03.003
Library: Instructed by Daumya Yudhisthira worships Sun for the sustenance of Brahmanas.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
शौनकेनैवमुक्तस्तु कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः। पुरोहितमुपागम्य भ्रातृमध्येऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥३-३-१॥
śaunakenaivamuktastu kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। purohitamupāgamya bhrātṛmadhye'bravīdidam ॥3-3-1॥
[शौनकेन (śaunakena) - by Śaunaka; एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; तु (tu) - but; कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - the son of Kuntī; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira; पुरोहितम् (purohitam) - the priest; उपागम्य (upāgamya) - approaching; भ्रातृमध्ये (bhrātṛmadhye) - in the midst of brothers; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; इदम् (idam) - this;]
(But Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī, having thus been addressed by Śaunaka, approached the priest and said this in the midst of his brothers.)
But Yudhiṣṭhira, son of Kuntī, after being addressed thus by Śaunaka, approached the priest and spoke these words among his brothers. (3-3-1)
प्रस्थितं मानुयान्तीमे ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः। न चास्मि पालने शक्तो बहुदुःखसमन्वितः ॥३-३-२॥
prasthitaṃ mānuyāntīme brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ। na cāsmi pālane śakto bahuduḥkhasamanvitaḥ॥3-3-2॥
[प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - departed; मानु (mānu) - O Man; यान्ति (yānti) - are going; इमे (ime) - these; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - knowers of the Vedas; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अस्मि (asmi) - am; पालने (pālane) - in protection; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable; बहु (bahu) - much; दुःख (duḥkha) - suffering; समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - endowed with;]
(Departed O Man are going these Brāhmaṇas knowers of the Vedas; not and am in protection capable much suffering endowed with.)
O Man, these Brāhmaṇas, knowers of the Vedas, have departed; I am not capable of protection, being endowed with much suffering. (3-3-2)
परित्यक्तुं न शक्नोमि दानशक्तिश्च नास्ति मे। कथमत्र मया कार्यं भगवांस्तद्ब्रवीतु मे ॥३-३-३॥
parityaktuṃ na śaknomi dānaśaktiś ca nāsti me। katham atra mayā kāryaṃ bhagavāṃs tad bravītu me ॥3-3-3॥
[परित्यक्तुं (parityaktum) - to abandon completely; न (na) - not; शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - I am able; दानशक्तिः (dānaśaktiḥ) - the power of giving; च (ca) - and; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; मे (me) - for me; कथम् (katham) - how; अत्र (atra) - here; मया (mayā) - by me; कार्यं (kāryam) - to be done; भगवान् (bhagavān) - O Lord; तत् (tat) - that; ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - may (he) tell; मे (me) - to me;]
(To abandon completely I am not able, and the power of giving does not exist for me. How here by me is to be done, O Lord, may he tell that to me (3-3-3).)
I am unable to abandon completely, nor do I have the power to give. O Lord, please tell me what should be done by me here. (3-3-3)
मुहूर्तमिव स ध्यात्वा धर्मेणान्विष्य तां गतिम्। युधिष्ठिरमुवाचेदं धौम्यो धर्मभृतां वरः ॥३-३-४॥
muhūrtamiva sa dhyātvā dharmeṇānviṣya tāṃ gatim। yudhiṣṭhiramuvācedaṃ dhaumyo dharmabhṛtāṃ varaḥ ॥3-3-4॥
[मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - a moment; इव (iva) - like; सः (saḥ) - he; ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; अन्विष्य (anviṣya) - having investigated; ताम् (tām) - that; गतिम् (gatim) - path; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhishthira; उवाच (uvāca) - said; इदम् (idam) - this; धौम्यः (dhaumyaḥ) - Dhaumya; धर्मभृताम् (dharmabhṛtām) - of the upholders of dharma; वरः (varaḥ) - the foremost;]
(Having meditated for a moment, having investigated that path by righteousness, Dhaumya, the foremost of the upholders of dharma, said this to Yudhishthira.)
After meditating for a moment and examining the path through righteousness, Dhaumya, the foremost among the upholders of dharma, spoke these words to Yudhishthira. (3-3-4)
पुरा सृष्टानि भूतानि पीड्यन्ते क्षुधया भृशम्। ततोऽनुकम्पया तेषां सविता स्वपिता इव ॥३-३-५॥
purā sṛṣṭāni bhūtāni pīḍyante kṣudhayā bhṛśam। tato'nukampayā teṣāṃ savitā svapitā iva ॥3-3-5॥
[पुरा (purā) - formerly; सृष्टानि (sṛṣṭāni) - created; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - are afflicted; क्षुधया (kṣudhayā) - by hunger; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अनुकम्पया (anukampayā) - out of compassion; तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them; सविता (savitā) - the Sun; स्वपिता (svapitā) - like their own father; इव (iva) - as if;]
(Formerly, the created beings are afflicted by hunger severely. Then, out of compassion for them, the Sun, as if their own father.)
