03.005
Pancharatra: Dhritarastra’s enquiry to Vidura on how to safeguard themselves from citizens. Vidura departs.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun) उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
वनं प्रविष्टेष्वथ पाण्डवेषु; प्रज्ञाचक्षुस्तप्यमानोऽम्बिकेयः। धर्मात्मानं विदुरमगाधबुद्धिं; सुखासीनो वाक्यमुवाच राजा ॥३-५-१॥
vanaṃ praviṣṭeṣvatha pāṇḍaveṣu; prajñācakṣustapyamāno’mbikeyaḥ. dharmātmānaṃ viduram agādhabuddhiṃ; sukhāsīno vākyam uvāca rājā ॥3-5-1॥
[वनम् (vanam) - forest; प्रविष्टेषु (praviṣṭeṣu) - having entered; अथ (atha) - then; पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - when the Pāṇḍavas; प्रज्ञाचक्षुः (prajñācakṣuḥ) - one whose eye is wisdom; तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - tormented; अम्बिकेयः (ambikeyaḥ) - son of Ambikā; धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - the righteous-souled; विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura; अगाधबुद्धिम् (agādhabuddhim) - of unfathomable intellect; सुखासीनः (sukhāsīnaḥ) - comfortably seated; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; राजा (rājā) - the king;]
(When the Pāṇḍavas had entered the forest, then the son of Ambikā, whose eye is wisdom, tormented, spoke words to Vidura, the righteous-souled, of unfathomable intellect, while comfortably seated, the king.)
When the Pāṇḍavas had entered the forest, the son of Ambikā, King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, tormented and wise, spoke to Vidura, the righteous and profoundly intelligent, while seated comfortably. (3-5-1)
प्रज्ञा च ते भार्गवस्येव शुद्धा; धर्मं च त्वं परमं वेत्थ सूक्ष्मम्। समश्च त्वं संमतः कौरवाणां; पथ्यं चैषां मम चैव ब्रवीहि ॥३-५-२॥
prajñā ca te bhārgavasyeva śuddhā; dharmaṃ ca tvaṃ paramaṃ vettha sūkṣmam। samaś ca tvaṃ saṃmataḥ kauravāṇāṃ; pathyaṃ caiṣāṃ mama caiva bravīhi ॥3-5-2॥
[प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; भार्गवस्य (bhārgavasya) - of Bhārgava; इव (iva) - like; शुद्धा (śuddhā) - pure; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - dharma; च (ca) - and; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; परमं (paramaṃ) - supreme; वेत्थ (vettha) - know; सूक्ष्मम् (sūkṣmam) - subtle; समः (samaḥ) - equal; च (ca) - and; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - respected; कौरवाणां (kauravāṇāṃ) - of the Kauravas; पथ्यम् (pathyam) - wholesome; च (ca) - and; एषाम् (eṣām) - for these; मम (mama) - for me; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - speak; ३-५-२ (3-5-2) -;]
(Wisdom and your (is) like Bhārgava's, pure; dharma and you know the supreme subtle (truth). Equal and you (are) respected of the Kauravas; wholesome for these and for me indeed speak (it).)
Your wisdom is as pure as that of Bhārgava; you know the supreme and subtle dharma. You are impartial and respected among the Kauravas; therefore, speak what is wholesome for them and for me. (3-5-2)
एवं गते विदुर यदद्य कार्यं; पौराश्चेमे कथमस्मान्भजेरन्। ते चाप्यस्मान्नोद्धरेयुः समूला; न्न कामये तांश्च विनश्यमानान् ॥३-५-३॥
evaṃ gate vidura yad adya kāryaṃ; paurāś ceme katham asmān bhajeran. te cāpy asmān noddhareyuḥ samūlān na kāmaye tāṃś ca vinaśyamānān ॥3-5-3॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; गते (gate) - having gone; विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; यत् (yat) - what; अद्य (adya) - today; कार्यं (kāryaṃ) - to be done; पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens; च (ca) - and; इमे (ime) - these; कथम् (katham) - how; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; भजेरन् (bhajeran) - might associate; ते (te) - they; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; न (na) - not; उद्धरेयुः (uddhareyuḥ) - might uplift; समूलान् (samūlān) - with roots; न (na) - not; कामये (kāmaye) - I desire; तान् (tān) - them; च (ca) - and; विनश्यमानान् (vinaśyamānān) - perishing;]
(Thus having gone, Vidura, what today is to be done; these citizens and how might they associate with us. They also might not uplift us with roots; I do not desire those who are perishing.)
