10.002
कृप उवाच॥
kṛpa uvāca॥
[कृप (kṛpa) - Kṛpa; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Kṛpa said:)
Kṛpa said:
श्रुतं ते वचनं सर्वं हेतुयुक्तं मया विभो। ममापि तु वचः किञ्चिच्छृणुष्वाद्य महाभुज ॥१०-२-१॥
śrutaṃ te vacanaṃ sarvaṃ hetuyuktaṃ mayā vibho। mamāpi tu vacaḥ kiñcicchṛṇuṣvādya mahābhuja ॥10-2-1॥
[श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard; ते (te) - your; वचनम् (vacanam) - speech; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; हेतुयुक्तम् (hetuyuktam) - reasonable; मया (mayā) - by me; विभो (vibho) - O lord; मम (mama) - my; अपि (api) - also; तु (tu) - but; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something; शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen; आद्य (ādya) - today; महाभुज (mahābhuja) - O mighty-armed;]
(Heard your speech, all reasonable, by me, O lord. My also but speech something listen today, O mighty-armed.)
I have heard all your reasonable speech, O lord. But please listen to something I have to say today, O mighty-armed one.
आबद्धा मानुषाः सर्वे निर्बन्धाः कर्मणोर्द्वयोः। दैवे पुरुषकारे च परं ताभ्यां न विद्यते ॥१०-२-२॥
ābaddhā mānuṣāḥ sarve nirbandhāḥ karmaṇordvayoḥ। daive puruṣakāre ca paraṃ tābhyāṃ na vidyate ॥10-2-2॥
[आबद्धाः (ābaddhāḥ) - bound; मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - humans; सर्वे (sarve) - all; निर्बन्धाः (nirbandhāḥ) - constraints; कर्मणोः (karmaṇoḥ) - of actions; द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of two; दैवे (daive) - in divine; पुरुषकारे (puruṣakāre) - in human effort; च (ca) - and; परम् (param) - beyond; ताभ्यां (tābhyāṃ) - than those two; न (na) - not; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists;]
(All humans are bound by the constraints of two actions: divine and human effort; beyond these two, nothing exists.)
All humans are bound by the constraints of divine will and human effort; beyond these two, nothing exists.
न हि दैवेन सिध्यन्ति कर्माण्येकेन सत्तम। न चापि कर्मणैकेन द्वाभ्यां सिद्धिस्तु योगतः ॥१०-२-३॥
na hi daivena sidhyanti karmāṇyekena sattama। na cāpi karmaṇaikena dvābhyāṁ siddhistu yogataḥ ॥10-2-3॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; दैवेन (daivena) - by fate; सिध्यन्ति (sidhyanti) - accomplish; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; एकेन (ekena) - by one; सत्तम (sattama) - O best one; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; एकेन (ekena) - by one; द्वाभ्यां (dvābhyāṁ) - by two; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success; तु (tu) - but; योगतः (yogataḥ) - by union;]
(Actions are not accomplished by fate alone, O best one; nor by action alone, but success is by union.)
O best one, actions are not accomplished by fate alone, nor by action alone; success comes through the union of both.
ताभ्यामुभाभ्यां सर्वार्था निबद्धा ह्यधमोत्तमाः। प्रवृत्ताश्चैव दृश्यन्ते निवृत्ताश्चैव सर्वशः ॥१०-२-४॥
tābhyāmubhābhyāṃ sarvārthā nibaddhā hyadhamottamāḥ। pravṛttāścaiva dṛśyante nivṛttāścaiva sarvaśaḥ ॥10-2-4॥
[ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - by those two; उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both; सर्वार्थाः (sarvārthāḥ) - all purposes; निबद्धाः (nibaddhāḥ) - bound; हि (hi) - indeed; अधम (adhama) - lowest; उत्तमाः (uttamāḥ) - highest; प्रवृत्ताः (pravṛttāḥ) - engaged; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - withdrawn; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely;]
(By those two, by both, all purposes, lowest and highest, are indeed bound. Engaged and certainly seen, withdrawn and certainly entirely.)
By those two, both the lowest and highest purposes are bound. They are seen to be engaged and certainly withdrawn entirely.