In ancient times, all created beings were severely afflicted by hunger. Then, out of compassion for them, the Sun acted like their own father. (3-3-5)
गत्वोत्तरायणं तेजोरसानुद्धृत्य रश्मिभिः। दक्षिणायनमावृत्तो महीं निविशते रविः ॥३-३-६॥
gatvottarāyaṇaṃ tejorasān uddhṛtya raśmibhiḥ। dakṣiṇāyanam āvṛtto mahīṃ niviśate raviḥ ॥3-3-6॥
[गत्व (gatva) - having gone; उत्तरायणं (uttarāyaṇam) - northern course; तेजोरसान् (tejorasān) - essences of light; उद्धृत्य (uddhṛtya) - having drawn up; रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - by rays; दक्षिणायनम् (dakṣiṇāyanam) - southern course; आवृत्तः (āvṛttaḥ) - having returned; महीम् (mahīm) - earth; निविशते (niviśate) - enters; रविः (raviḥ) - the Sun;]
(Having gone to the northern course, having drawn up the essences of light by his rays, the Sun, having returned to the southern course, enters the earth.)
After traversing the northern path and drawing up the essences of light with his rays, the Sun, upon returning to the southern path, enters the earth. (3-3-6)
क्षेत्रभूते ततस्तस्मिन्नोषधीरोषधीपतिः। दिवस्तेजः समुद्धृत्य जनयामास वारिणा ॥३-३-७॥
kṣetrabhūte tatastasminn oṣadhīroṣadhipatiḥ। divastejaḥ samuddhṛtya janayāmāsa vāriṇā ॥3-3-7॥
[क्षेत्रभूते (kṣetrabhūte) - in the field-being; (i.e., when the earth had become a field;) ततः (tataḥ) - then; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs; ओषधीपतिः (oṣadhipatiḥ) - lord of herbs (the Moon); दिवः (divaḥ) - from the sky; तेजः (tejaḥ) - energy; समुद्धृत्य (samuddhṛtya) - having drawn up; जनयामास (janayāmāsa) - caused to be born; वारिणा (vāriṇā) - with water;]
(In the field-being, then, in that, herbs (were produced by) the lord of herbs (the Moon), having drawn up energy from the sky, caused (them) to be born with water.)
When the earth had become a field, then, in that (field), the lord of herbs (the Moon), having drawn up energy from the sky, caused the herbs to be produced with water. (3-3-7)
निषिक्तश्चन्द्रतेजोभिः सूयते भूगतो रविः। ओषध्यः षड्रसा मेध्यास्तदन्नं प्राणिनां भुवि ॥३-३-८॥
niṣiktaś-candra-tejobhiḥ sūyate bhū-gato raviḥ। oṣadhyaḥ ṣaḍ-rasā medhyās-tad-annaṃ prāṇināṃ bhuvi ॥3-3-8॥
[निषिक्तः (niṣiktaḥ) - sprinkled; चन्द्र (candra) - moon; तेजोभिः (tejobhiḥ) - by the radiances; सूयते (sūyate) - is produced; भूगतः (bhū-gataḥ) - having gone to the earth; रविः (raviḥ) - the sun; ओषध्यः (oṣadhyaḥ) - herbs; षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; रसाः (rasāḥ) - tastes; मेध्याः (medhyāḥ) - pure; तत् (tat) - that; अन्नम् (annaṃ) - food; प्राणिनाम् (prāṇinām) - of living beings; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth;]
(Sprinkled by the moon's radiances, the sun, having gone to the earth, produces herbs of six tastes, pure; that food (is) for living beings on earth.)
Sprinkled with the moon's radiance, the sun, having reached the earth, produces herbs of six pure tastes; that food is for living beings on earth. (3-3-8)
एवं भानुमयं ह्यन्नं भूतानां प्राणधारणम्। पितैष सर्वभूतानां तस्मात्तं शरणं व्रज ॥३-३-९॥
evaṃ bhānumayaṃ hy annaṃ bhūtānāṃ prāṇadhāraṇam। pita eṣa sarvabhūtānāṃ tasmāt taṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja ॥3-3-9॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; भानुमयम् (bhānumayam) - consisting of the sun; हि (hi) - indeed; अन्नम् (annam) - food; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; प्राणधारणम् (prāṇadhāraṇam) - support of life; पिता (pitā) - father; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; तम् (tam) - him; शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge; व्रज (vraja) - go;]
(Thus, food consisting of the sun is indeed the support of life for beings. This is the father of all beings; therefore, go to him for refuge.)
Thus, food, which is composed of the sun, is truly the sustainer of life for all beings. He is the father of all creatures; therefore, seek refuge in him. (3-3-9)
राजानो हि महात्मानो योनिकर्मविशोधिताः। उद्धरन्ति प्रजाः सर्वास्तप आस्थाय पुष्कलम् ॥३-३-१०॥
rājāno hi mahātmāno yonikarmaviśodhitāḥ। uddharanti prajāḥ sarvāstapa āsthāya puṣkalam ॥3-3-10॥
[राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; हि (hi) - indeed; महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled; योनिकर्मविशोधिताः (yonikarmaviśodhitāḥ) - purified by birth and deeds; उद्धरन्ति (uddharanti) - uplift; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to; पुष्कलम् (puṣkalam) - abundantly;]
(Kings indeed, great-souled, purified by birth and deeds, uplift all subjects, having resorted to abundant austerity.)
