03.049
Core-Pancharatra: Bhima and Yudhisthira conversation.

जनमेजय उवाच॥

janamejaya uvāca॥

[जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya; (a proper name;) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Janamejaya said;)

Janamejaya said.

अस्त्रहेतोर्गते पार्थे शक्रलोकं महात्मनि। युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः किमकुर्वन्त पाण्डवाः ॥३-४९-१॥

astrahetorgate pārthe śakralokaṃ mahātmani। yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ kimakurvanta pāṇḍavāḥ ॥3-49-1॥

[अस्त्रहेतोः (astrahetoḥ) - for the sake of weapons; गते (gate) - having gone; पार्थे (pārthe) - when Pārtha (Arjuna); शक्रलोकं (śakralokam) - to the world of Indra; महात्मनि (mahātmani) - the great-souled; युधिष्ठिरप्रभृतयः (yudhiṣṭhiraprabhṛtayaḥ) - Yudhishthira and the others; किम् (kim) - what; अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - did (they) do; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas;]

(For the sake of weapons, with Pārtha, the great-souled, having gone to the world of Indra, what did Yudhishthira and the others, the Pāṇḍavas, do?)

When Pārtha (Arjuna), the great-souled, had gone to the world of Indra for the sake of weapons, what did Yudhishthira and the other Pāṇḍavas do? (3-49-1)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

अस्त्रहेतोर्गते पार्थे शक्रलोकं महात्मनि। न्यवसन्कृष्णया सार्धं काम्यके पुरुषर्षभाः ॥३-४९-२॥

astrahetorgate pārthe śakralokaṃ mahātmani। nyavasankṛṣṇayā sārdhaṃ kāmyake puruṣarṣabhāḥ ॥3-49-2॥

[अस्त्रहेतोः (astrahetoḥ) - for the sake of weapons; गते (gate) - having gone; पार्थे (pārthe) - when Pārtha; शक्रलोकं (śakralokaṃ) - to Indra's world; महात्मनि (mahātmani) - the great-souled; न्यवसन् (nyavasan) - they dwelt; कृष्णया (kṛṣṇayā) - with Kṛṣṇā; सार्धं (sārdhaṃ) - together; काम्यके (kāmyake) - in Kāmyaka; पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - the best of men;]

(For the sake of weapons, when Pārtha, the great-souled, had gone to Indra's world, the best of men dwelt together with Kṛṣṇā in Kāmyaka.)

When the great-souled Pārtha had gone to Indra's world for weapons, the best of men stayed together with Kṛṣṇā in Kāmyaka. (3-49-2)

ततः कदाचिदेकान्ते विविक्त इव शाद्वले। दुःखार्ता भरतश्रेष्ठा निषेदुः सह कृष्णया ॥ धनञ्जयं शोचमानाः साश्रुकण्ठाः सुदुःखिताः ॥३-४९-३॥

tataḥ kadācid ekānte vivikta iva śādvale। duḥkhārtā bharataśreṣṭhā niṣeduḥ saha kṛṣṇayā ॥ dhanañjayaṃ śocamānāḥ sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ suduḥkhitāḥ ॥3-49-3॥

[ततः (tataḥ) - then; कदाचित् (kadācit) - at some time; एकान्ते (ekānte) - in solitude; वivik्त (vivikta) - secluded; इव (iva) - as if; शाद्वले (śādvale) - on the grassy ground; दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow; भरतश्रेष्ठाः (bharataśreṣṭhāḥ) - best of the Bharatas; निषेदुः (niṣeduḥ) - sat down; सह (saha) - with; कृष्णया (kṛṣṇayā) - with Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī); धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna); शोचमानाः (śocamānāḥ) - grieving; साश्रुकण्ठाः (sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ) - with throats choked with tears; सुदुःखिताः (suduḥkhitāḥ) - greatly distressed;]

(Then at some time, in solitude, as if secluded, on the grassy ground, afflicted by sorrow, the best of the Bharatas sat down with Kṛṣṇā. Grieving for Dhanañjaya, with throats choked with tears, greatly distressed.)

