12.013
सहदेव उवाच॥
sahadeva uvāca॥
[सहदेव (sahadeva) - Sahadeva; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Sahadeva said;)
Sahadeva said:
न बाह्यं द्रव्यमुत्सृज्य सिद्धिर्भवति भारत। शारीरं द्रव्यमुत्सृज्य सिद्धिर्भवति वा न वा ॥१२-१३-१॥
na bāhyaṃ dravyam utsṛjya siddhir bhavati bhārata। śārīraṃ dravyam utsṛjya siddhir bhavati vā na vā ॥12-13-1॥
[न (na) - not; बाह्यं (bāhyaṃ) - external; द्रव्यं (dravyam) - substance; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - perfection; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; शारीरं (śārīraṃ) - bodily; द्रव्यं (dravyam) - substance; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - perfection; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or;]
(Not by abandoning external substance does perfection arise, O Bhārata. By abandoning bodily substance, does perfection arise or not, or not.)
O Bhārata, perfection is not attained by merely giving up external objects. Whether perfection is attained by giving up the body or not, that is the question.
बाह्यद्रव्यविमुक्तस्य शारीरेषु च गृध्यतः। यो धर्मो यत्सुखं वा स्याद्द्विषतां तत्तथास्तु नः ॥१२-१३-२॥
bāhyadravyavimuktasya śārīreṣu ca gṛdhyataḥ। yo dharmo yat sukhaṃ vā syād dviṣatāṃ tat tathāstu naḥ॥12-13-2॥
[बाह्य (bāhya) - external; द्रव्य (dravya) - substance; विमुक्तस्य (vimuktasya) - of one who is free from; शारीरेषु (śārīreṣu) - in bodies; च (ca) - and; गृध्यतः (gṛdhyataḥ) - of one who is attached; यः (yaḥ) - which; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; यत् (yat) - which; सुखं (sukham) - happiness; वा (vā) - or; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies; तत् (tat) - that; तथा (tathā) - so; अस्तु (astu) - let it be; नः (naḥ) - for us;]
(Of one who is free from external substances, and of one who is attached to bodies; whatever duty or happiness may be for enemies, let that be so for us.)
May whatever duty or happiness that exists for our enemies, for those who are free from external possessions and those attached to bodies, be the same for us.
शारीरं द्रव्यमुत्सृज्य पृथिवीमनुशासतः। यो धर्मो यत्सुखं वा स्यात्सुहृदां तत्तथास्तु नः ॥१२-१३-३॥
śārīraṃ dravyam utsṛjya pṛthivīm anuśāsataḥ। yo dharmo yat sukhaṃ vā syāt suhṛdāṃ tat tathāstu naḥ॥12-13-3॥
[शारीरं (śārīram) - bodily; द्रव्यं (dravyam) - substance; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth; अनुशासतः (anuśāsataḥ) - of one who governs; यः (yaḥ) - who; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; यत् (yat) - whatever; सुखं (sukham) - happiness; वा (vā) - or; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; सुहृदां (suhṛdām) - of friends; तत् (tat) - that; तथा (tathā) - thus; अस्तु (astu) - let it be; नः (naḥ) - for us;]
(Having abandoned bodily substance, of one who governs the earth, whatever righteousness or happiness may be for friends, let that thus be for us.)
Having renounced bodily possessions, for the ruler of the earth, may whatever righteousness or happiness exists for friends, let that be so for us.
द्व्यक्षरस्तु भवेन्मृत्युस्त्र्यक्षरं ब्रह्म शाश्वतम्। ममेति च भवेन्मृत्युर्न ममेति च शाश्वतम् ॥१२-१३-४॥
dvy-akṣaras tu bhaven mṛtyus try-akṣaraṃ brahma śāśvatam। mameti ca bhaven mṛtyur na mameti ca śāśvatam ॥12-13-4॥
[द्वि (dvi) - two; अक्षरः (akṣaraḥ) - syllables; तु (tu) - but; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; त्रि (tri) - three; अक्षरम् (akṣaram) - syllables; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal; मम (mama) - mine; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; न (na) - not; मम (mama) - mine; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal;]
(But the two-syllabled (word) becomes death; the three-syllabled (word) is the eternal Brahman. "Mine" thus becomes death, and "not mine" thus is eternal.)
The word with two syllables leads to death, but the word with three syllables is eternal Brahman. Saying "mine" leads to death, while saying "not mine" leads to the eternal.