पर्जन्यः पर्वते वर्षन्किं नु साधयते फलम्। कृष्टे क्षेत्रे तथावर्षन्किं नु साधयते फलम् ॥१०-२-५॥
parjanyaḥ parvate varṣan kiṃ nu sādhayate phalam। kṛṣṭe kṣetre tathā varṣan kiṃ nu sādhayate phalam ॥10-2-5॥
[पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - rain; पर्वते (parvate) - on the mountain; वर्षन् (varṣan) - raining; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; साधयते (sādhayate) - accomplishes; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; कृष्टे (kṛṣṭe) - ploughed; क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - field; तथा (tathā) - similarly; वर्षन् (varṣan) - raining; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; साधयते (sādhayate) - accomplishes; फलम् (phalam) - fruit;]
(The rain on the mountain, what indeed does it accomplish as fruit? Similarly, in the ploughed field, what indeed does it accomplish as fruit?)
The rain falling on the mountain, what result does it achieve? Similarly, what result does it achieve when it rains on a ploughed field?
उत्थानं चाप्यदैवस्य ह्यनुत्थानस्य दैवतम्। व्यर्थं भवति सर्वत्र पूर्वं कस्तत्र निश्चयः ॥१०-२-६॥
utthānaṃ cāpyadaivasya hyanutthānasya daivatam। vyarthaṃ bhavati sarvatra pūrvaṃ kastatra niścayaḥ ॥10-2-6॥
[उत्थानम् (utthānam) - effort; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अदैवस्य (adaivasya) - of misfortune; हि (hi) - indeed; अनुत्थानस्य (anutthānasya) - of non-effort; दैवतम् (daivatam) - fate; व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; कः (kaḥ) - what; तत्र (tatra) - there; निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty;]
(Effort and also of misfortune, indeed, of non-effort, fate becomes useless everywhere; what certainty is there before that?)
Effort and misfortune, indeed, when there is no effort, fate becomes useless everywhere; what certainty is there before that?
प्रवृष्टे च यथा देवे सम्यक्क्षेत्रे च कर्षिते। बीजं महागुणं भूयात्तथा सिद्धिर्हि मानुषी ॥१०-२-७॥
pravṛṣṭe ca yathā deve samyak kṣetre ca karṣite। bījaṃ mahāguṇaṃ bhūyāt tathā siddhir hi mānuṣī ॥10-2-7॥
[प्रवृष्टे (pravṛṣṭe) - when it has rained; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - just as; देवे (deve) - in the sky; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in the field; च (ca) - and; कर्षिते (karṣite) - ploughed; बीजं (bījaṃ) - seed; महागुणं (mahāguṇaṃ) - of great quality; भूयात् (bhūyāt) - becomes; तथा (tathā) - so; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success; हि (hi) - indeed; मानुषी (mānuṣī) - human;]
(When it has rained and the field is properly ploughed, the seed of great quality becomes so; indeed, human success.)
Just as when it rains and the field is properly ploughed, the seed of great quality grows well, so does human success flourish under the right conditions.
तयोर्दैवं विनिश्चित्य स्ववशेनैव वर्तते। प्राज्ञाः पुरुषकारं तु घटन्ते दाक्ष्यमास्थिताः ॥१०-२-८॥
tayordaivaṁ viniścitya svavaśenaiva vartate। prājñāḥ puruṣakāraṁ tu ghaṭante dākṣyamāsthitāḥ ॥10-2-8॥
[तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two; दैवं (daivam) - fate; विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having determined; स्ववशेन (svavaśena) - by one's own control; एव (eva) - indeed; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise ones; पुरुषकारं (puruṣakāram) - effort; तु (tu) - but; घटन्ते (ghaṭante) - engage; दाक्ष्यम् (dākṣyam) - skill; आस्थिताः (āsthitāḥ) - having assumed;]
(Having determined the fate of those two, it indeed exists by one's own control. But the wise ones engage in effort, having assumed skill.)
After determining the fate of those two, it is indeed under one's own control. However, the wise engage in effort, relying on their skill.
