12.034
Core and Pancharatra: Vyasa instructs Yudhishthira that he has done only his duty and no sin attaches to him. He should perform the horse-sacrifice and assure all the kingdoms.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said:
युधिष्ठिरस्य तद्वाक्यं श्रुत्वा द्वैपायनस्तदा। समीक्ष्य निपुणं बुद्ध्या ऋषिः प्रोवाच पाण्डवम् ॥१२-३४-१॥
yudhiṣṭhirasya tadvākyaṃ śrutvā dvaipāyanastadā। samīkṣya nipuṇaṃ buddhyā ṛṣiḥ provāca pāṇḍavam ॥12-34-1॥
[युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira; तद् (tad) - that; वाक्यम् (vākyaṃ) - speech; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; द्वैपायनः (dvaipāyanaḥ) - Dvaipayana (Vyasa); तदा (tadā) - then; समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having examined; निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - thorough; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with intellect; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage; प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - to the Pandava (Yudhiṣṭhira);]
(Having heard that speech of Yudhiṣṭhira, then Dvaipayana, having examined thoroughly with intellect, the sage spoke to the Pandava.)
When Dvaipayana (Vyasa) heard Yudhiṣṭhira's words, he thoughtfully considered them and then addressed the Pandava.
मा विषादं कृथा राजन्क्षत्रधर्ममनुस्मर। स्वधर्मेण हता ह्येते क्षत्रियाः क्षत्रियर्षभ ॥१२-३४-२॥
mā viṣādaṃ kṛthā rājan kṣatradharmam anusmara। svadharmeṇa hatā hyete kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha ॥12-34-2॥
[मा (mā) - do not; विषादं (viṣādam) - despondency; कृथा (kṛthā) - make; राजन् (rājan) - O king; क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the duty of a warrior; अनुस्मर (anusmara) - remember; स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own duty; हता (hatāḥ) - slain; हि (hi) - indeed; एते (ete) - these; क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors; क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - O bull among warriors;]
(Do not make despondency, O king; remember the duty of a warrior. By one's own duty, indeed these warriors are slain, O bull among warriors.)
Do not yield to despair, O king; remember your warrior's duty. These warriors have been slain in accordance with their own duty, O best among warriors.
काङ्क्षमाणाः श्रियं कृत्स्नां पृथिव्यां च महद्यशः। कृतान्तविधिसंयुक्ताः कालेन निधनं गताः ॥१२-३४-३॥
kāṅkṣamāṇāḥ śriyaṃ kṛtsnāṃ pṛthivyāṃ ca mahadyaśaḥ। kṛtāntavidhisaṃyuktāḥ kālena nidhanaṃ gatāḥ ॥12-34-3॥
[काङ्क्षमाणाः (kāṅkṣamāṇāḥ) - desiring; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire; पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth; च (ca) - and; महत् (mahat) - great; यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame; कृतान्तविधिसंयुक्ताः (kṛtāntavidhisaṃyuktāḥ) - joined with the decree of death; कालेन (kālena) - by time; निधनम् (nidhanam) - death; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone;]
(Desiring prosperity, the entire (prosperity), and great fame on earth, joined with the decree of death, by time, have gone to death.)
Those who desired all prosperity and great fame on earth, bound by the decree of death, have met their end in due time.
न त्वं हन्ता न भीमोऽपि नार्जुनो न यमावपि। कालः पर्यायधर्मेण प्राणानादत्त देहिनाम् ॥१२-३४-४॥
na tvaṃ hantā na bhīmo'pi nārjuno na yamāvapi। kālaḥ paryāyadharmeṇa prāṇānādatta dehinām ॥12-34-4॥
[न (na) - not; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; हन्ता (hantā) - killer; न (na) - not; भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma; अपि (api) - also; न (na) - not; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; न (na) - not; यमौ (yamau) - the two Yamas; अपि (api) - also; कालः (kālaḥ) - Time; पर्यायधर्मेण (paryāyadharmeṇa) - by the law of succession; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes; देहिनाम् (dehinām) - of embodied beings;]
(Not you killer, not Bhīma also, not Arjuna, not the two Yamas also; Time, by the law of succession, takes the lives of embodied beings.)
Neither you, nor Bhīma, nor Arjuna, nor even the two Yamas are the killers; it is Time, by the law of succession, that takes the lives of embodied beings.
