12.118
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said.)
Bhīṣma said.
स श्वा प्रकृतिमापन्नः परं दैन्यमुपागमत्। ऋषिणा हुङ्कृतः पापस्तपोवनबहिष्कृतः ॥१२-११८-१॥
sa śvā prakṛtim-āpannaḥ paraṃ dainyam-upāgamat। ṛṣiṇā huṅkṛtaḥ pāpas-tapovana-bahiṣkṛtaḥ ॥12-118-1॥
[स (sa) - he; श्वा (śvā) - dog; प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - original nature; आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having attained; परम् (param) - extreme; दैन्यम् (dainyam) - misery; उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached; ऋषिणा (ṛṣiṇā) - by the sage; हुङ्कृतः (huṅkṛtaḥ) - having been shouted at; पापः (pāpaḥ) - the sinner; तपःवन (tapo-vana) - penance-forest; बहिष्कृतः (bahiṣkṛtaḥ) - expelled;]
(He, the dog, having attained his original nature, approached extreme misery. The sinner, having been shouted at by the sage, was expelled from the penance-forest.)
He, as a dog, reverted to his original nature and fell into utter misery. The sinner, rebuked by the sage, was expelled from the penance-grove.
एवं राज्ञा मतिमता विदित्वा शीलशौचताम्। आर्जवं प्रकृतिं सत्त्वं कुलं वृत्तं श्रुतं दमम् ॥१२-११८-२॥
evaṃ rājñā matimatā viditvā śīlaśaucatām। ārjavaṃ prakṛtiṃ sattvaṃ kulaṃ vṛttaṃ śrutaṃ damam ॥12-118-2॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; मतिमता (matimatā) - wise; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; शीलशौचताम् (śīlaśaucatām) - character and purity; आर्जवं (ārjavam) - uprightness; प्रकृतिं (prakṛtim) - nature; सत्त्वं (sattvam) - goodness; कुलं (kulam) - family; वृत्तं (vṛttam) - conduct; श्रुतं (śrutam) - learning; दमम् (damam) - self-restraint;]
(Thus, by the wise king, having known character and purity, uprightness, nature, goodness, family, conduct, learning, self-restraint.)
Thus, the wise king, having discerned character and purity, uprightness, nature, goodness, family, conduct, learning, and self-restraint.
अनुक्रोशं बलं वीर्यं भावं सम्प्रशमं क्षमाम्। भृत्या ये यत्र योग्याः स्युस्तत्र स्थाप्याः सुशिक्षिताः ॥१२-११८-३॥
anukrośaṃ balaṃ vīryaṃ bhāvaṃ sampraśamaṃ kṣamām। bhṛtyā ye yatra yogyāḥ syus tatra sthāpyāḥ suśikṣitāḥ॥12-118-3॥
[अनुक्रोशम् (anukrośam) - compassion; बलम् (balam) - strength; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - energy; भावम् (bhāvam) - disposition; सम्प्रशमम् (sampraśamam) - complete tranquility; क्षमाम् (kṣamām) - forbearance; भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - servants; ये (ye) - who; यत्र (yatra) - where; योग्याः (yogyāḥ) - qualified; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; तत्र (tatra) - there; स्थाप्याः (sthāpyāḥ) - should be appointed; सुशिक्षिताः (suśikṣitāḥ) - well-trained;]
(Compassion, strength, energy, disposition, complete tranquility, forbearance; servants who are qualified where they may be, there well-trained should be appointed.)
Those servants who possess compassion, strength, energy, good disposition, tranquility, and forbearance, and who are qualified for their place, should be appointed there if they are well-trained.
नापरीक्ष्य महीपालः प्रकर्तुं भृत्यमर्हति। अकुलीननराकीर्णो न राजा सुखमेधते ॥१२-११८-४॥
nāparīkṣya mahīpālaḥ prakartuṃ bhṛtyam arhati। akulīnanarākīrṇo na rājā sukhamedhate ॥12-118-4॥
[न (na) - not; अपरीक्ष्य (aparīkṣya) - without examining; महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king; प्रकर्तुं (prakartuṃ) - to appoint; भृत्यम् (bhṛtyam) - servant; अर्हति (arhati) - should; अकुलीन (akulīna) - of ignoble lineage; नराकीर्णः (narākīrṇaḥ) - filled with men; न (na) - not; राजा (rājā) - king; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; एधते (edhate) - attains;]
(Not having examined, a king should not appoint a servant. A king filled with men of ignoble lineage does not attain happiness.)