ताभ्यां सर्वे हि कार्यार्था मनुष्याणां नरर्षभ। विचेष्टन्तश्च दृश्यन्ते निवृत्ताश्च तथैव हि ॥१०-२-९॥
tābhyāṃ sarve hi kāryārthā manuṣyāṇāṃ nararṣabha। viceṣṭantaśca dṛśyante nivṛttāśca tathaiva hi ॥10-2-9॥
[ताभ्यां (tābhyām) - by those two; सर्वे (sarve) - all; हि (hi) - indeed; कार्यार्था (kāryārthā) - for the purpose of actions; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men; विचेष्टन्तः (viceṣṭantaḥ) - acting; च (ca) - and; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; निवृत्ताः (nivṛttāḥ) - withdrawn; च (ca) - and; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; हि (hi) - indeed;]
(By those two, all indeed, for the purpose of actions of men, O best of men, are seen acting and withdrawn in the same way indeed.)
O best of men, indeed all men are seen to act or withdraw for the sake of their duties, just like those two.
कृतः पुरुषकारः सन्सोऽपि दैवेन सिध्यति। तथास्य कर्मणः कर्तुरभिनिर्वर्तते फलम् ॥१०-२-१०॥
kṛtaḥ puruṣakāraḥ sanso'pi daivena sidhyati। tathāsya karmaṇaḥ karturabhinirvartate phalam ॥10-2-10॥
[कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done; पुरुषकारः (puruṣakāraḥ) - effort; सन (san) - being; सः (saḥ) - he; अपि (api) - also; दैवेन (daivena) - by fate; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds; तथा (tathā) - thus; अस्य (asya) - his; कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action; कर्तुः (kartuḥ) - of the doer; अभिनिर्वर्तते (abhinirvartate) - results; फलम् (phalam) - fruit;]
(The effort made by a person, even if it is there, succeeds by fate. Thus, the fruit of the action of the doer results.)
Even when a person makes an effort, its success is determined by fate. Thus, the outcome of one's actions is ultimately shaped by destiny.
उत्थानं तु मनुष्याणां दक्षाणां दैववर्जितम्। अफलं दृश्यते लोके सम्यगप्युपपादितम् ॥१०-२-११॥
utthānaṃ tu manuṣyāṇāṃ dakṣāṇāṃ daivavarjitam। aphalaṃ dṛśyate loke samyagapyupapāditam ॥10-2-11॥
[उत्थानम् (utthānam) - effort; तु (tu) - but; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; दक्षाणाम् (dakṣāṇām) - of the skillful; दैववर्जितम् (daivavarjitam) - devoid of divine influence; अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; लोके (loke) - in the world; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; अपि (api) - even; उपपादितम् (upapāditam) - executed;]
(Effort of men, but of the skillful, devoid of divine influence, is seen as fruitless in the world, even if properly executed.)
The efforts of skillful men, when devoid of divine influence, are seen as fruitless in the world, even if they are properly executed.
तत्रालसा मनुष्याणां ये भवन्त्यमनस्विनः। उत्थानं ते विगर्हन्ति प्राज्ञानां तन्न रोचते ॥१०-२-१२॥
tatrālasā manuṣyāṇāṃ ye bhavantyamanasvinaḥ। utthānaṃ te vigarhanti prājñānāṃ tanna rocate ॥10-2-12॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; आलसाः (ālasāḥ) - lazy; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; ये (ye) - who; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are; अमनस्विनः (amanasvinaḥ) - weak-minded; उत्थानम् (utthānam) - effort; ते (te) - they; विगर्हन्ति (vigarhanti) - criticize; प्राज्ञानाम् (prājñānām) - of the wise; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; रोचते (rocate) - pleases;]
(There, lazy men who are weak-minded criticize effort; that does not please the wise.)
In that place, lazy and weak-minded people criticize efforts, which does not please the wise.
प्रायशो हि कृतं कर्म अफलं दृश्यते भुवि। अकृत्वा च पुनर्दुःखं कर्म दृश्येन्महाफलम् ॥१०-२-१३॥
prāyaśo hi kṛtaṃ karma aphalaṃ dṛśyate bhuvi। akṛtvā ca punarduḥkhaṃ karma dṛśyenmahāphalam ॥10-2-13॥
[प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally; हि (hi) - indeed; कृतम् (kṛtam) - done; कर्म (karma) - action; अफलम् (aphalam) - fruitless; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing; च (ca) - and; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering; कर्म (karma) - action; दृश्येत् (dṛśyet) - may be seen; महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - great result;]
(Generally, indeed, the action done is seen as fruitless on earth. Without doing, again, the action may be seen as having a great result.)