Indeed, kings of great soul, purified by their birth and actions, uplift all their subjects by undertaking abundant austerities. (3-3-10)
भीमेन कार्तवीर्येण वैन्येन नहुषेण च। तपोयोगसमाधिस्थैरुद्धृता ह्यापदः प्रजाः ॥३-३-११॥
bhīmena kārtavīryeṇa vainyena nahuṣeṇa ca। tapoyogasamādhisthair uddhṛtā hy āpadaḥ prajāḥ ॥3-3-11॥
[भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhīma; कार्तवीर्येण (kārtavīryeṇa) - by Kārtavīrya; वैन्येन (vainyena) - by Vainya; नहुषेण (nahuṣeṇa) - by Nahuṣa; च (ca) - and; तपः (tapaḥ) - by austerity; योग (yoga) - by union (discipline); समाधिस्थैः (samādhisthaiḥ) - by those established in concentration; उद्धृता (uddhṛtāḥ) - rescued; हि (hi) - indeed; आपदः (āpadaḥ) - calamities; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people;]
(By Bhīma, by Kārtavīrya, by Vainya, by Nahuṣa and by those established in austerity, discipline, and concentration, indeed, the people were rescued from calamities.)
Bhīma, Kārtavīrya, Vainya, and Nahuṣa, through their austerity, discipline, and deep concentration, indeed rescued the people from calamities. (3-3-11)
तथा त्वमपि धर्मात्मन्कर्मणा च विशोधितः। तप आस्थाय धर्मेण द्विजातीन्भर भारत ॥३-३-१२॥
tathā tvam api dharmātman karmaṇā ca viśodhitaḥ। tapa āsthāya dharmeṇa dvijātīn bhara bhārata ॥3-3-12॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अपि (api) - also; धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman) - O righteous-souled one; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; च (ca) - and; विशोधितः (viśodhitaḥ) - purified; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; द्विजातीन् (dvijātīn) - the twice-born; भर (bhara) - support; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
(Thus you also, O righteous-souled one, having been purified by action and having resorted to austerity by righteousness, support the twice-born, O Bhārata.)
Therefore, you too, O righteous-souled Bhārata, having purified yourself through action and having embraced austerity in accordance with righteousness, should support the twice-born. (3-3-12)
एवमुक्तस्तु धौम्येन तत्कालसदृशं वचः। धर्मराजो विशुद्धात्मा तप आतिष्ठदुत्तमम् ॥३-३-१३॥
evam-uktas-tu dhaumyena tatkāla-sadṛśaṃ vacaḥ। dharmarājo viśuddhātmā tapa ātiṣṭhad-uttamam ॥3-3-13॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; तु (tu) - but; धौम्येन (dhaumyena) - by Dhaumya; तत्काल (tatkāla) - at that time; सदृशं (sadṛśam) - appropriate; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Dharmarāja; विशुद्धात्मा (viśuddhātmā) - pure-souled; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; आतिष्ठत् (ātiṣṭhat) - undertook; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme;]
(Thus, when spoken by Dhaumya, appropriate to the time, the pure-souled Dharmarāja undertook supreme austerity.)
Thus, when Dhaumya spoke words appropriate to the occasion, the pure-hearted Dharmarāja undertook the highest austerity. (3-3-13)
पुष्पोपहारैर्बलिभिरर्चयित्वा दिवाकरम्। योगमास्थाय धर्मात्मा वायुभक्षो जितेन्द्रियः ॥ गाङ्गेयं वार्युपस्पृष्य प्राणायामेन तस्थिवान् ॥३-३-१४॥
puṣpopahārair balibhir arcayitvā divākaram। yogam āsthāya dharmātmā vāyubhakṣo jitendriyaḥ ॥ gāṅgeyaṃ vāry upaspṛśya prāṇāyāmena tasthivān ॥3-3-14॥
[पुष्प-उपहारैः (puṣpa-upahāraiḥ) - with offerings of flowers; बलिभिः (balibhiḥ) - with oblations; अर्चयित्वा (arcayitvā) - having worshipped; दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the Sun; योगम् (yogam) - yoga (concentration); आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled; वायुभक्षः (vāyubhakṣaḥ) - subsisting on air; जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses; गाङ्गेयम् (gāṅgeyam) - of the Ganges; वारि-उपस्पृष्य (vāri-upaspṛśya) - having touched the water; प्राणायामेन (prāṇāyāmena) - by breath-control; तस्थिवान् (tasthivān) - stood; ३-३-१४ (3-3-14) - (3-3-14);]
(With offerings of flowers and oblations, having worshipped the Sun, having resorted to yoga, the righteous-souled one, subsisting on air, having conquered the senses, having touched the water of the Ganges, stood by breath-control.)