A king should not appoint a servant without proper examination. A king surrounded by men of ignoble lineage does not attain happiness.
कुलजः प्रकृतो राज्ञा तत्कुलीनतया सदा। न पापे कुरुते बुद्धिं निन्द्यमानोऽप्यनागसि ॥१२-११८-५॥
kulajaḥ prakṛto rājñā tatkulīnatayā sadā। na pāpe kurute buddhiṃ nindyamāno'pyanāgasi ॥12-118-5॥
[कुलजः (kulajaḥ) - born in a noble family; प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - by nature; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; तत्कुलीनतया (tatkulīnatayā) - by that nobility; सदा (sadā) - always; न (na) - not; पापे (pāpe) - in evil; कुरुते (kurute) - does (he) make; बुद्धिं (buddhiṃ) - intention; निन्द्यमानः (nindyamānaḥ) - being blamed; अपि (api) - even; अनागसि (anāgasi) - when faultless;]
(One born in a noble family, by nature, by the king, by that nobility, always, does not make intention in evil; being blamed, even when faultless.)
A person of noble birth, by nature and recognized by the king for that nobility, never inclines his mind toward evil; even when blamed, he remains faultless.
अकुलीनस्तु पुरुषः प्रकृतः साधुसङ्क्षयात्। दुर्लभैश्वर्यतां प्राप्तो निन्दितः शत्रुतां व्रजेत् ॥१२-११८-६॥
akulīnastu puruṣaḥ prakṛtaḥ sādhu-saṅkṣayāt। durlabhaiśvaryatāṃ prāpto ninditaḥ śatrutāṃ vrajet ॥12-118-6॥
[अकुलीनः (akulīnaḥ) - not of noble family; तु (tu) - but; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; प्रकृतः (prakṛtaḥ) - ordinary; साधु (sādhu) - good person; सङ्क्षयात् (saṅkṣayāt) - from destruction; दुर्लभ (durlabha) - rare; ऐश्वर्यताम् (aiśvaryatām) - prosperity; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having attained; निन्दितः (ninditaḥ) - blamed; शत्रुताम् (śatrutām) - enmity; व्रजेत् (vrajet) - may attain;]
(But an ordinary man not of noble family, due to the destruction of good people, having attained rare prosperity, being blamed, may attain enmity.)
But if an ordinary man not of noble family attains rare prosperity due to the destruction of good people, he, being blamed, may become the object of enmity.
कुलीनं शिक्षितं प्राज्ञं ज्ञानविज्ञानकोविदम्। सर्वशास्त्रार्थतत्त्वज्ञं सहिष्णुं देशजं तथा ॥१२-११८-७॥
kulīnaṃ śikṣitaṃ prājñaṃ jñānavijñānakovidam। sarvaśāstrārthatattvajñaṃ sahiṣṇuṃ deśajaṃ tathā ॥12-118-7॥
[कुलीनं (kulīnam) - of noble lineage; शिक्षितं (śikṣitam) - educated; प्राज्ञं (prājñam) - wise; ज्ञानविज्ञानकोविदम् (jñānavijñānakovidam) - skilled in knowledge and science; सर्वशास्त्रार्थतत्त्वज्ञं (sarvaśāstrārthatattvajñam) - knower of the essence of all śāstras; सहिष्णुं (sahiṣṇum) - patient; देशजं (deśajam) - native; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Of noble lineage, educated, wise, skilled in knowledge and science, knower of the essence of all śāstras, patient, native, also.)
He should be of noble lineage, educated, wise, skilled in knowledge and science, a knower of the essence of all śāstras, patient, and a native as well.
