus, in the city of Virata, great distress was obtained by those who have entered other wombs, like by the wicked, as by the great souls.)
In the city of Virata, great distress was experienced by those who had taken other forms, similar to the suffering caused by the wicked, as understood by the great souls.
ते सर्वे पृष्ठतः कृत्वा तत्सर्वं पूर्वकिल्बिषम्। सामैव कुरुभिः सार्धमिच्छन्ति कुरुपुङ्गवाः ॥५-२०-१२॥
te sarve pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā tatsarvaṃ pūrvakilbiṣam। sāmaiva kurubhiḥ sārdhamicchanti kurupuṅgavāḥ ॥5-20-12॥
[ते (te) - they; सर्वे (sarve) - all; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; तत् (tat) - that; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; पूर्वकिल्बिषम् (pūrvakilbiṣam) - past sins; साम (sāma) - peace; एव (eva) - only; कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - with the Kauravas; सार्धम् (sārdham) - together; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire; कुरुपुङ्गवाः (kurupuṅgavāḥ) - the best of the Kurus;]
(They all, having done all that past sin behind, desire only peace together with the Kauravas, the best of the Kurus.)
The best of the Kurus, having put all their past sins behind, now seek only peace with the Kauravas.
तेषां च वृत्तमाज्ञाय वृत्तं दुर्योधनस्य च। अनुनेतुमिहार्हन्ति धृतराष्ट्रं सुहृज्जनाः ॥५-२०-१३॥
teṣāṃ ca vṛttamājñāya vṛttaṃ duryodhanasya ca। anunetumihārhanti dhṛtarāṣṭraṃ suhṛjjanāḥ ॥5-20-13॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - their; च (ca) - and; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct; आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct; दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana; च (ca) - and; अनुनेतुम् (anunetum) - to persuade; इह (iha) - here; अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - are able; धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhritarashtra; सुहृज्जनाः (suhṛjjanāḥ) - friends;]
(Having known their conduct and the conduct of Duryodhana, the friends are able to persuade Dhritarashtra here.)
Understanding the behavior of both them and Duryodhana, the friends are here to persuade Dhritarashtra.
न हि ते विग्रहं वीराः कुर्वन्ति कुरुभिः सह। अविनाशेन लोकस्य काङ्क्षन्ते पाण्डवाः स्वकम् ॥५-२०-१४॥
na hi te vigrahaṁ vīrāḥ kurvanti kurubhiḥ saha। avināśena lokasya kāṅkṣante pāṇḍavāḥ svakam ॥5-20-14॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - they; विग्रहं (vigrahaṁ) - conflict; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - do; कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - with the Kauravas; सह (saha) - together; अविनाशेन (avināśena) - with the indestructible; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world; काङ्क्षन्ते (kāṅkṣante) - desire; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas; स्वकम् (svakam) - their own;]
(Indeed, they do not engage in conflict with the Kauravas; the Pandavas desire their own indestructible world.)
The Pandavas do not engage in conflict with the Kauravas because they desire their own indestructible world.
यश्चापि धार्तराष्ट्रस्य हेतुः स्याद्विग्रहं प्रति। स च हेतुर्न मन्तव्यो बलीयांसस्तथा हि ते ॥५-२०-१५॥
yaścāpi dhārtarāṣṭrasya hetuḥ syādvigrahaṃ prati। sa ca heturna mantavyo balīyāṃsastathā hi te ॥5-20-15॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's; हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; विग्रहं (vigrahaṃ) - conflict; प्रति (prati) - towards; सः (saḥ) - he; च (ca) - and; हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause; न (na) - not; मन्तव्यः (mantavyaḥ) - to be considered; बलीयांसः (balīyāṃsaḥ) - stronger; तथा (tathā) - thus; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - they;]
(Who also may be the cause of Dhritarashtra's conflict, he too should not be considered as the stronger, thus indeed they.)
Whoever may be the cause of Dhritarashtra's conflict should not be considered stronger, for indeed they are not.
अक्षौहिण्यो हि सप्तैव धर्मपुत्रस्य सङ्गताः। युयुत्समानाः कुरुभिः प्रतीक्षन्तेऽस्य शासनम् ॥५-२०-१६॥
akṣauhiṇyo hi saptaiva dharmaputrasya saṅgatāḥ। yuyutsamānāḥ kurubhiḥ pratīkṣante'sya śāsanam ॥5-20-16॥
[अक्षौहिण्यः (akṣauhiṇyaḥ) - divisions of army; हि (hi) - indeed; सप्त (sapta) - seven; एव (eva) - only; धर्मपुत्रस्य (dharmaputrasya) - of Dharmaputra; सङ्गताः (saṅgatāḥ) - assembled; युयुत्समानाः (yuyutsamānāḥ) - desiring to fight; कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - with the Kauravas; प्रतीक्षन्ते (pratīkṣante) - awaiting; अस्य (asya) - his; शासनम् (śāsanam) - command;]
(Indeed, seven divisions of army of Dharmaputra have assembled, desiring to fight with the Kauravas, awaiting his command.)