Thus, Vidura, in this situation, what should be done today? How might these citizens associate with us? Even if they could not uplift us completely, I do not wish for those who are perishing. (3-5-3)
विदुर उवाच॥
vidura uvāca॥
[विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; (name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]
(Vidura said;)
Vidura said.
त्रिवर्गोऽयं धर्ममूलो नरेन्द्र; राज्यं चेदं धर्ममूलं वदन्ति। धर्मे राजन्वर्तमानः स्वशक्त्या; पुत्रान्सर्वान्पाहि कुन्तीसुतांश्च ॥३-५-४॥
trivargo'yaṃ dharmamūlo narendra; rājyaṃ cedaṃ dharmamūlaṃ vadanti. dharme rājanvartamānaḥ svaśaktyā; putrānsarvān pāhi kuntīsutāṃśca ॥3-5-4॥
[त्रिवर्गः (trivargaḥ) - threefold aim (dharma, artha, kāma); अयम् (ayam) - this; धर्ममूलः (dharmamūlaḥ) - rooted in dharma; नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; च (ca) - and; इदम् (idam) - this; धर्ममूलम् (dharmamūlam) - rooted in dharma; वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; राजन् (rājan) - O king; वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - abiding; स्वशक्त्या (svaśaktyā) - by your own strength; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; पाहि (pāhi) - protect; कुन्ती-सुतान् (kuntī-sutān) - Kunti's sons; च (ca) - and;]
(The threefold aim, this is rooted in dharma, O king; this kingdom also is said to be rooted in dharma. Abiding in dharma, O king, by your own strength, protect all the sons, and Kunti's sons.)
O king, the threefold aim of life is rooted in dharma; it is said that this kingdom too is founded on dharma. Therefore, abiding in dharma and by your own strength, protect all your sons and the sons of Kunti. (3-5-4)
स वै धर्मो विप्रलुप्तः सभायां; पापात्मभिः सौबलेयप्रधानैः। आहूय कुन्तीसुतमक्षवत्यां; पराजैषीत्सत्यसन्धं सुतस्ते ॥३-५-५॥
sa vai dharmo vipraluptaḥ sabhāyāṃ; pāpātmabhiḥ saubaleyapradhānaiḥ. āhūya kuntīsutam akṣavatyāṃ; parājaiṣīt satyasaṃdhaṃ sutas te ॥3-5-5॥
[स (sa) - that; वै (vai) - indeed; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; विप्रलुप्तः (vipraluptaḥ) - violated; सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly; पापात्मभिः (pāpātmabhiḥ) - by evil-minded ones; सौबलेयप्रधानैः (saubaleyapradhānaiḥ) - with the chief among the sons of Subala; आहूय (āhūya) - having summoned; कुन्ती-सुतम् (kuntī-sutam) - the son of Kunti; अक्षवत्याम् (akṣavatyām) - at dice; पराजैषीत् (parājaiṣīt) - defeated; सत्यसन्धम् (satyasaṃdham) - the truthful one; सुतः (sutaḥ) - the son; ते (te) - your;]
(That indeed righteousness was violated in the assembly by evil-minded ones with the chief among the sons of Subala; having summoned the son of Kunti at dice, your son defeated the truthful one.)