Then, at some point, the best of the Bharatas, afflicted by sorrow, sat down with Kṛṣṇā in a secluded grassy place. Grieving for Dhanañjaya, their throats choked with tears, they were greatly distressed. (3-49-3)

तद्वियोगाद्धि तान्सर्वाञ्शोकः समभिपुप्लुवे। धनञ्जयवियोगाच्च राज्यनाशाच्च दुःखिताः ॥३-४९-४॥

tad-viyogād dhi tān sarvān śokaḥ samabhipupluve। dhanañjaya-viyogāc ca rājya-nāśāc ca duḥkhitāḥ ॥3-49-4॥

[तत् (tat) - that; वियोगात् (viyogāt) - from separation; हि (hi) - indeed; तान् (tān) - them; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow; समभिपुप्लुवे (samabhipupluve) - completely overwhelmed; धनञ्जय (dhanañjaya) - Dhananjaya; वियोगात् (viyogāt) - from separation; च (ca) - and; राज्य (rājya) - kingdom; नाशात् (nāśāt) - from loss; च (ca) - and; दुःखिताः (duḥkhitāḥ) - afflicted;]

(Indeed, from that separation, sorrow completely overwhelmed all of them; and from the separation from Dhananjaya and from the loss of the kingdom, they were afflicted.)

Indeed, because of that separation, sorrow completely overwhelmed all of them; and due to the separation from Dhananjaya and the loss of the kingdom, they were afflicted. (3-49-4)

अथ भीमो महाबाहुर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत। निदेशात्ते महाराज गतोऽसौ पुरुषर्षभः ॥ अर्जुनः पाण्डुपुत्राणां यस्मिन्प्राणाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥३-४९-५॥

atha bhīmo mahābāhur yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata। nideśāt te mahārāja gato'sau puruṣarṣabhaḥ ॥ arjunaḥ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṃ yasmin prāṇāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ ॥3-49-5॥

[अथ (atha) - then; भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (accusative); अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke; निदेशात् (nideśāt) - by command; ते (te) - your; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; गतः (gataḥ) - has gone; असौ (asau) - he; पुरुषर्षभः (puruṣarṣabhaḥ) - bull among men; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pandu; यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - lives; प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - are established;]

(Then Bhima, mighty-armed, spoke to Yudhishthira. By your command, O great king, he has gone, that bull among men. Arjuna, in whom the lives of the sons of Pandu are established. (3-49-5))

Then the mighty-armed Bhima spoke to Yudhishthira: "O great king, by your command, that bull among men, Arjuna, has gone—the one in whom the lives of the sons of Pandu are established." (3-49-5)

यस्मिन्विनष्टे पाञ्चालाः सह पुत्रैस्तथा वयम्। सात्यकिर्वासुदेवश्च विनश्येयुरसंशयम् ॥३-४९-६॥

yasmin vinaṣṭe pāñcālāḥ saha putraistathā vayam। sātyakir vāsudevaś ca vinaśyeyur asaṃśayam ॥3-49-6॥

[यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; विनष्टे (vinaṣṭe) - having perished; पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas; सह (saha) - together with; पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons; तथा (tathā) - also; वयम् (vayam) - we; सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki; वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva; च (ca) - and; विनश्येयुः (vinaśyeyuḥ) - would perish; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt;]

(In whom having perished, the Pāñcālas together with (their) sons, also we, Sātyaki, Vāsudeva and would perish without doubt.)

If he perishes, the Pāñcālas along with their sons, we, Sātyaki, and Vāsudeva would also surely perish. (3-49-6)

योऽसौ गच्छति तेजस्वी बहून्क्लेशानचिन्तयन्। भवन्नियोगाद्बीभत्सुस्ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ॥३-४९-७॥

yo'sau gacchati tejasvī bahūnkleśānacintayan। bhavanniyogādbībhetsustato duḥkhataraṃ nu kim ॥3-49-7॥

[यः (yaḥ) - who; असौ (asau) - that; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes; तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - powerful; बहून् (bahūn) - many; क्लेशान् (kleśān) - afflictions; अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - not considering; भवत् (bhavat) - your; नियोगात् (niyogāt) - by command; बीभत्सुः (bībhetsuḥ) - fearful; ततः (tataḥ) - than that; दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more painful; नु (nu) - indeed; किम् (kim) - what;]

(Who that powerful one goes, not considering many afflictions, by your command, fearful, than that, what indeed is more painful?)