Generally, actions performed are often seen as fruitless on earth, while not performing them may sometimes lead to great results.
चेष्टामकुर्वँल्लभते यदि किञ्चिद्यदृच्छया। यो वा न लभते कृत्वा दुर्दशौ तावुभावपि ॥१०-२-१४॥
ceṣṭāmakurvaṁllabhate yadi kiñcidyadṛcchayā। yo vā na labhate kṛtvā durdaśau tāvubhāvapi ॥10-2-14॥
[चेष्टाम् (ceṣṭām) - effort; अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - not making; लभते (labhate) - obtains; यदि (yadi) - if; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something; यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance; यः (yaḥ) - who; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; लभते (labhate) - obtains; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; दुर्दशौ (durdaśau) - misery; तौ (tau) - those two; उभौ (ubhau) - both; अपि (api) - also;]
(If one does not make an effort and obtains something by chance, or if one does not obtain after making an effort, both those situations are miserable.)
Whether one gains something by chance without effort or fails to gain despite effort, both situations are unfortunate.
शक्नोति जीवितुं दक्षो नालसः सुखमेधते। दृश्यन्ते जीवलोकेऽस्मिन्दक्षाः प्रायो हितैषिणः ॥१०-२-१५॥
śaknoti jīvituṃ dakṣo nālasaḥ sukhamedhate। dṛśyante jīvaloke'smindakṣāḥ prāyo hitaiṣiṇaḥ ॥10-2-15॥
[शक्नोति (śaknoti) - is able; जीवितुं (jīvituṃ) - to live; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - a skilled person; न (na) - not; आलसः (ālasaḥ) - lazy; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; एधते (edhate) - grows; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; जीवलोके (jīvaloke) - in the world of living beings; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; दक्षाः (dakṣāḥ) - skilled persons; प्रायः (prāyaḥ) - mostly; हितैषिणः (hitaiṣiṇaḥ) - well-wishers;]
(A skilled person who is not lazy is able to live; happiness grows. In this world of living beings, skilled persons are mostly well-wishers.)
A skilled and diligent person can sustain life and find happiness. In this world, skilled individuals are generally well-wishers.
यदि दक्षः समारम्भात्कर्मणां नाश्नुते फलम्। नास्य वाच्यं भवेत्किञ्चित्तत्त्वं चाप्यधिगच्छति ॥१०-२-१६॥
yadi dakṣaḥ samārambhāt karmaṇāṃ nāśnute phalam। nāsya vācyaṃ bhavet kiñcit tattvaṃ cāpy adhigacchati ॥10-2-16॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - skilled; समारम्भात् (samārambhāt) - from the beginning; कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions; न (na) - not; अश्नुते (aśnute) - enjoys; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - his; वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be spoken; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - truth; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains;]
(If a skilled person does not enjoy the fruit of actions from the beginning, nothing should be spoken of him, and he also attains the truth.)
If a skilled person does not enjoy the fruits of his actions from the start, nothing should be said about him, and he also attains the truth.
अकृत्वा कर्म यो लोके फलं विन्दति विष्टितः। स तु वक्तव्यतां याति द्वेष्यो भवति प्रायशः ॥१०-२-१७॥
akṛtvā karma yo loke phalaṃ vindati viṣṭitaḥ। sa tu vaktavyatāṃ yāti dveṣyo bhavati prāyaśaḥ ॥10-2-17॥
[अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing; कर्म (karma) - action; यः (yaḥ) - who; लोके (loke) - in the world; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; विन्दति (vindati) - obtains; विष्टितः (viṣṭitaḥ) - established; सः (saḥ) - he; तु (tu) - but; वक्तव्यताम् (vaktavyatām) - censure; याति (yāti) - attains; द्वेष्यः (dveṣyaḥ) - hateful; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally;]
(Without doing action, one who obtains the fruit in the world, being established, he but attains censure, becomes hateful generally.)
In the world, one who gains rewards without performing actions is often criticized and becomes generally disliked.
