10.003
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
कृपस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा धर्मार्थसहितं शुभम्। अश्वत्थामा महाराज दुःखशोकसमन्वितः ॥१०-३-१॥
kṛpasya vacanaṃ śrutvā dharmārthasahitaṃ śubham। aśvatthāmā mahārāja duḥkhaśokasamanvitaḥ ॥10-3-1॥
[कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kṛpa; वचनं (vacanam) - words; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; अर्थ (artha) - purpose; सहितं (sahitam) - together with; शुभम् (śubham) - auspicious; अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā; महाराज (mahārāja) - great king; दुःख (duḥkha) - sorrow; शोक (śoka) - grief; समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - filled with;]
(Having heard the auspicious words of Kṛpa, together with righteousness and purpose, Aśvatthāmā, the great king, was filled with sorrow and grief.)
Upon hearing the auspicious and righteous words of Kṛpa, Aśvatthāmā, the great king, was overwhelmed with sorrow and grief.
दह्यमानस्तु शोकेन प्रदीप्तेनाग्निना यथा। क्रूरं मनस्ततः कृत्वा तावुभौ प्रत्यभाषत ॥१०-३-२॥
dahyamānastu śokena pradīptenāgninā yathā। krūraṃ manastataḥ kṛtvā tāvubhau pratyabhāṣata ॥10-3-2॥
[दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - burning; तु (tu) - but; शोकेन (śokena) - with grief; प्रदीप्तेन (pradīptena) - blazing; अग्निना (agninā) - with fire; यथा (yathā) - as; क्रूरं (krūraṃ) - cruel; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; ततः (tataḥ) - then; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; तौ (tau) - those two; उभौ (ubhau) - both; प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - addressed;]
(Burning with grief as with blazing fire, having made the mind cruel, then he addressed those two.)
Burning with grief like a blazing fire, he hardened his mind and then addressed both of them.
पुरुषे पुरुषे बुद्धिः सा सा भवति शोभना। तुष्यन्ति च पृथक्सर्वे प्रज्ञया ते स्वया स्वया ॥१०-३-३॥
puruṣe puruṣe buddhiḥ sā sā bhavati śobhanā। tuṣyanti ca pṛthaksarve prajñayā te svayā svayā ॥10-3-3॥
[पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in man; पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in man; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intelligence; सा (sā) - that; सा (sā) - that; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; शोभना (śobhanā) - excellent; तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are satisfied; च (ca) - and; पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately; सर्वे (sarve) - all; प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - by wisdom; ते (te) - they; स्वया (svayā) - their own; स्वया (svayā) - their own;]
(In man, in man, intelligence, that, that becomes excellent. All are satisfied separately by their own wisdom.)
In every person, intelligence manifests uniquely and excellently. Everyone is satisfied individually by their own wisdom.
सर्वो हि मन्यते लोक आत्मानं बुद्धिमत्तरम्। सर्वस्यात्मा बहुमतः सर्वात्मानं प्रशंसति ॥१०-३-४॥
sarvo hi manyate loka ātmānaṃ buddhimattaram। sarvasyātmā bahumataḥ sarv ātmānaṃ praśaṃsati ॥10-3-4॥
[सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - everyone; हि (hi) - indeed; मन्यते (manyate) - thinks; लोकः (lokaḥ) - world; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self; बुद्धिमत्तरम् (buddhimattaram) - more intelligent; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of everyone; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; बहुमतः (bahumataḥ) - highly regarded; सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - everyone; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self; प्रशंसति (praśaṃsati) - praises;]
(Everyone indeed thinks the self to be more intelligent. The self of everyone is highly regarded; everyone praises the self.)
Everyone believes themselves to be the most intelligent. The self is highly esteemed by all, and everyone praises their own self.
सर्वस्य हि स्वका प्रज्ञा साधुवादे प्रतिष्ठिता। परबुद्धिं च निन्दन्ति स्वां प्रशंसन्ति चासकृत् ॥१०-३-५॥
sarvasya hi svakā prajñā sādhuvāde pratiṣṭhitā। parabuddhiṃ ca nindanti svāṃ praśaṃsanti cāsakṛt ॥10-3-5॥
[सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of everyone; हि (hi) - indeed; स्वका (svakā) - own; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intelligence; साधुवादे (sādhuvāde) - in praise; प्रतिष्ठिता (pratiṣṭhitā) - established; परबुद्धिं (parabuddhiṃ) - others' intelligence; च (ca) - and; निन्दन्ति (nindanti) - criticize; स्वां (svāṃ) - own; प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṃsanti) - praise; च (ca) - and; असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly;]
(Indeed, everyone's own intelligence is established in praise; they criticize others' intelligence and repeatedly praise their own.)