Having worshipped the Sun with offerings of flowers and oblations, the righteous-souled one, subsisting on air and having conquered his senses, resorted to yoga. After touching the water of the Ganges, he stood practicing breath-control. (3-3-14)
जनमेजय उवाच॥
janamejaya uvāca॥
[जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya; (proper noun, name of a king); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Janamejaya said;)
Janamejaya said.
कथं कुरूणामृषभः स तु राजा युधिष्ठिरः। विप्रार्थमाराधितवान्सूर्यमद्भुतविक्रमम् ॥३-३-१५॥
kathaṃ kurūṇām ṛṣabhaḥ sa tu rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। viprārtham ārādhitavān sūryam adbhuta-vikramam ॥3-3-15॥
[कथं (kathaṃ) - how; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - bull; सः (saḥ) - he; तु (tu) - but; राजा (rājā) - king; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; विप्रार्थम् (viprārtham) - for the sake of the Brāhmaṇas; आराधितवान् (ārādhitavān) - worshipped; सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the Sun; अद्भुतविक्रमम् (adbhuta-vikramam) - of wondrous prowess;]
(How did he, the bull among the Kurus, King Yudhishthira, worship the Sun of wondrous prowess for the sake of the Brāhmaṇas?)
How did King Yudhishthira, the foremost of the Kurus, worship the Sun of wondrous prowess for the sake of the Brāhmaṇas? (3-3-15)
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
शृणुष्वावहितो राजञ्शुचिर्भूत्वा समाहितः। क्षणं च कुरु राजेन्द्र सर्वं वक्ष्याम्यशेषतः ॥३-३-१६॥
śṛṇuṣvāvahito rājañśucirbhūtvā samāhitaḥ। kṣaṇaṃ ca kuru rājendra sarvaṃ vakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ ॥3-3-16॥
[शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen; आवहितः (āvahitaḥ) - attentively; राजन् (rājan) - O king; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated; क्षणम् (kṣaṇam) - for a moment; च (ca) - and; कुरु (kuru) - do; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O chief of kings; सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall speak; अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely;]
(Listen attentively, O king, having become pure and concentrated. For a moment, do (so), O chief of kings; I shall speak everything completely.)
O king, listen attentively, having purified and concentrated yourself. For a moment, pay heed, O chief of kings; I will explain everything in full. (3-3-16)
धौम्येन तु यथ प्रोक्तं पार्थाय सुमहात्मने। नाम्नामष्टशतं पुण्यं तच्छृणुष्व महामते ॥३-३-१७॥
dhaumyena tu yatha proktaṃ pārthāya sumahātmane। nāmnāmaṣṭaśataṃ puṇyaṃ tacchṛṇuṣva mahāmate ॥3-3-17॥
[धौम्येन (dhaumyena) - by Dhaumya; तु (tu) - but; यथ (yatha) - as; प्रोक्तं (proktaṃ) - spoken; पार्थाय (pārthāya) - to Pārtha; सुमहात्मने (sumahātmane) - to the very great-souled; नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names; अष्टशतं (aṣṭaśataṃ) - eight hundred; पुण्यं (puṇyaṃ) - holy; तत् (tat) - that; शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - hear; महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded;]
(But as spoken by Dhaumya to Pārtha, the very great-souled, hear that holy eight hundred names, O great-minded.)
But, as Dhaumya instructed Pārtha, O noble-minded one, listen to those holy eight hundred names.
सूर्योऽर्यमा भगस्त्वष्टा पूषार्कः सविता रविः। गभस्तिमानजः कालो मृत्युर्धाता प्रभाकरः ॥३-३-१८॥
sūryo'ryamā bhagastvaṣṭā pūṣārkaḥ savitā raviḥ। gabhastimānajaḥ kālo mṛtyurdhātā prabhākaraḥ ॥3-3-18॥
[सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun; अर्यमाः (aryamāḥ) - Aryaman; भगः (bhagaḥ) - Bhaga; त्वष्टा (tvaṣṭā) - Tvashtar; पूषा (pūṣā) - Pushan; अर्कः (arkaḥ) - Arka; सविता (savitā) - Savitṛ; रविः (raviḥ) - Ravi; गभस्तिमान् (gabhastimān) - having rays; अजः (ajaḥ) - the unborn; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; धाता (dhātā) - Dhata; प्रभाकरः (prabhākaraḥ) - the illuminator;]
(The sun, Aryaman, Bhaga, Tvashtar, Pushan, Arka, Savitṛ, Ravi, the one with rays, the unborn, time, death, Dhata, the illuminator.)