कृतज्ञं बलवन्तं च क्षान्तं दान्तं जितेन्द्रियम्। अलुब्धं लब्धसन्तुष्टं स्वामिमित्रबुभूषकम् ॥१२-११८-८॥
kṛtajñaṃ balavantaṃ ca kṣāntaṃ dāntaṃ jitendriyam। alubdhaṃ labdhasantuṣṭaṃ svāmimitrabubhūṣakam ॥12-118-8॥
[कृतज्ञं (kṛtajñam) - one who is grateful; बलवन्तं (balavantam) - powerful; च (ca) - and; क्षान्तं (kṣāntam) - forbearing; दान्तं (dāntam) - self-controlled; जितेन्द्रियम् (jitendriyam) - one who has conquered the senses; अलुब्धं (alubdham) - not greedy; लब्धसन्तुष्टं (labdhasantuṣṭam) - content with what is obtained; स्वामिमित्रबुभूषकम् (svāmimitrabubhūṣakam) - desirous of pleasing master and friends;]
(Grateful, powerful, and forbearing, self-controlled, one who has conquered the senses, not greedy, content with what is obtained, desirous of pleasing master and friends.)
He is grateful, powerful, forbearing, self-controlled, has conquered his senses, is not greedy, is content with what he obtains, and wishes to please his master and friends.
सचिवं देशकालज्ञं सर्वसङ्ग्रहणे रतम्। सत्कृतं युक्तमनसं हितैषिणमतन्द्रितम् ॥१२-११८-९॥
sacivaṃ deśakālajñaṃ sarvasaṅgrahaṇe ratam। satkṛtaṃ yuktamanasaṃ hitaiṣiṇamatandritam ॥12-118-9॥
[सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister; देश (deśa) - place; कालज्ञम् (kālajñam) - knower of time; सर्वसङ्ग्रहणे (sarvasaṅgrahaṇe) - in collecting all; रतम् (ratam) - engaged; सत्कृतम् (satkṛtam) - respected; युक्तमनसम् (yuktamanasam) - with attentive mind; हितैषिणम् (hitaiṣiṇam) - well-wisher; अतन्द्रितम् (atandritam) - untiring;]
(A minister, knower of place and time, engaged in collecting all, respected, with attentive mind, a well-wisher, untiring.)
A minister should be knowledgeable of place and time, diligent in gathering all resources, respected, attentive, a well-wisher, and tireless in his duties.
युक्ताचारं स्वविषये सन्धिविग्रहकोविदम्। राज्ञस्त्रिवर्गवेत्तारं पौरजानपदप्रियम् ॥१२-११८-१०॥
yuktācāraṃ svaviṣaye sandhivigrahakovidam। rājñastrivargavettāraṃ paurajānapadapriyam ॥12-118-10॥
[युक्त (yukta) - proper; joined; आचारं (ācāram) - conduct; behaviour; स्व (sva) - own; विषये (viṣaye) - in the domain; सन्धि (sandhi) - alliance; agreement; विग्रह (vigraha) - conflict; separation; कोविदम् (kovidam) - expert; skilled; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; त्रिवर्ग (trivarga) - the three aims (dharma, artha, kāma); वेत्तारं (vettāram) - knower; one who knows; पौर (paura) - of the citizens; जानपद (jānapada) - of the country people; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; beloved;]
(Proper in conduct in his own domain, expert in alliance and conflict, knower of the three aims of the king, dear to the citizens and country people.)
He is proper in conduct within his own domain, skilled in making and breaking alliances, knowledgeable in the three aims of life for a king, and beloved by both the citizens and the people of the country.
