13.133
उमोवाच॥
umovāca॥
[उमा (umā) - Umā; (proper noun, feminine name; a goddess;) उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he/she/it spoke; from root √vac, perfect tense 3rd person singular;]
(Umā said;)
Umā said.
किंशीलाः किंसमाचाराः पुरुषाः कैश्च कर्मभिः। स्वर्गं समभिपद्यन्ते सम्प्रदानेन केन वा ॥१३-१३३-१॥
kiṁśīlāḥ kiṁsamācārāḥ puruṣāḥ kaiśca karmabhiḥ। svargaṁ samabhipadyante sampradānena kena vā॥13-133-1॥
[किंशीलाः (kiṁśīlāḥ) - of what character; किंसमाचाराः (kiṁsamācārāḥ) - of what conduct; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men; कैश्च (kaiśca) - by which; कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - actions; स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - heaven; समभिपद्यन्ते (samabhipadyante) - attain; सम्प्रदानेन (sampradānena) - by giving; केन (kena) - by which; वा (vā) - or;]
(Of what character, of what conduct men, by which actions, attain heaven, or by which giving?)
What kind of character and conduct must men have, and by what actions or by what sort of giving do they attain heaven? (13-133-1)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
maheśvara uvāca॥
[महेश्वर (maheśvara) - great lord; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Great lord said;)
The great lord said.
दाता ब्राह्मणसत्कर्ता दीनान्धकृपणादिषु। भक्ष्यभोज्यान्नपानानां वाससां च प्रदायकः ॥१३-१३३-२॥
dātā brāhmaṇasatkartā dīnāndhakṛpaṇādiṣu। bhakṣyabhojyānnapānānāṃ vāsasāṃ ca pradāyakaḥ ॥13-133-2॥
[दाता (dātā) - giver;, ब्राह्मणसत्कर्ता (brāhmaṇasatkartā) - one who honors brāhmaṇas;, दीनान्धकृपणादिषु (dīnāndhakṛpaṇādiṣu) - towards the poor, the blind, the miserable, etc.;, भक्ष्यभोज्यान्नपानानां (bhakṣya-bhojya-anna-pānānāṃ) - of edible, eatable foods, grains, and drinks;, वाससां (vāsasām) - of garments;, च (ca) - and;, प्रदायकः (pradāyakaḥ) - bestower;]
(Giver, one who honors brāhmaṇas, towards the poor, blind, and miserable, etc.; of edibles, eatables, grains, drinks, of garments and bestower.)
He is a giver, one who honors brāhmaṇas, bestower of edibles, foods, grains, drinks and garments to the poor, blind, miserable, and others. (13-133-2)
प्रतिश्रयान्सभाः कूपान्प्रपाः पुष्करिणीस्तथा। नैत्यकानि च सर्वाणि किमिच्छकमतीव च ॥१३-१३३-३॥
pratiśrayān sabhāḥ kūpān prapāḥ puṣkariṇīḥ tathā। naityakāni ca sarvāṇi kim-icchakam atīva ca॥13-133-3॥
[प्रतिश्रयान् (pratiśrayān) - resting places; (shelters); सभाः (sabhāḥ) - assembly halls; (meeting places); कूपान् (kūpān) - wells; प्रपाः (prapāḥ) - drinking places; (watering places); पुष्करिणीः (puṣkariṇīḥ) - ponds; (lotus-ponds); तथा (tathā) - as well; (also); नैत्यकानि (naityakāni) - daily (religious) works; (permanent works); च (ca) - and; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; किमिच्छकम् (kim-icchakam) - whatever (is) desired; (as desired); अतीव (atīva) - very; (exceedingly); च (ca) - and;]
(Resting places, assembly halls, wells, drinking places, and ponds as well, and all daily (religious) works, and as much as is desired, and very (much).)
Resting places, assembly halls, wells, drinking places, ponds, and all kinds of daily religious works—indeed anything and everything desired in great abundance. (13-133-3)
आसनं शयनं यानं धनं रत्नं गृहांस्तथा। सस्यजातानि सर्वाणि गाः क्षेत्राण्यथ योषितः ॥१३-१३३-४॥
āsanaṃ śayanaṃ yānaṃ dhanaṃ ratnaṃ gṛhāṃs tathā। sasya-jātāni sarvāṇi gāḥ kṣetrāṇi atha yoṣitaḥ ॥13-133-4॥
[आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; शयनम् (śayanam) - bed; यानम् (yānam) - vehicle; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; रत्नम् (ratnam) - jewel; गृहान् (gṛhān) - houses; तथा (tathā) - likewise; सस्यजातानि (sasya-jātāni) - kinds of crops; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; गाः (gāḥ) - cows; क्षेत्राणि (kṣetrāṇi) - fields; अथ (atha) - and; योषितः (yoṣitaḥ) - women;]
(A seat, bed, vehicle, wealth, jewel, houses likewise; all kinds of crops, cows, fields and women.)
A seat, a bed, a vehicle, wealth, jewels, houses, all kinds of crops, cows, fields, and women. (13-133-4)
सुप्रतीतमना नित्यं यः प्रयच्छति मानवः। एवम्भूतो मृतो देवि देवलोकेऽभिजायते ॥१३-१३३-५॥
supratītamanā nityaṁ yaḥ prayacchati mānavaḥ। evambhūto mṛto devi devaloke'bhijāyate॥13-133-5॥
[सुप्रतीतमना (supratītamanā) - with very satisfied mind; नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - man; एवम्भूतः (evambhūtaḥ) - such as this; मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead; देवि (devi) - O Goddess; देवलोके (devaloke) - in the world of the gods; अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is born;]
(With very satisfied mind constantly who gives man, such as this, dead, O Goddess, in the world of the gods is born.)
O Goddess, a man who, with a very satisfied mind, constantly gives (charity), when such a one dies, is born in the world of the gods. (13-133-5)
तत्रोष्य सुचिरं कालं भुक्त्वा भोगाननुत्तमान्। सहाप्सरोभिर्मुदितो रमित्वा नन्दनादिषु ॥१३-१३३-६॥
tatroṣya suciraṃ kālaṃ bhuktvā bhogān anuttamān। sahāpsarobhir mudito ramitvā nandanādiṣu॥ 13-133-6॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; उष्य (uṣya) - having dwelt; सुचिरं (suciraṃ) - for a very long; कालं (kālaṃ) - time; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed; भोगान् (bhogān) - pleasures; अनुत्तमान् (anuttamān) - unsurpassed; सहा (sahā) - together with; अप्सरःभिः (apsarobhiḥ) - apsarases; मुदितः (muditaḥ) - rejoicing; रमित्वा (ramitvā) - having enjoyed; नन्दन-अदिषु (nandanādiṣu) - in Nandana and other [gardens];]
(there having dwelt for a very long time, having enjoyed unsurpassed pleasures, together with apsarases rejoicing, having enjoyed in Nandana and others.)
There, having dwelt for a very long time and enjoyed the unsurpassed pleasures together with the apsarases, rejoicing and taking delight in Nandana and other gardens. (13-133-6)
तस्मात्स्वर्गाच्च्युतो लोकान्मानुषेषूपजायते। महाभोगे कुले देवि धनधान्यसमाचिते ॥१३-१३३-७॥
tasmātsvargācchyuto lokān mānuṣeṣūpajāyate। mahābhoge kule devi dhanadhānyasamācite ॥13-133-7॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (cause); स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven; च्युतः (chyutaḥ) - fallen; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; मानुषेषु (mānuṣeṣu) - among men; उपजायते (upajāyate) - is born; महाभोगे (mahābhoge) - of great enjoyment; कुले (kule) - in a family; देवि (devi) - O Devi; धन-धान्य-समाचिते (dhana-dhānya-samācite) - endowed with wealth and grain;]
(From that (cause), having fallen from heaven, among the worlds, among men, is born, in a family of great enjoyment, O Devi, endowed with wealth and grain.)
Therefore, O Devi, one who has fallen from heaven is born among men, in a family of great enjoyment, endowed with wealth and grain. (13-133-7)
तत्र कामगुणैः सर्वैः समुपेतो मुदा युतः। महाभोगो महाकोशो धनी भवति मानवः ॥१३-१३३-८॥
tatra kāmaguṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ samupeto mudā yutaḥ. mahābhogo mahākośo dhanī bhavati mānavaḥ ॥13-133-8॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; कामगुणैः (kāmaguṇaiḥ) - with all qualities of desire; सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - with all; समुपेतः (samupetaḥ) - completely endowed; मुदा (mudā) - with joy; युतः (yutaḥ) - associated; महाभोगः (mahābhogaḥ) - great enjoyer; महाकोशः (mahākośaḥ) - great treasury; धनी (dhanī) - rich; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - man;]
(There, with all qualities of desire, completely endowed, with joy, associated, great enjoyer, great treasury, rich, becomes man.)