Righteousness was indeed violated in the assembly by evil-minded men led by the chief among the sons of Subala; having summoned the son of Kunti to the game of dice, your son defeated the truthful Yudhishthira. (3-5-5)
एतस्य ते दुष्प्रणीतस्य राज; ञ्शेषस्याहं परिपश्याम्युपायम्। यथा पुत्रस्तव कौरव्य पापा; न्मुक्तो लोके प्रतितिष्ठेत साधु ॥३-५-६॥
etasya te duṣpraṇītasya rāja; ñśeṣasyāhaṃ paripaśyāmyupāyam। yathā putrastava kauravya pāpān mukto loke pratitiṣṭheta sādhu ॥3-5-6॥
[एतस्य (etasya) - of this; ते (te) - your; दुष्प्रणीतस्य (duṣpraṇītasya) - ill-conducted; राजन् (rājan) - O king; शेषस्य (śeṣasya) - of the remainder; अहम् (aham) - I; परिपश्यामि (paripaśyāmi) - see; उपायम् (upāyam) - means; यथा (yathā) - so that; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; तव (tava) - your; कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Kauravya; पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin; मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - freed; लोके (loke) - in the world; प्रतितिष्ठेत् (pratitiṣṭhet) - may stand; साधु (sādhu) - virtuous;]
(Of this your ill-conducted matter, O king, of the remainder I see a means; so that your son, O Kauravya, freed from sin, may stand as virtuous in the world.)
O king, regarding this wrongful act of yours, I see a way for what remains; so that your son, O Kauravya, may be freed from sin and stand as a virtuous person in the world. (3-5-6)
तद्वै सर्वं पाण्डुपुत्रा लभन्तां; यत्तद्राजन्नतिसृष्टं त्वयासीत्। एष धर्मः परमो यत्स्वकेन; राजा तुष्येन्न परस्वेषु गृध्येत् ॥३-५-७॥
tad vai sarvaṃ pāṇḍuputrā labhantāṃ; yat tad rājan atisṛṣṭaṃ tvayā āsīt। eṣa dharmaḥ paramo yat svakena; rājā tuṣyen na parasveṣu gṛdhyet ॥3-5-7॥
[तत् (tat) - that; वै (vai) - indeed; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - sons of Pāṇḍu; लभन्ताम् (labhantām) - may obtain; यत् (yat) - which; तत् (tat) - that; राजन् (rājan) - O king; अतिसृष्टम् (atisṛṣṭam) - completely relinquished; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme; यत् (yat) - which; स्वकेन (svakena) - by one's own; राजा (rājā) - king; तुष्येत् (tuṣyet) - should be satisfied; न (na) - not; परस्वेषु (parasveṣu) - in others' (possessions); गृध्येत् (gṛdhyet) - should covet;]
(That indeed all the sons of Pāṇḍu may obtain, which, O king, was completely relinquished by you. This is the supreme duty: that by one's own (possessions) the king should be satisfied, not should he covet in others' (possessions).)
Let all that, O king, which you have completely relinquished, be obtained by the sons of Pāṇḍu. This is the highest duty: a king should be content with what is his own and should not covet the possessions of others. (3-5-7)
एतत्कार्यं तव सर्वप्रधानं; तेषां तुष्टिः शकुनेश्चावमानः। एवं शेषं यदि पुत्रेषु ते स्या; देतद्राजंस्त्वरमाणः कुरुष्व ॥३-५-८॥
etat kāryaṃ tava sarvapradhānaṃ; teṣāṃ tuṣṭiḥ śakuneś cāvamānaḥ. evaṃ śeṣaṃ yadi putreṣu te syā; detad rājaṃs tvaramāṇaḥ kuruṣva ॥3-5-8॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; कार्यं (kāryam) - action; तव (tava) - your; सर्वप्रधानं (sarvapradhānam) - most important of all; तेषां (teṣām) - of them; तुष्टिः (tuṣṭiḥ) - satisfaction; शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Śakuni; च (ca) - and; अवमानः (avamānaḥ) - disrespect; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; शेषं (śeṣam) - the rest; यदि (yadi) - if; पुत्रेषु (putreṣu) - among sons; ते (te) - your; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - being swift; कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do; ३-५-८ (3-5-8) - (3-5-8);]
(This action of yours is the most important of all; their satisfaction and Śakuni's disrespect. Thus, if the rest should be among your sons, O king, do this swiftly. (3-5-8))
This is your most important duty; the satisfaction of those people and the disrespect of Śakuni. Thus, if the rest is among your sons, O king, do this quickly. (3-5-8)