Seven divisions of Dharmaputra's army have gathered, ready to battle the Kauravas, and are awaiting his orders.
अपरे पुरुषव्याघ्राः सहस्राक्षौहिणीसमाः। सात्यकिर्भीमसेनश्च यमौ च सुमहाबलौ ॥५-२०-१७॥
apare puruṣavyāghrāḥ sahasrākṣauhiṇīsamāḥ। sātyakirbhīmasenaśca yamau ca sumahābalau ॥5-20-17॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; पुरुषव्याघ्राः (puruṣavyāghrāḥ) - tiger among men; सहस्राक्षौहिणीसमाः (sahasrākṣauhiṇīsamāḥ) - equal to a thousand divisions; सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Satyaki; भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena; च (ca) - and; यमौ (yamau) - the twins; च (ca) - and; सुमहाबलौ (sumahābalau) - very mighty;]
(Others, tigers among men, equal to a thousand divisions: Satyaki, Bhimasena, and the twins, very mighty.)
Others, who are like tigers among men and equal to a thousand divisions, include Satyaki, Bhimasena, and the very mighty twins.
एकादशैताः पृतना एकतश्च समागताः। एकतश्च महाबाहुर्बहुरूपो धनञ्जयः ॥५-२०-१८॥
ekādaśaitāḥ pṛtanā ekataśca samāgatāḥ। ekataśca mahābāhurbahurūpo dhanañjayaḥ ॥5-20-18॥
[एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven; एताः (etāḥ) - these; पृतना (pṛtanā) - armies; एकतः (ekataḥ) - on one side; च (ca) - and; समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; बहुरूपः (bahurūpaḥ) - many-formed; धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna;]
(Eleven of these armies were assembled on one side, and on the other side was the mighty-armed, many-formed Arjuna.)
Eleven armies gathered on one side, while on the other stood the mighty and versatile Arjuna.
यथा किरीटी सेनाभ्यः सर्वाभ्यो व्यतिरिच्यते। एवमेव महाबाहुर्वासुदेवो महाद्युतिः ॥५-२०-१९॥
yathā kirīṭī senābhyaḥ sarvābhyo vyatiricyate। evameva mahābāhurvāsudevo mahādyutiḥ ॥5-20-19॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; किरीटी (kirīṭī) - the one with a crown; सेनाभ्यः (senābhyaḥ) - from the armies; सर्वाभ्यः (sarvābhyo) - from all; व्यतिरिच्यते (vyatiricyate) - is distinguished; एवमेव (evameva) - in the same way; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vasudeva; महाद्युतिः (mahādyutiḥ) - of great splendor;]
(Just as the one with a crown is distinguished from all the armies, in the same way, the mighty-armed Vasudeva is of great splendor.)
Just as Arjuna, the one with a crown, stands out among all the armies, so does the mighty-armed Vasudeva, Krishna, shine with great splendor.
बहुलत्वं च सेनानां विक्रमं च किरीटिनः। बुद्धिमत्तां च कृष्णस्य बुद्ध्वा युध्येत को नरः ॥५-२०-२०॥
bahulatvaṃ ca senānāṃ vikramaṃ ca kirīṭinaḥ। buddhimattāṃ ca kṛṣṇasya buddhvā yudhyeta ko naraḥ ॥5-20-20॥
[बहुलत्वं (bahulatvam) - abundance; च (ca) - and; सेनानां (senānām) - of armies; विक्रमं (vikramam) - prowess; च (ca) - and; किरीटिनः (kirīṭinaḥ) - of Arjuna; बुद्धिमत्तां (buddhimattām) - intelligence; च (ca) - and; कृष्णस्य (kṛṣṇasya) - of Krishna; बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - knowing; युध्येत (yudhyeta) - would fight; कः (kaḥ) - who; नरः (naraḥ) - man;]
(Who would fight, knowing the abundance of armies, the prowess of Arjuna, and the intelligence of Krishna?)
Who would dare to fight, knowing the vastness of the armies, the valor of Arjuna, and the wisdom of Krishna?
ते भवन्तो यथाधर्मं यथासमयमेव च। प्रयच्छन्तु प्रदातव्यं मा वः कालोऽत्यगादयम् ॥५-२०-२१॥
te bhavanto yathādharmam yathāsamayameva ca। prayacchantu pradātavyaṁ mā vaḥ kālo'tyagādayam ॥5-20-21॥
[ते (te) - they; भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - gentlemen; यथा (yathā) - according to; अधर्मं (adharmam) - unrighteousness; यथा (yathā) - according to; समयम् (samayam) - time; एव (eva) - only; च (ca) - and; प्रयच्छन्तु (prayacchantu) - let them give; प्रदातव्यम् (pradātavyam) - to be given; मा (mā) - not; वः (vaḥ) - your; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - pass; अयम् (ayam) - this;]
(They, gentlemen, according to unrighteousness and according to time only, let them give what is to be given, lest your time passes this.)
Gentlemen, let them give what is due according to the law and the time, so that your opportunity does not pass by.