There, a man endowed with all the qualities of desire, joined with joy, becomes a great enjoyer, possesses a great treasury, and becomes wealthy. (13-133-8)
एते देवि महाभोगाः प्राणिनो दानशीलिनः। ब्रह्मणा वै पुरा प्रोक्ताः सर्वस्य प्रियदर्शनाः ॥१३-१३३-९॥
ete devi mahābhogāḥ prāṇino dānaśīlinaḥ। brahmaṇā vai purā proktāḥ sarvasya priyadarśanāḥ॥13-133-9॥
[एते (ete) - these; देवि (devi) - O goddess; महाभोगाः (mahābhogāḥ) - great enjoyments; प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - beings; दानशीलिनः (dānaśīlinaḥ) - giver-natured; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā; वै (vai) - indeed; पुरा (purā) - formerly; प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - were declared; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all; प्रियदर्शनाः (priyadarśanāḥ) - pleasing in appearance;]
(These, O goddess, great enjoyments, beings of giver-nature, by Brahmā indeed formerly were declared, of all pleasing in appearance.)
These, O goddess, are great enjoyments. Beings with the nature of giving were indeed formerly declared by Brahmā as those pleasing in appearance to all. (13-133-9)
अपरे मानवा देवि प्रदानकृपणा द्विजैः। याचिता न प्रयच्छन्ति विद्यमानेऽप्यबुद्धयः ॥१३-१३३-१०॥
apare mānavā devi pradānakṛpaṇā dvijaiḥ। yācitā na prayacchanti vidyamāne'pyabuddhayaḥ ॥13-133-10॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans; देवि (devi) - O goddess; प्रदानकृपणा (pradānakṛpaṇā) - miserly in giving; द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by twice-born (Brahmins); याचिताः (yācitāḥ) - having been asked; न (na) - not; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give; विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) - being present; अपि (api) - even; अबुद्धयः (abuddhayaḥ) - foolish ones;]
(Others, humans, O goddess, miserly in giving, by twice-born, when asked, do not give, even when present, the foolish ones.)
O goddess, there are other humans, miserly in giving, who, even when asked by the twice-born, do not give, even though they have (something); they are foolish. (13-133-10)
दीनान्धकृपणान्दृष्ट्वा भिक्षुकानतिथीनपि। याच्यमाना निवर्तन्ते जिह्वालोभसमन्विताः ॥१३-१३३-११॥
dīnāndhakṛpaṇāndṛṣṭvā bhikṣukānatithīnapi। yācyamānā nivartante jihvālobhasamanvitāḥ ॥13-133-11॥
[दीन-अन्ध-कृपणान्-दृष्ट्वा (dīna-andha-kṛpaṇān-dṛṣṭvā) - having seen the poor, the blind, and the miserable; भिक्षुकान्-अतिथीन्-अपि (bhikṣukān-atithīn-api) - the beggars and also guests; याच्यमानाः (yācyamānāḥ) - being requested; निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - turn away; जिह्वा-लोभ-समन्विताः (jihvā-lobha-samanvitāḥ) - filled with greed of the tongue;]
(Having seen the poor, the blind, and the miserable, also beggars and guests, being requested, filled with greed of the tongue, they turn away.)
Even when they see the poor, the blind, the miserable, beggars, and guests, those filled with greed for taste turn away, even when requested. (13-133-11)
न धनानि न वासांसि न भोगान्न च काञ्चनम्। न गावो नान्नविकृतिं प्रयच्छन्ति कदाचन ॥१३-१३३-१२॥
na dhanāni na vāsāṃsi na bhogānna ca kāñcanam। na gāvo nānnavikṛtiṃ prayacchanti kadācana ॥13-133-12॥
[न (na) - not; धनानि (dhanāni) - wealths; न (na) - not; वासांसि (vāsāṃsi) - garments; न (na) - not; भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - gold; न (na) - not; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; न (na) - not; अन्नविकृतिम् (annavikṛtim) - processed food; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - give; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time;]
(Not wealths, not garments, not enjoyments, and not gold; not cows, not processed food, do they give at any time.)
They never give wealth, garments, enjoyments, gold, cows, or processed food at any time. (13-133-12)
अप्रवृत्तास्तु ये लुब्धा नास्तिका दानवर्जिताः। एवम्भूता नरा देवि निरयं यान्त्यबुद्धयः ॥१३-१३३-१३॥
apravṛttās tu ye lubdhā nāstikā dānavarjitāḥ. evambhūtā narā devi nirayaṃ yāntyabuddhayaḥ ॥13-133-13॥
[अप्रवृत्ताः (apravṛttāḥ) - not inclined (to righteous acts); तु (tu) - but; ये (ye) - those who; लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy; नास्तिकाः (nāstikāḥ) - atheists; दानवर्जिताः (dānavarjitāḥ) - devoid of charity; एवम् (evam) - thus; भूताः (bhūtāḥ) - having been; नराः (narāḥ) - men; देवि (devi) - O Goddess; निरयम् (nirayam) - hell; यान्ति (yānti) - go; अबुद्धयः (abuddhayaḥ) - foolish;]
(But those not inclined (to righteous acts), greedy, atheists, devoid of charity, thus being men, O Goddess, foolish, go to hell.)
O Goddess, men who are not inclined (to righteous acts), greedy, atheistic, devoid of charity, and of such nature, being foolish, go to hell. (13-133-13)
ते चेन्मनुष्यतां यान्ति यदा कालस्य पर्ययात्। धनरिक्ते कुले जन्म लभन्ते स्वल्पबुद्धयः ॥१३-१३३-१४॥
te cen manuṣyatāṃ yānti yadā kālasya paryayāt। dhana-rikte kule janma labhante svalpa-buddhayaḥ ॥13-133-14॥
[ते (te) - they; चेत् (cet) - if; मनुष्यताम् (manuṣyatām) - human state; यान्ति (yānti) - go (to); यदा (yadā) - when; कालस्य (kālasya) - of (their) time; पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - by turn; by the change; धनरिक्ते (dhana-rikte) - devoid of wealth; कुले (kule) - in family; जन्म (janma) - birth; लभन्ते (labhante) - obtain; स्वल्पबुद्धयः (svalpa-buddhayaḥ) - of little intelligence;]
(They, if human state go (to), when of (their) time by the change, devoid of wealth in family birth obtain, of little intelligence.)
If they attain human birth when their time comes to an end, those of little intelligence are born in a family devoid of wealth. (13-133-14)
क्षुत्पिपासापरीताश्च सर्वभोगबहिष्कृताः। निराशाः सर्वभोगेभ्यो जीवन्त्यधमजीविकाम् ॥१३-१३३-१५॥
kṣutpipāsāparītāś ca sarvabhogabahiṣkṛtāḥ। nirāśāḥ sarvabhogebhyo jīvanty adhamajīvikām॥13-133-15॥
[क्षुत्पिपासा (kṣutpipāsā) - hunger and thirst; परिताः (parītāḥ) - afflicted; च (ca) - and; सर्वभोग (sarvabhoga) - all enjoyments; बहिष्कृताः (bahiṣkṛtāḥ) - excluded; निराशाः (nirāśāḥ) - hopeless; सर्वभोगेभ्यः (sarvabhogebhyaḥ) - from all enjoyments; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live; अधम (adhama) - lowest; जीविकाम् (jīvikām) - livelihood;]
(Afflicted by hunger and thirst and excluded from all enjoyments, hopeless from all enjoyments, they live the lowest livelihood.)
Afflicted by hunger and thirst, excluded from all pleasures, and despairing of every enjoyment, they sustain themselves with the lowest means of living. (13-133-15)
अल्पभोगकुले जाता अल्पभोगरता नराः। अनेन कर्मणा देवि भवन्त्यधनिनो नराः ॥१३-१३३-१६॥
alpabhogakule jātā alpabhogarataḥ narāḥ. anena karmaṇā devi bhavantyadhanino narāḥ ॥13-133-16॥
[अल्पभोगकुले (alpabhogakule) - in a family of little enjoyment; जाता (jātā) - born; अल्पभोगरता (alpabhogarataḥ) - those who delight in little enjoyment; नराः (narāḥ) - men; अनेन (anena) - by this; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; देवि (devi) - O goddess; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become; अधनिनः (adhaninaḥ) - those without wealth; नराः (narāḥ) - men;]
(In a family of little enjoyment born, those who delight in little enjoyment, men. By this action, O goddess, become those without wealth, men. (13-133-16))
Men who are born into families of little enjoyment and who delight in little enjoyment, O goddess, by this action become men without wealth. (13-133-16)
अपरे स्तम्भिनो नित्यं मानिनः पापतो रताः। आसनार्हस्य ये पीठं न प्रयच्छन्त्यचेतसः ॥१३-१३३-१७॥
apare stambhino nityaṃ māninaḥ pāpato ratāḥ। āsanārhasya ye pīṭhaṃ na prayacchantyacetasaḥ ॥13-133-17॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; स्तम्भिनः (stambhinaḥ) - arrogant; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; मानिनः (māninaḥ) - proud; पापतः (pāpataḥ) - with wickedness; रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged; आसनार्हस्य (āsanārhasya) - of one deserving a seat; ये (ye) - who; पीठम् (pīṭham) - seat; न (na) - not; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - give; अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - foolish;]
(Others arrogant always proud with wickedness engaged; of one deserving a seat who seat not give foolish.)