अथैतदेवं न करोषि राज; न्ध्रुवं कुरूणां भविता विनाशः। न हि क्रुद्धो भीमसेनोऽर्जुनो वा; शेषं कुर्याच्छात्रवाणामनीके ॥३-५-९॥
athaitadevaṃ na karoṣi rāja; ndhruvaṃ kurūṇāṃ bhavitā vināśaḥ। na hi kruddho bhīmaseno'rjuno vā; śeṣaṃ kuryācchātravāṇāmanīke ॥3-5-9॥
[अथ (atha) - now; एतद् (etad) - this; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; न (na) - not; करोषि (karoṣi) - you do; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ध्रुवं (dhruvaṃ) - certainly; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; वा (vā) - or; शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remainder; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do; शात्रवाणाम् (śātravāṇām) - of the enemies; अनीके (anīke) - in the army;]
(Now, if you do not do this thus, O king, certainly there will be destruction of the Kurus. For neither the angry Bhīmasena nor Arjuna would leave any remainder of the enemies in the army.)
Therefore, O king, if you do not act in this way, the destruction of the Kurus is certain. For neither the enraged Bhīmasena nor Arjuna would spare any of the enemies in the army. (3-5-9)
येषां योद्धा सव्यसाची कृतास्त्रो; धनुर्येषां गाण्डिवं लोकसारम्। येषां भीमो बाहुशाली च योद्धा; तेषां लोके किं नु न प्राप्यमस्ति ॥३-५-१०॥
yeṣāṃ yoddhā savyasācī kṛtāstro; dhanuryeṣāṃ gāṇḍivaṃ lokasāram। yeṣāṃ bhīmo bāhuśālī ca yoddhā; teṣāṃ loke kiṃ nu na prāpyamasti ॥3-5-10॥
[येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; योद्धा (yoddhā) - warrior; सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - ambidextrous (Arjuna); कृतास्त्रः (kṛtāstraḥ) - master of weapons; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; गाण्डिवम् (gāṇḍivam) - Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow); लोकसारम् (lokasāram) - essence of the worlds; येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma; बाहुशाली (bāhuśālī) - strong-armed; च (ca) - and; योद्धा (yoddhā) - warrior; तेषां (teṣām) - for them; लोके (loke) - in the world; किम् (kim) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; न (na) - not; प्राप्यम् (prāpyam) - attainable; अस्ति (asti) - is;]
(Of whom the warrior Savyasācī (Arjuna), master of weapons; whose bow is Gāṇḍīva, the essence of the worlds; of whom Bhīma, strong-armed and a warrior; for them, in the world, what indeed is not attainable? (3-5-10))
For those whose warrior is Savyasācī (Arjuna), master of weapons, whose bow is Gāṇḍīva, the essence of the worlds, and for whom Bhīma, the strong-armed, is also a warrior—for such as them, what in this world could possibly be unattainable? (3-5-10)
उक्तं पूर्वं जातमात्रे सुते ते; मया यत्ते हितमासीत्तदानीम्। पुत्रं त्यजेममहितं कुलस्ये; त्येतद्राजन्न च तत्त्वं चकर्थ ॥ इदानीं ते हितमुक्तं न चेत्त्वं; कर्तासि राजन्परितप्तासि पश्चात् ॥३-५-११॥
uktaṃ pūrvaṃ jātamātre sute te; mayā yat te hitam āsīt tadānīm। putraṃ tyaje mama hitaṃ kulasya; iti etat rājan na ca tattvaṃ cakartha॥ idānīṃ te hitam uktaṃ na cet tvaṃ; kartāsi rājan paritaptāsi paścāt॥3-5-11॥
[उक्तं (uktaṃ) - spoken; पूर्वं (pūrvaṃ) - before; जातमात्रे (jātamātre) - just-born; सुते (sute) - son; ते (te) - your; मया (mayā) - by me; यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - to you; हितम् (hitam) - beneficial; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then; पुत्रं (putraṃ) - son; त्यजे (tyaje) - abandon; मम (mama) - my; अहितं (ahitaṃ) - not beneficial; कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family; इति (iti) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तत्त्वं (tattvaṃ) - truth; चकर्थ (cakartha) - you did; इदानीं (idānīṃ) - now; ते (te) - to you; हितम् (hitam) - beneficial; उक्तं (uktaṃ) - spoken; न (na) - not; चेत् (cet) - if; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; कर्तासि (kartāsi) - will do; राजन् (rājan) - O king; परितप्तासि (paritaptāsi) - you will be tormented; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards;]