न यस्य मातापितरौ नानुग्राह्योऽस्ति कश्चन। कर्मसाक्षी प्रजानां यस्तेन कालेन संहृताः ॥१२-३४-५॥
na yasya mātāpitarau nānugrāhyo'sti kaścana। karmasākṣī prajānāṃ yastenakālena saṃhṛtāḥ ॥12-34-5॥
[न (na) - not; यस्य (yasya) - whose; मातापितरौ (mātāpitarau) - mother and father; न (na) - not; अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - one to be supported; अस्ति (asti) - is; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone; कर्मसाक्षी (karmasākṣī) - witness of actions; प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of beings; यः (yaḥ) - who; तेन (tena) - by him; कालेन (kālena) - by time; संहृताः (saṃhṛtāḥ) - destroyed; ॥१२-३४-५॥ (॥12-34-5॥) - ;]
(Not for whom mother and father, not anyone to be supported is; the witness of actions of beings, who by that time are destroyed.)
He who has neither mother nor father, nor anyone to support him; he is the witness of the actions of beings, and by that time, they are destroyed.
हेतुमात्रमिदं तस्य कालस्य पुरुषर्षभ। यद्धन्ति भूतैर्भूतानि तदस्मै रूपमैश्वरम् ॥१२-३४-६॥
hetumātram idaṃ tasya kālasya puruṣarṣabha। yad dhanti bhūtair bhūtāni tad asmai rūpam aiśvaram ॥12-34-6॥
[हेतुमात्रम् (hetumātram) - only the cause; इदं (idaṃ) - this; तस्य (tasya) - of him; कालस्य (kālasya) - of Time; पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men; यत् (yat) - which; हन्ति (hanti) - destroys; भूतैः (bhūtaiḥ) - by beings; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; तत् (tat) - that; अस्मै (asmai) - to him; रूपम् (rūpam) - form; ऐश्वरम् (aiśvaram) - divine; ॥१२-३४-६॥ (॥12-34-6॥) -;]
(Only the cause this of him of Time, O best of men; which destroys by beings beings, that to him form divine.)
O best of men, this is only the cause of that Time; that which destroys beings by beings, that is his divine form.
कर्ममूर्त्यात्मकं विद्धि साक्षिणं शुभपापयोः। सुखदुःखगुणोदर्कं कालं कालफलप्रदम् ॥१२-३४-७॥
karmamūrtyātmakaṃ viddhi sākṣiṇaṃ śubhapāpayoḥ। sukhaduḥkhaguṇodarkaṃ kālaṃ kālaphalapradam ॥12-34-7॥
[कर्म (karma) - action; मूर्ति (mūrti) - form; आत्मकं (ātmakaṃ) - having the nature of; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; साक्षिणं (sākṣiṇam) - witness; शुभ (śubha) - auspicious; पापयोः (pāpayoḥ) - and inauspicious; सुख (sukha) - pleasure; दुःख (duḥkha) - pain; गुण (guṇa) - qualities; उदर्कं (udarkaṃ) - resulting in; कालं (kālaṃ) - time; काल (kāla) - time; फल (phala) - fruit; प्रदम् (pradam) - giver;]
(Know the witness, having the nature of the form of action, in auspicious and inauspicious (acts); time, resulting in the qualities of pleasure and pain, is the giver of the fruit of time.)
Know that the witness, having the form of action, abides in both auspicious and inauspicious acts; time, which brings about the qualities of pleasure and pain, is the giver of the fruits of time.
तेषामपि महाबाहो कर्माणि परिचिन्तय। विनाशहेतुकारित्वे यैस्ते कालवशं गताः ॥१२-३४-८॥
teṣām api mahābāho karmāṇi paricintaya। vināśahetukāritve yais te kālavaśaṃ gatāḥ ॥12-34-8॥
[तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; अपि (api) - also; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; परिचिन्तय (paricintaya) - consider thoroughly; विनाश (vināśa) - destruction; हेतु (hetu) - cause; कारित्वे (kāritve) - in the agency; यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom; ते (te) - they; कालवशम् (kālavaśam) - under the control of time; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone;]
(Of them also, O mighty-armed, consider thoroughly the actions; in the agency of causing destruction, by whom they have gone under the control of time.)
O mighty-armed one, also consider their actions; those by whom the cause of destruction was enacted have already come under the sway of time.
आत्मनश्च विजानीहि नियमव्रतशीलताम्। यदा त्वमीदृशं कर्म विधिनाक्रम्य कारितः ॥१२-३४-९॥
ātmanaś ca vijānīhi niyamavrataśīlatām। yadā tvam īdṛśaṃ karma vidhinākramya kāritaḥ ॥12-34-9॥
[आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; च (ca) - and; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - know; नियम (niyama) - discipline; व्रत (vrata) - vow; शीलताम् (śīlatām) - character; यदा (yadā) - when; त्वम् (tvam) - you; ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such; कर्म (karma) - action; विधिना (vidhinā) - by rule; अक्रम्य (akramya) - transgressing; कारितः (kāritaḥ) - caused to be done;]
(And know the discipline, vow, and character of oneself; when you, having transgressed the rule, have been caused to do such an action.)
Know well your own discipline, vows, and character; for when you are made to act in such a way by violating the prescribed rule, understand this.