Other people, always arrogant, proud, and engaged in wickedness, are those foolish ones who do not give a seat to someone deserving of it. (13-133-17)
मार्गार्हस्य च ये मार्गं न यच्छन्त्यल्पबुद्धयः। पाद्यार्हस्य च ये पाद्यं न ददत्यल्पबुद्धयः ॥१३-१३३-१८॥
mārgārhasya ca ye mārgaṃ na yacchantyalpabuddhayaḥ। pādyārhasya ca ye pādyaṃ na dadatyalpabuddhayaḥ॥13-133-18॥
[मार्गार्हस्य (mārgārhasya) - of the one deserving the path; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - those who; मार्गं (mārgaṃ) - the path; न (na) - not; यच्छन्ति (yacchanti) - give; अल्पबुद्धयः (alpabuddhayaḥ) - of little understanding; पाद्यार्हस्य (pādyārhasya) - of the one deserving water for the feet; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - those who; पाद्यं (pādyaṃ) - water for the feet; न (na) - not; ददति (dadati) - give; अल्पबुद्धयः (alpabuddhayaḥ) - of little understanding;]
(And of the one deserving the path, those who do not give the path are of little understanding. Of the one deserving water for the feet, those who do not give water for the feet are of little understanding.)
Those who do not give the path to one who deserves it are of little understanding, and those who do not give water for the feet to one deserving it are also of little understanding. (13-133-18)
अर्घार्हान्न च सत्कारैरर्चयन्ति यथाविधि। अर्घ्यमाचमनीयं वा न यच्छन्त्यल्पबुद्धयः ॥१३-१३३-१९॥
arghārhānna ca satkārairarcayanti yathāvidhi. arghyamācamanīyaṃ vā na yacchantyalpabuddhayaḥ ॥13-133-19॥
[अर्घार्हान् (arghārhān) - those worthy of arghya; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; सत्कारैः (satkāraiḥ) - with respects; अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - they honor; यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule; अर्घ्यम् (arghyam) - arghya water; आचमनीयं (ācamanīyaṃ) - water for sipping; वा (vā) - or; न (na) - not; यच्छन्ति (yacchanti) - they give; अल्पबुद्धयः (alpabuddhayaḥ) - of little understanding;]
(Those worthy of arghya and not with respects (they) honor according to rule. Arghya water or water for sipping or not (they) give men of little understanding.)
Men of little understanding do not honor those worthy of arghya with proper respects according to rule; they do not even offer arghya or water for sipping. (13-133-19)
गुरुं चाभिगतं प्रेम्णा गुरुवन्न बुभूषते। अभिमानप्रवृत्तेन लोभेन समवस्थिताः ॥१३-१३३-२०॥
guruṃ cābhigataṃ premṇā guruvan na bubhūṣate। abhimānapravṛttena lobhena samavasthitāḥ ॥13-133-20॥
[गुरुं (guruṃ) - to the teacher; च (ca) - and; अभिगतं (abhigatam) - approached; प्रेम्णा (premṇā) - with love; गुरुवत् (guruvat) - like a teacher; न (na) - not; बुभूषते (bubhūṣate) - wishes to be; अभिमानप्रवृत्तेन (abhimāna-pravṛttena) - by pride-impelled; लोभेन (lobhena) - by greed; समवस्थिताः (samavasthitāḥ) - situated;]
(To the teacher and to one approached with love, like a teacher one does not wish to be. By pride-impelled, by greed, situated.)
One does not wish to approach the teacher with love or become like a teacher; people stand motivated by pride and greed. (13-133-20)
संमान्यांश्चावमन्यन्ते वृद्धान्परिभवन्ति च। एवंविधा नरा देवि सर्वे निरयगामिनः ॥१३-१३३-२१॥
saṁmānyāṁś cā’vamanyante vṛddhān paribhavanti ca. evaṁvidhā narā devi sarve nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-133-21॥
[संमान्याः (saṁmānyāḥ) - those who are to be respected; (honored ones); च (ca) - and; अवमन्यन्ते (avamanyante) - they disdain; (look down upon); वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - the elders; (aged persons); परिभवन्ति (paribhavanti) - they insult; (dishonor); च (ca) - and; एवंविधाः (evaṁvidhāḥ) - such ones; (of this kind); नराः (narāḥ) - men; (persons); देवि (devi) - O goddess; सर्वे (sarve) - all; निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - going to hell; (hell-bound);]
(Those to be respected and they disdain, the elders they insult and; such ones, O goddess, all hell-bound are.)
Those who show disrespect to the honored and insult the elders, O goddess, all such men proceed to hell. (13-133-21)
ते वै यदि नरास्तस्मान्निरयादुत्तरन्ति वै। वर्षपूगैस्ततो जन्म लभन्ते कुत्सिते कुले ॥१३-१३३-२२॥
te vai yadi narās tasmān nirayād uttaranti vai । varṣapūgais tato janma labhante kutsite kule ॥13-133-22॥
[ते (te) - they; वै (vai) - indeed; यदि (yadi) - if; नराः (narāḥ) - men; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that; निरयात् (nirayāt) - from hell; उत्तरन्ति (uttaranti) - emerge; वै (vai) - indeed; वर्षपूगैः (varṣapūgaiḥ) - with lumps (groups) of years; ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter; जन्म (janma) - birth; लभन्ते (labhante) - obtain; कुत्सिते (kutsite) - contemptible; कुले (kule) - in a family;]
(They indeed if men from that hell emerge indeed, with groups of years thereafter birth obtain in a contemptible family.)
If those men indeed emerge from that hell, then after many years, they obtain birth in a contemptible family. (13-133-22)
श्वपाकपुल्कसादीनां कुत्सितानामचेतसाम्। कुलेषु तेषु जायन्ते गुरुवृद्धापचायिनः ॥१३-१३३-२३॥
śvapākapulkasādīnāṃ kutsitānāmacetasām। kuleṣu teṣu jāyante guru-vṛddhāpacāyinaḥ ॥13-133-23॥
[श्वपाकपुल्कसादीनां (śvapāka-pulkasa-ādīnām) - of those such as śvapāka and pulkasa; कुत्सितानाम् (kutsitānām) - of the despised; अचेतसाम् (acetasām) - of the mindless; कुलेषु (kuleṣu) - in the families; तेषु (teṣu) - in those (families); जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born; गुरुवृद्धापचायिनः (guru-vṛddhāpacāyinaḥ) - those who dishonor elders and preceptors;]
(Of those such as śvapāka and pulkasa, of the despised, of the mindless, in the families, in those, are born, those who dishonor elders and preceptors.)
Those who dishonor preceptors and elders are born in the families of the mindless, the despised, and such as the śvapāka and pulkasa. (13-133-23)
न स्तम्भी न च मानी यो देवताद्विजपूजकः। लोकपूज्यो नमस्कर्ता प्रश्रितो मधुरं वदन् ॥१३-१३३-२४॥
na stambhī na ca mānī yo devatādvijapūjakaḥ। lokapūjyo namaskartā praśrito madhuraṃ vadan ॥13-133-24॥
[न (na) - not; स्तम्भी (stambhī) - arrogant person; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; मानी (mānī) - conceited person; यः (yaḥ) - who; देवता-द्विज-पूजकः (devatā-dvija-pūjakaḥ) - worshipper of gods and twice-born; लोक-पूज्यः (loka-pūjyaḥ) - honored by people; नमस्कर्ता (namaskartā) - one who bows; प्रश्रितः (praśritaḥ) - obedient; मधुरं (madhuraṃ) - sweetly; वदन् (vadan) - speaking;]
(Not arrogant, not conceited, who worships gods and twice-born, honored by people, one who bows, obedient, speaking sweetly.)