Indeed, people tend to establish their own intelligence in praise, criticize others' intelligence, and repeatedly praise their own.
कारणान्तरयोगेन योगे येषां समा मतिः। तेऽन्योन्येन च तुष्यन्ति बहु मन्यन्ति चासकृत् ॥१०-३-६॥
kāraṇāntarayogena yoge yeṣāṃ samā matiḥ। te'nyonyena ca tuṣyanti bahu manyanti cāsakṛt ॥10-3-6॥
[कारण-अन्तर-योगेन (kāraṇa-antara-yogena) - by the connection of external causes; योगे (yoge) - in union; येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose; समा (samā) - equal; मतिः (matiḥ) - mind; ते (te) - they; अन्योन्येन (anyonyena) - with each other; च (ca) - and; तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are satisfied; बहु (bahu) - much; मन्यन्ति (manyanti) - respect; च (ca) - and; असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly;]
(By the connection of external causes, those whose mind is equal in union, they are satisfied with each other and respect much repeatedly.)
Due to the connection of external causes, those whose minds are balanced in union find satisfaction with each other and hold each other in high regard repeatedly.
तस्यैव तु मनुष्यस्य सा सा बुद्धिस्तदा तदा। कालयोगविपर्यासं प्राप्यान्योन्यं विपद्यते ॥१०-३-७॥
tasyaiva tu manuṣyasya sā sā buddhistadā tadā। kālayogaviparyāsaṃ prāpyānyonyaṃ vipadyate ॥10-3-7॥
[तस्यैव (tasyaiva) - of that very; तु (tu) - but; मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a person; सा (sā) - that; सा (sā) - that; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intelligence; तदा (tadā) - then; तदा (tadā) - then; कालयोगविपर्यासं (kālayogaviparyāsaṃ) - time and circumstance reversal; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; अन्योन्यम् (anyonyaṃ) - each other; विपद्यते (vipadyate) - perishes;]
(Of that very person, that intelligence, then and then, having obtained the reversal of time and circumstance, perishes each other.)
The intelligence of a person changes according to time and circumstances, leading to mutual destruction.
अचिन्त्यत्वाद्धि चित्तानां मनुष्याणां विशेषतः। चित्तवैकल्यमासाद्य सा सा बुद्धिः प्रजायते ॥१०-३-८॥
acintyatvāddhi cittānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ viśeṣataḥ। cittavaikalyamāsādya sā sā buddhiḥ prajāyate ॥10-3-8॥
[अचिन्त्यत्वात् (acintyatvāt) - due to inconceivability; हि (hi) - indeed; चित्तानाम् (cittānām) - of minds; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans; विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially; चित्तवैकल्यम् (cittavaikalyam) - mental disturbance; आसाद्य (āsādya) - having attained; सा (sā) - that; सा (sā) - that; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intelligence; प्रजायते (prajāyate) - arises;]
(Due to the inconceivability of minds, especially of humans, having attained mental disturbance, that intelligence arises.)
Because of the inconceivability of human minds, especially when they experience mental disturbance, various kinds of intelligence arise.
यथा हि वैद्यः कुशलो ज्ञात्वा व्याधिं यथाविधि। भेषजं कुरुते योगात्प्रशमार्थमिहाभिभो ॥१०-३-९॥
yathā hi vaidyaḥ kuśalo jñātvā vyādhiṃ yathāvidhi। bheṣajaṃ kurute yogātpraśamārthamihābhibho ॥10-3-9॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; हि (hi) - indeed; वैद्यः (vaidyaḥ) - doctor; कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known; व्याधिम् (vyādhim) - disease; यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to the rule; भेषजम् (bheṣajam) - medicine; कुरुते (kurute) - prepares; योगात् (yogāt) - by application; प्रशमार्थम् (praśamārtham) - for the purpose of alleviation; इह (iha) - here; अभिभो (abhibho) - O Lord;]
(Just as a skilled doctor, having known the disease, prepares medicine according to the rule for the purpose of alleviation, O Lord, here.)
O Lord, just as a skilled doctor prepares medicine according to the rule to alleviate a disease, having understood it, so do you act here.