त्वष्ट्रेव विहितं यन्त्रं यथा स्थापयितुर्वशे। कर्मणा कालयुक्तेन तथेदं भ्राम्यते जगत् ॥१२-३४-१०॥
tvaṣṭreva vihitaṃ yantraṃ yathā sthāpayiturvaśe| karmaṇā kālayuktena tathedaṃ bhrāmyate jagat ॥12-34-10॥
[त्वष्ट्रा (tvaṣṭrā) - by Tvaṣṭṛ (the divine craftsman); इव (iva) - like; विहितं (vihitaṃ) - constructed; यन्त्रं (yantraṃ) - machine; यथा (yathā) - as; स्थापयितुः (sthāpayituḥ) - of the one who sets (it); वशे (vaśe) - under the control; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; कालयुक्तेन (kālayuktena) - endowed with time; तथा (tathā) - so; इदं (idaṃ) - this; भ्राम्यते (bhrāmyate) - is made to revolve; जगत् (jagat) - world;]
(Like a machine constructed by Tvaṣṭṛ, as under the control of the one who sets (it), by action endowed with time, so this world is made to revolve.)
Just as a machine constructed by Tvaṣṭṛ operates under the control of its maker, so too is this world set in motion by actions performed in accordance with time.
पुरुषस्य हि दृष्ट्वेमामुत्पत्तिमनिमित्ततः। यदृच्छया विनाशं च शोकहर्षावनर्थकौ ॥१२-३४-११॥
puruṣasya hi dṛṣṭvemām utpattim animittataḥ। yadṛcchayā vināśaṃ ca śoka-harṣau anarthakau ॥12-34-11॥
[पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of the person; हि (hi) - indeed; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; इमाम् (imām) - this; उत्पत्तिम् (utpattim) - origin; अनिमित्ततः (animittataḥ) - without cause; यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance; विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction; च (ca) - and; शोक-हर्षौ (śoka-harṣau) - sorrow and joy; अनर्थकौ (anarthakau) - meaningless;]
(Of the person indeed, having seen this origin without cause, by chance destruction and sorrow and joy (are) meaningless.)
Indeed, when one observes that the origin and destruction of a person occur without cause and by chance, both sorrow and joy are meaningless.
व्यलीकं चापि यत्त्वत्र चित्तवैतंसिकं तव। तदर्थमिष्यते राजन्प्रायश्चित्तं तदाचर ॥१२-३४-१२॥
vyalīkaṃ cāpi yattatra cittavaitamsikaṃ tava। tadarthamiṣyate rājanprāyaścittaṃ tadācara ॥12-34-12॥
[व्यलीकं (vyalīkaṃ) - offence; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; यत् (yat) - which; त्र (tra) - here; चित्तवैतंसिकं (cittavaitamsikaṃ) - mental (of the mind); तव (tava) - your; तदर्थम् (tadartham) - for that purpose; इष्यते (iṣyate) - is desired; राजन् (rājan) - O king; प्रायश्चित्तं (prāyaścittaṃ) - atonement; तत् (tat) - that; आचर (ācara) - perform;]
(Offence and also which here is mental, your; for that purpose is desired, O king, atonement; that perform.)
O king, whatever offence of mind you have here, for that reason, atonement is prescribed; perform that.
इदं च श्रूयते पार्थ युद्धे देवासुरे पुरा। असुरा भ्रातरो ज्येष्ठा देवाश्चापि यवीयसः ॥१२-३४-१३॥
idaṃ ca śrūyate pārtha yuddhe devāsure purā। asurā bhrātaro jyeṣṭhā devāś cāpi yavīyasaḥ ॥12-34-13॥
[इदं (idaṃ) - this; च (ca) - and; श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle; देवासुरे (devāsure) - between gods and asuras; पुरा (purā) - formerly; असुरा (asurā) - asuras; भ्रातरो (bhrātaro) - brothers; ज्येष्ठा (jyeṣṭhā) - elder; देवाश् (devāḥ) - gods; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; यवीयसः (yavīyasaḥ) - younger;]
(This and is heard, O Pārtha, in the battle between gods and asuras, formerly: the asuras (were) elder brothers, and the gods also (were) younger.)
O Pārtha, it is said that in the ancient battle between the gods and asuras, the asuras were the elder brothers and the gods were the younger.
तेषामपि श्रीनिमित्तं महानासीत्समुच्छ्रयः। युद्धं वर्षसहस्राणि द्वात्रिंशदभवत्किल ॥१२-३४-१४॥
teṣām api śrīnimittaṃ mahān āsīt samucchrayaḥ। yuddhaṃ varṣasahasrāṇi dvātriṃśad abhavat kila ॥12-34-14॥
[तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; अपि (api) - also; श्री-निमित्तम् (śrī-nimittam) - for the sake of prosperity; महान् (mahān) - great; आसीत् (āsīt) - there was; समुच्छ्रयः (samucchrayaḥ) - arising; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; वर्ष-सहस्राणि (varṣa-sahasrāṇi) - thousands of years; द्वात्रिंशत् (dvātriṃśat) - thirty-two; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; किल (kila) - indeed;]
(Of them also, for the sake of prosperity, a great arising was there. The battle lasted for thirty-two thousand years, indeed.)