Who is that powerful person who, going forth without considering many afflictions, becomes fearful by your command? Indeed, what could be more painful than that? (3-49-7)

यस्य बाहू समाश्रित्य वयं सर्वे महात्मनः। मन्यामहे जितानाजौ परान्प्राप्तां च मेदिनीम् ॥३-४९-८॥

yasya bāhū samāśritya vayaṃ sarve mahātmanaḥ। manyāmahe jitān ājau parān prāptāṃ ca medinīm ॥3-49-8॥

[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; बाहू (bāhū) - arms; समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having taken refuge in; वयम् (vayam) - we; सर्वे (sarve) - all; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled; मन्मामहे (manyāmahe) - we consider; जितान् (jitān) - conquered; आजौ (ājau) - in battle; परान् (parān) - enemies; प्राप्ताम् (prāptām) - obtained; च (ca) - and; मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth;]

(Of whom arms having taken refuge in we all of the great-souled, we consider conquered in battle enemies, obtained and the earth.)

Taking refuge in the arms of that great-souled one, we all consider that we have conquered the enemies in battle and obtained the earth. (3-49-8)

यस्य प्रभावान्न मया सभामध्ये धनुष्मतः। नीता लोकममुं सर्वे धार्तराष्ट्राः ससौबलाः ॥३-४९-९॥

yasya prabhāvān na mayā sabhāmadhye dhanuṣmataḥ। nītā lokam amuṃ sarve dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ sasauvalāḥ ॥3-49-9॥

[यस्य (yasya) - of whose; प्रभावात् (prabhāvāt) - from the power; न (na) - not; मया (mayā) - by me; सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the midst of the assembly; धनुष्मतः (dhanuṣmataḥ) - of the bowman; नीता (nītā) - led; लोकम् (lokam) - to the world; अमुं (amuṃ) - this; सर्वे (sarve) - all; धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; ससौबलाः (sasauvalāḥ) - together with Saubala (Śakuni);]

(Of whose power, not by me, in the midst of the assembly, of the bowman, led to this world, all the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra together with Saubala.)

By whose power, I was not led by the bowman in the midst of the assembly; all the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra together with Saubala were brought to this world. (3-49-9)

ते वयं बाहुबलिनः क्रोधमुत्थितमात्मनः। सहामहे भवन्मूलं वासुदेवेन पालिताः ॥३-४९-१०॥

te vayaṃ bāhubalinaḥ krodham utthitam ātmanaḥ। sahāmahe bhavan-mūlaṃ vāsudevena pālitāḥ ॥3-49-10॥

[ते (te) - they; वयम् (vayam) - we; बाहुबलिनः (bāhubalinaḥ) - strong-armed; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; उत्थितम् (utthitam) - arisen; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of (our) self; सहामहे (sahāmahe) - we endure; भवन्मूलम् (bhavan-mūlam) - rooted in you; वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Vāsudeva; पालिताः (pālitāḥ) - protected;]

(They, we strong-armed, anger arisen of (our) self, we endure rooted in you, by Vāsudeva protected.)

We, though strong-armed, endure the anger that has arisen within ourselves, because we are protected by Vāsudeva, whose root is you. (3-49-10)

वयं हि सह कृष्णेन हत्वा कर्णमुखान्परान्। स्वबाहुविजितां कृत्स्नां प्रशासेम वसुन्धराम् ॥३-४९-११॥

vayaṃ hi saha kṛṣṇena hatvā karṇamukhān parān। svabāhuvijitāṃ kṛtsnāṃ praśāsema vasundharām ॥3-49-11॥

[वयं (vayaṃ) - we; हि (hi) - indeed; सह (saha) - together with; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Kṛṣṇa; हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain; कर्णमुखान् (karṇamukhān) - Karna and others; परान् (parān) - enemies; स्वबाहुविजितां (svabāhuvijitāṃ) - conquered by our own arms; कृत्स्नां (kṛtsnāṃ) - entire; प्रशासेम (praśāsema) - may we rule; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth;]

(We indeed, together with Kṛṣṇa, having slain Karṇa and the other enemies, may rule the entire earth conquered by our own arms.)