एवं कार्यस्य योगार्थं बुद्धिं कुर्वन्ति मानवाः। प्रज्ञया हि स्वया युक्तास्तां च निन्दन्ति मानवाः ॥१०-३-१०॥
evaṁ kāryasya yogārthaṁ buddhiṁ kurvanti mānavāḥ। prajñayā hi svayā yuktāstāṁ ca nindanti mānavāḥ ॥10-3-10॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of the action; योगार्थम् (yogārtham) - for the purpose of union; बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intelligence; कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - perform; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans; प्रज्ञया (prajñayā) - with wisdom; हि (hi) - indeed; स्वया (svayā) - their own; युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - engaged; ताम् (tām) - that; च (ca) - and; निन्दन्ति (nindanti) - criticize; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans;]
(Thus, humans perform intelligence for the purpose of union. Indeed, with their own wisdom, humans engaged criticize that.)
Thus, humans engage in intelligence for the purpose of union, and with their own wisdom, they criticize it.
अन्यया यौवने मर्त्यो बुद्ध्या भवति मोहितः। मध्येऽन्यया जरायां तु सोऽन्यां रोचयते मतिम् ॥१०-३-११॥
anyayā yauvane martyo buddhyā bhavati mohitaḥ। madhye'nyayā jarāyāṃ tu so'nyāṃ rocate matim ॥10-3-11॥
[अन्यया (anyayā) - by another; यौवने (yauvane) - in youth; मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - mortal; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; मोहितः (mohitaḥ) - deluded; मध्ये (madhye) - in middle age; अन्यया (anyayā) - by another; जरायाम् (jarāyām) - in old age; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he; अन्याम् (anyām) - another; रोचयते (rocayate) - desires; मतिम् (matim) - mind;]
(In youth, a mortal becomes deluded by another's intellect; in middle age, by another; in old age, he desires another's mind.)
In youth, a mortal is deluded by another's intellect; in middle age, by another; and in old age, he desires another's mind.
व्यसनं वा पुनर्घोरं समृद्धिं वापि तादृशीम्। अवाप्य पुरुषो भोज कुरुते बुद्धिवैकृतम् ॥१०-३-१२॥
vyasanaṁ vā punarghoraṁ samṛddhiṁ vāpi tādṛśīm। avāpya puruṣo bhoja kurute buddhivaikṛtam ॥10-3-12॥
[व्यसनं (vyasanam) - calamity; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punah) - again; घोरं (ghoram) - terrible; समृद्धिं (samṛddhim) - prosperity; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; तादृशीम् (tādṛśīm) - such; अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a man; भोज (bhoja) - O King; कुरुते (kurute) - does; बुद्धिवैकृतम् (buddhivaikṛtam) - perversion of intellect;]
(A man, O King, having obtained either a terrible calamity or such prosperity, again does a perversion of intellect.)
O King, whether a man encounters a terrible calamity or achieves great prosperity, he again acts with a perverted intellect.
एकस्मिन्नेव पुरुषे सा सा बुद्धिस्तदा तदा। भवत्यनित्यप्रज्ञत्वात्सा तस्यैव न रोचते ॥१०-३-१३॥
ekasminneva puruṣe sā sā buddhistadā tadā। bhavatyanityaprajñatvātsā tasyaiva na rocate ॥10-3-13॥
[एकस्मिन्नेव (ekasminneva) - in one only; पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in a person; सा (sā) - that; सा (sā) - that; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intelligence; तदा (tadā) - then; तदा (tadā) - then; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; अनित्यप्रज्ञत्वात् (anityaprajñatvāt) - due to impermanent wisdom; सा (sā) - that; तस्यैव (tasyaiva) - of that only; न (na) - not; रोचते (rocate) - pleases;]
(In one person only, that intelligence then becomes, due to impermanent wisdom, that does not please him only.)
In one person alone, that intelligence arises at that time, but due to its impermanent nature, it does not please him.
निश्चित्य तु यथाप्रज्ञं यां मतिं साधु पश्यति। तस्यां प्रकुरुते भावं सा तस्योद्योगकारिका ॥१०-३-१४॥
niścitya tu yathāprajñaṃ yāṃ matiṃ sādhu paśyati। tasyāṃ prakurute bhāvaṃ sā tasyodyogakārikā ॥10-3-14॥
[निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having determined; तु (tu) - but; यथाप्रज्ञं (yathāprajñaṃ) - according to wisdom; यां (yāṃ) - which; मतिं (matiṃ) - opinion; साधु (sādhu) - good; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees; तस्यां (tasyāṃ) - in that; प्रकुरुते (prakurute) - engages; भावं (bhāvaṃ) - feeling; सा (sā) - she; तस्य (tasya) - his; उद्योगकारिका (udyogakārikā) - effort-maker;]
(Having determined, but according to wisdom, which opinion she sees as good, she engages in that feeling; she is the effort-maker of his.)
After determining wisely, she engages in the opinion she sees as good; she is the one who makes efforts on his behalf.
