12.035
Library and Core: Yudhishthira asks about the actions that require atonement, and Vyasa advises.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said:
कानि कृत्वेह कर्माणि प्रायश्चित्तीयते नरः। किं कृत्वा चैव मुच्येत तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१२-३५-१॥
kāni kṛtveha karmāṇi prāyaścittīyate naraḥ। kiṃ kṛtvā caiva mucyeta tanme brūhi pitāmaha ॥12-35-1॥
[कानि (kāni) - which (things); कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; इह (iha) - here; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; प्रायश्चित्तीयते (prāyaścittīyate) - is atoned; नरः (naraḥ) - man; किं (kiṃ) - what; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मुच्येत (mucyeta) - is released; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - to me; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire;]
(Which actions having done here does a man atone for? What having done indeed is he released? That tell to me, O grandsire.)
O grandsire, tell me: which actions performed here require atonement by a man, and by doing what indeed is he released from them?
व्यास उवाच॥
vyāsa uvāca॥
[व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyāsa; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he spoke);]
(Vyāsa said;)
Vyāsa said:
अकुर्वन्विहितं कर्म प्रतिषिद्धानि चाचरन्। प्रायश्चित्तीयते ह्येवं नरो मिथ्या च वर्तयन् ॥१२-३५-२॥
akurvan vihitaṃ karma pratiṣiddhāni ca ācaran। prāyaścittyate hi evam naro mithyā ca vartayan ॥12-35-2॥
[अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - not performing; विहितं (vihitaṃ) - enjoined; कर्म (karma) - action; प्रतिषिद्धानि (pratiṣiddhāni) - prohibited; च (ca) - and; आचरन् (ācaran) - practicing; प्रायश्चित्तीयते (prāyaścittyate) - atonement is prescribed; हि (hi) - indeed; एवं (evam) - thus; नरः (naraḥ) - man; मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely; च (ca) - and; वर्तयन् (vartayan) - conducting himself;]
(Not performing the enjoined action and practicing prohibited (actions), thus indeed atonement is prescribed for a man conducting himself falsely and (so).)
If a man does not perform the enjoined actions and instead practices prohibited ones, then indeed, atonement is prescribed for one who conducts himself falsely in this way.
सूर्येणाभ्युदितो यश्च ब्रह्मचारी भवत्युत। तथा सूर्याभिनिर्मुक्तः कुनखी श्यावदन्नपि ॥१२-३५-३॥
sūryeṇābhyudito yaś ca brahmacārī bhavaty uta। tathā sūryābhinirmuktaḥ kunakhī śyāvadann api ॥12-35-3॥
[सूर्येण (sūryeṇa) - by the sun; अभ्युदितः (abhyuditaḥ) - risen; appeared; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - celibate; student of sacred knowledge; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; उत (uta) - indeed; तथा (tathā) - likewise; सूर्य (sūrya) - sun; अभिनिर्मुक्तः (abhinirmuktaḥ) - completely released; abandoned; कुनखी (kunakhī) - one with deformed nails; श्यावदन् (śyāvadann) - with dark mouth; अपि (api) - even;]
(By the sun risen and who becomes a celibate indeed; likewise, one completely released by the sun, even if deformed-nailed or with a dark mouth.)
Whoever is initiated at sunrise and becomes a celibate, and likewise, even one with deformed nails or a dark mouth, if released by the sun, is accepted.
परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता ब्रह्मोज्झो यश्च कुत्सकः। दिधिषूपतिस्तथा यः स्यादग्रेदिधिषुरेव च ॥१२-३५-४॥
parivittiḥ parivettā brahmojjho yaś ca kutsakaḥ। didhiṣūpatistathā yaḥ syād agredidhiṣur eva ca॥12-35-4॥
[परिवित्तिः (parivittiḥ) - one who has lost property; परिवेत्ता (parivettā) - one who knows the loss; ब्रह्मोज्झः (brahmojjhaḥ) - one who has abandoned sacred knowledge; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; कुत्सकः (kutsakaḥ) - one who reproaches; दिधिषूपतिः (didhiṣūpatiḥ) - lord of the sacrificial implements; तथा (tathā) - likewise; यः (yaḥ) - who; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; अग्रे (agre) - in front; दिधिषुः (didhiṣuḥ) - sacrificial implement; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and;]
(One who has lost property, one who knows the loss, one who has abandoned sacred knowledge, and one who reproaches, the lord of the sacrificial implements likewise, who may be in front of the sacrificial implement, indeed and.)