The sun is called by many names: Aryaman, Bhaga, Tvashtar, Pushan, Arka, Savitṛ, Ravi, the radiant one, the unborn, time, death, Dhata, and the illuminator. (3-3-18)
पृथिव्यापश्च तेजश्च खं वायुश्च परायणम्। सोमो बृहस्पतिः शुक्रो बुधोऽङ्गारक एव च ॥३-३-१९॥
pṛthivy-āpaś ca tejaś ca khaṃ vāyuś ca parāyaṇam। somo bṛhaspatiḥ śukro budho'ṅgāraka eva ca ॥3-3-19॥
[पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth; आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; च (ca) - and; तेजः (tejaḥ) - fire; च (ca) - and; खम् (kham) - space; वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air; च (ca) - and; परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - supreme goal; सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (the Moon); बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati (Jupiter); शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Śukra (Venus); बुधः (budhaḥ) - Budha (Mercury); अङ्गारकः (aṅgārakaḥ) - Aṅgāraka (Mars); एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and;]
(Earth, waters, and fire, and space, air, and the supreme goal; Soma, Bṛhaspati, Śukra, Budha, Aṅgāraka indeed and.)
Earth, water, fire, space, air, and the supreme goal; also Soma (the Moon), Bṛhaspati (Jupiter), Śukra (Venus), Budha (Mercury), and Aṅgāraka (Mars) are included. (3-3-19)
इन्द्रो विवस्वान्दीप्तांशुः शुचिः शौरिः शनैश्चरः। ब्रह्मा विष्णुश्च रुद्रश्च स्कन्दो वैश्रवणो यमः ॥३-३-२०॥
indro vivasvān dīptāṃśuḥ śuciḥ śauriḥ śanaiścaraḥ। brahmā viṣṇuś ca rudraś ca skando vaiśravaṇo yamaḥ॥3-3-20॥
[इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; विवस्वान् (vivasvān) - Vivasvan; दीप्त-अंशुः (dīpta-aṃśuḥ) - having blazing rays; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; शौरिः (śauriḥ) - descendant of Sura (Krishna); शनैश्चरः (śanaiścaraḥ) - Saturn; ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu; च (ca) - and; रुद्रः (rudraḥ) - Rudra; च (ca) - and; स्कन्दः (skandaḥ) - Skanda; वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaishravana; यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama;]
(Indra, Vivasvan, having blazing rays, pure, descendant of Sura (Krishna), Saturn; Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra and Skanda, Vaishravana, Yama.)
Indra, Vivasvan, the radiant one, the pure one, Krishna, Saturn; Brahma, Vishnu, Rudra, Skanda, Vaishravana, and Yama. (3-3-20)
वैद्युतो जाठरश्चाग्निरैन्धनस्तेजसां पतिः। धर्मध्वजो वेदकर्ता वेदाङ्गो वेदवाहनः ॥३-३-२१॥
vaidyuto jāṭharaś cāgnir aindhanas tejasāṃ patiḥ। dharmadhvajo vedakartā vedāṅgo vedavāhanaḥ ॥3-3-21॥
[वैद्युतः (vaidyutaḥ) - electric; जाठरः (jāṭharaḥ) - digestive (fire); च (ca) - and; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; ऐन्धनः (aindhanaḥ) - relating to fuel; तेजसाम् (tejasām) - of energies; पतिः (patiḥ) - lord; धर्मध्वजः (dharmadhvajaḥ) - banner of dharma; वेदकर्ता (vedakartā) - creator of the Veda; वेदाङ्गः (vedāṅgaḥ) - limb of the Veda; वेदवाहनः (vedavāhanaḥ) - carrier of the Veda;]
(Electric, digestive, and fire relating to fuel, lord of energies; banner of dharma, creator of the Veda, limb of the Veda, carrier of the Veda.)
He is the electric, digestive, and fuel-related fire, the lord of energies; the banner of dharma, the creator of the Veda, the limb of the Veda, and the carrier of the Veda. (3-3-21)
कृतं त्रेता द्वापरश्च कलिः सर्वामराश्रयः। कला काष्ठा मुहूर्ताश्च पक्षा मासा ऋतुस्तथा ॥३-३-२२॥
kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaś ca kaliḥ sarvāmarāśrayaḥ। kalā kāṣṭhā muhūrtāś ca pakṣā māsā ṛtus tathā ॥3-3-22॥
[कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta (age); त्रेता (tretā) - the Tretā (age); द्वापरः (dvāparaḥ) - the Dvāpara (age); च (ca) - and; कलिः (kaliḥ) - the Kali (age); सर्व-अमर-आश्रयः (sarva-amara-āśrayaḥ) - the support of all immortals; कला (kalā) - kalā (a unit of time); काष्ठाः (kāṣṭhāḥ) - kāṣṭhās (a unit of time); मुहूर्ताः (muhūrtāḥ) - muhūrtas (a unit of time); च (ca) - and; पक्षाः (pakṣāḥ) - fortnights; मासाः (māsāḥ) - months; ऋतुः (ṛtuḥ) - season; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]
(The Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara, and Kali (ages), the support of all immortals; kalās, kāṣṭhās, muhūrtas, and likewise fortnights, months, and season.)