For them too, a great conflict arose for the sake of prosperity. The battle is said to have lasted for thirty-two thousand years.
एकार्णवां महीं कृत्वा रुधिरेण परिप्लुताम्। जघ्नुर्दैत्यांस्तदा देवास्त्रिदिवं चैव लेभिरे ॥१२-३४-१५॥
ekārṇavāṃ mahīṃ kṛtvā rudhireṇa pariplutām। jaghnur daityāṃs tadā devās tridivaṃ caiva lebhire ॥12-34-15॥
[एकार्णवाम् (ekārṇavām) - one ocean; (i.e., covered with one ocean) महीं (mahīm) - earth; (accusative singular) कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; रुधिरेण (rudhireṇa) - with blood; परिप्लुताम् (pariplutām) - flooded; (accusative singular feminine) जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they slew; दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - the Daityas; (demons) तदा (tadā) - then; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; त्रिदिवम् (tridivam) - heaven; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; लेभिरे (lebhire) - they obtained;]
(Having made the earth one ocean, flooded with blood, then the gods slew the Daityas and indeed obtained heaven.)
The gods, having turned the earth into a single ocean flooded with blood, then slew the Daityas and thus gained heaven.
तथैव पृथिवीं लब्ध्वा ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः। संश्रिता दानवानां वै साह्यार्थे दर्पमोहिताः ॥१२-३४-१६॥
tathaiva pṛthivīṃ labdhvā brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ। saṃśritā dānavānāṃ vai sāhyārthe darpamohitāḥ॥12-34-16॥
[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīṃ) - earth; लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained; ब्राह्मणा (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - those who have mastered the Vedas; संश्रिता (saṃśritāḥ) - having taken refuge; दानवानां (dānavānām) - of the Dānavas; वै (vai) - indeed; साह्यार्थे (sāhyārthe) - for the purpose of alliance; दर्पमोहिताः (darpamohitāḥ) - deluded by pride;]
(In the same way, having obtained the earth, the Brāhmaṇas who have mastered the Vedas, having taken refuge with the Dānavas indeed, for the purpose of alliance, were deluded by pride.)
Similarly, after gaining the earth, the Brāhmaṇas who had mastered the Vedas, seeking alliance, took refuge with the Dānavas, being deluded by pride.
शालावृका इति ख्यातास्त्रिषु लोकेषु भारत। अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणि ते चापि विबुधैर्हताः ॥१२-३४-१७॥
śālāvṛkā iti khyātās triṣu lokeṣu bhārata। aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi te cāpi vibudhair hatāḥ ॥12-34-17॥
[शालावृकाः (śālāvṛkāḥ) - jackals; (lit. śālā + vṛka, 'house-wolves'); इति (iti) - thus; ख्याताः (khyātāḥ) - known; त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three; लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - worlds; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणि (aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇi) - eighty-eight thousand; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; विबुधैः (vibudhaiḥ) - by the wise; (gods/sages); हताः (hatāḥ) - were slain;]
(Jackals, thus known, in the three worlds, O Bhārata, eighty-eight thousand, they also by the wise were slain.)
O Bhārata, the jackals, thus known in the three worlds, eighty-eight thousand in number, were also slain by the wise.
धर्मव्युच्छित्तिमिच्छन्तो येऽधर्मस्य प्रवर्तकाः। हन्तव्यास्ते दुरात्मानो देवैर्दैत्या इवोल्बणाः ॥१२-३४-१८॥
dharmavyucchittim icchanto ye'dharmasya pravartakāḥ। hantavyās te durātmāno devair daityā iva ulbaṇāḥ॥12-34-18॥
[धर्म (dharma) - righteousness; व्युच्छित्तिम् (vyucchittim) - destruction; इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring; ये (ye) - those who; अधर्मस्य (adharmasya) - of unrighteousness; प्रवर्तकाः (pravartakāḥ) - promoters; हन्तव्याः (hantavyāḥ) - to be slain; ते (te) - they; दुरात्मानः (durātmānaḥ) - wicked-minded; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - demons; इव (iva) - like; उल्बणाः (ulbaṇāḥ) - fierce;]
(Those who desire the destruction of righteousness and are promoters of unrighteousness—those wicked-minded ones are to be slain, like the fierce demons by the gods.)
Those who wish to destroy righteousness and promote unrighteousness—such wicked people must be slain by the gods, just as fierce demons are destroyed.