He who is neither arrogant nor conceited, who worships the gods and the twice-born, is honored by people, bows with respect, is humble, and speaks sweetly. (13-133-24)
सर्ववर्णप्रियकरः सर्वभूतहितः सदा। अद्वेषी सुमुखः श्लक्ष्णः स्निग्धवाणीप्रदः सदा ॥१३-१३३-२५॥
sarvavarṇapriyakaraḥ sarvabhūtahitaḥ sadā। adveṣī sumukhaḥ ślakṣṇaḥ snigdhavāṇīpradaḥ sadā ॥13-133-25॥
[सर्ववर्णप्रियकरः (sarvavarṇapriyakaraḥ) - one who pleases all classes; सर्वभूतहितः (sarvabhūtahitaḥ) - benefactor of all beings; सदा (sadā) - always; अद्वेषी (adveṣī) - bearing no hatred; सुमुखः (sumukhaḥ) - having a pleasant face; श्लक्ष्णः (ślakṣṇaḥ) - gentle; स्निग्धवाणीप्रदः (snigdhavāṇīpradaḥ) - one who gives tender speech; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(One who pleases all classes, benefactor of all beings, always; bearing no hatred, having a pleasant face, gentle, one who gives tender speech, always.)
He always pleases all classes and benefits all beings; he bears no hatred, is pleasant-faced, gentle, and always speaks with tenderness. (13-133-25)
स्वागतेनैव सर्वेषां भूतानामविहिंसकः। यथार्हसत्क्रियापूर्वमर्चयन्नुपतिष्ठति ॥१३-१३३-२६॥
svāgatenaiva sarveṣāṁ bhūtānām avihiṁsakaḥ| yathārhasatkriyā-pūrvam arcayan upatiṣṭhati ॥13-133-26॥
[स्वागतेनैव (svāgatena eva) - with welcome indeed; सर्वेषां (sarveṣām) - of all; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अविहिंसकः (avihiṁsakaḥ) - non-harming; यथा (yathā) - as; अर्ह (arha) - worthy; सत्क्रिया (satkriyā) - right respect; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - preceded by; अर्चयन् (arcayan) - honoring; उपतिष्ठति (upatiṣṭhati) - attends;]
(With welcome indeed, of all beings, non-harming, as worthy, right respect preceded by, honoring, attends.)
He attends to all beings with a welcoming attitude, without harm, honoring them as is appropriate and with proper respect. (13-133-26)
मार्गार्हाय ददन्मार्गं गुरुं गुरुवदर्चयन्। अतिथिप्रग्रहरतस्तथाभ्यागतपूजकः ॥१३-१३३-२७॥
mārgārhāya dadanmārgaṃ guruṃ guruvadarcayan। atithipragrahatarastathābhyāgatapūjakaḥ ॥13-133-27॥
[मार्गार्हाय (mārgārhāya) - to one who deserves the path; ददन् (dadan) - giving; मार्गं (mārgaṃ) - path; गुरुं (guruṃ) - teacher; गुरुवत् (guruvat) - like a teacher; अर्चयन् (arcayan) - worshipping; अतिथि–प्रग्रहरतः (atithi-pragraharataḥ) - delighting in honoring guests; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; अभ्यागत–पूजकः (abhyāgata-pūjakaḥ) - one who worships the arrivals;]
(Giving the path to one deserving the path, worshipping the teacher like a teacher, delighting in honoring guests, in the same way, one who worships arrivals.)
He gives the path to those deserving it, worships the teacher as a teacher, delights in honoring guests, and likewise honors those who arrive. (13-133-27)
एवम्भूतो नरो देवि स्वर्गतिं प्रतिपद्यते। ततो मानुषतां प्राप्य विशिष्टकुलजो भवेत् ॥१३-१३३-२८॥
evambhūto naro devi svargatiṁ pratipadyate. tato mānuṣatāṁ prāpya viśiṣṭakulajo bhavet ॥13-133-28॥
[एवम्भूतः (evambhūtaḥ) - being thus; in such a condition; नरः (naraḥ) - man; person; देवि (devi) - O Goddess; स्वर्गतिम् (svargatim) - the course to heaven; attainment of heaven; प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains; assumes; achieves; ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter; then; मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human condition; humanity; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained; after attaining; विशिष्टकुलजः (viśiṣṭakulajaḥ) - born in a distinguished family; भवेत् (bhavet) - may become; becomes;]
(Being thus, the man, O Goddess, attains the course to heaven. Then, having attained humanity, he may become one born in a distinguished family.)
O Goddess, a man being thus attains heaven; then, after taking human birth, he will be born into a distinguished family. (13-133-28)
तत्रासौ विपुलैर्भोगैः सर्वरत्नसमायुतः। यथार्हदाता चार्हेषु धर्मचर्यापरो भवेत् ॥१३-१३३-२९॥
tatrāsau vipulairbhogaiḥ sarvaratnasamāyutaḥ। yathārhadātā cārheṣu dharmacaryāparo bhavet॥ 13-133-29॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; असौ (asau) - that (person); विपुलैः (vipulaiḥ) - with many; भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - enjoyments; सर्वरत्नसमायुतः (sarvaratnasamāyutaḥ) - endowed with all jewels; यथा (yathā) - just as; अर्हदाता (arhadātā) - one who gives as deserved; च (ca) - and; अर्हेषु (arheṣu) - to those who are worthy; धर्मचर्या (dharmacaryā) - devotion to dharma; अपरो (aparaḥ) - engaged in; भवेत् (bhavet) - he may be;]
(There, that (person) endowed with many enjoyments, with all jewels, just as a giver as deserved and to those who are worthy, devoted to dharma, engaged, he may be.)
There, that person possessing abundant enjoyments and all jewels, should bestow as appropriate to the worthy, and be devoted to practicing dharma. (13-133-29)
संमतः सर्वभूतानां सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः। स्वकर्मफलमाप्नोति स्वयमेव नरः सदा ॥१३-१३३-३०॥
saṁmataḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ। svakarmaphalamāpnoti svayameva naraḥ sadā ॥13-133-30॥
[संमतः (saṁmataḥ) - approved; सर्वभूतानां (sarvabhūtānāṁ) - of all beings; सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः (sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ) - honored by all worlds; स्वकर्मफलम् (svakarmaphalam) - fruit of one's own action; आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains; स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself; एव (eva) - indeed; नरः (naraḥ) - man; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(He who is approved by all beings, honored by all worlds, attains the fruit of his own action himself always.)
One who is approved by all beings and honored by all worlds always attains the results of his own actions by himself. (13-133-30)
उदात्तकुलजातीय उदात्ताभिजनः सदा। एष धर्मो मया प्रोक्तो विधात्रा स्वयमीरितः ॥१३-१३३-३१॥
udāttakula-jātīya udāttābhijanaḥ sadā। eṣa dharmo mayā prokto vidhātrā svayam īritaḥ ॥13-133-31॥
[उदात्तकुलजातीय (udāttakula-jātīya) - of noble family-born; उदात्ताभिजनः (udāttābhijanaḥ) - of noble lineage; सदा (sadā) - always; एष (eṣa) - this; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; मया (mayā) - by me; प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - has been spoken; विधात्रा (vidhātrā) - by the Creator; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; ईरितः (īritaḥ) - has been stated;]
(Of noble family-born, of noble lineage always; this dharma by me has been spoken, by the Creator himself has been stated.)
One who is born in a noble family and of noble ancestry always—this dharma has been stated by me as it has been declared by the Creator himself. (13-133-31)
यस्तु रौद्रसमाचारः सर्वसत्त्वभयङ्करः। हस्ताभ्यां यदि वा पद्भ्यां रज्ज्वा दण्डेन वा पुनः ॥१३-१३३-३२॥
yastu raudrasamācāraḥ sarvasattvabhayaṅkaraḥ। hastābhyāṃ yadi vā padbhyāṃ rajjvā daṇḍena vā punaḥ॥13-133-32॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; रौद्रसमाचारः (raudrasamācāraḥ) - having cruel conduct; सर्वसत्त्वभयङ्करः (sarvasattvabhayaṅkaraḥ) - causing fear to all beings; हस्ताभ्यां (hastābhyām) - with (his) hands; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; पद्भ्यां (padbhyām) - with (his) feet; रज्ज्वा (rajjvā) - with a rope; दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - with a staff; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(But who, having cruel conduct, causing fear to all beings, with hands if or with feet, with a rope, or with a staff again.)
But the one who, being of cruel conduct and a terror to all beings, (strikes) with his hands or feet, or with a rope or staff, again— (13-133-32)
लोष्टैः स्तम्भैरुपायैर्वा जन्तून्बाधति शोभने। हिंसार्थं निकृतिप्रज्ञः प्रोद्वेजयति चैव ह ॥१३-१३३-३३॥
loṣṭaiḥ stambhair upāyair vā jantūn bādhati śobhane. hiṃsārthaṃ nikṛtiprajñaḥ prodvejayati caiva ha ॥13-133-33॥
[लोष्टैः (loṣṭaiḥ) - with clods; स्तम्भैः (stambhair) - with sticks; उपायैः (upāyair) - with means; वा (vā) - or; जन्तून् (jantūn) - creatures; बाधति (bādhati) - harasses; शोभने (śobhane) - O beautiful one; हिंसार्थं (hiṃsārtham) - for the purpose of injury; निकृतिप्रज्ञः (nikṛtiprajñaḥ) - having intelligence of deceit; प्रोद्वेजयति (prodvejayati) - disturbs; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ह (ha) - surely;]
(With clods, sticks, or means, harasses creatures, O beautiful one. For the purpose of injury, one with intelligence of deceit also indeed surely disturbs.)