खातकव्यूहतत्त्वज्ञं बलहर्षणकोविदम्। इङ्गिताकारतत्त्वज्ञं यात्रायानविशारदम् ॥१२-११८-११॥
khātakav-yūha-tattva-jñaṃ bala-harṣaṇa-kovidaṃ | iṅgita-ākāra-tattva-jñaṃ yātrā-yāna-viśāradam ॥12-118-11॥
[खातक (khātaka) - of the assailant; व्यूह (vyūha) - of the battle-array; तत्त्व (tattva) - of the principle; ज्ञं (jñam) - knower; बल (bala) - of strength; हर्षण (harṣaṇa) - of delighting; कोविदम् (kovidam) - expert; इङ्गित (iṅgita) - of gesture; आकार (ākāra) - of form; तत्त्व (tattva) - of the principle; ज्ञं (jñam) - knower; यात्रा (yātrā) - of march; यान (yāna) - of vehicle; विशारदम् (viśāradam) - skilled;]
(Knower of the principle of assailant and battle-array, expert in delighting strength; knower of the principle of gesture and form, skilled in march and vehicle.)
He knows the principles of assailants and battle formations, is skilled in inspiring strength; he understands the principles of gestures and forms, and is adept in the science of marches and vehicles.
हस्तिशिक्षासु तत्त्वज्ञमहङ्कारविवर्जितम्। प्रगल्भं दक्षिणं दान्तं बलिनं युक्तकारिणम् ॥१२-११८-१२॥
hastiśikṣāsu tattvajñamahaṅkāravivarjitam। pragalbhaṃ dakṣiṇaṃ dāntaṃ balinaṃ yuktakāriṇam ॥12-118-12॥
[हस्तिशिक्षासु (hastiśikṣāsu) - in the teachings of elephant-training; तत्त्वज्ञ (tattvajña) - knower of principles; महङ्कार (mahaṅkāra) - great pride; विवर्जितम् (vivarjitam) - devoid of; प्रगल्भं (pragalbham) - bold; दक्षिणं (dakṣiṇam) - skilful; दान्तं (dāntam) - self-controlled; बलिनं (balinam) - strong; युक्तकारिणम् (yuktakāriṇam) - acting appropriately;]
(In the teachings of elephant-training, one who knows the principles, is devoid of great pride, bold, skilful, self-controlled, strong, and acts appropriately.)
In the science of elephant-training, the ideal person is one who understands the principles, is free from arrogance, bold, skilful, self-restrained, strong, and acts with propriety.
चोक्षं चोक्षजनाकीर्णं सुवेषं सुखदर्शनम्। नायकं नीतिकुशलं गुणषष्ट्या समन्वितम् ॥१२-११८-१३॥
cokṣaṃ cokṣajanākīrṇaṃ suveṣaṃ sukhadarśanam। nāyakaṃ nītikuśalaṃ guṇaṣaṣṭyā samanvitam ॥12-118-13॥
[चोक्षम् (cokṣam) - clear; pure; चोक्षजनाकीर्णम् (cokṣajanākīrṇam) - filled with pure people; सुवेषम् (suveṣam) - well-dressed; सुखदर्शनम् (sukhadarśanam) - pleasant to behold; नायकम् (nāyakam) - leader; नीतिकुशलम् (nītikuśalam) - skilled in policy; गुणषष्ट्या (guṇaṣaṣṭyā) - with sixty qualities; समन्वितम् (samanvitam) - endowed; ॥१२-११८-१३॥ (॥12-118-13॥) - ;]
(Clear, filled with pure people, well-dressed, pleasant to behold, a leader, skilled in policy, endowed with sixty qualities.)
He was clear, surrounded by pure people, well-dressed, pleasant to look at, a leader skilled in policy, endowed with sixty virtues.
अस्तब्धं प्रश्रितं शक्तं मृदुवादिनमेव च। धीरं श्लक्ष्णं महर्द्धिं च देशकालोपपादकम् ॥१२-११८-१४॥
astabdhaṃ praśritaṃ śaktaṃ mṛduvādinam-eva ca। dhīraṃ ślakṣṇaṃ maharddhiṃ ca deśakālopa-pādakam ॥12-118-14॥
[अस्तब्धं (astabdhaṃ) - not-arrogant; प्रश्रितं (praśritaṃ) - humble; शक्तं (śaktaṃ) - capable; मृदु (mṛdu) - gentle; वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaker; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; धीरं (dhīraṃ) - steadfast; श्लक्ष्णं (ślakṣṇaṃ) - polite; महार्धिं (maharddhiṃ) - greatly prosperous; च (ca) - and; देश (deśa) - place; काल (kāla) - time; उपपादकम् (upapādakam) - appropriate;]
(Not-arrogant, humble, capable, gentle speaker indeed and, steadfast, polite, greatly prosperous and, appropriate to place and time.)