एकं हत्वा यदि कुले शिष्टानां स्यादनामयम्। कुलं हत्वाथ राष्ट्रं वा न तद्वृत्तोपघातकम् ॥१२-३४-१९॥
ekaṃ hatvā yadi kule śiṣṭānāṃ syādanāmayam। kulaṃ hatvātha rāṣṭraṃ vā na tadvṛttopaghātakam ॥12-34-19॥
[एकम् (ekam) - one; हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed; यदि (yadi) - if; कुले (kule) - in the family; शिष्टानाम् (śiṣṭānām) - of the virtuous; स्यात् (syāt) - there would be; अनामयम् (anāmayam) - no harm; कुलम् (kulam) - family; हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed; अथ (atha) - or; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; तद्वृत्तोपघातकम् (tadvṛttopaghātakam) - causing destruction of their conduct;]
(Having killed one, if in the family of the virtuous there would be no harm; having killed the family or the kingdom, it does not cause destruction of their conduct.)
If killing one person would not harm the virtuous in the family, then killing the family or even the kingdom would not destroy their righteous conduct.
अधर्मरूपो धर्मो हि कश्चिदस्ति नराधिप। धर्मश्चाधर्मरूपोऽस्ति तच्च ज्ञेयं विपश्चिता ॥१२-३४-२०॥
adharmarūpo dharmo hi kaścidasti narādhipa। dharmaścādharmarūpo'sti tacca jñeyaṃ vipaścitā ॥12-34-20॥
[अधर्मरूपः (adharmarūpaḥ) - of the form of unrighteousness; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; हि (hi) - indeed; कश्चित् (kaścit) - some; अस्ति (asti) - is; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; अधर्मरूपः (adharmarūpaḥ) - of the form of unrighteousness; अस्ति (asti) - is; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - should be known; विपश्चिता (vipaścitā) - by the wise;]
(Indeed, O king, some righteousness is of the form of unrighteousness; and some unrighteousness is of the form of righteousness; that should be known by the wise.)
O king, sometimes what appears as righteousness is actually unrighteousness, and what appears as unrighteousness is actually righteousness; the wise should discern this.
तस्मात्संस्तम्भयात्मानं श्रुतवानसि पाण्डव। देवैः पूर्वगतं मार्गमनुयातोऽसि भारत ॥१२-३४-२१॥
tasmātsaṃstambhayātmānaṃ śrutavānasi pāṇḍava। devaiḥ pūrvagataṃ mārgam anuyāto'si bhārata ॥12-34-21॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; संस्तम्भय (saṃstambhaya) - restrain; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self; श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - having heard; असि (asi) - you are; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; पूर्वगतं (pūrvagataṃ) - formerly gone; मार्गम् (mārgam) - the path; अनुयातः (anuyātaḥ) - followed; असि (asi) - you are; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Therefore, restrain the self, having heard, you are, O Pāṇḍava; by the gods, the formerly gone path, followed, you are, O Bhārata.)
Therefore, O Pāṇḍava, restrain yourself; having listened, you, O Bhārata, have followed the path formerly taken by the gods.
न हीदृशा गमिष्यन्ति नरकं पाण्डवर्षभ। भ्रातॄनाश्वासयैतांस्त्वं सुहृदश्च परन्तप ॥१२-३४-२२॥
na hīdṛśā gamiṣyanti narakaṃ pāṇḍavarṣabha. bhrātṝnāśvāsayaitāṃstvaṃ suhṛdaśca parantapa ॥12-34-22॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; ईदृशाः (īdṛśāḥ) - such as these; गमिष्यन्ति (gamiṣyanti) - will go; नरकं (narakaṃ) - to hell; पाण्डवर्षभ (pāṇḍavarṣabha) - bull among the Pāṇḍavas; भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers; आश्वासय (āśvāsaya) - console; एतान् (etān) - these; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; च (ca) - and; परन्तप (parantapa) - scorcher of foes;]
(Not indeed such as these will go to hell, O bull among the Pāṇḍavas. Console these brothers and friends, O scorcher of foes.)
Surely, such as these will not go to hell, O best of the Pāṇḍavas. Console your brothers and friends, O subduer of enemies.
यो हि पापसमारम्भे कार्ये तद्भावभावितः। कुर्वन्नपि तथैव स्यात्कृत्वा च निरपत्रपः ॥१२-३४-२३॥
yo hi pāpasamārambhe kārye tadbhāvabhāvitaḥ। kurvannapi tathaiva syātkṛtvā ca nirapatrapaḥ॥12-34-23॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; पापसमारम्भे (pāpasamārambhe) - in evil undertaking; कार्ये (kārye) - in action; तद्भावभावितः (tadbhāvabhāvitaḥ) - imbued with that disposition; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; अपि (api) - even; तथैव (tathaiva) - just so; स्यात् (syāt) - he becomes; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; च (ca) - and; निरपत्रपः (nirapatrapaḥ) - shameless;]
(Who indeed, in evil undertaking, in action, imbued with that disposition, even while doing just so, he becomes; having done, and shameless.)