O beautiful one, with clods, sticks, or other means, he harasses creatures. Possessed of deceitful intelligence, he also surely disturbs them for the purpose of injury. (13-133-33)
उपक्रामति जन्तूंश्च उद्वेगजननः सदा। एवंशीलसमाचारो निरयं प्रतिपद्यते ॥१३-१३३-३४॥
upakrāmati jantūṁś ca udvega-jananaḥ sadā। evaṁ-śīla-samācāraḥ nirayaṁ pratipadyate ॥13-133-34॥
[उपक्रामति (upakrāmati) - attacks; approaches; assails; जन्तूंश्च (jantūn ca) - creatures and; living beings and; उद्वेगजननः (udvega-jananaḥ) - causing distress; the one who generates anxiety; सदा (sadā) - always; एवंशीलसमाचारः (evaṁ-śīla-samācāraḥ) - of such character and conduct; having such nature and behavior; निरयं (nirayam) - hell; प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains; reaches;]
(Attacks creatures and, always causing distress, one of such character and conduct attains hell.)
A person who always attacks living beings and causes distress, whose nature and conduct are thus, attains hell. (13-133-34)
स चेन्मानुषतां गच्छेद्यदि कालस्य पर्ययात्। बह्वाबाधपरिक्लिष्टे सोऽधमे जायते कुले ॥१३-१३३-३५॥
sa cen mānuṣatāṃ gacched yadi kālasya paryayāt। bahv-ābādha-parikliṣṭe so 'dhame jāyate kule॥13-133-35॥
[स (sa) - he; चेत् (cet) - if; मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human state; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should attain; यदि (yadi) - if; कालस्य (kālasya) - of time; पर्ययात् (paryayāt) - due to lapse; बह्वाबाधपरिक्लिष्टे (bahv-ābādha-parikliṣṭe) - afflicted by much adversity; सः (saḥ) - he; अधमे (adhame) - in the lowest; जायते (jāyate) - is born; कुले (kule) - in a family;]
(He, if should attain human state if of time due to lapse, afflicted by much adversity, he in the lowest is born in a family.)
If he attains human birth again due to the lapse of time, he is born in a low family, afflicted by much adversity. (13-133-35)
लोकद्वेष्योऽधमः पुंसां स्वयं कर्मकृतैः फलैः। एष देवि मनुष्येषु बोद्धव्यो ज्ञातिबन्धुषु ॥१३-१३३-३६॥
lokadveṣyo'dhamaḥ puṁsāṁ svayaṁ karmakṛtaiḥ phalaiḥ। eṣa devi manuṣyeṣu boddhavyo jñātibandhuṣu ॥13-133-36॥
[लोकद्वेष्यः (lokadveṣyaḥ) - hated by people; अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowest; पुंसाम् (puṁsām) - of men; स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself; कर्मकृतैः (karmakṛtaiḥ) - by actions performed; फलैः (phalaiḥ) - by results; एष (eṣa) - this; देवि (devi) - O goddess; मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among men; बोद्धव्यः (boddhavyaḥ) - should be understood; ज्ञातिबन्धुषु (jñātibandhuṣu) - among kinsmen;]
(Hated by people, the lowest of men, oneself by actions performed and results—this, O goddess, among men, should be understood among kinsmen.)
O goddess, that person who is hated by people and is the lowest among men, due to his own actions and their results, should be recognized as such among men and among kinsmen. (13-133-36)
अपरः सर्वभूतानि दयावाननुपश्यति। मैत्रदृष्टिः पितृसमो निर्वैरो नियतेन्द्रियः ॥१३-१३३-३७॥
aparaḥ sarvabhūtāni dayāvān anupaśyati। maitradṛṣṭiḥ pitṛsamo nirvairo niyatendriyaḥ ॥13-133-37॥
[अपरः (aparaḥ) - another; (he;) सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; दयावान् (dayāvān) - compassionate; अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - sees; मैत्रदृष्टिः (maitradṛṣṭiḥ) - with friendly vision; पितृसमः (pitṛsamaḥ) - equal to a father; निर्वैरः (nirvairaḥ) - free from enmity; नियतेन्द्रियः (niyatendriyaḥ) - with controlled senses;]
(Another, all beings, compassionate, sees. With friendly vision, like a father, free from enmity, with controlled senses.)
Another is compassionate and regards all beings; he has a friendly vision, is like a father, free from enmity, and has controlled senses. (13-133-37)
नोद्वेजयति भूतानि न विहिंसयते तथा। हस्तपादैः सुनियतैर्विश्वास्यः सर्वजन्तुषु ॥१३-१३३-३८॥
nodvejayati bhūtāni na vihiṃsayate tathā। hastapādaiḥ suniyatair viśvāsyaḥ sarvajantuṣu ॥13-133-38॥
[नोद्वेजयति (nodvejayati) - does not agitate; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - living beings; न (na) - not; विहिंसयते (vihiṃsayate) - does not injure; तथा (tathā) - in that manner; हस्तपादैः (hastapādaiḥ) - with hands and feet; सुनियतैः (suniyataiḥ) - well-controlled; विश्वास्यः (viśvāsyaḥ) - worthy of trust; सर्वजन्तुषु (sarvajantuṣu) - among all creatures;]
(He does not agitate living beings, and does not injure likewise; with hands and feet well-controlled, he is trustworthy among all creatures.)
He neither disturbs nor injures living beings; with well-controlled hands and feet, he is trustworthy among all creatures. (13-133-38)
न रज्ज्वा न च दण्डेन न लोष्टैर्नायुधेन च। उद्वेजयति भूतानि श्लक्ष्णकर्मा दयापरः ॥१३-१३३-३९॥
na rajjvā na ca daṇḍena na loṣṭair nāyudhena ca। udvejayati bhūtāni ślakṣṇakarmā dayāparaḥ॥13-133-39॥
[न (na) - not; रज्ज्वा (rajjvā) - with a rope; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - with a staff; न (na) - not; लोष्टैः (loṣṭaiḥ) - with clods (of earth); नायुधेन (na āyudhena) - not with a weapon; च (ca) - and; उद्वेजयति (udvejayati) - agitates; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures; श्लक्ष्णकर्मा (ślakṣṇakarmā) - one whose actions are gentle; दयापरः (dayāparaḥ) - absorbed in compassion;]
(Not with a rope, not and with a staff, not with clods, not with a weapon and, agitates creatures, one whose actions are gentle, absorbed in compassion.)
He whose actions are gentle and who is absorbed in compassion does not agitate creatures either with a rope, a staff, clods, or weapons. (13-133-39)
एवंशीलसमाचारः स्वर्गे समुपजायते। तत्रासौ भवने दिव्ये मुदा वसति देववत् ॥१३-१३३-४०॥
evaṃśīlasamācāraḥ svarge samupajāyate। tatrāsau bhavane divye mudā vasati devavat ॥13-133-40॥
[एवं-शील-समाचारः (evaṃ-śīla-samācāraḥ) - thus-character-behaved person; स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven; समुपजायते (samupajāyate) - is born together; तत्र (tatra) - there; असौ (asau) - he; भवने (bhavane) - in a mansion; दिव्ये (divye) - divine; मुदा (mudā) - with joy; वसति (vasati) - dwells; देववत् (devavat) - like a god;]
(Thus-character-behaved person in heaven is born together. There he in mansion divine with joy dwells like a god.)
A person of such character and conduct is born in heaven. There, in a divine mansion, he dwells joyfully like a god. (13-133-40)
स चेत्कर्मक्षयान्मर्त्यो मनुष्येषूपजायते। अल्पाबाधो निरीतीकः स जातः सुखमेधते ॥१३-१३३-४१॥
sa cet karmakṣayān martyo manuṣyeṣūpajāyate। alpābādho nirītīkaḥ sa jātaḥ sukhamedhate ॥13-133-41॥
[स (sa) - he; चेत् (cet) - if; कर्मक्षयान् (karmakṣayāt) - from the exhaustion of karma; मर्त्यः (martyaḥ) - mortal (soul); मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among men; उपजायते (upajāyate) - is born; अल्पाबाधः (alpābādhaḥ) - having little suffering; निरीतीकः (nirītīkaḥ) - free from poverty; स (sa) - he; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; एधते (edhate) - thrives;]
(He, if from exhaustion of karma a mortal among men is born, having little suffering, free from poverty, he born, happiness thrives.)