One should be unassuming, humble, capable, gentle in speech, steadfast, polite, greatly prosperous, and act appropriately according to place and time.
सचिवं यः प्रकुरुते न चैनमवमन्यते। तस्य विस्तीर्यते राज्यं ज्योत्स्ना ग्रहपतेरिव ॥१२-११८-१५॥
sacivaṃ yaḥ prakurute na cainamavamanyate। tasya vistīryate rājyaṃ jyotsnā grahapteriva ॥12-118-15॥
[सचिवम् (sacivam) - minister; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रकुरुते (prakurute) - appoints; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; एनम् (enam) - him; अवमन्यते (avamanyate) - disregards; तस्य (tasya) - his; विस्तीर्यते (vistīryate) - expands; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; ज्योत्स्ना (jyotsnā) - moonlight; ग्रहपतेः (grahapter) - of the lord of planets (moon); इव (iva) - like;]
(Who appoints a minister and does not disregard him, his kingdom expands like the moonlight of the lord of planets (the moon).)
He who appoints a minister and does not disregard him, his kingdom expands like the moonlight of the moon.
एतैरेव गुणैर्युक्तो राजा शास्त्रविशारदः। एष्टव्यो धर्मपरमः प्रजापालनतत्परः ॥१२-११८-१६॥
etaireva guṇairyukto rājā śāstraviśāradaḥ। eṣṭavyo dharmaparamaḥ prajāpālanatatparaḥ ॥12-118-16॥
[एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these; एव (eva) - indeed; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with qualities; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; राजा (rājā) - king; शास्त्रविशारदः (śāstraviśāradaḥ) - expert in śāstra; एष्टव्यः (eṣṭavyaḥ) - to be chosen; धर्मपरमः (dharmaparamaḥ) - supreme in dharma; प्रजापालनतत्परः (prajāpālanatatparaḥ) - devoted to protection of subjects;]
(A king endowed with these very qualities, expert in śāstra, to be chosen, supreme in dharma, devoted to protection of subjects.)
A king who possesses these qualities, is an expert in śāstra, should be chosen—he who is supremely devoted to dharma and to the protection of his people.
धीरो मर्षी शुचिः शीघ्रः काले पुरुषकारवित्। शुश्रूषुः श्रुतवाञ्श्रोता ऊहापोहविशारदः ॥१२-११८-१७॥
dhīro marṣī śuciḥ śīghraḥ kāle puruṣakāravit। śuśrūṣuḥ śrutavāñśrotā ūhāpohaviśāradaḥ ॥12-118-17॥
[धीरो (dhīraḥ) - steadfast; मर्षी (marṣī) - forbearing; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; शीघ्रः (śīghraḥ) - quick; काले (kāle) - in time; पुरुषकारवित् (puruṣakāravit) - knower of human effort; शुश्रूषुः (śuśrūṣuḥ) - eager to listen; श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - well-heard; श्रोता (śrotā) - listener; ऊहापोहविशारदः (ūhāpohaviśāradaḥ) - skilled in inference and refutation;]
(Steadfast, forbearing, pure, quick, timely, knower of human effort, eager to listen, well-heard, listener, skilled in inference and refutation.)
He is steadfast, patient, pure, quick to act at the right time, knowledgeable about human effort, eager to listen, well-versed in what is heard, a good listener, and skilled in reasoning and refutation.