सर्वो हि पुरुषो भोज साध्वेतदिति निश्चितः। कर्तुमारभते प्रीतो मरणादिषु कर्मसु ॥१०-३-१५॥
sarvo hi puruṣo bhoja sādhvetaditi niścitaḥ। kartumārabhate prīto maraṇādiṣu karmasu ॥10-3-15॥
[सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every; हि (hi) - indeed; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; भोजः (bhojaḥ) - Bhoja; साधु (sādhu) - good; एतत् (etat) - this; इति (iti) - thus; निश्चितः (niścitaḥ) - determined; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; आरभते (ārabhate) - begins; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; मरणादिषु (maraṇādiṣu) - in death, etc.; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions;]
(Every man, indeed, determined that this is good, Bhoja, begins to act, pleased, in actions like death, etc.)
Every man, indeed, determined that this is good, Bhoja, begins to act with pleasure in matters such as death and other actions.
सर्वे हि युक्तिं विज्ञाय प्रज्ञां चापि स्वकां नराः। चेष्टन्ते विविधाश्चेष्टा हितमित्येव जानते ॥१०-३-१६॥
sarve hi yuktiṁ vijñāya prajñāṁ cāpi svakāṁ narāḥ। ceṣṭante vividhāśceṣṭā hitamityeva jānate ॥10-3-16॥
[सर्वे (sarve) - all; हि (hi) - indeed; युक्तिं (yuktiṁ) - strategy; विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood; प्रज्ञां (prajñāṁ) - wisdom; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; स्वकां (svakāṁ) - their own; नराः (narāḥ) - men; चेष्टन्ते (ceṣṭante) - act; विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various; चेष्टा (ceṣṭā) - actions; हितम् (hitam) - benefit; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; जानते (jānate) - know;]
(All men, indeed, having understood strategy and their own wisdom, act in various ways, knowing thus indeed the benefit.)
All men, indeed, act in various ways after understanding strategy and their own wisdom, knowing that it is beneficial.
उपजाता व्यसनजा येयमद्य मतिर्मम। युवयोस्तां प्रवक्ष्यामि मम शोकविनाशिनीम् ॥१०-३-१७॥
upajātā vyasanajā yeyamadya matirmama। yuvayostāṃ pravakṣyāmi mama śokavināśinīm ॥10-3-17॥
[उपजाता (upajātā) - arisen; व्यसनजा (vyasanajā) - born of distress; या (yā) - which; इयम् (iyam) - this; अद्य (adya) - today; मतिः (matiḥ) - thought; मम (mama) - my; युवयोः (yuvayoḥ) - of you two; ताम् (tām) - that; प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will express; मम (mama) - my; शोकविनाशिनीम् (śokavināśinīm) - grief-destroying;]
(Arisen and born of distress, this thought of mine today, I will express to you two, my grief-destroying one.)
Today, I will express to you both the thought that has arisen in me, born out of distress, which will destroy my grief.
प्रजापतिः प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा कर्म तासु विधाय च। वर्णे वर्णे समाधत्त एकैकं गुणवत्तरम् ॥१०-३-१८॥
prajāpatiḥ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā karma tāsu vidhāya ca। varṇe varṇe samādatta ekaikaṃ guṇavattaram ॥10-3-18॥
[प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - the lord of creatures; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures; सृष्ट्वा (sṛṣṭvā) - having created; कर्म (karma) - duties; तासु (tāsu) - in them; विधाय (vidhāya) - having ordained; च (ca) - and; वर्णे (varṇe) - in each class; वर्णे (varṇe) - in each class; समाधत्त (samādatta) - placed; एकैकं (ekaikam) - each one; गुणवत्तरम् (guṇavattaram) - with qualities;]
(The lord of creatures, having created the creatures and ordained duties in them, placed each one with qualities in each class.)
The lord of creatures, after creating the beings and assigning duties to them, placed each one with specific qualities in each class.
ब्राह्मणे दममव्यग्रं क्षत्रिये तेज उत्तमम्। दाक्ष्यं वैश्ये च शूद्रे च सर्ववर्णानुकूलताम् ॥१०-३-१९॥
brāhmaṇe damamavyagraṃ kṣatriye teja uttamam। dākṣyaṃ vaiśye ca śūdre ca sarvavarṇānukūlatām ॥10-3-19॥
[ब्राह्मणे (brāhmaṇe) - in a Brahmin; दमम् (damam) - self-control; अव्यग्रम् (avyagram) - unperturbed; क्षत्रिये (kṣatriye) - in a Kshatriya; तेजः (tejaḥ) - valor; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme; दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill; वैश्ये (vaiśye) - in a Vaishya; च (ca) - and; शूद्रे (śūdre) - in a Shudra; च (ca) - and; सर्ववर्ण (sarvavarṇa) - all castes; अनुकूलताम् (anukūlatām) - favorability;]
(In a Brahmin, self-control unperturbed; in a Kshatriya, supreme valor; skill in a Vaishya and a Shudra; favorability towards all castes.)