Whoever, being engaged in evil deeds and actions with such a disposition, even while acting thus, becomes shameless after having done so.
तस्मिंस्तत्कलुषं सर्वं समाप्तमिति शब्दितम्। प्रायश्चित्तं न तस्यास्ति ह्रासो वा पापकर्मणः ॥१२-३४-२४॥
tasmiṃs tatkaluṣaṃ sarvaṃ samāptam iti śabditam। prāyaścittaṃ na tasyāsti hrāso vā pāpakarmaṇaḥ ॥12-34-24॥
[तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; तत् (tat) - that; कलुषं (kaluṣam) - impurity; सर्वं (sarvam) - all; समाप्तम् (samāptam) - ended; इति (iti) - thus; शब्दितम् (śabditam) - declared; प्रायश्चित्तं (prāyaścittam) - atonement; न (na) - not; तस्य (tasya) - for him; अस्ति (asti) - is; ह्रासः (hrāsaḥ) - diminution; वा (vā) - or; पापकर्मणः (pāpakarmaṇaḥ) - of evil deed;]
(In that, all that impurity is ended, thus it is declared. Atonement is not for him, nor is there diminution of evil deed.)
It is declared that in that, all impurity is ended. For him, there is no atonement, nor any reduction of the evil deed.
त्वं तु शुक्लाभिजातीयः परदोषेण कारितः। अनिच्छमानः कर्मेदं कृत्वा च परितप्यसे ॥१२-३४-२५॥
tvaṃ tu śuklābhijātīyaḥ paradoṣeṇa kāritaḥ। anicchamānaḥ karmedaṃ kṛtvā ca paritapyase ॥12-34-25॥
[त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; तु (tu) - but; शुक्ल-अभिजातीयः (śukla-abhijātīyaḥ) - born of the pure (lineage); पर-दोषेण (para-doṣeṇa) - by another's fault; कारितः (kāritaḥ) - caused; अनिच्छमानः (anicchamānaḥ) - not wishing; कर्म (karma) - action; इदं (idaṃ) - this; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; च (ca) - and; परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - you are tormented;]
(You but born of the pure (lineage), by another's fault caused, not wishing, this action having done and you are tormented.)
But you, born of a pure lineage, have been made to do this by another's fault; though unwilling, having performed this action, you are now tormented by it.
अश्वमेधो महायज्ञः प्रायश्चित्तमुदाहृतम्। तमाहर महाराज विपाप्मैवं भविष्यसि ॥१२-३४-२६॥
aśvamedho mahāyajñaḥ prāyaścittamudāhṛtam। tamāhara mahārāja vipāpmāivaṃ bhaviṣyasi ॥12-34-26॥
[अश्वमेधः (aśvamedhaḥ) - horse-sacrifice; महायज्ञः (mahāyajñaḥ) - great-sacrifice; प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation; उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - declared; तम् (tam) - that; आहर (āhara) - perform; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; विपाप्मा (vipāpmā) - free from sin; एवम् (evam) - thus; भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will become;]
(The horse-sacrifice, the great-sacrifice, is declared as expiation. Perform that, O great king; thus you will become free from sin.)
The horse-sacrifice, which is a great sacrifice, has been declared as an expiation. Perform that, O great king, and thus you will become free from sin.
मरुद्भिः सह जित्वारीन्मघवान्पाकशासनः। एकैकं क्रतुमाहृत्य शतकृत्वः शतक्रतुः ॥१२-३४-२७॥
marudbhiḥ saha jitvārīn maghavān pākaśāsanaḥ। ekaikaṃ kratum āhṛtya śatakṛtvaḥ śatakratuḥ ॥12-34-27॥
[मरुद्भिः (marudbhiḥ) - with the Maruts; सह (saha) - together; जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; अरिन् (arīn) - enemies; मघवान् (maghavān) - Maghavan (Indra); पाकशासनः (pākaśāsanaḥ) - Pākaśāsana (destroyer of Pāka, epithet of Indra); एकैकम् (ekaikam) - each and every; क्रतुम् (kratum) - sacrifice; आहृत्य (āhṛtya) - having appropriated; शतकृत्वः (śatakṛtvaḥ) - a hundred times; शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Śatakratu (epithet of Indra, performer of a hundred sacrifices);]
(With the Maruts, having conquered the enemies, Maghavan, Pākaśāsana, having appropriated each and every sacrifice a hundred times, Śatakratu (Indra).)
Indra, called Maghavan and Pākaśāsana, together with the Maruts, having conquered his enemies, appropriated each sacrifice a hundred times; thus Śatakratu (Indra) is so named.