One who has lost property, one who knows the loss, one who has abandoned sacred knowledge, one who reproaches, the lord of the sacrificial implements, and likewise, whoever may be in front of the sacrificial implement.
अवकीर्णी भवेद्यश्च द्विजातिवधकस्तथा। अतीर्थे ब्रह्मणस्त्यागी तीर्थे चाप्रतिपादकः ॥१२-३५-५॥
avakīrṇī bhaved yaś ca dvijātivadhakas tathā | atīrthe brahmaṇas tyāgī tīrthe cāpratipādakaḥ ||12-35-5||
[अवकीर्णी (avakīrṇī) - one who scatters (sacred things); भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; द्विजातिवधकः (dvijātivadhakaḥ) - killer of a twice-born (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); तथा (tathā) - also; in the same way; अतीर्थे (atīrthe) - at a non-sacred place; ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of a Brāhmaṇa; त्यागी (tyāgī) - one who abandons; तीर्थे (tīrthe) - at a sacred place; च (ca) - and; अप्रतिपादकः (apratipādakaḥ) - one who does not restore (to the Brāhmaṇa);]
(One who scatters (sacred things) becomes (sinful), and also the killer of a twice-born; one who abandons (property) of a Brāhmaṇa at a non-sacred place, and one who does not restore (it) at a sacred place.)
One who scatters sacred things, one who kills a twice-born, one who abandons a Brāhmaṇa's property at a non-sacred place, and one who does not restore it at a sacred place, all become sinful.
ग्रामयाजी च कौन्तेय राज्ञश्च परिविक्रयी। शूद्रस्त्रीवधको यश्च पूर्वः पूर्वस्तु गर्हितः ॥१२-३५-६॥
grāmayājī ca kaunteya rājñaśca parivikrayī। śūdrastrīvadhako yaśca pūrvaḥ pūrvastu garhitaḥ ॥12-35-6॥
[ग्रामयाजी (grāmayājī) - village-sacrificer; (one who performs sacrifices for villagers;) च (ca) - and; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; च (ca) - and; परिविक्रयी (parivikrayī) - trader; (one who sells goods;) शूद्रस्त्रीवधकः (śūdrastrīvadhakaḥ) - killer of a Śūdra woman; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - former; पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - former; तु (tu) - but; गर्हितः (garhitaḥ) - condemned;]
(Village-sacrificer and, O son of Kunti, and trader of the king; killer of a Śūdra woman and who, the former, but the former is condemned.)
O son of Kunti, the village-sacrificer, the king's trader, and the killer of a Śūdra woman—each former is more condemned than the latter.
वृथापशुसमालम्भी वनदाहस्य कारकः। अनृतेनोपचर्ता च प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोस्तथा ॥१२-३५-७॥
vṛthāpaśusamālambhī vanadāhasya kārakaḥ। anṛtenopacartā ca pratiroddhā gurostatḥā ॥12-35-7॥
[वृथापशु (vṛthāpaśu) - useless animal; समालम्भी (samālambhī) - one who takes up; वनदाहस्य (vanadāhasya) - of forest burning; कारकः (kārakaḥ) - doer; अनृतेन (anṛtena) - with falsehood; उपचर्ता (upacartā) - one who serves; च (ca) - and; प्रतिरोद्धा (pratiroddhā) - one who obstructs; गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(Useless animal taker, doer of forest burning, one who serves with falsehood and one who obstructs the teacher likewise.)
One who takes up useless animals, causes forest fires, serves with falsehood, and obstructs the teacher—such are likewise condemned.
यश्चाग्नीनपविध्येत तथैव ब्रह्मविक्रयी। एतान्येनांसि सर्वाणि व्युत्क्रान्तसमयश्च यः ॥१२-३५-८॥
yaś cāgnīn apavidhyet tathaiva brahmavikrayī। etāny enāṃsi sarvāṇi vyutkrāntasamayaś ca yaḥ ॥12-35-8॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; अग्नीन् (agnīn) - sacred fires (accusative plural); अपविध्येत (apavidhyet) - would cast away; तथा (tathā) - likewise; एव (eva) - indeed; ब्रह्मविक्रयी (brahmavikrayī) - one who sells the Veda; एतानि (etāni) - these; एनांसि (enāṃsi) - sins; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; व्युत्क्रान्तसमयः (vyutkrāntasamayaḥ) - one who has transgressed the prescribed time; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who;]
(Whoever and sacred fires would cast away, likewise indeed one who sells the Veda; these sins all, one who has transgressed the prescribed time and who.)