In a Brahmin, there should be unperturbed self-control; in a Kshatriya, supreme valor; skill in a Vaishya and a Shudra; and favorability towards all castes.
अदान्तो ब्राह्मणोऽसाधुर्निस्तेजाः क्षत्रियोऽधमः। अदक्षो निन्द्यते वैश्यः शूद्रश्च प्रतिकूलवान् ॥१०-३-२०॥
adānto brāhmaṇo'sādhurnistejāḥ kṣatriyo'dhamaḥ। adakṣo nindyate vaiśyaḥ śūdraśca pratikūlavān ॥10-3-20॥
[अदान्तः (adāntaḥ) - undisciplined; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin; असाधुः (asādhuḥ) - not virtuous; निस्तेजाः (nistejāḥ) - without vigor; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kshatriya; अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowly; अदक्षः (adakṣaḥ) - inept; निन्द्यते (nindyate) - is criticized; वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra; च (ca) - and; प्रतिकूलवान् (pratikūlavān) - hostile;]
(An undisciplined Brahmin is not virtuous, a Kshatriya without vigor is lowly, an inept Vaishya is criticized, and a Shudra is hostile.)
An undisciplined Brahmin is considered unworthy, a Kshatriya without vigor is deemed inferior, an inept Vaishya is criticized, and a Shudra is seen as hostile.
सोऽस्मि जातः कुले श्रेष्ठे ब्राह्मणानां सुपूजिते। मन्दभाग्यतयास्म्येतं क्षत्रधर्ममनु ष्ठितः ॥१०-३-२१॥
so'smi jātaḥ kule śreṣṭhe brāhmaṇānāṃ supūjite। mandabhāgyatayāsmyetaṃ kṣatradharmamanu ṣṭhitaḥ ॥10-3-21॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अस्मि (asmi) - am; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; कुले (kule) - in family; श्रेष्ठे (śreṣṭhe) - best; ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānāṃ) - of Brahmins; सुपूजिते (supūjite) - highly revered; मन्दभाग्यतया (mandabhāgyatayā) - due to misfortune; अस्मि (asmi) - am; एतं (etaṃ) - this; क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - Kshatriya duty; अनु ष्ठितः (anu ṣṭhitaḥ) - engaged;]
(He am born in the best family of highly revered Brahmins. Due to misfortune, I am engaged in this Kshatriya duty.)
I was born into a highly revered Brahmin family, but due to misfortune, I am now engaged in the duties of a Kshatriya.
क्षत्रधर्मं विदित्वाहं यदि ब्राह्मण्यसंश्रितम्। प्रकुर्यां सुमहत्कर्म न मे तत्साधु संमतम् ॥१०-३-२२॥
kṣatradharmaṃ viditvāhaṃ yadi brāhmaṇyasaṃśritam। prakuryāṃ sumahatkarma na me tatsādhu saṃmatam ॥10-3-22॥
[क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - warrior's duty; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; अहम् (aham) - I; यदि (yadi) - if; ब्राह्मण्य (brāhmaṇya) - brahminhood; संश्रितम् (saṃśritam) - resorted to; प्रकुर्यां (prakuryāṃ) - would perform; सुमहत् (sumahat) - great; कर्म (karma) - action; न (na) - not; मे (me) - to me; तत् (tat) - that; साधु (sādhu) - good; संमतम् (saṃmatam) - approved;]
(Having known the warrior's duty, if I resorted to brahminhood, I would perform a great action, but that is not approved by me as good.)
Having understood the duty of a warrior, if I were to take up the path of a Brahmin, even if I were to perform a great deed, it would not be considered good or approved by me.
धारयित्वा धनुर्दिव्यं दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि चाहवे। पितरं निहतं दृष्ट्वा किं नु वक्ष्यामि संसदि ॥१०-३-२३॥
dhārayitvā dhanurdivyaṃ divyānyastrāṇi cāhave। pitaraṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā kiṃ nu vakṣyāmi saṃsadi ॥10-3-23॥
[धारयित्वा (dhārayitvā) - having wielded; धनु: (dhanuḥ) - bow; दिव्यं (divyaṃ) - divine; दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine; अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons; च (ca) - and; अहवे (ahave) - in battle; पितरं (pitaraṃ) - father; निहतं (nihataṃ) - slain; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - shall I say; संसदि (saṃsadi) - in the assembly;]
(Having wielded the divine bow and divine weapons in battle, having seen my father slain, what indeed shall I say in the assembly?)