(Spoken before, when your son was just born, by me, which to you was beneficial then: 'Abandon the son, not beneficial to the family'—thus this, O king, and you did not do the truth. Now to you beneficial (words) are spoken; if you do not act, O king, you will be tormented afterwards. (3-5-11))
I told you before, when your son was just born, what was beneficial for you at that time: 'Abandon the son who is not beneficial to the family.' But, O king, you did not act according to the truth. Now again I tell you what is beneficial; if you do not act, O king, you will regret it later. (3-5-11)
यद्येतदेवमनुमन्ता सुतस्ते; सम्प्रीयमाणः पाण्डवैरेकराज्यम्। तापो न ते वै भविता प्रीतियोगा; त्त्वं चेन्न गृह्णासि सुतं सहायैः ॥ अथापरो भवति हि तं निगृह्य; पाण्डोः पुत्रं प्रकुरुष्वाधिपत्ये ॥३-५-१२॥
yady etad evam anumantā sutas te; samprīyamāṇaḥ pāṇḍavair eka-rājyam। tāpo na te vai bhavitā prīti-yogāt; tvaṃ cen na gṛhṇāsi sutaṃ sahāyaiḥ॥ athāparo bhavati hi taṃ nigṛhya; pāṇḍoḥ putraṃ prakuruṣvā-dhipatye॥3-5-12॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; एतत् (etat) - this; एवम् (evam) - thus; अनुमन्ता (anumantā) - one who consents; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; ते (te) - your; सम्प्रीयमाणः (samprīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased; पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas; एक (eka) - one; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; तापः (tāpaḥ) - affliction; न (na) - not; ते (te) - to you; वै (vai) - indeed; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; प्रीति (prīti) - affection; योगात् (yogāt) - from union; त्वम् (tvam) - you; चेत् (cet) - if; न (na) - not; गृह्णासि (gṛhṇāsi) - accept; सुतम् (sutam) - son; सहायैः (sahāyaiḥ) - with allies; अथ (atha) - then; अपरो (aparaḥ) - another; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; हि (hi) - indeed; तम् (tam) - him; निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having subdued; पाण्डोः (pāṇḍoḥ) - of Pāṇḍu; पुत्रम् (putram) - son; प्रकुरुष्व (prakuruṣva) - appoint; अधिपत्ये (adhipatye) - in sovereignty;]
(If this is so, and your son consents, being pleased with the Pāṇḍavas for a united kingdom, there will indeed be no affliction for you due to the union of affection; but if you do not accept your son with allies, then another will arise, and having subdued him, appoint the son of Pāṇḍu in sovereignty. (3-5-12))
If this is so and your son agrees, being pleased with the Pāṇḍavas for a united kingdom, you will not suffer any affliction due to the bond of affection; but if you do not accept your son with his allies, then another will arise, and having subdued him, appoint the son of Pāṇḍu as sovereign. (3-5-12)
अजातशत्रुर्हि विमुक्तरागो; धर्मेणेमां पृथिवीं शास्तु राजन्। ततो राजन्पार्थिवाः सर्व एव; वैश्या इवास्मानुपतिष्ठन्तु सद्यः ॥३-५-१३॥
ajātaśatrur hi vimuktarāgo; dharmeṇemāṃ pṛthivīṃ śāstu rājan. tato rājan pārthivāḥ sarva eva; vaiśyā ivāsmān upatiṣṭhantu sadyaḥ ॥3-5-13॥
[अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - one whose enemies are not born; हि (hi) - indeed; विमुक्तरागः (vimuktarāgaḥ) - one who is free from passion; धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by righteousness; इमां (imām) - this; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīm) - earth; शास्तु (śāstu) - should rule; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ततः (tataḥ) - then; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings; सर्व (sarva) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - merchants; इव (iva) - like; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; उपतिष्ठन्तु (upatiṣṭhantu) - should attend; सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately;]
(One whose enemies are not born, indeed, who is free from passion, by righteousness, this earth should rule, O king. Then, O king, the kings, all indeed, like merchants, us, should attend, immediately.)