पूतपाप्मा जितस्वर्गो लोकान्प्राप्य सुखोदयान्। मरुद्गणवृतः शक्रः शुशुभे भासयन्दिशः ॥१२-३४-२८॥
pūtapāpmā jitasvargo lokānprāpya sukhodayān। marudgaṇavṛtaḥ śakraḥ śuśubhe bhāsayandiśaḥ ॥12-34-28॥
[पूतपाप्मा (pūtapāpmā) - one whose sin is purified; जितस्वर्गः (jitasvargaḥ) - one who has conquered heaven; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained; सुखोदयान् (sukhodayān) - sources of happiness; मरुद्गणवृतः (marudgaṇavṛtaḥ) - surrounded by hosts of Maruts; शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra); शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - shone; भासयन् (bhāsayan) - illuminating; दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions;]
(One whose sin is purified, who has conquered heaven, having attained worlds that are sources of happiness, surrounded by hosts of Maruts, Śakra shone, illuminating the directions.)
Śakra, whose sins were purified and who had conquered heaven, having attained worlds of happiness, surrounded by the hosts of Maruts, shone brilliantly, illuminating all directions.
स्वर्गलोके महीयन्तमप्सरोभिः शचीपतिम्। ऋषयः पर्युपासन्ते देवाश्च विबुधेश्वरम् ॥१२-३४-२९॥
svargaloke mahīyantam apsarobhiḥ śacīpatim। ṛṣayaḥ paryupāsante devāś ca vibudheśvaram ॥12-34-29॥
[स्वर्गलोके (svargaloke) - in the world of heaven; महीयन्तम् (mahīyantam) - being honored; अप्सरोभिः (apsarobhiḥ) - by the celestial nymphs; शचीपतिम् (śacīpatim) - the husband of Śacī (Indra); ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages; पर्युपासन्ते (paryupāsante) - surround and worship; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; च (ca) - and; विबुधेश्वरम् (vibudheśvaram) - the lord of the wise (Indra);]
(In the world of heaven, the husband of Śacī (Indra), being honored by the celestial nymphs, is surrounded and worshipped by the sages and the gods, the lord of the wise (Indra).)
In the heavenly realm, Indra, the husband of Śacī and lord of the wise, is honored by the celestial nymphs and worshipped by sages and gods alike.
सोऽयं त्वमिह सङ्क्रान्तो विक्रमेण वसुन्धराम्। निर्जिताश्च महीपाला विक्रमेण त्वयानघ ॥१२-३४-३०॥
so'yaṃ tvam iha saṅkrānto vikrameṇa vasundharām। nirjitāś ca mahīpālā vikrameṇa tvayānagha ॥12-34-30॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अयम् (ayam) - this; त्वम् (tvam) - you; इह (iha) - here; सङ्क्रान्तः (saṅkrāntaḥ) - has advanced; विक्रमेण (vikrameṇa) - by valor; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth; निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered; च (ca) - and; महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - kings; विक्रमेण (vikrameṇa) - by valor; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(He, this you here has advanced by valor the earth. Conquered and kings by valor by you, O sinless one.)
He—this very you—has here advanced upon the earth by valor. And the kings have been conquered by you through valor, O sinless one.
तेषां पुराणि राष्ट्राणि गत्वा राजन्सुहृद्वृतः। भ्रातॄन्पुत्रांश्च पौत्रांश्च स्वे स्वे राज्येऽभिषेचय ॥१२-३४-३१॥
teṣāṃ purāṇi rāṣṭrāṇi gatvā rājan-suhṛd-vṛtaḥ। bhrātṝn putrāṃś ca pautrāṃś ca sve sve rājye'bhiṣecaya ॥12-34-31॥
[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; पुराणि (purāṇi) - ancient; राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; राजन् (rājan) - O king; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend; वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied; भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; च (ca) - and; पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons; च (ca) - and; स्वे (sve) - in their own; स्वे (sve) - in their own; राज्ये (rājye) - kingdom; अभिषेचय (abhiṣecaya) - anoint; ॥१२-३४-३१॥ (॥12-34-31॥) - ॥12-34-31॥;]
(Having gone to their ancient kingdoms, O king, accompanied by friends, anoint the brothers, sons, and grandsons in their respective kingdoms.)
O king, after visiting their ancient kingdoms with friends, anoint the brothers, sons, and grandsons in their respective kingdoms.