After wielding the divine bow and weapons in battle and witnessing my father's death, what can I possibly say in the assembly?
सोऽहमद्य यथाकामं क्षत्रधर्ममुपास्य तम्। गन्तास्मि पदवीं राज्ञः पितुश्चापि महाद्युतेः ॥१०-३-२४॥
so'hamadya yathākāmaṃ kṣatradharmamupāsya tam। gantāsmi padavīṃ rājñaḥ pituścāpi mahādyuteḥ ॥10-3-24॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अहम् (aham) - I; अद्य (adya) - today; यथा (yathā) - as; कामम् (kāmam) - desire; क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - warrior's duty; उपास्य (upāsya) - having observed; तम् (tam) - that; गन्तास्मि (gantāsmi) - I shall go; पदवीं (padavīṃ) - path; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; महाद्युतेः (mahādyuteḥ) - of the great resplendent one;]
(He, today, as per desire, having observed the warrior's duty, I shall go to the path of the king and also of the father, the great resplendent one.)
Today, I, having fulfilled my duty as a warrior as per my desire, shall follow the path of my father, the illustrious king.
अद्य स्वप्स्यन्ति पाञ्चाला विश्वस्ता जितकाशिनः। विमुक्तयुग्यकवचा हर्षेण च समन्विताः ॥ वयं जिता मताश्चैषां श्रान्ता व्यायमनेन च ॥१०-३-२५॥
adya svapsyanti pāñcālā viśvastā jitakāśinaḥ। vimuktayugyakavacā harṣeṇa ca samanvitāḥ ॥ vayaṃ jitā matāś caiṣāṃ śrāntā vyāyamanena ca ॥10-3-25॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; स्वप्स्यन्ति (svapsyanti) - will sleep; पाञ्चाला (pāñcālā) - the Panchalas; विश्वस्ता (viśvastā) - confident; जितकाशिनः (jitakāśinaḥ) - having conquered Kashi; विमुक्तयुग्यकवचा (vimuktayugyakavacā) - freed from harness and armor; हर्षेण (harṣeṇa) - with joy; च (ca) - and; समन्विताः (samanvitāḥ) - accompanied; वयम् (vayam) - we; जिता (jitā) - conquered; मताः (matāḥ) - considered; च (ca) - and; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; श्रान्ताः (śrāntāḥ) - tired; व्यायमनेन (vyāyamanena) - by exertion; च (ca) - and;]
(Today the Panchalas, confident and having conquered Kashi, will sleep, freed from harness and armor, and accompanied with joy. We are considered conquered by these and tired by exertion.)
Today, the Panchalas, confident after conquering Kashi, will rest, relieved from their armor and harness, and filled with joy. We are deemed defeated by them and are exhausted from the effort.
तेषां निशि प्रसुप्तानां स्वस्थानां शिबिरे स्वके। अवस्कन्दं करिष्यामि शिबिरस्याद्य दुष्करम् ॥१०-३-२६॥
teṣāṃ niśi prasuptānāṃ svasthānāṃ śibire svake। avaskandaṃ kariṣyāmi śibirasyādya duṣkaram ॥10-3-26॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; निशि (niśi) - at night; प्रसुप्तानां (prasuptānāṃ) - sleeping; स्वस्थानां (svasthānāṃ) - in their own places; शिबिरे (śibire) - in the camp; स्वके (svake) - own; अवस्कन्दं (avaskandaṃ) - attack; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do; शिबिरस्य (śibirasyā) - of the camp; द्य (adya) - today; दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult task;]
(Of them, at night, sleeping in their own places, in the camp, own, attack, I will do, of the camp, today, difficult task.)
"Tonight, while they are asleep in their own places within the camp, I will undertake the difficult task of attacking the camp."
तानवस्कन्द्य शिबिरे प्रेतभूतान्विचेतसः। सूदयिष्यामि विक्रम्य मघवानिव दानवान् ॥१०-३-२७॥
tānavaskandya śibire pretabhūtānvicetasaḥ। sūdayiṣyāmi vikramya maghavāniva dānavān ॥10-3-27॥
[तानवस्कन्द्य (tānavaskandya) - having jumped over them; शिबिरे (śibire) - in the camp; प्रेतभूतान् (pretabhūtān) - ghost-like beings; विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - unconscious; सूदयिष्यामि (sūdayiṣyāmi) - I will destroy; विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having attacked; मघवान् (maghavān) - Maghavan (Indra); इव (iva) - like; दानवान् (dānavān) - demons;]
(Having jumped over them, I will destroy the ghost-like unconscious beings in the camp, having attacked like Maghavan (Indra) the demons.)