Whoever casts away the sacred fires, or sells the Veda, or transgresses the prescribed time for rites—these are all considered sins.
अकार्याण्यपि वक्ष्यामि यानि तानि निबोध मे। लोकवेदविरुद्धानि तान्येकाग्रमनाः शृणु ॥१२-३५-९॥
akāryāṇy api vakṣyāmi yāni tāni nibodha me। loka-veda-viruddhāni tān ekāgramanāḥ śṛṇu ॥12-35-9॥
[अकार्याणि (akāryāṇi) - improper acts; अपि (api) - also; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall state; यानि (yāni) - which; तानि (tāni) - those; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; मे (me) - from me; लोक (loka) - worldly; वेद (veda) - Vedic; विरुद्धानि (viruddhāni) - opposed; तानि (tāni) - those; एकाग्रमनाः (ekāgramanāḥ) - with concentrated mind; शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; १२-३५-९ (12-35-9) - 12-35-9;]
(Improper acts also I shall state, which those understand from me; worldly Vedic opposed those with concentrated mind listen;)
I will also tell you about improper acts; listen with focused mind to those which are opposed to both worldly and Vedic norms, and understand them from me.
स्वधर्मस्य परित्यागः परधर्मस्य च क्रिया। अयाज्ययाजनं चैव तथाभक्ष्यस्य भक्षणम् ॥१२-३५-१०॥
svadharmasya parityāgaḥ paradharmasya ca kriyā। ayājyayājanaṃ caiva tathābhakṣyasya bhakṣaṇam ॥12-35-10॥
[स्वधर्मस्य (svadharmasya) - of one's own duty; परित्यागः (parityāgaḥ) - abandonment; परधर्मस्य (paradharmasya) - of another's duty; च (ca) - and; क्रिया (kriyā) - performance; अयाज्ययाजनम् (ayājyayājanam) - offering (sacrifice) to the unworthy; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; तथा (tathā) - also; अभक्ष्यस्य (abhakṣyasya) - of the inedible; भक्षणम् (bhakṣaṇam) - eating;]
(Abandonment of one's own duty, performance of another's duty, offering sacrifice to the unworthy, and indeed also eating of the inedible.)
Abandoning one's own duty, performing another's duty, offering sacrifices to the unworthy, and eating what should not be eaten.
शरणागतसन्त्यागो भृत्यस्याभरणं तथा। रसानां विक्रयश्चापि तिर्यग्योनिवधस्तथा ॥१२-३५-११॥
śaraṇāgatasantyāgo bhṛtyasyābharaṇaṃ tathā। rasānāṃ vikrayaścāpi tiryagyonivadhastathā ॥12-35-11॥
[शरणागत (śaraṇāgata) - one who has taken refuge; सन्त्यागः (santyāgaḥ) - abandonment; भृत्यस्य (bhṛtyasya) - of a servant; आभरणम् (ābharaṇam) - ornament; तथा (tathā) - likewise; रसानाम् (rasānām) - of juices; विक्रयः (vikrayaḥ) - sale; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; तिर्यग्योनि (tiryag-yoni) - of animals; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(Abandonment of one who has taken refuge is the ornament of a servant likewise; the sale of juices also, and the killing of animals likewise.)
For a servant, abandoning one who has sought refuge is considered an ornament; similarly, selling juices and killing animals are also regarded in the same way.
आधानादीनि कर्माणि शक्तिमान्न करोति यः। अप्रयच्छंश्च सर्वाणि नित्यं देयानि भारत ॥१२-३५-१२॥
ādhānādīni karmāṇi śaktimān na karoti yaḥ। aprayacchaṃś ca sarvāṇi nityaṃ deyāni bhārata ॥12-35-12॥
[आधानादीनि (ādhānādīni) - rites such as initiation; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; शक्तिमान् (śaktimān) - one who is capable; न (na) - not; करोति (karoti) - does; यः (yaḥ) - who; अप्रयच्छन् (aprayacchan) - not giving; च (ca) - and; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; नित्यं (nityam) - always; देयानि (deyāni) - to be given; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Who, being capable, does not perform actions such as initiation, and always does not give all that should be given, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, he who is capable but does not perform rites such as initiation, and always withholds all that should be given.