बालानपि च गर्भस्थान्सान्त्वानि समुदाचरन्। रञ्जयन्प्रकृतीः सर्वाः परिपाहि वसुन्धराम् ॥१२-३४-३२॥
bālān api ca garbhasthān sāntvāni samudācaran। rañjayan prakṛtīḥ sarvāḥ paripāhi vasundharām ॥12-34-32॥
[बालान् (bālān) - children; अपि (api) - even; च (ca) - and; गर्भस्थान् (garbhasthān) - those in the womb; सान्त्वानि (sāntvāni) - soothing words; समुदाचरन् (samudācaran) - uttering; रञ्जयन् (rañjayan) - delighting; प्रकृतीः (prakṛtīḥ) - natures; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; परिपाहि (paripāhi) - protect; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth;]
(Uttering soothing words even to children and those in the womb, delighting all natures, protect the earth.)
By uttering soothing words even to children and those in the womb, delighting all beings, may you protect the earth.
कुमारो नास्ति येषां च कन्यास्तत्राभिषेचय। कामाशयो हि स्त्रीवर्गः शोकमेवं प्रहास्यति ॥१२-३४-३३॥
kumāro nāsti yeṣāṃ ca kanyās tatrābhiṣecaya। kāmāśayo hi strīvargaḥ śokam evaṃ prahāsyati ॥12-34-33॥
[कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - boy; son; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; च (ca) - and; कन्याः (kanyāḥ) - girls; daughters; तत्र (tatra) - there; अभिषेचय (abhiṣecaya) - cause to be consecrated; enthrone; कामाशयः (kāmāśayaḥ) - desire-hearted; having desire as their nature; हि (hi) - indeed; स्त्रीवर्गः (strīvargaḥ) - the group of women; शोकम् (śokam) - grief; एवम् (evam) - thus; in this way; प्रहास्यति (prahāsyati) - will abandon; will give up;]
(A son does not exist for whom and daughters there enthrone. Indeed, the group of women whose nature is desire will thus abandon grief.)
Where there is no son but only daughters, enthrone one of them there. For, indeed, women whose nature is desire will thus overcome their grief.
एवमाश्वासनं कृत्वा सर्वराष्ट्रेषु भारत। यजस्व वाजिमेधेन यथेन्द्रो विजयी पुरा ॥१२-३४-३४॥
evam āśvāsanaṃ kṛtvā sarvarāṣṭreṣu bhārata। yajasva vājimedhena yathendro vijayī purā ॥12-34-34॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; आश्वासनम् (āśvāsanam) - assurance; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; सर्वराष्ट्रेषु (sarvarāṣṭreṣu) - in all kingdoms; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; यजस्व (yajasva) - perform sacrifice; वाजिमेधेन (vājimedhena) - with the horse-sacrifice; यथा (yathā) - as; इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; विजयी (vijayī) - victorious; पुरा (purā) - formerly;]
(Thus, having given assurance in all kingdoms, O Bhārata, perform the horse-sacrifice as Indra, victorious, did formerly.)
O Bhārata, after assuring all the kingdoms in this way, perform the horse-sacrifice just as Indra, the victorious one, did in ancient times.
अशोच्यास्ते महात्मानः क्षत्रियाः क्षत्रियर्षभ। स्वकर्मभिर्गता नाशं कृतान्तबलमोहिताः ॥१२-३४-३५॥
aśocyās te mahātmānaḥ kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha। svakarmabhir gatā nāśaṃ kṛtāntabalamohitāḥ ॥12-34-35॥
[अशोच्याः (aśocyāḥ) - not to be grieved for; ते (te) - they; महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled ones; क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors; क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - bull among warriors; स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions; गता (gatā) - have gone; नाशं (nāśam) - to destruction; कृतान्तबलमोहिताः (kṛtāntabalamohitāḥ) - deluded by the power of Death;]
(Not to be grieved for are they, great-souled warriors, O bull among warriors; by their own actions have gone to destruction, deluded by the power of Death.)
O best of warriors, those great-souled Kshatriyas are not to be grieved for; by their own actions, deluded by the power of Death, they have gone to destruction.
अवाप्तः क्षत्रधर्मस्ते राज्यं प्राप्तमकल्मषम्। चरस्व धर्मं कौन्तेय श्रेयान्यः प्रेत्य भाविकः ॥१२-३४-३६॥
avāptaḥ kṣatradharmas te rājyaṃ prāptam akalmaṣam। carasva dharmaṃ kaunteya śreyān yaḥ pretya bhāvikaḥ ॥12-34-36॥
[अवाप्तः (avāptaḥ) - obtained; क्षत्रधर्मः (kṣatradharmaḥ) - the duty of a kṣatriya; ते (te) - by you; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - attained; अकल्मषम् (akalmaṣam) - untainted; चरस्व (carasva) - perform; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - duty; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death; भाविकः (bhāvikaḥ) - pertaining to the future;]
(Obtained is the duty of a kṣatriya by you; the kingdom, untainted, is attained. Perform duty, O son of Kunti; better is he who, after death, is pertaining to the future.)
You have obtained the duty of a kṣatriya; you have attained an untainted kingdom. O son of Kunti, perform your duty; one who acts thus attains a better state after death.