मेधावी धारणायुक्तो यथान्यायोपपादकः। दान्तः सदा प्रियाभाषी क्षमावांश्च विपर्यये ॥१२-११८-१८॥
medhāvī dhāraṇāyukto yathānyāyopapādakaḥ। dāntaḥ sadā priyābhāṣī kṣamāvāṃśca viparyaye ॥12-118-18॥
[मेधावी (medhāvī) - possessing intelligence; धारणायुक्तः (dhāraṇāyuktaḥ) - endowed with retention; यथा (yathā) - as; अन्याय (anyāya) - improperness; उपपादकः (upapādakaḥ) - one who establishes; दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-restrained; सदा (sadā) - always; प्रियाभाषी (priyābhāṣī) - speaking pleasantly; क्षमावान् (kṣamāvān) - possessing forbearance; च (ca) - and; विपर्यये (viparyaye) - in adversity;]
(Possessing intelligence, endowed with retention, as one who establishes what is proper, self-restrained, always speaking pleasantly, possessing forbearance and in adversity.)
He who is intelligent, endowed with retention, establishes what is proper, is self-restrained, always speaks pleasantly, and is forbearing even in adversity.
दानाच्छेदे स्वयङ्कारी सुद्वारः सुखदर्शनः। आर्तहस्तप्रदो नित्यमाप्तंमन्यो नये रतः ॥१२-११८-१९॥
dānācchede svayaṅkārī sudvāraḥ sukhadarśanaḥ। ārtahastaprado nityamāptaṃmanyo naye rataḥ ॥12-118-19॥
[दानाच्छेदे (dānācchede) - in the matter of division of gifts; स्वयङ्कारी (svayaṅkārī) - self-acting; सुद्वारः (sudvāraḥ) - having good doors; सुखदर्शनः (sukhadarśanaḥ) - pleasant to behold; आर्तहस्तप्रदः (ārtahastapradaḥ) - giver to the hands of the distressed; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; आप्तंमन्यः (āptaṃmanyaḥ) - regarding the trusted as dear; नये (naye) - in policy; रतः (rataḥ) - engaged;]
(In the matter of division of gifts, self-acting, having good doors, pleasant to behold, always giving to the hands of the distressed, regarding the trusted as dear, engaged in policy.)
He is self-reliant in distributing gifts, has well-guarded entrances, is pleasing to look at, always helps the distressed directly, values trusted people, and is devoted to good governance.
नाहंवादी न निर्द्वंद्वो न यत्किञ्चनकारकः। कृते कर्मण्यमोघानां कर्ता भृत्यजनप्रियः ॥१२-११८-२०॥
nāhaṃvādī na nirdvandvo na yatkiñcanakārakaḥ। kṛte karmaṇyamoghānāṃ kartā bhṛtyajanapriyaḥ ॥12-118-20॥
[न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; वादी (vādī) - one who argues; न (na) - not; निर्द्वंद्वः (nirdvandvaḥ) - free from dualities; न (na) - not; यत्किञ्चनकारकः (yatkiñcanakārakaḥ) - one who causes anything whatsoever; कृते (kṛte) - in what is done; कर्मण्यमोघानां (karmaṇyamoghānāṃ) - of those whose actions are not in vain; कर्ता (kartā) - doer; भृत्यजनप्रियः (bhṛtyajanapriyaḥ) - dear to servants and people;]
(Not I one who argues, not free from dualities, not one who causes anything whatsoever. In what is done, of those whose actions are not in vain, doer, dear to servants and people.)
I am not one who argues, nor am I free from dualities, nor do I cause anything whatsoever. In what is done, I am the doer of those whose actions are not in vain, and I am dear to servants and people.
सङ्गृहीतजनोऽस्तब्धः प्रसन्नवदनः सदा। दाता भृत्यजनावेक्षी न क्रोधी सुमहामनाः ॥१२-११८-२१॥
saṅgṛhītajano'stabdhaḥ prasannavadanaḥ sadā। dātā bhṛtyajanāvekṣī na krodhī sumahāmanāḥ ॥12-118-21॥
[सङ्गृहीत (saṅgṛhīta) - gathered; जनः (janaḥ) - people; अस्तब्धः (astabdhaḥ) - unshaken; प्रसन्न (prasanna) - clear; वदनः (vadanaḥ) - face; सदा (sadā) - always; दाता (dātā) - giver; भृत्य (bhṛtya) - servant; जन (jana) - people; अवेक्षी (avekṣī) - one who observes; न (na) - not; क्रोधी (krodhī) - angry; सुमहा (sumahā) - very great; मनाः (manāḥ) - minded;]
(Gathered people unshaken, clear-faced always, giver, servant-people-observer, not angry, very great-minded.)