I will leap over them and destroy the ghost-like unconscious beings in the camp, attacking them like Indra did with the demons.
अद्य तान्सहितान्सर्वान्धृष्टद्युम्नपुरोगमान्। सूदयिष्यामि विक्रम्य कक्षं दीप्त इवानलः ॥ निहत्य चैव पाञ्चालाञ्शान्तिं लब्धास्मि सत्तम ॥१०-३-२८॥
adya tān sahitān sarvān dhṛṣṭadyumna-purogamān। sūdayiṣyāmi vikramya kakṣaṃ dīpta ivānalaḥ॥ nihatya caiva pāñcālāñ śāntiṃ labdhāsmi sattama॥ 10-3-28॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; तान् (tān) - them; सहितान् (sahitān) - together; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; धृष्टद्युम्न (dhṛṣṭadyumna) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna; पुरोगमान् (purogamān) - led by; सूदयिष्यामि (sūdayiṣyāmi) - I will destroy; विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having advanced; कक्षम् (kakṣam) - the army; दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - blazing; इव (iva) - like; अनलः (analaḥ) - fire; निहत्य (nihatya) - having slain; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas; शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace; लब्धास्मि (labdhāsmi) - I will obtain; सत्तम (sattama) - O best one;]
(Today, I will destroy them all together, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, having advanced like a blazing fire upon the army. Having slain the Pāñcālas, I will certainly obtain peace, O best one.)
Today, I will advance like a blazing fire and destroy all of them together, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna. By slaying the Pāñcālas, I will surely find peace, O noble one.
पाञ्चालेषु चरिष्यामि सूदयन्नद्य संयुगे। पिनाकपाणिः सङ्क्रुद्धः स्वयं रुद्रः पशुष्विव ॥१०-३-२९॥
pāñcāleṣu cariṣyāmi sūdayannadya saṃyuge। pinākapāṇiḥ saṅkruddhaḥ svayaṃ rudraḥ paśuṣviva ॥10-3-29॥
[पाञ्चालेषु (pāñcāleṣu) - among the Panchalas; चरिष्यामि (cariṣyāmi) - I shall move; सूदयन् (sūdayan) - destroying; अद्य (adya) - today; संयुगे (saṃyuge) - in battle; पिनाकपाणिः (pinākapāṇiḥ) - the wielder of Pinaka; सङ्क्रुद्धः (saṅkruddhaḥ) - extremely angry; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; पशुषु (paśuṣu) - among the beasts; इव (iva) - like;]
(Among the Panchalas, I shall move today in battle, destroying, like Rudra himself, extremely angry, the wielder of Pinaka, among the beasts.)
"Today, I will move among the Panchalas in battle, destroying them like the angry Rudra himself, the wielder of Pinaka, among the beasts."
अद्याहं सर्वपाञ्चालान्निहत्य च निकृत्य च। अर्दयिष्यामि सङ्क्रुद्धो रणे पाण्डुसुतांस्तथा ॥१०-३-३०॥
adyāhaṃ sarvapāñcālānnihatya ca nikṛtya ca। ardayiṣyāmi saṅkruddho raṇe pāṇḍusutāṃstathā ॥10-3-30॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; अहम् (aham) - I; सर्व (sarva) - all; पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - Panchalas; निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed; च (ca) - and; निकृत्य (nikṛtya) - having destroyed; च (ca) - and; अर्दयिष्यामि (ardayiṣyāmi) - I will crush; सङ्क्रुद्धः (saṅkruddhaḥ) - angry; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; पाण्डुसुतान् (pāṇḍusutān) - sons of Pandu; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Today I, having killed and destroyed all the Panchalas, will crush the sons of Pandu in battle, being angry.)
Today, in my anger, I will annihilate all the Panchalas and then crush the sons of Pandu in battle.
अद्याहं सर्वपाञ्चालैः कृत्वा भूमिं शरीरिणीम्। प्रहृत्यैकैकशस्तेभ्यो भविष्याम्यनृणः पितुः ॥१०-३-३१॥
adyāhaṃ sarvapāñcālaiḥ kṛtvā bhūmiṃ śarīriṇīm। prahṛtyaikaikaśastebhyo bhaviṣyāmyanṛṇaḥ pituḥ ॥10-3-31॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; अहम् (aham) - I; सर्वपाञ्चालैः (sarvapāñcālaiḥ) - with all the Panchalas; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth; शरीरिणीम् (śarīriṇīm) - full of bodies; प्रहृत्य (prahṛtya) - having struck; एकैकशः (ekaikaśaḥ) - one by one; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from them; भविष्यामि (bhaviṣyāmi) - I shall become; अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - free from debt; पितुः (pituḥ) - to my father;]
(Today, having made the earth full of bodies with all the Panchalas, having struck them one by one, I shall become free from debt to my father.)