एवमेतदनादृत्य वर्तते यस्त्वतोऽन्यथा। स करोत्यात्मनोऽनर्थान्नैष बुद्धिमतां नयः ॥१०-२-१८॥
evametadanādṛtya vartate yastvato'nyathā। sa karotyātmano'narthānnaiṣa buddhimatāṃ nayaḥ ॥10-2-18॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding; वर्तते (vartate) - acts; यः (yaḥ) - who; त्वतः (tvataḥ) - from you; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; सः (saḥ) - he; करोति (karoti) - does; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - to himself; अनर्थान् (anarthān) - harm; न (na) - not; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; बुद्धिमताम् (buddhimatām) - of the wise; नयः (nayaḥ) - conduct;]
(Thus, disregarding this, he who acts otherwise than you, brings harm to himself; this is not the conduct of the wise.)
Thus, one who disregards this and acts contrary to your guidance brings harm upon himself; this is not the way of the wise.
हीनं पुरुषकारेण यदा दैवेन वा पुनः। कारणाभ्यामथैताभ्यामुत्थानमफलं भवेत् ॥ हीनं पुरुषकारेण कर्म त्विह न सिध्यति ॥१०-२-१९॥
hīnaṃ puruṣakāreṇa yadā daivena vā punaḥ। kāraṇābhyām athaitābhyām utthānam aphalaṃ bhavet ॥ hīnaṃ puruṣakāreṇa karma tviha na sidhyati ॥10-2-19॥
[हीनं (hīnaṃ) - lacking; पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort; यदा (yadā) - when; दैवेन (daivena) - by fate; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; कारणाभ्याम् (kāraṇābhyām) - by two causes; अथ (atha) - then; एताभ्याम् (etābhyām) - by these two; उत्थानम् (utthānam) - effort; अफलं (aphalaṃ) - fruitless; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; हीनं (hīnaṃ) - lacking; पुरुषकारेण (puruṣakāreṇa) - by human effort; कर्म (karma) - action; त्विह (tviha) - here; न (na) - not; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds;]
(When lacking in human effort or by fate again, by two causes or by these two, effort becomes fruitless. Here, action lacking in human effort does not succeed.)
When there is a lack of human effort or when fate intervenes again, due to these two causes, efforts become fruitless. Here, actions that lack human effort do not succeed.
दैवतेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य यस्त्वर्थान्सम्यगीहते। दक्षो दाक्षिण्यसम्पन्नो न स मोघं विहन्यते ॥१०-२-२०॥
daivatebhyo namaskṛtya yastvarthānsamyagīhate। dakṣo dākṣiṇyasampanno na sa moghaṃ vihanyate ॥10-2-20॥
[दैवतेभ्यः (daivatebhyaḥ) - to the deities; नमस्कृत्य (namaskṛtya) - having saluted; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - indeed; अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; ईहते (īhate) - strives; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - skillful; दाक्षिण्यसम्पन्नः (dākṣiṇyasampannaḥ) - endowed with courtesy; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; मोघम् (mogham) - in vain; विहन्यते (vihanyate) - is thwarted;]
(Having saluted the deities, he who indeed strives for purposes properly, skillful and endowed with courtesy, he is not thwarted in vain.)
After saluting the deities, one who earnestly pursues his goals with skill and courtesy will not be thwarted in vain.
सम्यगीहा पुनरियं यो वृद्धानुपसेवते। आपृच्छति च यच्छ्रेयः करोति च हितं वचः ॥१०-२-२१॥
samyagīhā punariyaṃ yo vṛddhānupasevate। āpṛcchati ca yacchreyaḥ karoti ca hitaṃ vacaḥ ॥10-2-21॥
[सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; ईहा (īhā) - effort; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; इयम् (iyam) - this; यः (yaḥ) - who; वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders; उपसेवते (upasevate) - serves; आपृच्छति (āpṛcchati) - asks; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - what; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good; करोति (karoti) - does; च (ca) - and; हितम् (hitam) - beneficial; वचः (vacaḥ) - words;]
(Proper effort again this who serves elders, asks and what good does and beneficial words.)
This person, who properly serves the elders, asks what is good, and speaks beneficial words, makes a proper effort again.