The Kṛta, Tretā, Dvāpara, and Kali yugas are the foundation for all the immortals; likewise, the divisions of time such as kalā, kāṣṭhā, muhūrta, as well as fortnights, months, and seasons are established. (3-3-22)
संवत्सरकरोऽश्वत्थः कालचक्रो विभावसुः। पुरुषः शाश्वतो योगी व्यक्ताव्यक्तः सनातनः ॥३-३-२३॥
saṃvatsarakaro'śvatthaḥ kālacakro vibhāvasuḥ| puruṣaḥ śāśvato yogī vyaktāvyaktaḥ sanātanaḥ ॥3-3-23॥
[संवत्सरकरः (saṃvatsarakaraḥ) - maker of the year; अश्वत्थः (aśvatthaḥ) - aśvattha tree; कालचक्रः (kālacakraḥ) - wheel of time; विभावसुः (vibhāvasuḥ) - fire; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - person; शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal; योगी (yogī) - yogi; व्यक्ताव्यक्तः (vyaktāvyaktaḥ) - manifest and unmanifest; सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - ancient;]
(Maker of the year, aśvattha tree, wheel of time, fire, person, eternal, yogi, manifest and unmanifest, ancient.)
He is the maker of the year, the aśvattha tree, the wheel of time, fire, the eternal person, the yogi, both manifest and unmanifest, the ancient one. (3-3-23)
लोकाध्यक्षः प्रजाध्यक्षो विश्वकर्मा तमोनुदः। वरुणः सागरोंऽशुश्च जीमूतो जीवनोऽरिहा ॥३-३-२४॥
lokādhyakṣaḥ prajādhyakṣo viśvakarmā tamonudaḥ। varuṇaḥ sāgaro'ṃśuśca jīmūto jīvano'rihā ॥3-3-24॥
[लोकाध्यक्षः (lokādhyakṣaḥ) - overseer of the world; प्रजाध्यक्षः (prajādhyakṣaḥ) - overseer of beings; विश्वकर्मा (viśvakarmā) - creator of all; तमोनुदः (tamonudaḥ) - dispeller of darkness; वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - Varuṇa; सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - ocean; अंशुः (aṃśuḥ) - ray (of light); च (ca) - and; जीमूतः (jīmūtaḥ) - cloud; जीवनः (jīvanaḥ) - life-giver; अरिहा (arihā) - destroyer of enemies;]
(Overseer of the world, overseer of beings, creator of all, dispeller of darkness, Varuṇa, ocean, ray (of light), and cloud, life-giver, destroyer of enemies.)
He is the overseer of the world and of beings, the creator of all, the dispeller of darkness, Varuṇa, the ocean, the ray of light, the cloud, the life-giver, and the destroyer of enemies. (3-3-24)
भूताश्रयो भूतपतिः सर्वभूतनिषेवितः। मणिः सुवर्णो भूतादिः कामदः सर्वतोमुखः ॥३-३-२५॥
bhūtāśrayo bhūtapatiḥ sarvabhūtaniṣevitaḥ। maṇiḥ suvarṇo bhūtādiḥ kāmadaḥ sarvatomukhaḥ ॥3-3-25॥
[भूताश्रयः (bhūtāśrayaḥ) - having beings as support; भूतपतिः (bhūtapatiḥ) - lord of beings; सर्वभूतनिषेवितः (sarvabhūtaniṣevitaḥ) - served by all beings; मणिः (maṇiḥ) - jewel; सुवर्णः (suvarṇaḥ) - gold; भूतादिः (bhūtādiḥ) - origin of beings; कामदः (kāmadaḥ) - giver of desires; सर्वतोमुखः (sarvatomukhaḥ) - facing all directions;]
(Having beings as support, lord of beings, served by all beings, jewel, gold, origin of beings, giver of desires, facing all directions.)
He is the support of all beings, the lord of beings, served by all beings, like a jewel and gold, the origin of beings, the fulfiller of desires, and one who faces all directions. (3-3-25)
जयो विशालो वरदः शीघ्रगः प्राणधारणः। धन्वन्तरिर्धूमकेतुरादिदेवोऽदितेः सुतः ॥३-३-२६॥
jayo viśālo varadaḥ śīghragaḥ prāṇadhāraṇaḥ। dhanvantarirdhūmaketurādidevo'diteḥ sutaḥ ॥3-3-26॥
[जयः (jayaḥ) - victory; विशालः (viśālaḥ) - vast; वरदः (varadaḥ) - bestower of boons; शीघ्रगः (śīghragaḥ) - swift-going; प्राणधारणः (prāṇadhāraṇaḥ) - sustainer of life-breath; धन्वन्तरिः (dhanvantariḥ) - Dhanvantari; धूमकेतुः (dhūmaketuḥ) - comet; आदि-देवः (ādi-devaḥ) - primordial god; अदितेः (aditeḥ) - of Aditi; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son;]
(Victory, vast, bestower of boons, swift-going, sustainer of life-breath, Dhanvantari, comet, primordial god, son of Aditi.)