दक्षिणानामदानं च ब्राह्मणस्वाभिमर्शनम्। सर्वाण्येतान्यकार्याणि प्राहुर्धर्मविदो जनाः ॥१२-३५-१३॥
dakṣiṇānāmadānaṃ ca brāhmaṇasvābhimarśanam। sarvāṇyetānyakāryāṇi prāhur dharmavido janāḥ ॥12-35-13॥
[दक्षिणानाम् (dakṣiṇānām) - of gifts; (dakṣiṇā: sacrificial fee, gift; genitive plural) अदानम् (adānam) - giving; (a-dāna: giving; accusative singular) च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - of a Brāhmaṇa; (brāhmaṇa: Brāhmaṇa; genitive singular) स्वाभिमर्शनम् (svābhimarśanam) - touching oneself; (sva: oneself + abhimarśana: touching; accusative singular) सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; एतानि (etāni) - these; अकार्याणि (akāryāṇi) - not to be done; (a-kārya: not to be done; nominative plural neuter) प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - have said; धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of dharma; (dharma: dharma, righteousness + vid: knowers; nominative plural) जनाः (janāḥ) - people; (janāḥ: people; nominative plural);]
(The giving of gifts and the touching of oneself by a Brāhmaṇa—all these are not to be done, have said the knowers of dharma, the people.)
The knowers of dharma have said that giving gifts and a Brāhmaṇa touching himself are all actions that should not be done.
पित्रा विभजते पुत्रो यश्च स्याद्गुरुतल्पगः। अप्रजायन्नधर्मेण भवत्याधर्मिको जनः ॥१२-३५-१४॥
pitrā vibhajate putro yaś ca syād gurutalpagah। aprajāyann adharmeṇa bhavaty ādharmiko janaḥ ॥12-35-14॥
[पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father; विभजते (vibhajate) - divides; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; गुरुतल्पगः (gurutalpagah) - one who approaches the teacher's bed; अप्रजायन् (aprajāyan) - not begetting offspring; अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; आधर्मिकः (ādharmikaḥ) - unrighteous; जनः (janaḥ) - person;]
(By the father divides the son who and may be one who approaches the teacher's bed; not begetting offspring by unrighteousness becomes unrighteous person.)
A son who divides property with his father, or who may approach his teacher's wife, or who does not beget offspring and acts unrighteously, becomes an unrighteous person.
उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि विस्तरेणेतरेण च। यानि कुर्वन्नकुर्वंश्च प्रायश्चित्तीयते जनः ॥१२-३५-१५॥
uktāny etāni karmāṇi vistareṇetareṇa ca। yāni kurvann akurvaṃś ca prāyaścittīyate janaḥ ॥12-35-15॥
[उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken; declared; एतानि (etāni) - these; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; deeds; विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; extensively; इतरेण (itareṇa) - by another; otherwise; च (ca) - and; यानि (yāni) - which; those which; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - not doing; च (ca) - and; प्रायश्चित्तीयते (prāyaścittīyate) - is atoned; is expiated; जनः (janaḥ) - person; man;]
(Spoken these actions in detail and otherwise; which doing and not doing, is atoned the person.)
These actions, as declared here in detail and otherwise, whichever a person does or does not do, are atoned for.
एतान्येव तु कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि मानवान्। येषु येषु निमित्तेषु न लिम्पन्त्यथ तच्छृणु ॥१२-३५-१६॥
etānyeva tu karmāṇi kriyamāṇāni mānavān। yeṣu yeṣu nimitteṣu na limpantyatha tacchṛṇu ॥12-35-16॥
[एतानि (etāni) - these; एव (eva) - indeed; तु (tu) - but; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; क्रियमाणानि (kriyamāṇāni) - being performed; मानवान् (mānavān) - by men; येषु (yeṣu) - in which; येषु (yeṣu) - in which; निमित्तेषु (nimitteṣu) - in the causes; न (na) - not; लिम्पन्ति (limpanti) - attach; अथ (atha) - now; तत् (tat) - that; श्रुणु (śṛṇu) - hear;]
(These indeed but actions being performed by men, in which in which causes not attach, now that hear.)
These actions, though performed by men, do not attach to them in whatever causes; now hear that.