Today, I will fulfill my duty to my father by defeating all the Panchalas, making the earth full of their bodies, and thus be free from any obligation to him.
दुर्योधनस्य कर्णस्य भीष्मसैन्धवयोरपि। गमयिष्यामि पाञ्चालान्पदवीमद्य दुर्गमाम् ॥१०-३-३२॥
duryodhanasya karṇasya bhīṣmasaindhavayorapi। gamayiṣyāmi pāñcālānpadavīmadya durgamām ॥10-3-32॥
[दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; भीष्मसैन्धवयोः (bhīṣmasaindhavayoḥ) - of Bhishma and Saindhava; अपि (api) - also; गमयिष्यामि (gamayiṣyāmi) - I will lead; पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Panchalas; पदवीम् (padavīm) - path; अद्य (adya) - today; दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - difficult;]
(Of Duryodhana, Karna, Bhishma, and Saindhava also, I will lead the Panchalas on the difficult path today.)
Today, I will lead the Panchalas on the difficult path, even of Duryodhana, Karna, Bhishma, and Saindhava.
अद्य पाञ्चालराजस्य धृष्टद्युम्नस्य वै निशि। विरात्रे प्रमथिष्यामि पशोरिव शिरो बलात् ॥१०-३-३३॥
adya pāñcālarājasya dhṛṣṭadyumnasya vai niśi। virātre pramathiṣyāmi paśoriva śiro balāt ॥10-3-33॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; पाञ्चालराजस्य (pāñcālarājasya) - of the king of Panchala; धृष्टद्युम्नस्य (dhṛṣṭadyumnasya) - of Dhrishtadyumna; वै (vai) - indeed; निशि (niśi) - at night; विरात्रे (virātre) - in the night; प्रमथिष्यामि (pramathiṣyāmi) - I will destroy; पशोः (paśoḥ) - of the animal; इव (iva) - like; शिरः (śiraḥ) - head; बलात् (balāt) - by force;]
(Today, at night, I will destroy the head of Dhrishtadyumna, the king of Panchala, like that of an animal, by force.)
Tonight, I will forcibly destroy the head of Dhrishtadyumna, the king of Panchala, as one would slaughter an animal.
अद्य पाञ्चालपाण्डूनां शयितानात्मजान्निशि। खड्गेन निशितेनाजौ प्रमथिष्यामि गौतम ॥१०-३-३४॥
adya pāñcālapāṇḍūnāṃ śayitānātmajānniśi। khaḍgena niśitenājau pramathiṣyāmi gautama ॥10-3-34॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; पाञ्चालपाण्डूनाम् (pāñcālapāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāñcālas and Pāṇḍavas; शयितान् (śayitān) - sleeping; आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - sons; निशि (niśi) - at night; खड्गेन (khaḍgena) - with the sword; निशितेन (niśitena) - sharp; अजौ (ajau) - in battle; प्रमथिष्यामि (pramathiṣyāmi) - I will destroy; गौतम (gautama) - O Gautama;]
(Today, at night, I will destroy the sleeping sons of the Pāñcālas and Pāṇḍavas with a sharp sword in battle, O Gautama.)
"Today, at night, I will annihilate the sleeping sons of the Pāñcālas and Pāṇḍavas with a sharp sword in battle, O Gautama."
अद्य पाञ्चालसेनां तां निहत्य निशि सौप्तिके। कृतकृत्यः सुखी चैव भविष्यामि महामते ॥१०-३-३५॥
adya pāñcālasenāṃ tāṃ nihatya niśi sauptike। kṛtakṛtyaḥ sukhī caiva bhaviṣyāmi mahāmate ॥10-3-35॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; पाञ्चालसेनाम् (pāñcālasenām) - the Pāñcāla army; ताम् (tām) - that; निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed; निशि (niśi) - at night; सौप्तिके (sauptike) - in the night raid; कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - having accomplished my task; सुखी (sukhī) - happy; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भविष्यामि (bhaviṣyāmi) - I shall be; महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one;]
(Today, having killed the Pāñcāla army in the night raid, I shall be happy and having accomplished my task, O great-minded one.)
"Today, after defeating the Pāñcāla army in the night raid, I will be content and feel accomplished, O wise one."
