12.102
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
किंशीलाः किंसमुत्थानाः कथंरूपाश्च भारत। किंसंनाहाः कथंशस्त्रा जनाः स्युः संयुगे नृप ॥१२-१०२-१॥
O Bhārata, what kind of people, of what character, origin, form, armor, and weapons, would be present in battle, O king?
भीष्म उवाच॥
Bhīṣma said.
यथाचरितमेवात्र शस्त्रपत्रं विधीयते। आचारादेव पुरुषस्तथा कर्मसु वर्तते ॥१२-१०२-२॥
As conduct is established here as the scriptural rule, so a person acts in accordance with conduct in all actions.
गान्धाराः सिन्धुसौवीरा नखरप्रासयोधिनः। आभीरवः सुबलिनस्तद्बलं सर्वपारगम् ॥१२-१०२-३॥
The Gandharas, Sindhus, Sauvīras, warriors with clawed weapons, the Ābhīras, and the mighty ones—all these made up that army capable of overcoming every obstacle.
सर्वशस्त्रेषु कुशलाः सत्त्ववन्तो ह्युशीनराः। प्राच्या मातङ्गयुद्धेषु कुशलाः शठयोधिनः ॥१२-१०२-४॥
The Uśīnaras are indeed courageous and skilled in all weapons. The easterners are skilled in elephant warfare and are cunning warriors.
तथा यवनकाम्बोजा मथुरामभितश्च ये। एते नियुद्धकुशला दाक्षिणात्यासिचर्मिणः ॥१२-१०२-५॥
Likewise, the Yavanas and Kambojas, and those around Mathurā—these are skilled in combat, southerners, armed with swords and hide armor.
सर्वत्र शूरा जायन्ते महासत्त्वा महाबलाः। प्राय एष समुद्दिष्टो लक्षणानि तु मे शृणु ॥१२-१०२-६॥
Heroes of great strength and spirit are born everywhere. Generally, this is the indication; but now listen to the characteristics from me.
सिंहशार्दूलवाङ्नेत्राः सिंहशार्दूलगामिनः। पारावतकुलिङ्गाक्षाः सर्वे शूराः प्रमाथिनः ॥१२-१०२-७॥
They have the eyes and speech of lions and tigers, move like lions and tigers, and have the eyes of pigeons and waterfowl; all are valiant and fierce warriors.
मृगस्वरा द्वीपिनेत्रा ऋषभाक्षास्तथापरे। प्रवादिनः सुचण्डाश्च क्रोधिनः किंनरीस्वनाः ॥१२-१०२-८॥
Some had voices like deer, some had eyes like tigers, some had eyes like bulls, and others were talkative, very fierce, angry, and had voices like kinnaris.
मेघस्वनाः क्रुद्धमुखाः केचित्करभनिस्वनाः। जिह्मनासानुजङ्घाश्च दूरगा दूरपातिनः ॥१२-१०२-९॥
Some had voices like clouds, some had angry faces, some sounded like trumpeting elephants; some had crooked noses and thighs, and some could go far and fall at a distance.
बिडालकुब्जास्तनवस्तनुकेशास्तनुत्वचः। शूराश्चपलचित्ताश्च ते भवन्ति दुरासदाः ॥१२-१०२-१०॥
Cats, hunchbacks, the thin, those with scanty hair, those with thin skin, the brave, and the fickle-minded are all difficult to approach.
गोधानिमीलिताः केचिन्मृदुप्रकृतयोऽपि च। तुरङ्गगतिनिर्घोषास्ते नराः पारयिष्णवः ॥१२-१०२-११॥
Some men, gentle by nature, closed their eyes like cows; yet, with the sound of the horses' movement, those men were eager to cross.
सुसंहताः प्रतनवो व्यूढोरस्काः सुसंस्थिताः। प्रवादितेन नृत्यन्ति हृष्यन्ति कलहेषु च ॥१२-१०२-१२॥
They are well-joined, slender-bodied, broad-chested, and well-settled; at the signal, they dance and rejoice in battles.
गम्भीराक्षा निःसृताक्षाः पिङ्गला भ्रुकुटीमुखाः। नकुलाक्षास्तथा चैव सर्वे शूरास्तनुत्यजः ॥१२-१०२-१३॥
All the heroes, with deep eyes, protruding or tawny eyes, frowning faces, and mongoose-like eyes, were ready to give up their bodies in battle.
जिह्माक्षाः प्रललाटाश्च निर्मांसहनवोऽपि च। वक्रबाह्वङ्गुलीसक्ताः कृशा धमनिसन्तताः ॥१२-१०२-१४॥
They were crooked-eyed, with prominent foreheads, fleshless jaws, crooked arms and fingers, emaciated, and their veins were visible.
प्रविशन्त्यतिवेगेन सम्परायेऽभ्युपस्थिते। वारणा इव संमत्तास्ते भवन्ति दुरासदाः ॥१२-१०२-१५॥
When the battle has arrived, they rush in with great speed; like intoxicated elephants, they become impossible to approach.
दीप्तस्फुटितकेशान्ताः स्थूलपार्श्वहनूमुखाः। उन्नतांसाः पृथुग्रीवा विकटाः स्थूलपिण्डिकाः ॥१२-१०२-१६॥
They had shining, bristling hair-ends, thick sides, faces with large jaws, raised shoulders, broad necks, monstrous forms, and thick muscles.
उद्वृत्ताश्चैव सुग्रीवा विनता विहगा इव। पिण्डशीर्षाहिवक्त्राश्च वृषदंशमुखा इव ॥१२-१०२-१७॥
They were upraised, with beautiful necks, bent like birds; with round heads and serpent-like mouths, and faces resembling hornets.
उग्रस्वना मन्युमन्तो युद्धेष्वारावसारिणः। अधर्मज्ञावलिप्ताश्च घोरा रौद्रप्रदर्शिनः ॥१२-१०२-१८॥
They are fierce-voiced, wrathful, shouting loudly in battle, ignorant of righteousness, arrogant, terrible, and display ferocity.
त्यक्तात्मानः सर्व एते अन्त्यजा ह्यनिवर्तिनः। पुरस्कार्याः सदा सैन्ये हन्यन्ते घ्नन्ति चापि ते ॥१२-१०२-१९॥
All these outcastes, having abandoned their lives and never turning back, are always placed at the front in the army; they are killed and they also kill others.
अधार्मिका भिन्नवृत्ताः साध्वेवैषां पराभवः। एवमेव प्रकुप्यन्ति राज्ञोऽप्येते ह्यभीक्ष्णशः ॥१२-१०२-२०॥
For those who are unrighteous and of divided conduct, defeat is certain; in the same way, these people frequently become very angry even with the king.