प्रगृह्य शस्त्रमायान्तमपि वेदान्तगं रणे। जिघांसन्तं निहत्याजौ न तेन ब्रह्महा भवेत् ॥१२-३५-१७॥
pragṛhya śastram āyāntam api vedāntagam raṇe| jighāṃsantam nihatya ājau na tena brahmahā bhavet ॥12-35-17॥
[प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized; शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon; आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching; अपि (api) - even; वेदान्तगम् (vedāntagam) - one who has mastered the Vedānta; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; जिघांसन्तम् (jighāṃsantam) - intending to kill; निहत्य (nihatya) - having slain; आजौ (ājau) - in combat; न (na) - not; तेन (tena) - by him; ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a Brāhmaṇa; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes;]
(Having seized a weapon, even if one who has mastered the Vedānta approaches in battle, intending to kill, having slain him in combat, by him, one does not become a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa.)
If, in battle, a person who has mastered the Vedānta approaches with a weapon and intends to kill, then slaying him in combat does not make one a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa.
अपि चाप्यत्र कौन्तेय मन्त्रो वेदेषु पठ्यते। वेदप्रमाणविहितं तं धर्मं प्रब्रवीमि ते ॥१२-३५-१८॥
api cāpyatra kaunteya mantro vedeṣu paṭhyate। vedapramāṇavihitaṃ taṃ dharmaṃ prabravīmi te ॥12-35-18॥
[अपि (api) - indeed; also; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अत्र (atra) - here; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - mantra; sacred utterance; वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas; पठ्यते (paṭhyate) - is recited; वेदप्रमाणविहितम् (vedapramāṇavihitam) - established by the authority of the Vedas; तम् (tam) - that; धर्मम् (dharmaṃ) - dharma; duty; प्रब्रवीमि (prabravīmi) - I declare; ते (te) - to you;]
(Indeed and also here, O son of Kunti, the mantra is recited in the Vedas. That dharma, established by the authority of the Vedas, I declare to you.)
Moreover, O son of Kunti, this mantra is also recited here in the Vedas. I declare to you that dharma which is established by the authority of the Vedas.
अपेतं ब्राह्मणं वृत्ताद्यो हन्यादाततायिनम्। न तेन ब्रह्महा स स्यान्मन्युस्तं मन्युमृच्छति ॥१२-३५-१९॥
apetaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ vṛttād yo hanyād ātatāyinam। na tena brahmahā sa syān manyus taṃ manyum ṛcchati ॥12-35-19॥
[अपेतम् (apetam) - departed; removed; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brāhmaṇa; (a Brahmin; वृत्तात् (vṛttāt) - from conduct; from righteous path; यः (yaḥ) - who; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should slay; may kill; आततायिनम् (ātatāyinam) - aggressor; criminal; न (na) - not; तेन (tena) - by him; ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a Brāhmaṇa; सः (saḥ) - he; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; becomes; मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger; wrath; तम् (tam) - that; मन्युम् (manyum) - anger; wrath; ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains; reaches;]
(Whoever should slay a Brāhmaṇa who has departed from conduct (righteous path), an aggressor, by him he would not become a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa; anger attains that anger.)
If one kills a Brāhmaṇa who has deviated from righteous conduct and is an aggressor, he does not become a slayer of a Brāhmaṇa by that act; anger meets with that anger.
प्राणात्यये तथाज्ञानादाचरन्मदिरामपि। अचोदितो धर्मपरः पुनः संस्कारमर्हति ॥१२-३५-२०॥
prāṇātyaye tathā-jñānād ācaran madirām api। acodito dharmaparaḥ punaḥ saṃskāram arhati ॥12-35-20॥
[प्राणात्यये (prāṇātyaye) - at the time of loss of life; तथा (tathā) - likewise; अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance; आचरन् (ācaran) - having performed; मदिराम् (madirām) - liquor; अपि (api) - even; अचोदितः (acoditaḥ) - not prompted; धर्मपरः (dharmaparaḥ) - devoted to dharma; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; संस्कारम् (saṃskāram) - purification rite; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]
(At the time of loss of life, likewise from ignorance, having performed even liquor, not prompted, one devoted to dharma again deserves purification rite.)
If, at the time of mortal danger or out of ignorance, a person devoted to dharma consumes liquor without being prompted, he again deserves to undergo the purification rite.