ब्रह्ममृत्यू च तौ राजन्नात्मन्येव समाश्रितौ। अदृश्यमानौ भूतानि योधयेतामसंशयम् ॥१२-१३-५॥
brahmamṛtyū ca tau rājannātmanyeva samāśritau| adṛśyamānau bhūtāni yodhayetāmasaṃśayam ॥12-13-5॥
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - absolute; मृत्यू (mṛtyū) - death; च (ca) - and; तौ (tau) - those two; राजन् (rājan) - O king; आत्मनि (ātmani) - in the self; एव (eva) - indeed; समाश्रितौ (samāśritau) - resorted to; अदृश्यमानौ (adṛśyamānau) - unseen; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; योधयेताम् (yodhayetām) - they cause to fight; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt;]
(Brahman and death, O king, those two indeed resorted in the self, unseen, cause beings to fight, without doubt.)
O king, Brahman and death, both indeed reside within the self; unseen, they undoubtedly cause beings to engage in conflict.
अविनाशोऽस्य सत्त्वस्य नियतो यदि भारत। भित्त्वा शरीरं भूतानां न हिंसा प्रतिपत्स्यते ॥१२-१३-६॥
avināśo'sya sattvasya niyato yadi bhārata। bhittvā śarīraṃ bhūtānāṃ na hiṃsā pratipatsyate ॥12-13-6॥
[अविनाशः (avināśaḥ) - indestructible; अस्य (asya) - of this; सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) - of the being; नियतः (niyataḥ) - fixed; यदि (yadi) - if; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced; शरीरम् (śarīram) - body; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; न (na) - not; हिंसा (hiṃsā) - destruction; प्रतिपत्स्यते (pratipatsyate) - is accomplished;]
(If the indestructibility of this being is fixed, O Bhārata, then having pierced the bodies of beings, destruction is not accomplished.)
O Bhārata, if it is established that the being is indestructible, then by piercing the bodies of beings, destruction does not occur.
अथापि च सहोत्पत्तिः सत्त्वस्य प्रलयस्तथा। नष्टे शरीरे नष्टं स्याद्वृथा च स्यात्क्रियापथः ॥१२-१३-७॥
athāpi ca sahotpattiḥ sattvasya pralayastathā। naṣṭe śarīre naṣṭaṃ syādvṛthā ca syātkriyāpathaḥ ॥12-13-7॥
[अथापि (athāpi) - now also; च (ca) - and; सहोत्पत्तिः (sahotpattiḥ) - simultaneous arising; सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) - of the being; प्रलयः (pralayaḥ) - dissolution; तथा (tathā) - likewise; नष्टे (naṣṭe) - when destroyed; शरीरे (śarīre) - body; नष्टं (naṣṭaṃ) - destroyed; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain; च (ca) - and; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; क्रियापथः (kriyāpathaḥ) - path of action;]
(Now also, and simultaneous arising of the being, likewise dissolution; when the body is destroyed, destroyed would be, and in vain would be the path of action.)
Furthermore, the being's origin and dissolution occur together; when the body is destroyed, the path of action is also destroyed and becomes futile.
तस्मादेकान्तमुत्सृज्य पूर्वैः पूर्वतरैश्च यः। पन्था निषेवितः सद्भिः स निषेव्यो विजानता ॥१२-१३-८॥
tasmādekāntamutsṛjya pūrvaiḥ pūrvataraiśca yaḥ। panthā niṣevitaḥ sadbhiḥ sa niṣevyo vijānatā ॥12-13-8॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; एकान्तम् (ekāntam) - solitude; exclusive path; उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the former ones; पूर्वतरैः (pūrvataraiḥ) - by the more ancient ones; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - which; पन्था (panthā) - path; निषेवितः (niṣevitaḥ) - has been followed; सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good (people); सः (saḥ) - that; निषेव्यः (niṣevyaḥ) - should be followed; विजानता (vijānatā) - by the one who knows;]
(Therefore, having abandoned exclusivity, the path which has been followed by the former and more ancient ones and by the good, that should be followed by the one who knows.)
Therefore, one should not pursue a solitary or exclusive path, but should follow the path that has been practiced by the wise and the ancients.
लब्ध्वापि पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां सहस्थावरजङ्गमाम्। न भुङ्क्ते यो नृपः सम्यङ्निष्फलं तस्य जीवितम् ॥१२-१३-९॥
labdhvāpi pṛthivīṃ kṛtsnāṃ sahasthāvarajaṅgamām। na bhuṅkte yo nṛpaḥ samyaṅniṣphalaṃ tasya jīvitam ॥12-13-9॥
[लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained; अपि (api) - even; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīṃ) - the earth; कृत्स्नां (kṛtsnām) - entire; सह (saha) - together with; स्थावर (sthāvara) - immovable; जङ्गमाम् (jaṅgamām) - movable; न (na) - not; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; यः (yaḥ) - who; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; निष्फलम् (niṣphalam) - fruitless; तस्य (tasya) - his; जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life;]
(Even having obtained the entire earth together with the immovable and movable (beings), the king who does not properly enjoy (it), his life is fruitless.)