उत्थायोत्थाय हि सदा प्रष्टव्या वृद्धसंमताः। तेऽस्य योगे परं मूलं तन्मूला सिद्धिरुच्यते ॥१०-२-२२॥
utthāyotthāya hi sadā praṣṭavyā vṛddhasaṁmatāḥ। te'sya yoge paraṁ mūlaṁ tanmūlā siddhirucyate ॥10-2-22॥
[उत्थायोत्थाय (utthāyotthāya) - rising repeatedly; हि (hi) - indeed; सदा (sadā) - always; प्रष्टव्या (praṣṭavyā) - to be asked; वृद्धसंमताः (vṛddhasaṁmatāḥ) - respected elders; ते (te) - they; अस्य (asya) - of this; योगे (yoge) - in practice; परं (paraṁ) - supreme; मूलं (mūlaṁ) - root; तन्मूला (tanmūlā) - rooted in that; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]
(Rising repeatedly, indeed, always ask the respected elders; they are the supreme root of this practice, and success is said to be rooted in that.)
One should always rise repeatedly and ask the respected elders, as they are considered the supreme foundation of this practice, and success is said to be rooted in their guidance.
वृद्धानां वचनं श्रुत्वा यो ह्युत्थानं प्रयोजयेत्। उत्थानस्य फलं सम्यक्तदा स लभतेऽचिरात् ॥१०-२-२३॥
vṛddhānāṃ vacanaṃ śrutvā yo hyutthānaṃ prayojayet। utthānasya phalaṃ samyaktadā sa labhate'cirāt ॥10-2-23॥
[वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; यः (yaḥ) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; उत्थानम् (utthānam) - effort; प्रयोजयेत् (prayojayet) - initiates; उत्थानस्य (utthānasya) - of effort; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; तदा (tadā) - then; सः (saḥ) - he; लभते (labhate) - obtains; अचिरात् (acirāt) - soon;]
(Having heard the words of the elders, he who indeed initiates effort, then he properly obtains the fruit of effort soon.)
After listening to the advice of the elders, one who truly makes an effort will soon receive the proper rewards of that effort.
रागात्क्रोधाद्भयाल्लोभाद्योऽर्थानीहेत मानवः। अनीशश्चावमानी च स शीघ्रं भ्रश्यते श्रियः ॥१०-२-२४॥
rāgātkrodhādbhāyāllobhādyo'rthānīheta mānavaḥ। anīśaścāvamānī ca sa śīghraṃ bhraśyate śriyaḥ ॥10-2-24॥
[रागात् (rāgāt) - from attachment; क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; यः (yaḥ) - who; अर्थान् (arthān) - wealth; ईहेत (īheta) - desires; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a man; अनीशः (anīśaḥ) - powerless; च (ca) - and; अवमानी (avamānī) - disrespectful; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly; भ्रश्यते (bhraśyate) - falls; श्रियः (śriyaḥ) - from prosperity;]
(A man who desires wealth out of attachment, anger, fear, and greed, being powerless and disrespectful, quickly falls from prosperity.)
A man driven by attachment, anger, fear, and greed in his pursuit of wealth, who is powerless and disrespectful, quickly loses his prosperity.
सोऽयं दुर्योधनेनार्थो लुब्धेनादीर्घदर्शिना। असमर्थ्य समारब्धो मूढत्वादविचिन्तितः ॥१०-२-२५॥
so'yaṁ duryodhanenārtho lubdhenādīrghadarśinā। asamarthya samārabdho mūḍhatvādavicintitaḥ ॥10-2-25॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अयम् (ayam) - this; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose; लुब्धेन (lubdhena) - by the greedy one; अदीर्घदर्शिना (adīrghadarśinā) - short-sighted; असमर्थ्य (asamarthya) - without capability; समारब्धः (samārabdhaḥ) - initiated; मूढत्वात् (mūḍhatvāt) - due to foolishness; अविचिन्तितः (avicintitaḥ) - unconsidered;]
(This purpose, initiated by the greedy and short-sighted Duryodhana, was undertaken without capability and unconsidered due to foolishness.)
This plan, initiated by the greedy and short-sighted Duryodhana, was undertaken without capability and was unconsidered due to his foolishness.