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं कौन्तेयाभक्ष्यभक्षणम्। प्रायश्चित्तविधानेन सर्वमेतेन शुध्यति ॥१२-३५-२१॥
etat te sarvam ākhyātam kaunteya abhakṣya-bhakṣaṇam। prāyaścitta-vidhānena sarvam etena śudhyati ॥12-35-21॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; ते (te) - to you; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been declared; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; अभक्ष्य (abhakṣya) - what is not to be eaten; भक्षणम् (bhakṣaṇam) - eating; प्रायश्चित्तविधानेन (prāyaścitta-vidhānena) - by the rule of expiation; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; एतेन (etena) - by this; शुध्यति (śudhyati) - is purified;]
(This all has been declared to you, O son of Kunti, the eating of what is not to be eaten. By the rule of expiation, all this is purified by this.)
O son of Kunti, all this concerning the eating of what is not to be eaten has been explained to you. By the rule of expiation, all this is purified.
गुरुतल्पं हि गुर्वर्थे न दूषयति मानवम्। उद्दालकः श्वेतकेतुं जनयामास शिष्यतः ॥१२-३५-२२॥
gurutalpaṃ hi gurvarthe na dūṣayati mānavam। uddālakaḥ śvetaketuṃ janayāmāsa śiṣyataḥ ॥12-35-22॥
[गुरुतल्पं (gurutalpaṃ) - teacher's bed; (guru - teacher; talpa - bed;) हि (hi) - indeed; गुर्वर्थे (gurvarthe) - for the sake of the teacher; न (na) - not; दूषयति (dūṣayati) - defiles; मानवम् (mānavam) - a man; उद्दालकः (uddālakaḥ) - Uddālaka; श्वेतकेतुं (śvetaketuṃ) - Śvetaketu; जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - begot; शिष्यतः (śiṣyataḥ) - from (his) disciple;]
(The teacher's bed indeed for the sake of the teacher does not defile a man. Uddālaka begot Śvetaketu from (his) disciple.)
Indeed, lying with the teacher's wife for the teacher's purpose does not defile a man. Uddālaka begot Śvetaketu from his disciple's wife.
स्तेयं कुर्वंस्तु गुर्वर्थमापत्सु न निबध्यते। बहुशः कामकारेण न चेद्यः सम्प्रवर्तते ॥१२-३५-२३॥
steyaṃ kurvaṃstu gurvarthamāpatsu na nibadhyate। bahuśaḥ kāmakāreṇa na cedyah sampravartate ॥12-35-23॥
[स्तेयं (steyaṃ) - theft; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; तु (tu) - but; गुर्वर्थम् (gurvartham) - for the sake of the teacher; आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities; न (na) - not; निबध्यते (nibadhyate) - is bound; बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - often; कामकारेण (kāmakāreṇa) - out of desire; न (na) - not; चेत् (cet) - if; यः (yaḥ) - who; सम्प्रवर्तते (sampravartate) - engages;]
(Theft doing but for the sake of the teacher in calamities not is bound. Often out of desire not if who engages.)
One who commits theft for the sake of the teacher in times of calamity is not bound. But if one often acts out of desire, he is not (so exempted).
अन्यत्र ब्राह्मणस्वेभ्य आददानो न दुष्यति। स्वयमप्राशिता यश्च न स पापेन लिप्यते ॥१२-३५-२४॥
anyatra brāhmaṇasvebhya ādadāno na duṣyati। svayamaprāśitā yaśca na sa pāpena lipyate ॥12-35-24॥
[अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; ब्राह्मणस्वेभ्यः (brāhmaṇasvebhyaḥ) - from the Brahmanas; आददानः (ādadānaḥ) - taking; न (na) - not; दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes tainted; स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself; अप्राशिता (aprāśitā) - not having eaten; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; पापेन (pāpena) - by sin; लिप्यते (lipyate) - is smeared;]
(Elsewhere, one taking from the Brahmanas is not tainted. And he who has not eaten himself is not smeared by sin.)
If one takes (food) from the Brahmanas elsewhere, he is not tainted. And he who has not eaten himself is not affected by sin.