If, due to exhaustion of karma, a mortal is born among men, he, having little suffering and free from poverty, being so born, thrives in happiness. (13-133-41)
सुखभागी निरायासो निरुद्वेगः सदा नरः। एष देवि सतां मार्गो बाधा यत्र न विद्यते ॥१३-१३३-४२॥
sukhabhāgī nirāyāso nirudvegaḥ sadā naraḥ। eṣa devi satāṃ mārgo bādhā yatra na vidyate ॥13-133-42॥
[सुखभागी (sukhabhāgī) - enjoying happiness; निरायासः (nirāyāsaḥ) - free from effort; निरुद्वेगः (nirudvegaḥ) - without anxiety; सदा (sadā) - always; नरः (naraḥ) - a man; एष (eṣa) - this; देवि (devi) - O goddess; सतां (satāṃ) - of the good; मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path; बाधा (bādhā) - obstacle; यत्र (yatra) - where; न (na) - not; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists;]
(Enjoying happiness, free from effort, without anxiety, always, a man; this, O goddess, is the path of the good, obstacle where not exists.)
A man who is always enjoying happiness, free from effort and without anxiety—O goddess, this is the path of the virtuous, where no obstacle exists. (13-133-42)
उमोवाच॥
umovāca॥
[उमा (umā) - Umā; (proper noun; goddess; Parvati;) उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; said; addressed;]
(Umā spoke;)
Umā said.
इमे मनुष्या दृश्यन्ते ऊहापोहविशारदाः। ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नाः प्रज्ञावन्तोऽर्थकोविदाः ॥ दुष्प्रज्ञाश्चापरे देव ज्ञानविज्ञानवर्जिताः ॥१३-१३३-४३॥
ime manuṣyā dṛśyante ūhāpohaviśāradāḥ। jñānavijñānasampannāḥ prajñāvanto’rthakovidāḥ॥ duṣprajñāś cāpare deva jñānavijñānavarjitāḥ॥13-133-43॥
[इमे (ime) - these; मनुष्या (manuṣyāḥ) - men; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; ऊहापोहविशारदाः (ūhāpohaviśāradāḥ) - skilled in reasoning and inference; ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नाः (jñānavijñānasampannāḥ) - endowed with knowledge and discernment; प्रज्ञावन्तः (prajñāvantaḥ) - possessing wisdom; अर्थकोविदाः (arthakovidāḥ) - expert in meaning (of things); दुष्प्रज्ञाः (duṣprajñāḥ) - of poor understanding; च (ca) - and; अपरे (apare) - others; देव (deva) - O divine one; ज्ञानविज्ञानवर्जिताः (jñānavijñānavarjitāḥ) - devoid of knowledge and discernment;]
(These men are seen skilled in reasoning and inference, endowed with knowledge and discernment, possessing wisdom, expert in meaning; others, O divine one, of poor understanding, and devoid of knowledge and discernment.)
These men, O divine one, are seen to be skilled in reasoning and inference, endowed with knowledge and discernment, possessing wisdom and expert in meanings; while others, of poor understanding, are devoid of knowledge and discernment. (13-133-43)
केन कर्मविपाकेन प्रज्ञावान्पुरुषो भवेत्। अल्पप्रज्ञो विरूपाक्ष कथं भवति मानवः ॥ एतं मे संशयं छिन्द्धि सर्वधर्मविदां वर ॥१३-१३३-४४॥
kena karmavipākena prajñāvān puruṣo bhavet। alpaprajño virūpākṣa kathaṁ bhavati mānavaḥ ॥ etaṁ me saṁśayaṁ chinddhi sarvadharmavidāṁ vara ॥13-133-44॥
[केन (kena) - by what; by which; कर्मविपाकेन (karmavipākena) - by the result of action; by the fruit of karma; प्रज्ञावान् (prajñāvān) - wise; possessing discernment; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; person; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; would be; अल्पप्रज्ञः (alpaprajñaḥ) - with little wisdom; of small discernment; विरूपाक्ष (virūpākṣa) - O Virūpākṣa; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; happens; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - man; human; एतं (etaṁ) - this; मे (me) - my; to me; संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt; छिन्द्धि (chinddhi) - cut; destroy; सर्वधर्मविदां (sarvadharmavidām) - of all knowers of dharma; among those who know all dharmas; वर (vara) - best; foremost; O best;]
(By what result of action does a man become wise? How, O Virūpākṣa, does a man become one of little wisdom? This my doubt cut, O best of all knowers of dharma. (13-133-44))
By what result of karma does a person become wise, and how, O Virūpākṣa, does a human become of little wisdom? Please dispel this doubt of mine, O best of all knowers of dharma. (13-133-44)
जात्यन्धाश्चापरे देव रोगार्ताश्चापरे तथा। नराः क्लीबाश्च दृश्यन्ते कारणं ब्रूहि तत्र वै ॥१३-१३३-४५॥
jātyandhāś cāpare deva rogārtāś cāpare tathā । narāḥ klībāś ca dṛśyante kāraṇaṃ brūhi tatra vai ॥13-133-45॥
[जात्यन्धाः (jātyandhāḥ) - born-blind ones; च (ca) - and; अपरे (apare) - others; देव (deva) - O deity; रोगार्ताः (rogārtāḥ) - afflicted by disease; च (ca) - and; अपरे (apare) - others; तथा (tathā) - likewise; नराः (narāḥ) - men; क्लीबाः (klībāḥ) - impotent ones; च (ca) - and; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak; तत्र (tatra) - there; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(Born-blind ones and others, O deity, afflicted by disease and others likewise, men, impotent ones, and are seen; cause speak there indeed.)
O deity, some are born blind, others are afflicted with diseases, others likewise; men and impotent ones are seen—tell (me) indeed the cause there. (13-133-45)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
maheśvara uvāca॥
[महेश्वर (maheśvara) - the great lord; उवाच (uvāca) - (he) said;]
(The great lord said;)
The great lord said.
ब्राह्मणान्वेदविदुषः सिद्धान्धर्मविदस्तथा। परिपृच्छन्त्यहरहः कुशलाकुशलं तथा ॥१३-१३३-४६॥
brāhmaṇān vedaviduṣaḥ siddhān dharmavidas tathā। paripṛcchanty aharahaḥ kuśalākuśalaṃ tathā ॥13-133-46॥
[ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; वेदविदुषः (vedaviduṣaḥ) - knowers of Veda; सिद्धान् (siddhān) - perfected ones; धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of dharma; तथा (tathā) - also; परिपृच्छन्ति (paripṛcchanti) - (they) inquire; अहरहः (aharahaḥ) - every day; कुशल-अकुशलं (kuśala-akuśalaṃ) - welfare and unwelfare; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Brāhmaṇas, knowers of Veda, perfected ones, knowers of dharma also, inquire every day, welfare and unwelfare also.)
Brāhmaṇas, Vedic scholars, perfected beings, and experts in dharma also daily inquire about welfare and misfortune. (13-133-46)
वर्जयन्त्यशुभं कर्म सेवमानाः शुभं तथा। लभन्ते स्वर्गतिं नित्यमिह लोके सुखं तथा ॥१३-१३३-४७॥
varjayantyaśubhaṁ karma sevamānāḥ śubhaṁ tathā। labhante svargatiṁ nityam iha loke sukhaṁ tathā ॥13-133-47॥
[वर्जयन्ति (varjayanti) - they avoid; अशुभं (aśubham) - inauspicious; कर्म (karma) - action; सेवमानाः (sevamānāḥ) - those engaging in; शुभं (śubham) - auspicious; तथा (tathā) - similarly; लभन्ते (labhante) - they attain; स्वर्गतिम् (svargatim) - heavenly state; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; इह (iha) - here; लोके (loke) - in the world; सुखं (sukham) - happiness; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(They avoid inauspicious action; those engaging in auspicious similarly, attain heavenly state always here in the world happiness likewise.)
Those who avoid inauspicious actions and engage in auspicious ones similarly, always attain happiness in this world and heavenly state as well. (13-133-47)
स चेन्मानुषतां याति मेधावी तत्र जायते। श्रुतं प्रज्ञानुगं चास्य कल्याणमुपजायते ॥१३-१३३-४८॥
sa cen mānuṣatāṃ yāti medhāvī tatra jāyate। śrutaṃ prajñānugaṃ cāsya kalyāṇam upajāyate॥13-133-48॥
[स (sa) - he; चेत् (cet) - if; मानुषताम् (mānuṣatām) - human state; याति (yāti) - reaches; मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent one; तत्र (tatra) - there; जायते (jāyate) - is born; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning; प्रज्ञा-अनुगम् (prajñānugam) - accompanied by wisdom; च (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - of him; कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - auspiciousness; उपजायते (upajāyate) - arises;]
(He, if (he) attains the human state, the intelligent one is born there. Learning accompanied by wisdom and auspiciousness arises for him.)