हितबुद्धीननादृत्य संमन्त्र्यासाधुभिः सह। वार्यमाणोऽकरोद्वैरं पाण्डवैर्गुणवत्तरैः ॥१०-२-२६॥
hitabuddhīnanādṛtya saṁmantryāsādubhiḥ saha। vāryamāṇo'karodvairaṁ pāṇḍavairguṇavattaraiḥ ॥10-2-26॥
[हित (hita) - beneficial; बुद्धीन् (buddhīn) - advice; अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding; संमन्त्र्य (saṁmantrya) - after consulting; असाधुभिः (asādubhiḥ) - with wicked; सह (saha) - together; वार्यमाणः (vāryamāṇaḥ) - being restrained; अकरोत् (akarot) - did; वैरम् (vairam) - enmity; पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with Pandavas; गुणवत्तरैः (guṇavattaraiḥ) - more virtuous;]
(Disregarding beneficial advice, after consulting with the wicked together, being restrained, he did enmity with the more virtuous Pandavas.)
Ignoring the wise counsel, and after consulting with the wicked, he engaged in hostility with the more virtuous Pandavas, despite being advised against it.
पूर्वमप्यतिदुःशीलो न दैन्यं कर्तुमर्हति। तपत्यर्थे विपन्ने हि मित्राणामकृतं वचः ॥१०-२-२७॥
pūrvamapyatiduḥśīlo na dainyaṃ kartumarhati। tapatyarthe vipanne hi mitrāṇāmakṛtaṃ vacaḥ ॥10-2-27॥
[पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously; अपि (api) - also; अति (ati) - very; दुःशीलः (duḥśīlaḥ) - wicked; न (na) - not; दैन्यम् (dainyam) - misery; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves; तपत्यर्थे (tapatyarthe) - for the sake of the afflicted; विपन्ने (vipanne) - in distress; हि (hi) - indeed; मित्राणाम् (mitrāṇām) - of friends; अकृतम् (akṛtam) - unheeded; वचः (vacaḥ) - words;]
(Even a very wicked person does not deserve to be miserable. Indeed, in distress, the words of friends go unheeded.)
Even someone who has been very wicked should not be subjected to misery. In times of distress, the advice of friends often goes unheeded.
अन्वावर्तामहि वयं यत्तु तं पापपूरुषम्। अस्मानप्यनयस्तस्मात्प्राप्तोऽयं दारुणो महान् ॥१०-२-२८॥
anvāvartāmahi vayaṃ yattu taṃ pāpapūruṣam। asmān apy anayas tasmāt prāpto'yaṃ dāruṇo mahān ॥10-2-28॥
[अन्वावर्तामहि (anvāvartāmahi) - we followed; वयम् (vayam) - we; यत् (yat) - which; तु (tu) - but; तम् (tam) - that; पाप (pāpa) - sinful; पूरुषम् (pūruṣam) - man; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; अपि (api) - also; अनयः (anayaḥ) - misfortune; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; अयम् (ayam) - this; दारुणः (dāruṇaḥ) - terrible; महान् (mahān) - great;]
(We followed that sinful man, therefore this great misfortune has also befallen us.)
We followed that sinful man, and as a result, this great and terrible misfortune has also come upon us.
अनेन तु ममाद्यापि व्यसनेनोपतापिता। बुद्धिश्चिन्तयतः किञ्चित्स्वं श्रेयो नावबुध्यते ॥१०-२-२९॥
anena tu mamādyāpi vyasanenopatāpitā। buddhiścintayataḥ kiñcitsvaṃ śreyo nāvabudhyate ॥10-2-29॥
[अनेन (anena) - by this; तु (tu) - but; मम (mama) - my; अद्य (adya) - today; अपि (api) - also; व्यासनेन (vyasanena) - by distress; उपतापिता (upatāpitā) - afflicted; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - of thinking; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something; स्वम् (svam) - own; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good; न (na) - not; अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - understands;]
(By this, even today, my intellect, afflicted by distress, while thinking, does not understand its own good.)
Even today, my mind, troubled by distress, fails to comprehend its own welfare while pondering.
