06.011
Library: Epochs, life span, and characteristics of people.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra said:
भारतस्यास्य वर्षस्य तथा हैमवतस्य च। प्रमाणमायुषः सूत फलं चापि शुभाशुभम् ॥६-११-१॥
bhāratasya asya varṣasya tathā haimavatasya ca। pramāṇam āyuṣaḥ sūta phalaṃ ca api śubha aśubham ॥6-11-1॥
[भारतस्य (bhāratasya) - of India; अस्य (asya) - this; वर्षस्य (varṣasya) - of the year; तथा (tathā) - and; हैमवतस्य (haimavatasya) - of the Himalayas; च (ca) - and; प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - measure; आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life; सूत (sūta) - Sūta; फलं (phalaṃ) - result; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; शुभ (śubha) - auspicious; अशुभम् (aśubham) - inauspicious;]
(Of India, of this year, and of the Himalayas, the measure of life, O Sūta, and also the auspicious and inauspicious results.)
O Sūta, please tell us about the measure of life, the auspicious and inauspicious results of this year in India and the Himalayas.
अनागतमतिक्रान्तं वर्तमानं च सञ्जय। आचक्ष्व मे विस्तरेण हरिवर्षं तथैव च ॥६-११-२॥
anāgatamatikrāntaṃ vartamānaṃ ca sañjaya। ācakṣva me vistareṇa harivarṣaṃ tathaiva ca ॥6-11-2॥
[अनागतम् (anāgatam) - not yet come; अतिक्रान्तम् (atikrāntam) - past; वर्तमानम् (vartamānam) - present; च (ca) - and; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; मे (me) - me; विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; हरिवर्षम् (harivarṣam) - Harivarsa; तथैव (tathaiva) - also; च (ca) - and;]
(Tell me in detail about the past, present, and future, O Sanjaya, and also about Harivarsa.)
O Sanjaya, please narrate to me in detail about the past, present, and future, as well as about the region of Harivarsa.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
चत्वारि भारते वर्षे युगानि भरतर्षभ। कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च पुष्यं च कुरुवर्धन ॥६-११-३॥
catvāri bhārate varṣe yugāni bharatarṣabha। kṛtaṁ tretā dvāparaṁ ca puṣyaṁ ca kuruvardhana ॥6-11-3॥
[चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; भारते (bhārate) - in Bharata; वर्षे (varṣe) - in the land; युगानि (yugāni) - epochs; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - Krita; त्रेता (tretā) - Treta; द्वापरं (dvāparaṁ) - Dvapara; च (ca) - and; पुष्यं (puṣyaṁ) - Pusya; च (ca) - and; कुरुवर्धन (kuruvardhana) - O enhancer of the Kuru dynasty;]
(Four epochs exist in the land of Bharata, O best of the Bharatas: Krita, Treta, Dvapara, and Pusya, O enhancer of the Kuru dynasty.)
In the land of Bharata, there are four epochs known as Krita, Treta, Dvapara, and Pusya, O noble descendant of the Bharatas and enhancer of the Kuru dynasty.
पूर्वं कृतयुगं नाम ततस्त्रेतायुगं विभो। सङ्क्षेपाद्द्वापरस्याथ ततः पुष्यं प्रवर्तते ॥६-११-४॥
pūrvaṃ kṛtayugaṃ nāma tatas tretāyugaṃ vibho। saṅkṣepād dvāparasyātha tataḥ puṣyaṃ pravartate ॥6-11-4॥
[पूर्वं (pūrvaṃ) - first; कृतयुगं (kṛtayugaṃ) - Krita Yuga; नाम (nāma) - named; ततः (tataḥ) - then; त्रेतायुगं (tretāyugaṃ) - Treta Yuga; विभो (vibho) - O Lord; सङ्क्षेपात् (saṅkṣepāt) - briefly; द्वापरस्य (dvāparasya) - of Dvapara; अथ (atha) - then; ततः (tataḥ) - then; पुष्यं (puṣyaṃ) - Pusya; प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - begins;]
(First, the age named Krita Yuga, then the Treta Yuga, O Lord. Briefly, after Dvapara, then Pusya begins.)
First comes the Krita Yuga, followed by the Treta Yuga, O Lord. In brief, after the Dvapara Yuga, the Pusya period begins.
चत्वारि च सहस्राणि वर्षाणां कुरुसत्तम। आयुःसङ्ख्या कृतयुगे सङ्ख्याता राजसत्तम ॥६-११-५॥
catvāri ca sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ kurusattama। āyuḥsaṅkhyā kṛtayuge saṅkhyātā rājasattama ॥6-11-5॥
[चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; च (ca) - and; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; वर्षाणां (varṣāṇāṃ) - of years; कुरुसत्तम (kurusattama) - O best of the Kurus; आयुःसङ्ख्या (āyuḥsaṅkhyā) - the lifespan; कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Krita Yuga; सङ्ख्याता (saṅkhyātā) - is counted; राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings;]
(Four thousand years, O best of the Kurus, is the lifespan counted in the Krita Yuga, O best of kings.)