प्राणत्राणेऽनृतं वाच्यमात्मनो वा परस्य वा। गुर्वर्थे स्त्रीषु चैव स्याद्विवाहकरणेषु च ॥१२-३५-२५॥
prāṇatrāṇe'nṛtaṃ vācyam ātmano vā parasya vā। gurvarthe strīṣu caiva syād vivāhakaraṇeṣu ca ॥12-35-25॥
[प्राणत्राणे (prāṇatrāṇe) - in saving life; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood; वाच्यम् (vācyam) - should be spoken; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; वा (vā) - or; परस्य (parasya) - of another; वा (vā) - or; गुरु-अर्थे (guru-arthe) - for the sake of a teacher; स्त्रीषु (strīṣu) - with women; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; विवाह-करणेषु (vivāha-karaṇeṣu) - in marriage arrangements; च (ca) - and;]
(In saving life, falsehood should be spoken, whether of oneself or of another; for the sake of a teacher, with women, and indeed, it may be in marriage arrangements and.)
Falsehood may be spoken to save life, for one's own or another's sake; for the sake of a teacher, with women, and in marriage arrangements.
नावर्तते व्रतं स्वप्ने शुक्रमोक्षे कथञ्चन। आज्यहोमः समिद्धेऽग्नौ प्रायश्चित्तं विधीयते ॥१२-३५-२६॥
nāvartate vrataṃ svapne śukramokṣe kathañcana। ājyahomaḥ samiddhe'gnau prāyaścittaṃ vidhīyate ॥12-35-26॥
[न (na) - not; आवर्तते (āvartate) - is repeated; व्रतम् (vratam) - vow; स्वप्ने (svapne) - in dream; शुक्रमोक्षे (śukramokṣe) - at emission of semen; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way; आज्यहोमः (ājyahomaḥ) - offering of ghee; समिद्धे (samiddhe) - in kindled; अग्नौ (agnau) - in fire; प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - expiation; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed;]
(Not is repeated vow in dream at emission of semen in any way. Offering of ghee in kindled fire expiation is prescribed.)
The vow is not repeated in a dream or at the emission of semen in any way. The expiation prescribed is the offering of ghee in the kindled fire.
पारिवित्त्यं च पतिते नास्ति प्रव्रजिते तथा। भिक्षिते पारदार्यं च न तद्धर्मस्य दूषकम् ॥१२-३५-२७॥
pārivittyaṃ ca patite nāsti pravrajite tathā। bhikṣite pārādāryaṃ ca na taddharmasya dūṣakam ॥12-35-27॥
[पारिवित्त्यं (pārivittyam) - accepting another's wealth; च (ca) - and; पतिते (patite) - in a fallen person; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; प्रव्रजिते (pravrajite) - in a renunciant; तथा (tathā) - likewise; भिक्षिते (bhikṣite) - in a beggar; पारदार्यं (pārādāryam) - intercourse with another's wife; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; तत् (tat) - that; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; दूषकम् (dūṣakam) - defiler;]
(Accepting another's wealth in a fallen person does not exist, likewise in a renunciant; in a beggar, intercourse with another's wife also is not a defiler of that dharma.)
Accepting another's wealth is not considered a fault in a fallen person, nor in a renunciant; for a beggar, intercourse with another's wife is also not regarded as a defilement of his dharma.
वृथापशुसमालम्भं नैव कुर्यान्न कारयेत्। अनुग्रहः पशूणां हि संस्कारो विधिचोदितः ॥१२-३५-२८॥
vṛthāpaśusamālambhaṃ naiva kuryān na kārayet। anugrahaḥ paśūṇāṃ hi saṃskāro vidhicoditaḥ ॥12-35-28॥
[वृथापशुसमालम्भम् (vṛthā-paśu-samālambham) - useless-animal-taking up; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; न (na) - not; कारयेत् (kārayet) - should cause to be done; अनुग्रहः (anugrahaḥ) - favor; पशूणाम् (paśūṇām) - of animals; हि (hi) - indeed; संस्कारः (saṃskāraḥ) - ritual purification; विधि-चोदितः (vidhi-coditaḥ) - enjoined by rule;]
(Useless taking up of animals should not be done nor caused to be done. The favor to animals, indeed, is the ritual purification enjoined by rule.)
One should neither perform nor cause to be performed the unnecessary taking up of animals. The true favor to animals is the ritual purification prescribed by the rules.