O king, let the one whose enemies are not born and who is free from passion rule this earth by righteousness. Then, O king, let all the other kings attend to us at once, just as merchants do. (3-5-13)
दुर्योधनः शकुनिः सूतपुत्रः; प्रीत्या राजन्पाण्डुपुत्रान्भजन्ताम्। दुःशासनो याचतु भीमसेनं; सभामध्ये द्रुपदस्यात्मजां च ॥३-५-१४॥
duryodhanaḥ śakuniḥ sūtaputraḥ; prītyā rājan pāṇḍuputrān bhajantām। duḥśāsano yācatu bhīmasenaṃ; sabhāmadhye drupadasyātmajāṃ ca ॥3-5-14॥
[दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; (uncle of Duryodhana) सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - son of the charioteer; (Karna) प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पाण्डुपुत्रान् (pāṇḍuputrān) - the sons of Pāṇḍu; भजन्ताम् (bhajantām) - let them serve; दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana; (brother of Duryodhana) याचतु (yācatu) - let him request; भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena; सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the midst of the assembly; द्रुपदस्यात्मजां (drupadasyātmajām) - the daughter of Drupada; च (ca) - and;]
(Duryodhana, Śakuni, the son of the charioteer; with affection, O king, let them serve the sons of Pāṇḍu. Duḥśāsana, let him request Bhīmasena and the daughter of Drupada in the midst of the assembly.)
Duryodhana, Śakuni, and Karna, with affection, O king, should serve the sons of Pāṇḍu. Let Duḥśāsana request Bhīmasena and also the daughter of Drupada in the midst of the assembly. (3-5-14)
युधिष्ठिरं त्वं परिसान्त्वयस्व; राज्ये चैनं स्थापयस्वाभिपूज्य। त्वया पृष्टः किमहमन्यद्वदेय; मेतत्कृत्वा कृतकृत्योऽसि राजन् ॥३-५-१५॥
yudhiṣṭhiraṃ tvaṃ parisāntvayasva; rājye cainaṃ sthāpayasvābhipūjya. tvayā pṛṣṭaḥ kimahamanyadvadeya; metatkṛtvā kṛtakṛtyo'si rājan ॥3-5-15॥
[युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira; (accusative singular) त्वम् (tvam) - you; (nominative singular) परिसान्त्वयस्व (parisāntvayasva) - completely conciliate; (imperative, 2nd person singular) राज्ये (rājye) - in the kingdom; (locative singular) च (ca) - and; एनम् (enam) - him; (accusative singular, pronoun) स्थापयस्व (sthāpayasva) - establish; (imperative, 2nd person singular) अभिपूज्य (abhipūjya) - having duly honored; (absolutive) त्वया (tvayā) - by you; (instrumental singular) पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked; (past passive participle, nominative singular) किम् (kim) - what; अहम् (aham) - I; अन्यत् (anyat) - else; other; वदेय (vadeya) - should say; (optative, 1st person singular) मेतत् (metat) - this; (pronoun, sandhi of 'me' + 'etat') कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; (absolutive) कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished his purpose; (nominative singular) असि (asi) - are; (2nd person singular, present) राजन् (rājan) - O king; (vocative singular);]
(Yudhishthira you completely conciliate; in the kingdom and him establish having duly honored. By you asked what I else should say; this having done one who has accomplished his purpose you are O king (3-5-15).)