In the Krita Yuga, the lifespan is counted as four thousand years, O noble Kuru and esteemed king.
तथा त्रीणि सहस्राणि त्रेतायां मनुजाधिप। द्विसहस्रं द्वापरे तु शते तिष्ठति सम्प्रति ॥६-११-६॥
tathā trīṇi sahasrāṇi tretāyāṃ manujādhipa। dvisahasraṃ dvāpare tu śate tiṣṭhati samprati ॥6-11-6॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; त्रेतायां (tretāyāṃ) - in the Treta Yuga; मनुजाधिप (manujādhipa) - O ruler of men; द्विसहस्रं (dvisahasraṃ) - two thousand; द्वापरे (dvāpare) - in the Dvapara Yuga; तु (tu) - but; शते (śate) - hundred; तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains; सम्प्रति (samprati) - now;]
(Thus, three thousand in the Treta Yuga, O ruler of men; two thousand in the Dvapara Yuga, but now it remains a hundred.)
O ruler of men, in the Treta Yuga, the lifespan was three thousand years, in the Dvapara Yuga, it was two thousand, but now it remains a hundred.
न प्रमाणस्थितिर्ह्यस्ति पुष्येऽस्मिन्भरतर्षभ। गर्भस्थाश्च म्रियन्तेऽत्र तथा जाता म्रियन्ति च ॥६-११-७॥
na pramāṇasthitirhyasti puṣye'sminbharatarṣabha। garbhasthāśca mriyante'tra tathā jātā mriyanti ca ॥6-11-7॥
[न (na) - not; प्रमाणस्थितिः (pramāṇasthitiḥ) - certainty; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्ति (asti) - is; पुष्ये (puṣye) - in Puṣya (a lunar mansion); अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; गर्भस्थाः (garbhasthāḥ) - those in the womb; च (ca) - and; म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - die; अत्र (atra) - here; तथा (tathā) - also; जाता (jātā) - those born; म्रियन्ति (mriyanti) - die; च (ca) - and;]
(There is indeed no certainty in Puṣya, O best of the Bharatas. Those in the womb die here, and those born also die.)
O best of the Bharatas, there is no certainty during the time of Puṣya. Both the unborn and the born meet their end here.
महाबला महासत्त्वाः प्रजागुणसमन्विताः। अजायन्त कृते राजन्मुनयः सुतपोधनाः ॥६-११-८॥
mahābalā mahāsattvāḥ prajāguṇasamanvitāḥ। ajāyanta kṛte rājanmunayaḥ sutapodhanāḥ ॥6-11-8॥
[महाबला (mahābalā) - great strength; महासत्त्वाः (mahāsattvāḥ) - great beings; प्रजागुणसमन्विताः (prajāguṇasamanvitāḥ) - endowed with the qualities of progeny; अजायन्त (ajāyanta) - were born; कृते (kṛte) - in the Krita age; राजन् (rājan) - O king; मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages; सुतपोधनाः (sutapodhanāḥ) - rich in austere penance;]
(Great strength, great beings endowed with the qualities of progeny were born in the Krita age, O king, sages rich in austere penance.)
In the Krita age, O king, great sages with immense strength and qualities of progeny were born, who were rich in austere penance.
महोत्साहा महात्मानो धार्मिकाः सत्यवादिनः। जाताः कृतयुगे राजन्धनिनः प्रियदर्शनाः ॥६-११-९॥
mahotsāhā mahātmāno dhārmikāḥ satyavādinaḥ। jātāḥ kṛtayuge rājandhaninaḥ priyadarśanāḥ ॥6-11-9॥
[महोत्साहा (mahotsāhā) - greatly enthusiastic; महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls; धार्मिकाः (dhārmikāḥ) - righteous; सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truthful speakers; जाताः (jātāḥ) - born; कृतयुगे (kṛtayuge) - in the Krita Yuga; राजन् (rājan) - O king; धनिनः (dhaninaḥ) - wealthy; प्रियदर्शनाः (priyadarśanāḥ) - pleasing in appearance;]
(Greatly enthusiastic, great souls, righteous, truthful speakers were born in the Krita Yuga, O king, wealthy and pleasing in appearance.)
In the Krita Yuga, O king, there were born individuals who were greatly enthusiastic, noble in spirit, righteous, and truthful. They were wealthy and pleasing to behold.