Even if a king gains the whole earth with all its immovable and movable beings, if he does not properly enjoy it, his life is fruitless.
अथ वा वसतो राजन्वने वन्येन जीवतः। द्रव्येषु यस्य ममता मृत्योरास्ये स वर्तते ॥१२-१३-१०॥
atha vā vasato rājan vane vanyena jīvataḥ। dravyeṣu yasya mamatā mṛtyor āsye sa vartate ॥12-13-10॥
[अथ (atha) - now then; वा (vā) - or; वसतः (vasataḥ) - of one dwelling; राजन् (rājan) - O king; वने (vane) - in the forest; वन्येन (vanyena) - with forest produce; जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of one living; द्रव्येषु (dravyeṣu) - in possessions; यस्य (yasya) - whose; ममता (mamatā) - attachment; मृत्योर् (mṛtyor) - of death; आस्ये (āsye) - in the mouth; सः (saḥ) - he; वर्तते (vartate) - remains;]
(Now then, O king, of one dwelling in the forest, living on forest produce, if there is attachment to possessions, he remains in the mouth of death.)
O king, even for one living in the forest on forest produce, if he has attachment to possessions, he remains in the jaws of death.
बाह्याभ्यन्तरभूतानां स्वभावं पश्य भारत। ये तु पश्यन्ति तद्भावं मुच्यन्ते महतो भयात् ॥१२-१३-११॥
bāhyābhyantarabhūtānāṃ svabhāvaṃ paśya bhārata। ye tu paśyanti tadbhāvaṃ mucyante mahato bhayāt ॥12-13-11॥
[बाह्य (bāhya) - external; अभ्यन्तर (abhyantara) - internal; भूतानां (bhūtānām) - of beings; स्वभावं (svabhāvam) - own-nature; पश्य (paśya) - see; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; ये (ye) - those who; तु (tu) - but; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - see; तद्भावं (tadbhāvam) - that nature; मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - are released; महतः (mahataḥ) - from great; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear;]
(See the own-nature of the external and internal beings, O Bhārata. But those who see that nature are released from great fear.)
O Bhārata, see the true nature of external and internal beings. Those who perceive that true nature are freed from great fear.
भवान्पिता भवान्माता भवान्भ्राता भवान्गुरुः। दुःखप्रलापानार्तस्य तस्मान्मे क्षन्तुमर्हसि ॥१२-१३-१२॥
bhavān pitā bhavān mātā bhavān bhrātā bhavān guruḥ। duḥkhapralāpān ārtasya tasmāt me kṣantum arhasi ॥12-13-12॥
[भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific singular); पिता (pitā) - father; भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific singular); माता (mātā) - mother; भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific singular); भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother; भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific singular); गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher; दुःखप्रलापान् (duḥkhapralāpān) - words of sorrow; आर्तस्य (ārtasya) - of the afflicted; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; मे (me) - my; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought;]
(You are father, you are mother, you are brother, you are teacher. Words of sorrow of the afflicted, therefore, my, to forgive, you ought.)
You are my father, you are my mother, you are my brother, you are my teacher. Therefore, you ought to forgive my words of sorrow, as I am afflicted.
तथ्यं वा यदि वातथ्यं यन्मयैतत्प्रभाषितम्। तद्विद्धि पृथिवीपाल भक्त्या भरतसत्तम ॥१२-१३-१३॥
tathyaṃ vā yadi vā'tathyaṃ yan mayaitat prabhāṣitam। tad viddhi pṛthivī-pāla bhaktyā bharata-sattama ॥12-13-13॥
[तथ्यं (tathyaṃ) - truth; वा (vā) - or; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; अथथ्यं (atathyaṃ) - untruth; यत् (yat) - which; मया (mayā) - by me; एतत् (etat) - this; प्रभाषितम् (prabhāṣitam) - spoken; तत् (tat) - that; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; पृथिवीपाल (pṛthivī-pāla) - O protector of the earth; भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion; भरतसत्तम (bharata-sattama) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(Whether it is truth or untruth, whatever has been spoken by me, know that, O protector of the earth, with devotion, O best of the Bharatas.)
O best of the Bharatas, O protector of the earth, know with devotion whatever I have spoken, whether it is truth or untruth.