He is always surrounded by people, unshaken, with a clear face, ever a giver, observant of his servants, not prone to anger, and of very great mind.
युक्तदण्डो न निर्दण्डो धर्मकार्यानुशासकः। चारनेत्रः परावेक्षी धर्मार्थकुशलः सदा ॥१२-११८-२२॥
yuktadaṇḍo na nirdaṇḍo dharmakāryānuśāsakaḥ। cāranetraḥ parāvekṣī dharmārthakuśalaḥ sadā ॥12-118-22॥
[युक्तदण्डः (yuktadaṇḍaḥ) - one with appropriate punishment; न (na) - not; निर्दण्डः (nirdaṇḍaḥ) - without punishment; धर्मकार्य-अनुशासकः (dharmakārya-anuśāsakaḥ) - one who enforces righteous actions; चार-नेत्रः (cāra-netraḥ) - having spies as eyes; पर-अवेक्षी (para-avekṣī) - one who observes others; धर्म-अर्थ-कुशलः (dharma-artha-kuśalaḥ) - skilled in righteousness and wealth; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(One with appropriate punishment, not without punishment, who enforces righteous actions, having spies as eyes, one who observes others, skilled in righteousness and wealth, always.)
He should always be one who metes out appropriate punishment, not one who is without punishment, who enforces righteous actions, who has spies as his eyes, who observes others, and who is skilled in righteousness and wealth.
राजा गुणशताकीर्ण एष्टव्यस्तादृशो भवेत्। योधाश्चैव मनुष्येन्द्र सर्वैर्गुणगुणैर्वृताः ॥१२-११८-२३॥
rājā guṇaśatākīrṇa eṣṭavyastādṛśo bhavet। yodhāścaiva manuṣyendra sarvairguṇaguṇairvṛtāḥ ॥12-118-23॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; गुणशताकीर्ण (guṇaśatākīrṇa) - endowed with hundreds of virtues; एष्टव्यः (eṣṭavyaḥ) - to be desired; तादृशः (tādṛśaḥ) - such; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king of men; सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - with all; गुणगुणैः (guṇaguṇaiḥ) - qualities of virtues; वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - endowed;]
(The king endowed with hundreds of virtues should be such as to be desired; and, O king of men, the warriors indeed should be endowed with all qualities of virtues.)
The king should possess hundreds of virtues and be worthy of desire; likewise, O king of men, the warriors should be endowed with every noble quality.
अन्वेष्टव्याः सुपुरुषाः सहाया राज्यधारणाः। न विमानयितव्याश्च राज्ञा वृद्धिमभीप्सता ॥१२-११८-२४॥
anveṣṭavyāḥ supuruṣāḥ sahāyā rājya-dhāraṇāḥ। na vimānayitavyāś ca rājñā vṛddhim abhīpsatā ॥12-118-24॥
[अन्वेष्टव्याः (anveṣṭavyāḥ) - to be sought out; (from anu-√iṣ, desiderative passive participle); सुपुरुषाः (supuruṣāḥ) - good men; (su- + puruṣa); सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) - helpers; (from saha + āya); राज्यधारणाः (rājya-dhāraṇāḥ) - supporters of the kingdom; (rājya + dhāraṇa); न (na) - not; विमानयितव्याः (vimānayitavyāḥ) - to be disrespected; (vi- + māna + causative passive participle); च (ca) - and; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - growth; increase; अभीप्सता (abhīpsatā) - desiring; (desiring to obtain; from abhi-√īps, desiderative participle);]
(Good men, helpers, supporters of the kingdom are to be sought out; not to be disrespected by the king desiring growth.)
A king who desires the growth of his kingdom should seek out good men, helpers, and supporters of the kingdom, and should not disrespect them.