He is victory, vast, the bestower of boons, swift-moving, the sustainer of life, Dhanvantari, the comet, the primordial god, and the son of Aditi. (3-3-26)
द्वादशात्मारविन्दाक्षः पिता माता पितामहः। स्वर्गद्वारं प्रजाद्वारं मोक्षद्वारं त्रिविष्टपम् ॥३-३-२७॥
dvādaśātmāravindākṣaḥ pitā mātā pitāmahaḥ। svargadvāraṃ prajādvāraṃ mokṣadvāraṃ triviṣṭapam ॥3-3-27॥
[द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; अरविन्द (aravinda) - lotus; अक्षः (akṣaḥ) - eyed; पिता (pitā) - father; माता (mātā) - mother; पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather; स्वर्गद्वारं (svargadvāraṃ) - heaven's gate; प्रजाद्वारं (prajādvāraṃ) - progeny's gate; मोक्षद्वारं (mokṣadvāraṃ) - liberation's gate; त्रिविष्टपम् (triviṣṭapam) - heaven;]
(Twelve-self lotus-eyed, father, mother, grandfather; heaven's gate, progeny's gate, liberation's gate, heaven. (3-3-27))
The twelve-souled, lotus-eyed one is the father, mother, and grandfather; he is the gate to heaven, the gate to progeny, the gate to liberation, and the heaven itself. (3-3-27)
देहकर्ता प्रशान्तात्मा विश्वात्मा विश्वतोमुखः। चराचरात्मा सूक्ष्मात्मा मैत्रेण वपुषान्वितः ॥३-३-२८॥
dehakartā praśāntātmā viśvātmā viśvatomukhaḥ। carācarātmā sūkṣmātmā maitreṇa vapuṣānvitaḥ ॥3-3-28॥
[देहकर्ता (dehakartā) - body-maker; प्रशान्तात्मा (praśāntātmā) - one whose self is tranquil; विश्वात्मा (viśvātmā) - soul of the universe; विश्वतोमुखः (viśvatomukhaḥ) - one who faces all directions; चराचरात्मा (carācarātmā) - soul of the moving and unmoving; सूक्ष्मात्मा (sūkṣmātmā) - subtle self; मैत्रेण (maitreṇa) - with friendliness; वपुषा (vapuṣā) - with form; अन्वितः (anvitaḥ) - endowed;]
(Body-maker, one whose self is tranquil, soul of the universe, one who faces all directions, soul of the moving and unmoving, subtle self, endowed with form with friendliness.)
He is the maker of bodies, tranquil in self, the soul of the universe, facing all directions, the soul of all that moves and does not move, the subtle self, endowed with a form of friendliness. (3-3-28)
एतद्वै कीर्तनीयस्य सूर्यस्यैव महात्मनः। नाम्नामष्टशतं पुण्यं शक्रेणोक्तं महात्मना ॥३-३-२९॥
etad vai kīrtanīyasya sūryasyaiva mahātmanaḥ। nāmnām aṣṭaśataṃ puṇyaṃ śakreṇoktaṃ mahātmanā ॥3-3-29॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; वै (vai) - indeed; कीर्तनीयस्य (kīrtanīyasya) - of the one to be praised; सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of Sūrya; एव (eva) - only; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled; नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names; अष्टशतम् (aṣṭaśatam) - eight hundred; पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - meritorious; शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Śakra; उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled;]
(This indeed, of the one to be praised, of Sūrya only, of the great-souled, of names, eight hundred, meritorious, by Śakra, spoken, by the great-souled.)
This is indeed the meritorious eight hundred names of the praiseworthy and great-souled Sūrya, spoken by the great-souled Śakra. (3-3-29)
शक्राच्च नारदः प्राप्तो धौम्यश्च तदनन्तरम्। धौम्याद्युधिष्ठिरः प्राप्य सर्वान्कामानवाप्तवान् ॥३-३-३०॥
śakrāc ca nāradaḥ prāpto dhaumyaś ca tadanantaram। dhaumyād yudhiṣṭhiraḥ prāpya sarvān kāmān avāptavān ॥3-3-30॥
[शक्रात् (śakrāt) - from Śakra; (Indra) च (ca) - and; नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; धौम्यः (dhaumyaḥ) - Dhaumya; च (ca) - and; तदनन्तरम् (tadanantaram) - immediately after that; धौम्यात् (dhaumyāt) - from Dhaumya; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; कामान् (kāmān) - desires; अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - attained;]
(From Śakra and Nārada arrived, and Dhaumya immediately after that. From Dhaumya, Yudhiṣṭhira, having obtained, attained all desires.)