If he attains human birth, the intelligent one is born there; for him, learning accompanied by wisdom and auspiciousness arises. (13-133-48)
परदारेषु ये मूढाश्चक्षुर्दुष्टं प्रयुञ्जते। तेन दुष्टस्वभावेन जात्यन्धास्ते भवन्ति ह ॥१३-१३३-४९॥
paradāreṣu ye mūḍhāś cakṣur duṣṭaṃ prayuñjate। tena duṣṭasvabhāvena jāty andhās te bhavanti ha ॥13-133-49॥
[परदारेषु (paradāreṣu) - towards others' wives; ये (ye) - who; मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - fools; चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye; दुष्टं (duṣṭam) - wicked; प्रयुञ्जते (prayuñjate) - employ; तेन (tena) - by that; दुष्टस्वभावेन (duṣṭasvabhāvena) - with wicked nature; जात्यन्धाः (jātyandhāḥ) - born blind; ते (te) - they; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(Towards others' wives, those fools who employ the eye wickedly, by that wicked nature, born blind they indeed become.)
Fools who cast wicked glances at others' wives, by such wicked nature, are indeed born blind. (13-133-49)
मनसा तु प्रदुष्टेन नग्नां पश्यन्ति ये स्त्रियम्। रोगार्तास्ते भवन्तीह नरा दुष्कृतकर्मिणः ॥१३-१३३-५०॥
manasā tu praduṣṭena nagnāṃ paśyanti ye striyam। rogārtās te bhavantīha narā duṣkṛtakarmiṇaḥ ॥13-133-50॥
[मनसा (manasā) (manasā) - with the mind; तु (tu) (tu) - but; प्रदुष्टेन (praduṣṭena) (praduṣṭena) - corrupted; tainted; नग्नां (nagnām) (nagnām) - naked; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) (paśyanti) - they see; ये (ye) (ye) - those who; स्त्रियम् (striyam) (striyam) - a woman; रोगार्ताः (rogārtāḥ) (rogārtāḥ) - afflicted by disease; ते (te) (te) - they; भवन्ति (bhavanti) (bhavanti) - become; इह (iha) (iha) - here; in this world; नराः (narāḥ) (narāḥ) - men; दुष्कृतकर्मिणः (duṣkṛtakarmiṇaḥ) (duṣkṛtakarmiṇaḥ) - evil-doers;]
(But those men who, with a corrupted mind, see a woman naked, they here become afflicted by disease, evil-doers.)
But those men who view a woman as naked with a corrupted mind become afflicted by diseases here, being evil-doers. (13-133-50)
ये तु मूढा दुराचारा वियोनौ मैथुने रताः। पुरुषेषु सुदुष्प्रज्ञाः क्लीबत्वमुपयान्ति ते ॥१३-१३३-५१॥
ye tu mūḍhā durācārā viyonau maithune ratāḥ। puruṣeṣu suduṣprajñāḥ klībatvam upayānti te॥13-133-51॥
[ये (ye) - who; तु (tu) - but; मूढा (mūḍhā) - deluded; दुराचारा (durācārā) - of bad conduct; वियोनौ (viyonau) - in the organ (yoni); मैथुने (maithune) - in sexual union; रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged; पुरुषेषु (puruṣeṣu) - among men; सुदुष्प्रज्ञाः (suduṣprajñāḥ) - of very perverted understanding; क्लीबत्वम् (klībatvam) - impotence; उपयान्ति (upayānti) - attain; ते (te) - they;]
(Who but deluded, of bad conduct, engaged in the organ in sexual union, among men, of very perverted understanding, they attain impotence.)
But those who, being deluded and of bad conduct, are engaged in sexual union through the organ and are men of very perverted understanding, they attain impotence. (13-133-51)
पशूंश्च ये बन्धयन्ति ये चैव गुरुतल्पगाः। प्रकीर्णमैथुना ये च क्लीबा जायन्ति ते नराः ॥१३-१३३-५२॥
paśūṁś ca ye bandhayaṁti ye caiva gurutalpagāḥ। prakīrṇamaithunā ye ca klība jāyanti te narāḥ॥13-133-52॥
[पशूंश्च (paśūṁś ca) - and (those) animals; ये (ye) - who; बन्धयन्ति (bandhayaṁti) - bind; ये (ye) - who; चैव (ca eva) - and indeed; गुरुतल्पगाः (gurutalpagāḥ) - approachers of the preceptor’s bed; प्रकीर्णमैथुना (prakīrṇamaithunā) - those engaged in indiscriminate sexual union; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; क्लीबा (klība) - impotent; जायन्ति (jāyanti) - are born; ते (te) - those; नराः (narāḥ) - men;]
(And those who bind animals, who indeed approach the preceptor's bed, those who are indiscriminately engaged in sexual union, and who are impotent — those men are born.)
Men who bind animals, men who approach the preceptor's bed, those engaged in indiscriminate sexual acts, and those born as impotent—these are such men. (13-133-52)
उमोवाच॥
umovāca॥
[उमा (umā) - Umā; (proper noun referring to the goddess Umā/Parvatī); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Umā said;)
Umā said.
सावद्यं किं नु वै कर्म निरवद्यं तथैव च। श्रेयः कुर्वन्नवाप्नोति मानवो देवसत्तम ॥१३-१३३-५३॥
sāvadyaṃ kiṃ nu vai karma niravadyaṃ tathaiva ca। śreyaḥ kurvannavāpnoti mānavo devasattama ॥13-133-53॥
[सावद्यं (sāvadyaṃ) - with fault; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; वै (vai) - truly; कर्म (karma) - action; निरवद्यं (niravadyaṃ) - blameless; तथैव (tathaiva) - just so; च (ca) - and; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - the better; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - attains; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - man; देवसत्तम (devasattama) - O best of the gods;]
(What truly is an action with fault, what (is) blameless, just so and? The better (state) doing attains man, O best of the gods.)
O best of the gods, what action is truly faulty, and what is blameless? By doing what is better, a man attains (the highest good). (13-133-53)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
maheśvara uvāca॥
[महेश्वर (maheśvara) - the great lord; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke;]
(The great lord spoke;)
The great lord said;
श्रेयांसं मार्गमातिष्ठन्सदा यः पृच्छते द्विजान्। धर्मान्वेषी गुणाकाङ्क्षी स स्वर्गं समुपाश्नुते ॥१३-१३३-५४॥
śreyāṁsaṁ mārgamātiṣṭhansadā yaḥ pṛcchate dvijān। dharmānveṣī guṇākāṅkṣī sa svargaṁ samupāśnute ॥13-133-54॥
[श्रेयांसम् (śreyāṁsam) - better; more auspicious; मार्गम् (mārgam) - path; way; आतिष्ठन् (ātiṣṭhan) - abiding in; following; सदा (sadā) - always; यः (yaḥ) - who; पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - asks; inquires; द्विजान् (dvijān) - the twice-borns (brāhmaṇas etc.); धर्मान्वेषी (dharmānveṣī) - seeker of dharma; गुणाकाङ्क्षी (guṇākāṅkṣī) - desiring virtues; स (sa) - he; स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven; समुपाश्नुते (samupāśnute) - attains fully;]
(Better path following always who asks the twice-borns, dharma-seeker, virtue-desirer, he heaven attains fully.)
One who always follows the better path, asks the twice-born, seeks dharma, and desires virtues, he fully attains heaven. (13-133-54)
यदि मानुषतां देवि कदाचित्स निगच्छति। मेधावी धारणायुक्तः प्राज्ञस्तत्राभिजायते ॥१३-१३३-५५॥
yadi mānuṣatāṃ devi kadācit sa nigacchati। medhāvī dhāraṇāyuktaḥ prājñas tatrābhijāyate॥13-133-55॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; मानुषतां (mānuṣatām) - human state; देवि (devi) - O goddess; कदाचित् (kadācit) - at any time; ever; सः (saḥ) - he; निगच्छति (nigacchati) - attains; approaches; मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent one; धारणायुक्तः (dhāraṇāyuktaḥ) - endowed with retention; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise one; तत्र (tatra) - there; अभिजायते (abhijāyate) - is born; arises;]
(If human state, O goddess, ever he attains; intelligent one, endowed with retention, wise one there is born;)
O goddess, if someone ever attains a human state, then there is born one who is intelligent, endowed with retention, and wise. (13-133-55)
एष देवि सतां धर्मो मन्तव्यो भूतिकारकः। नृणां हितार्थाय तव मया वै समुदाहृतः ॥१३-१३३-५६॥
eṣa devi satāṃ dharmo mantavyo bhūtikārakaḥ। nṛṇāṃ hitārthāya tava mayā vai samudāhṛtaḥ॥13-133-56॥
[एष (eṣa) - this; देवि (devi) - O goddess; सतां (satāṃ) - of the good; of the virtuous; धर्मः (dharmo) - dharma; duty; righteousness; मन्तव्यः (mantavyo) - to be considered; to be thought; भूतिकारकः (bhūtikārakaḥ) - causing welfare; bestowing prosperity; नृणां (nṛṇāṃ) - of men; of people; हितार्थाय (hitārthāya) - for the purpose of welfare; for benefit; तव (tava) - to you; for you; मया (mayā) - by me; वै (vai) - indeed; truly; समुदाहृतः (samudāhṛtaḥ) - has been explained; has been set forth;]
(This, O goddess, dharma of the good is to be considered (as) causing welfare. For the purpose of benefit of men, to you, by me indeed, has been set forth.)