अनर्हे ब्राह्मणे दत्तमज्ञानात्तन्न दूषकम्। सकारणं तथा तीर्थेऽतीर्थे वा प्रतिपादनम् ॥१२-३५-२९॥
anarhe brāhmaṇe dattam ajñānāt tan na dūṣakam। sakāraṇaṃ tathā tīrthe 'tīrthe vā pratipādanam ॥12-35-29॥
[अनर्हे (anarhe) - in the unworthy; ब्राह्मणे (brāhmaṇe) - in a Brāhmaṇa; दत्तम् (dattam) - given; अज्ञानात् (ajñānāt) - from ignorance; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; दूषकम् (dūṣakam) - defiling; सकारणम् (sakāraṇam) - with reason; तथा (tathā) - likewise; तीर्थे (tīrthe) - in a sacred place; अतीर्थे (atīrthe) - in a non-sacred place; वा (vā) - or; प्रतिपादनम् (pratipādanam) - offering;]
(In the unworthy Brāhmaṇa, that which is given out of ignorance is not defiling; likewise, offering with reason in a sacred place or a non-sacred place.)
A gift given to an unworthy Brāhmaṇa out of ignorance is not considered defiling; similarly, an offering made with proper reason, whether in a sacred or non-sacred place, is acceptable.
स्त्रियस्तथापचारिण्यो निष्कृतिः स्याददूषिका। अपि सा पूयते तेन न तु भर्ता प्रदुष्यते ॥१२-३५-३०॥
striyastathāpacāriṇyo niṣkṛtiḥ syādadūṣikā। api sā pūyate tena na tu bhartā praduṣyate ॥12-35-30॥
[स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; तथा (tathā) - thus; अपचारिण्यः (apacāriṇyaḥ) - offending; निष्कृतिः (niṣkṛtiḥ) - atonement; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; अदूषिका (adūṣikā) - not blameworthy; अपि (api) - even; सा (sā) - she; पूयते (pūyate) - is purified; तेन (tena) - by that; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; भर्ता (bhartā) - husband; प्रदुष्यते (praduṣyate) - is defiled;]
(Women thus offending, atonement may be not blameworthy; even she is purified by that, but the husband is not defiled.)
If women thus commit an offense, atonement may render them not blameworthy; even so, she is purified by that, but the husband is not defiled.
तत्त्वं ज्ञात्वा तु सोमस्य विक्रयः स्याददूषकः। असमर्थस्य भृत्यस्य विसर्गः स्याददोषवान् ॥ वनदाहो गवामर्थे क्रियमाणो न दूषकः ॥१२-३५-३१॥
tattvaṃ jñātvā tu somasya vikrayaḥ syādadūṣakaḥ। asamarthasya bhṛtyasya visargaḥ syādadoṣavān ॥ vanadāho gavāmarthe kriyamāṇo na dūṣakaḥ ॥12-35-31॥
[तत्त्वं (tattvam) - truth; essence; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known; तु (tu) - but; सोमस्य (somasya) - of Soma; विक्रयः (vikrayaḥ) - sale; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; अदूषकः (adūṣakaḥ) - not blameworthy; असमर्थस्य (asamarthasya) - of the incapable; भृत्यस्य (bhṛtyasya) - of the servant; विसर्गः (visargaḥ) - dismissal; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; अदोषवान् (adoṣavān) - without fault; वनदाहः (vanadāhaḥ) - burning of the forest; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake; क्रियमाणः (kriyamāṇaḥ) - being done; न (na) - not; दूषकः (dūṣakaḥ) - blameworthy;]
(Having known the truth, the sale of Soma is not blameworthy. The dismissal of an incapable servant is without fault. The burning of the forest for the sake of cows, being done, is not blameworthy.)
If one knows the true principle, selling Soma is not blameworthy. Dismissing an incapable servant is not a fault. Burning the forest for the sake of cows is not blameworthy.
उक्तान्येतानि कर्माणि यानि कुर्वन्न दुष्यति। प्रायश्चित्तानि वक्ष्यामि विस्तरेणैव भारत ॥१२-३५-३२॥
uktāny etāni karmāṇi yāni kurvan na duṣyati। prāyaścittāni vakṣyāmi vistareṇaiva bhārata ॥12-35-32॥
[उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken; said; एतानि (etāni) - these; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; deeds; यानि (yāni) - which; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - performing; doing; न (na) - not; दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes tainted; is corrupted; प्रायश्चित्तानि (prāyaścittāni) - expiations; atonements; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall state; I will declare; विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; elaborately; एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; O descendant of Bharata;]
(The actions which have been spoken, performing these one does not become tainted. I shall state the expiations in detail indeed, O Bhārata.)
O Bhārata, performing the actions that have been spoken does not lead to corruption. I will now explain the expiations in detail.