Nārada arrived from Śakra, and Dhaumya immediately after him. From Dhaumya, Yudhiṣṭhira obtained and fulfilled all his desires. (3-3-30)
सुरपितृगणयक्षसेवितं; ह्यसुरनिशाचरसिद्धवन्दितम्। वरकनकहुताशनप्रभं; त्वमपि मनस्यभिधेहि भास्करम् ॥३-३-३१॥
surapitṛgaṇayakṣasevitaṃ; hyasuraniśācarasiddhavanditam। varakanakahutāśanaprabhaṃ; tvamapi manasyabhidhehi bhāskaram ॥3-3-31॥
[सुर (sura) - deva; god; पितृ (pitṛ) - ancestor; forefather; गण (gaṇa) - group; host; यक्ष (yakṣa) - yakṣa; nature-spirit; सेवितं (sevitaṃ) - served; attended; हि (hi) - indeed; surely; असुर (asura) - asura; demon; निशाचर (niśācara) - night-wanderer; rākṣasa; सिद्ध (siddha) - perfected being; siddha; वन्दितम् (vanditam) - praised; worshipped; वर (vara) - excellent; best; कनक (kanaka) - gold; golden; हुताशन (hutāśana) - fire; Agni; प्रभं (prabhaṃ) - splendour; radiance; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अपि (api) - also; even; मनसि (manasi) - in the mind; अभिधेहि (abhidhehi) - fix; direct; भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the Sun; Bhāskara;]
(Served by groups of gods, ancestors, and yakṣas; indeed, praised by asuras, night-wanderers, and siddhas. Of excellent golden fire-radiance; you also fix in the mind the Sun.)
Served by hosts of gods, ancestors, and yakṣas, and worshipped by asuras, night-wanderers, and siddhas, of excellent golden fire-like splendour; you too should fix your mind on Bhāskara, the Sun. (3-3-31)
सूर्योदये यस्तु समाहितः पठे; त्स पुत्रलाभं धनरत्नसञ्चयान्। लभेत जातिस्मरतां सदा नरः; स्मृतिं च मेधां च स विन्दते पराम् ॥३-३-३२॥
sūryodaye yastu samāhitaḥ paṭhe; tsa putralābhaṃ dhanaratnasañcayān. labheta jātismaratāṃ sadā naraḥ; smṛtiṃ ca medhāṃ ca sa vindate parām ॥3-3-32॥
[सूर्योदये (sūryodaye) - at sunrise; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated; पठेत् (paṭhet) - recites; सः (saḥ) - he; पुत्रलाभम् (putralābham) - gain of sons; धनरत्नसञ्चयान् (dhanaratnasañcayān) - accumulation of wealth and gems; लभेत (labheta) - obtains; जातिस्मरताम् (jātismaratām) - remembrance of previous births; सदा (sadā) - always; नरः (naraḥ) - man; स्मृतिम् (smṛtim) - memory; च (ca) - and; मेधाम् (medhām) - intelligence; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; विन्दते (vindate) - attains; पराम् (parām) - supreme;]
(At sunrise, but he who concentrated recites, he gains sons, accumulation of wealth and gems, obtains remembrance of previous births always, man, memory and intelligence and he attains supreme.)
Whoever recites this with concentration at sunrise attains sons, the accumulation of wealth and gems, always obtains remembrance of previous births, and as a man, attains supreme memory and intelligence. (3-3-32)
इमं स्तवं देववरस्य यो नरः; प्रकीर्तयेच्छुचिसुमनाः समाहितः। स मुच्यते शोकदवाग्निसागरा; ल्लभेत कामान्मनसा यथेप्सितान् ॥३-३-३३॥
imaṃ stavaṃ devavarasya yo naraḥ; prakīrtayecchucisumanāḥ samāhitaḥ। sa mucyate śokadavāgnisāgarā; llabheta kāmānmanasā yathepsitān ॥3-3-33॥
[इमं (imaṃ) - this; (accusative singular masculine) स्तवं (stavaṃ) - hymn; (accusative singular masculine) देववरस्य (devavarasya) - of the best of gods; (genitive singular masculine) यः (yaḥ) - who; (nominative singular masculine) नरः (naraḥ) - man; (nominative singular masculine) प्रकीर्तयेत् (prakīrtayet) - should recite; (optative, 3rd person singular) शुचिसुमनाः (śucisumanāḥ) - with pure mind; (nominative singular masculine) समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated; (nominative singular masculine) सः (saḥ) - he; (nominative singular masculine) मुच्यते (mucyate) - is released; (present passive, 3rd person singular) शोकदवाग्निसागरात् (śokadavāgnisāgarāt) - from the ocean of the wildfire of sorrow; लभेत (labheta) - may obtain; (optative, 3rd person singular) कामान् (kāmān) - desires; (accusative plural masculine) मनसा (manasā) - by mind; (instrumental singular neuter) यथ (yathā) - as; (indeclinable) इप्सितान् (ipsitān) - wished for; (accusative plural masculine);]
(This hymn of the best of gods, whichever man should recite, with pure mind, concentrated, he is released from the ocean of the wildfire of sorrow; may obtain desires by mind as wished for.)
Whoever man recites this hymn of the best of gods with a pure and concentrated mind, he is freed from the ocean of the wildfire of sorrow and may obtain by his mind whatever desires he wishes. (3-3-33)