O goddess, this dharma of the virtuous should be regarded as bestowing prosperity. For the benefit of people, it has indeed been explained to you by me. (13-133-56)
उमोवाच॥
umovāca॥
[उमा (umā) - Umā; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Umā said;)
Umā said.
अपरे स्वल्पविज्ञाना धर्मविद्वेषिणो नराः। ब्राह्मणान्वेदविदुषो नेच्छन्ति परिसर्पितुम् ॥१३-१३३-५७॥
apare svalpavijñānā dharmavidveṣiṇo narāḥ। brāhmaṇānvedaviduṣo necchanti parisarpitum ॥13-133-57॥
[अपरे (apare) - others; स्वल्पविज्ञाना (svalpa-vijñānāḥ) - having little knowledge; धर्मविद्वेषिणः (dharma-vidveṣiṇaḥ) - hating dharma; नराः (narāḥ) - men; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins; वेदविदुषः (veda-viduṣaḥ) - those proficient in Veda; न (na) - not; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - wish; परिसर्पितुम् (parisarpitum) - to approach;]
(Others, having little knowledge, hating dharma, men, brahmins, those proficient in Veda, not wish to approach.)
Other men, who have little knowledge and hate dharma, do not wish to approach brahmins who are proficient in the Veda. (13-133-57)
व्रतवन्तो नराः केचिच्छ्रद्धादमपरायणाः। अव्रता भ्रष्टनियमास्तथान्ये राक्षसोपमाः ॥१३-१३३-५८॥
vrata-vanto narāḥ kecit śraddhā-dama-parāyaṇāḥ । avratā bhraṣṭa-niyamās tathānye rākṣasa-upamāḥ ॥13-133-58॥
[व्रतवन्तः (vrata-vantaḥ) - possessing vows; नराः (narāḥ) - men; केचित् (kecit) - some; श्रद्धा (śraddhā) - faith; दम (dama) - self-control; परायणाः (parāyaṇāḥ) - devoted (to); अव्रताः (avratāḥ) - without vows; भ्रष्टनियमाः (bhraṣṭa-niyamāḥ) - fallen from observances; तथा (tathā) - thus; अन्ये (anye) - others; राक्षसोपमाः (rākṣasa-upamāḥ) - like demons;]
(Some men possessing vows, devoted to faith and self-control; others, without vows, fallen from observances, thus others like demons.)
Some men possess vows and are devoted to faith and self-control; others have no vows, have fallen from discipline, and others are like demons. (13-133-58)
यज्वानश्च तथैवान्ये निर्होमाश्च तथापरे। केन कर्मविपाकेन भवन्तीह वदस्व मे ॥१३-१३३-५९॥
yajvānaś ca tathaivānye nirhomāś ca tathāpare। kena karmavipākena bhavantīha vadasva me ॥13-133-59॥
[यज्वानः (yajvānaḥ) - performers of sacrifice; च (ca) - and; तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; अन्ये (anye) - others; निर्होमाः (nirhomāḥ) - those who do not offer oblations; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - also; अपरे (apare) - still others; केन (kena) - by what; कर्मविपाकेन (karmavipākena) - by the result of action; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - do they become; इह (iha) - here; वदस्व (vadasva) - tell; मे (me) - to me;]
(Performers of sacrifice and likewise others, those who do not offer oblations and also still others — by what result of action do they become here? Tell to me.)
The performers of sacrifice, as well as others, and those who do not offer oblations, and still others — by what result of action do they come to be in this state? Please tell me. (13-133-59)
महेश्वर उवाच॥
maheśvara uvāca॥
[महेश्वर (maheśvara) - great lord; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Great Lord said;)
The Great Lord said.
आगमाल्लोकधर्माणां मर्यादाः पूर्वनिर्मिताः। प्रामाण्येनानुवर्तन्ते दृश्यन्ते हि दृढव्रताः ॥१३-१३३-६०॥
āgamāllokadharmāṇāṃ maryādāḥ pūrvanirmitāḥ। prāmāṇyenānuvartante dṛśyante hi dṛḍhavratāḥ॥13-133-60॥
[आगमात् (āgamāt) - from the scripture; लोकधर्माणां (lokadharmāṇāṃ) - of worldly codes; मर्यादाः (maryādāḥ) - boundaries; पूर्वनिर्मिताः (pūrvanirmitāḥ) - previously established; प्रामाण्येन (prāmāṇyena) - by authority; अनुवर्तन्ते (anuvartante) - they follow; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; हि (hi) - indeed; दृढव्रताः (dṛḍhavratāḥ) - firm in vow;]
(From the scripture, the boundaries of worldly codes previously established by authority they follow; are seen indeed (to be) firm in vow.)
The boundaries of worldly codes, previously established from scripture, are followed by authority; indeed, those firm in their vows are seen. (13-133-60)
अधर्मं धर्ममित्याहुर्ये च मोहवशं गताः। अव्रता नष्टमर्यादास्ते प्रोक्ता ब्रह्मराक्षसाः ॥१३-१३३-६१॥
adharmaṁ dharmam ity āhur ye ca moha-vaśaṁ gatāḥ। avratā naṣṭa-maryādās te proktā brahma-rākṣasāḥ॥13-133-61॥
[अधर्मं (adharmaṁ) - unrighteousness; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; इति (iti) - thus; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; ये (ye) - who; च (ca) - and; मोहवशं (moha-vaśaṁ) - under the influence of delusion; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone; अव्रताः (avratāḥ) - those without vows; नष्टमर्यादाः (naṣṭa-maryādāḥ) - those whose limits are destroyed; ते (te) - they; प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are said; ब्रह्मराक्षसाः (brahma-rākṣasāḥ) - Brahma-rākṣasas;]
(Unrighteousness righteousness thus they say who and under the influence of delusion have gone; those without vows, those whose limits are destroyed, they are said to be Brahma-rākṣasas.)
Those who, under the influence of delusion, declare unrighteousness to be righteousness, who are without vows and have destroyed all limits, are said to be Brahma-rākṣasas. (13-133-61)
ते चेत्कालकृतोद्योगात्सम्भवन्तीह मानुषाः। निर्होमा निर्वषट्कारास्ते भवन्ति नराधमाः ॥१३-१३३-६२॥
te cet kālakṛtoddyogāt sambhavanti iha mānuṣāḥ। nirhomā nirvaṣaṭkārās te bhavanti narādhamāḥ॥13-133-62॥
[ते (te) - they; चेत् (cet) - if; कालकृतोद्योगात् (kālakṛta-udyogāt) - by effort made at the appointed time; सम्भवन्ति (sambhavanti) - arise; इह (iha) - here; मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - persons; निर्होमाः (nirhomāḥ) - without offerings (homa); निर्वषट्काराः (nirvaṣaṭkārāḥ) - without uttering the vaṣaṭ (sacrificial exclamation); ते (te) - they; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; नराधमाः (narādhamāḥ) - lowest among men;]
(They, if from effort made at the appointed time, arise here persons, without offerings, without uttering vaṣaṭ, they become the lowest among men.)
If people arise here by making efforts at the proper time but are without sacrificial offerings and without uttering vaṣaṭ, they become the lowest among men. (13-133-62)
एष देवि मया सर्वः संशयच्छेदनाय ते। कुशलाकुशलो नॄणां व्याख्यातो धर्मसागरः ॥१३-१३३-६३॥
eṣa devi mayā sarvaḥ saṃśayacchedanāya te। kuśalākuśalo nṝṇāṃ vyākhyāto dharmasāgaraḥ ॥13-133-63॥
[एष (eṣa) - this; देवि (devi) - O goddess; मया (mayā) - by me; सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - entire; संशयच्छेदनाय (saṃśayacchedanāya) - for the removal of doubt; ते (te) - of you; कुशलाकुशलो (kuśalākuśalaḥ) - merit and demerit; नॄणां (nṝṇām) - of men; व्याख्यातः (vyākhyātaḥ) - has been explained; धर्मसागरः (dharmasāgaraḥ) - the ocean of dharma;]
(This, O goddess, by me, entire, for the removal of your doubt, merit and demerit of men, the ocean of dharma, has been explained.)
O goddess, this entire ocean of dharma—comprising the merits and demerits of men—has been explained by me for the removal of your doubt. (13-133-63)