Conciliate Yudhishthira completely; honor him and establish him in the kingdom. What else should I say, having been asked by you? Having done this, you will have fulfilled your duty, O king. (3-5-15)
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra; (name of the blind king; dhṛta - held; rāṣṭra - kingdom;) उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak; 3rd person singular perfect; he said;);]
(Dhṛtarāṣṭra said;)
Dhṛtarāṣṭra said.
एतद्वाक्यं विदुर यत्ते सभाया; मिह प्रोक्तं पाण्डवान्प्राप्य मां च। हितं तेषामहितं मामकाना; मेतत्सर्वं मम नोपैति चेतः ॥३-५-१६॥
etadvākyaṃ vidura yatte sabhāyā; miha proktaṃ pāṇḍavānprāpya māṃ ca. hitaṃ teṣāmahitaṃ māmakānā; metatsarvaṃ mama nopaiti cetaḥ ॥3-5-16॥
[एतद् (etad) - this; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - statement; विदुर (vidura) - O Vidura; यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - to you; सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly; इह (iha) - here; प्रोक्तं (proktaṃ) - spoken; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; माम् (mām) - me; च (ca) - and; हितं (hitaṃ) - beneficial; तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them; अहितं (ahitaṃ) - not beneficial; मामकानाम् (māmakānām) - for mine; एतत् (etat) - this; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; मम (mama) - my; न (na) - not; उपैति (upaiti) - approaches; चेतः (cetaḥ) - mind;]
(This statement, O Vidura, which was spoken to you here in the assembly, having reached the Pāṇḍavas and me, is beneficial for them, not beneficial for mine; all this does not approach my mind.)
O Vidura, this statement which was spoken to you here in the assembly, having reached the Pāṇḍavas and me, is beneficial for them but not for my people; all this does not enter my mind. (3-5-16)
इदं त्विदानीं कुत एव निश्चितं; तेषामर्थे पाण्डवानां यदात्थ। तेनाद्य मन्ये नासि हितो ममेति; कथं हि पुत्रं पाण्डवार्थे त्यजेयम् ॥३-५-१७॥
idaṃ tvidānīṃ kuta eva niścitaṃ; teṣām arthe pāṇḍavānāṃ yad āttha. tenādya manye nāsi hito mameti; kathaṃ hi putraṃ pāṇḍavārthe tyajeyam ॥3-5-17॥
[इदं (idaṃ) - this; तु (tu) - but; इदानीं (idānīṃ) - now; कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where; एव (eva) - indeed; निश्चितं (niścitam) - decided; तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them; अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas; यत् (yat) - what; आत्थ (āttha) - you have said; तेन (tena) - by that; अद्य (adya) - today; मन््ये (manye) - I think; न (na) - not; असि (asi) - you are; हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial; मम (mama) - to me; इति (iti) - thus; कथम् (katham) - how; हि (hi) - indeed; पुत्रम् (putram) - son; पाण्डव-अर्थे (pāṇḍava-arthe) - for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas; त्यजेयम् (tyajeyam) - could I abandon;]
(This but now from where indeed decided; for them for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas what you have said. By that today I think not you are beneficial to me thus; how indeed son for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas could I abandon.)