आयुष्मन्तो महावीरा धनुर्धरवरा युधि। जायन्ते क्षत्रियाः शूरास्त्रेतायां चक्रवर्तिनः ॥६-११-१०॥
āyuṣmanto mahāvīrā dhanurdharavarā yudhi। jāyante kṣatriyāḥ śūrāstretāyāṃ cakravartinaḥ ॥6-11-10॥
[आयुष्मन्तः (āyuṣmantaḥ) - long-lived ones; महावीराः (mahāvīrāḥ) - great heroes; धनुर्धरवराः (dhanurdharavarāḥ) - excellent archers; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born; क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave ones; त्रेतायाम् (tretāyām) - in the Treta Yuga; चक्रवर्तिनः (cakravartinaḥ) - emperors;]
(Long-lived ones, great heroes, excellent archers are born in battle; warriors, brave ones, emperors in the Treta Yuga.)
In the Treta Yuga, long-lived, great heroes and excellent archers are born as warriors and emperors, showcasing their bravery in battles.
सर्ववर्णा महाराज जायन्ते द्वापरे सति। महोत्साहा महावीर्याः परस्परवधैषिणः ॥६-११-११॥
sarvavarṇā mahārāja jāyante dvāpare sati। mahotsāhā mahāvīryāḥ parasparavadha iṣiṇaḥ ॥6-11-11॥
[सर्ववर्णा (sarvavarṇā) - all classes; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born; द्वापरे (dvāpare) - in the Dvapara age; सति (sati) - being; महोत्साहा (mahotsāhā) - very enthusiastic; महावीर्याः (mahāvīryāḥ) - of great strength; परस्परवधैषिणः (parasparavadha iṣiṇaḥ) - desiring to kill each other;]
(All classes, O great king, are born in the Dvapara age, being very enthusiastic and of great strength, desiring to kill each other.)
In the Dvapara age, all classes of people are born with great enthusiasm and strength, seeking to destroy one another, O great king.
तेजसाल्पेन संयुक्ताः क्रोधनाः पुरुषा नृप। लुब्धाश्चानृतकाश्चैव पुष्ये जायन्ति भारत ॥६-११-१२॥
tejasālpena saṁyuktāḥ krodhanāḥ puruṣā nṛpa। lubdhāścānṛtakāścaiva puṣye jāyanti bhārata ॥6-11-12॥
[तेजसा (tejasā) - with little brilliance; अल्पेन (alpena) - with little; संयुक्ताः (saṁyuktāḥ) - endowed; क्रोधनाः (krodhanāḥ) - angry; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men; नृप (nṛpa) - O king; लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy; च (ca) - and; अनृतकाः (anṛtakāḥ) - liars; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; पुष्ये (puṣye) - in the month of Pushya; जायन्ति (jāyanti) - are born; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata;]
(Men with little brilliance, endowed with anger, greedy and liars, are born in the month of Pushya, O king, O Bharata.)
O King Bharata, men who are endowed with little brilliance, are angry, greedy, and deceitful, are born in the month of Pushya.
ईर्ष्या मानस्तथा क्रोधो मायासूया तथैव च। पुष्ये भवन्ति मर्त्यानां रागो लोभश्च भारत ॥६-११-१३॥
īrṣyā mānas tathā krodho māyāsūyā tathaiva ca। puṣye bhavanti martyānāṃ rāgo lobhaś ca bhārata ॥6-11-13॥
[ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā) - jealousy; मानः (mānas) - pride; तथा (tathā) - and; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; मायासूया (māyāsūyā) - deceit and envy; तथैव (tathaiva) - also; च (ca) - and; पुष्ये (puṣye) - in prosperity; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; मर्त्यानाम् (martyānām) - of mortals; रागः (rāgaḥ) - attachment; लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Jealousy, pride, and anger, deceit and envy also; in prosperity become of mortals attachment, greed, and, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, jealousy, pride, anger, deceit, and envy arise in mortals during prosperity, leading to attachment and greed.
सङ्क्षेपो वर्तते राजन्द्वापरेऽस्मिन्नराधिप। गुणोत्तरं हैमवतं हरिवर्षं ततः परम् ॥६-११-१४॥
saṅkṣepo vartate rājandvāpare'sminnarādhipa। guṇottaraṃ haimavataṃ harivarṣaṃ tataḥ param ॥6-11-14॥
[सङ्क्षेपः (saṅkṣepaḥ) - summary; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; राजन् (rājan) - O king; द्वापरे (dvāpare) - in Dvapara; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O ruler of men; गुणोत्तरं (guṇottaraṃ) - superior in qualities; हैमवतं (haimavataṃ) - Himavat; हरिवर्षं (harivarṣaṃ) - Harivarsa; ततः (tataḥ) - then; परम् (param) - beyond;]
(Summary exists, O king, in this Dvapara, O ruler of men. Superior in qualities is Himavat, then beyond is Harivarsa.)
In this Dvapara Yuga, O King, there is a summary, O ruler of men. Himavat is superior in qualities, and beyond that is Harivarsa.