मुह्यता तु मनुष्येण प्रष्टव्याः सुहृदो बुधाः। ते च पृष्टा यथा ब्रूयुस्तत्कर्तव्यं तथा भवेत् ॥१०-२-३०॥
muhyatā tu manuṣyeṇa praṣṭavyāḥ suhṛdo budhāḥ। te ca pṛṣṭā yathā brūyustatkartavyaṃ tathā bhavet ॥10-2-30॥
[मुह्यता (muhyatā) - by one who is confused; तु (tu) - but; मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a person; प्रष्टव्याः (praṣṭavyāḥ) - should be asked; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; बुधाः (budhāḥ) - wise; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; पृष्टाः (pṛṣṭāḥ) - being asked; यथा (yathā) - as; ब्रूयुः (brūyuḥ) - they should speak; तत् (tat) - that; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should be done; तथा (tathā) - so; भवेत् (bhavet) - it should be.;]
(By one who is confused, wise friends should be asked by a person; and they, being asked, should speak as it should be done so it should be.)
When a person is confused, they should ask wise friends. Those friends, when asked, should advise what should be done, and it should be followed accordingly.
ते वयं धृतराष्ट्रं च गान्धारीं च समेत्य ह। उपपृच्छामहे गत्वा विदुरं च महामतिम् ॥१०-२-३१॥
te vayaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ ca gāndhārīṁ ca sametya ha। upapṛcchāmahe gatvā viduraṁ ca mahāmatim ॥10-2-31॥
[ते (te) - they; वयम् (vayam) - we; धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhritarashtra; च (ca) - and; गान्धारीम् (gāndhārīm) - Gandhari; च (ca) - and; समेत्य (sametya) - having met; ह (ha) - indeed; उपपृच्छामहे (upapṛcchāmahe) - we shall ask; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura; च (ca) - and; महामतिम् (mahāmatim) - the wise one;]
(They, having met Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, indeed, we shall ask, having gone to Vidura, the wise one.)
We shall go to Vidura, the wise one, and after meeting Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, we will inquire from him.
ते पृष्टाश्च वदेयुर्यच्छ्रेयो नः समनन्तरम्। तदस्माभिः पुनः कार्यमिति मे नैष्ठिकी मतिः ॥१०-२-३२॥
te pṛṣṭāśca vadeyuryacchreyo naḥ samanantaram। tadasmābhiḥ punaḥ kāryamiti me naiṣṭhikī matiḥ ॥10-2-32॥
[ते (te) - they; पृष्टाः (pṛṣṭāḥ) - asked; च (ca) - and; वदेयुः (vadeyuḥ) - would say; यत् (yat) - which; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better; नः (naḥ) - for us; समनन्तरम् (samanantaram) - immediately; तत् (tat) - that; अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; कार्यं (kāryam) - to be done; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; नैष्ठिकी (naiṣṭhikī) - firm; मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion;]
(They, when asked, would say what is better for us immediately. That should be done by us again, thus is my firm opinion.)
When asked, they would immediately suggest what is best for us. It is my firm opinion that we should act upon it again.
अनारम्भात्तु कार्याणां नार्थः सम्पद्यते क्वचित्। कृते पुरुषकारे च येषां कार्यं न सिध्यति ॥ दैवेनोपहतास्ते तु नात्र कार्या विचारणा ॥१०-२-३३॥
anārambhāttu kāryāṇāṃ nārthaḥ sampadyate kvacit। kṛte puruṣakāre ca yeṣāṃ kāryaṃ na sidhyati ॥ daivenopahatāste tu nātra kāryā vicāraṇā ॥10-2-33॥
[अनारम्भात् (anārambhāt) - from non-commencement; तु (tu) - but; कार्याणां (kāryāṇāṃ) - of actions; न (na) - not; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose; सम्पद्यते (sampadyate) - is achieved; क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere; कृते (kṛte) - when done; पुरुषकारे (puruṣakāre) - by human effort; च (ca) - and; येषां (yeṣāṃ) - whose; कार्यं (kāryaṃ) - action; न (na) - not; सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds; दैवेन (daivena) - by fate; उपहताः (upahatāḥ) - obstructed; ते (te) - they; तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; कार्या (kāryā) - to be considered; विचारणा (vicāraṇā) - deliberation;]
(From non-commencement of actions, no purpose is achieved anywhere. When done by human effort, if their action does not succeed, they are obstructed by fate, but here deliberation is not to be considered.)
Without starting actions, no purpose is ever achieved. Even when efforts are made, if the actions do not succeed, it is due to fate, and deliberation is not necessary here.