But now, how has this decision come about? What you have said for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas—by that, today I think you are not beneficial to me. How indeed could I abandon my son for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas? (3-5-17)
असंशयं तेऽपि ममैव पुत्रा; दुर्योधनस्तु मम देहात्प्रसूतः। स्वं वै देहं परहेतोस्त्यजेति; को नु ब्रूयात्समतामन्ववेक्षन् ॥३-५-१८॥
asaṃśayaṃ te'pi mamaiva putrā; duryodhanastu mama dehātprasūtaḥ. svaṃ vai dehaṃ parahetostyajeti; ko nu brūyātsamatāmanvavekṣan ॥3-5-18॥
[असंशयं (asaṃśayam) - without doubt; तेऽपि (te'pi) - they also; मम एव (mama eva) - of mine indeed; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; तु (tu) - but; मम (mama) - of mine; देहात् (dehāt) - from (my) body; प्रसूतः (prasūtaḥ) - born; स्वम् (svam) - one's own; वै (vai) - indeed; देहम् (deham) - body; परहेतोः (parahetoḥ) - for another's sake; त्यजेत् (tyajet) - would abandon; कः (kaḥ) - who; नु (nu) - indeed; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say; समताम् (samatām) - equality; अन्ववेक्षन् (anvavekṣan) - considering;]
(Without doubt, they also are indeed my sons; but Duryodhana is born from my body. Who indeed, considering equality, would say that one should abandon one's own body for the sake of another?)
Without doubt, they too are truly my sons; but Duryodhana is born from my own body. Who, considering fairness, would say that one should give up one's own body for the sake of another? (3-5-18)
स मा जिह्मं विदुर सर्वं ब्रवीषि; मानं च तेऽहमधिकं धारयामि। यथेच्छकं गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा त्वं; सुसान्त्व्यमानाप्यसती स्त्री जहाति ॥३-५-१९॥
sa mā jihmaṃ vidura sarvaṃ bravīṣi; mānaṃ ca te'hamadhikaṃ dhārayāmi. yathecchakaṃ gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā tvaṃ; susāntvyamānāpy asatī strī jahāti ॥3-5-19॥
[स (sa) - he; मा (mā) - me; जिह्मं (jihmaṃ) - crooked; विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you speak; मानं (mānaṃ) - respect; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; अहम् (aham) - I; अधिकं (adhikaṃ) - more; धारयामि (dhārayāmi) - bear; यथेच्छकं (yathecchakaṃ) - as you wish; गच्छ (gaccha) - go; वा (vā) - or; तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stay; वा (vā) - or; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; सुसान्त्व्यमाना (susāntvyamānā) - being well-appeased; अपि (api) - even; असती (asatī) - unfaithful woman; स्त्री (strī) - woman; जहाति (jahāti) - abandons;]
(He, me, crooked, Vidura, all, you speak; respect and your I more bear. As you wish, go or stay or you; being well-appeased even, unfaithful woman, woman, abandons.)
You have not spoken anything crooked to me, Vidura; I bear even more respect for you. Do as you wish—go or stay. Even when well-appeased, an unfaithful woman abandons (her husband). (3-5-19)
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
एतावदुक्त्वा धृतराष्ट्रोऽन्वपद्य; दन्तर्वेश्म सहसोत्थाय राजन्। नेदमस्तीत्यथ विदुरो भाषमाणः; सम्प्राद्रवद्यत्र पार्था बभूवुः ॥३-५-२०॥
etāvad uktvā dhṛtarāṣṭro'nvapadya; dantarveśma sahasotthāya rājan। nedam astīty atha viduro bhāṣamāṇaḥ; samprādravad yatra pārthā babhūvuḥ ॥3-5-20॥
[एतावत् (etāvat) - thus much; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said; धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra; अन्वपद्य (anvapadya) - having followed; दन्तर्वेश्म (dantarveśma) - Dantav's house; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ने (ne) - not; इदम् (idam) - this; अस्ति (asti) - is; इति (iti) - thus; अथ (atha) - then; विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; भाषमाणः (bhāṣamāṇaḥ) - speaking; सम्प्राद्रवत् (samprādravat) - ran away; यत्र (yatra) - where; पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (Pandavas); बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - were;]
(Thus much having said, Dhritarashtra having followed; to Dantav's house, suddenly having risen, O king. "This is not so," thus then Vidura speaking; ran away where the Pandavas were.)
After saying this, Dhritarashtra followed; having suddenly risen, O king, to Dantav's house. Then Vidura, saying "This is not so," ran away to where the Pandavas were. (3-5-20)