योधाः समरशौटीराः कृतज्ञाः शस्त्रकोविदाः। धर्मशास्त्रसमायुक्ताः पदातिजनसंयुताः ॥१२-११८-२५॥
yodhāḥ samaraśauṭīrāḥ kṛtajñāḥ śastrakovidāḥ। dharmaśāstrasamāyuktāḥ padātijanasaṃyutāḥ ॥12-118-25॥
[योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; समरशौटीराः (samaraśauṭīrāḥ) - skilled-in-battle; कृतज्ञाः (kṛtajñāḥ) - grateful; शस्त्रकोविदाः (śastrakovidāḥ) - adept-in-weapons; धर्मशास्त्रसमायुक्ताः (dharmaśāstrasamāyuktāḥ) - endowed-with-the-law-scriptures; पदातिजनसंयुताः (padātijanasaṃyutāḥ) - accompanied-by-foot-soldiers;]
(Warriors, skilled in battle, grateful, adept in weapons, endowed with the law scriptures, accompanied by foot soldiers.)
They are warriors, skilled in battle, grateful, adept in weapons, versed in the law scriptures, and accompanied by foot soldiers.
अर्थमानविवृद्धाश्च रथचर्याविशारदाः। इष्वस्त्रकुशला यस्य तस्येयं नृपतेर्मही ॥१२-११८-२६॥
arthamānavivṛddhāś ca rathacaryāviśāradāḥ। iṣvastrakuśalā yasya tasyeyaṃ nṛpater mahī ॥12-118-26॥
[अर्थ (artha) - wealth; मान (māna) - honor; विवृद्धाः (vivṛddhāḥ) - increased; च (ca) - and; रथचर्या (rathacaryā) - chariot-driving; विशारदाः (viśāradāḥ) - skilled; इषु (iṣu) - arrow; अस्त्र (astra) - weapon; कुशला (kuśalā) - adept; यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; तस्य (tasya) - his; इयम् (iyam) - this; नृपतेः (nṛpateḥ) - of the king; मही (mahī) - earth;]
(Wealth and honor increased and skilled in chariot-driving, adept in arrow and weapon, in whom, his, this earth of the king.)
This earth belongs to that king in whom wealth and honor have increased, who is skilled in chariot-driving and adept in the use of arrows and weapons.
सर्वसङ्ग्रहणे युक्तो नृपो भवति यः सदा। उत्थानशीलो मित्राढ्यः स राजा राजसत्तमः ॥१२-११८-२७॥
sarvasaṅgrahaṇe yukto nṛpo bhavati yaḥ sadā। utthānaśīlo mitrāḍhyaḥ sa rājā rājasattamaḥ ॥12-118-27॥
[सर्व (sarva) - all; सङ्ग्रहणे (saṅgrahaṇe) - in collecting; in gathering; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - engaged; endowed; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; यः (yaḥ) - who; सदा (sadā) - always; उत्थानशीलः (utthānaśīlaḥ) - having the nature of effort; diligent; मित्राढ्यः (mitrāḍhyaḥ) - rich in friends; सः (saḥ) - he; राजा (rājā) - king; राजसत्तमः (rājasattamaḥ) - the best among kings;]
(He who is always engaged in gathering all, the king becomes; diligent, rich in friends, he is the king, the best among kings.)
A king who is always engaged in gathering all, diligent and rich in friends, is the best among kings.
शक्या अश्वसहस्रेण वीरारोहेण भारत। सङ्गृहीतमनुष्येण कृत्स्ना जेतुं वसुन्धरा ॥१२-११८-२८॥
śakyā aśvasahasreṇa vīrāroheṇa bhārata। saṅgṛhītamanuṣyeṇa kṛtsnā jetuṃ vasundharā ॥12-118-28॥
[शक्या (śakyā) - possible; अश्वसहस्रेण (aśvasahasreṇa) - by a thousand horses; वीरारोहेण (vīrāroheṇa) - by a heroic rider; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सङ्गृहीतमनुष्येण (saṅgṛhītamanuṣyeṇa) - by a gathered (united) man; कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire; जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer; वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth;]
(Possible by a thousand horses, by a heroic rider, O Bhārata, by a united man, the entire earth to conquer.)
O Bhārata, it is possible to conquer the entire earth with a thousand horses, a heroic rider, and a united man.