Indeed, together with Kṛṣṇa, after slaying Karṇa and the other enemies, may we rule the entire earth, won by our own strength. (3-49-11)

भवतो द्यूतदोषेण सर्वे वयमुपप्लुताः। अहीनपौरुषा राजन्बलिभिर्बलवत्तमाः ॥३-४९-१२॥

bhavato dyūtadoṣeṇa sarve vayamupaplutāḥ। ahīnapauruṣā rājanbalibhirbalavattamāḥ ॥3-49-12॥

[भवतः (bhavataḥ) - of you; (plural or respectful singular); द्यूतदोषेण (dyūtadoṣeṇa) - by the fault of gambling; सर्वे (sarve) - all; वयम् (vayam) - we; उपप्लुताः (upaplutāḥ) - afflicted; overwhelmed; अहीनपौरुषाः (ahīnapauruṣāḥ) - not lacking manliness; राजन् (rājan) - O king; बलिभिः (balibhiḥ) - by the strong; बलवत्तमाः (balavattamāḥ) - the most powerful;]

(Of you by the fault of gambling all we are afflicted. Not lacking manliness, O king, by the strong (we), the most powerful.)

O king, by the fault of your gambling, all of us have been overwhelmed. Though not lacking in manliness, we, the most powerful, have been overcome by the strong. (3-49-12)

क्षात्रं धर्मं महाराज समवेक्षितुमर्हसि। न हि धर्मो महाराज क्षत्रियस्य वनाश्रयः ॥ राज्यमेव परं धर्मं क्षत्रियस्य विदुर्बुधाः ॥३-४९-१३॥

kṣātraṃ dharmaṃ mahārāja samavekṣitumarhasi। na hi dharmo mahārāja kṣatriyasya vanāśrayaḥ ॥ rājyameva paraṃ dharmaṃ kṣatriyasya vidurbudhāḥ ॥3-49-13॥

[क्षात्रं (kṣātram) - of the kṣatriya; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; समवेक्षितुम् (samavekṣitum) - to consider; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kṣatriya; वनाश्रयः (vanāśrayaḥ) - resorting to the forest; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; एव (eva) - indeed; परं (param) - supreme; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of the kṣatriya; विदुः (viduḥ) - know; बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise;]

(You ought to consider the kṣatriya duty, O great king. Indeed, O great king, for a kṣatriya, resorting to the forest is not duty. The wise know the kingdom alone is the supreme duty of the kṣatriya. (3-49-13))

O great king, you should consider the duty of a kṣatriya. For a kṣatriya, living in the forest is not considered duty. The wise know that ruling the kingdom is the highest duty of a kṣatriya. (3-49-13)

स क्षत्रधर्मविद्राजन्मा धर्म्यान्नीनशः पथः। प्राग्द्वादश समा राजन्धार्तराष्ट्रान्निहन्महि ॥३-४९-१४॥

sa kṣatradharmavidrājanmā dharmyānnīnaśaḥ pathaḥ। prāgdvādaśa samā rājandhārtarāṣṭrānnihanmahi ॥3-49-14॥

[स (sa) - he; क्षत्रधर्मविद् (kṣatradharmavid) - knower of kṣatriya duty; राजन्मा (rājanmā) - born as a king; धर्म्यान् (dharmyān) - righteous; नीनशः (nīnaśaḥ) - not destroyed; पथः (pathaḥ) - paths; प्राक् (prāk) - before; द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve; समा (samā) - years; राजन् (rājan) - O king; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; निहन्महि (nihanmahi) - we shall slay;]

(He, knower of kṣatriya duty, born as a king, righteous, not destroyed paths. Before twelve years, O king, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, we shall slay.)

He, who knows the kṣatriya duty and is born as a king, will not abandon the righteous path. O king, after twelve years, we shall slay the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (3-49-14)

निवर्त्य च वनात्पार्थमानाय्य च जनार्दनम्। व्यूढानीकान्महाराज जवेनैव महाहवे ॥ धार्तराष्ट्रानमुं लोकं गमयामि विशां पते ॥३-४९-१५॥

nivartya ca vanāt pārtham ānāyya ca janārdanam। vyūḍhānīkān mahārāja javenaiva mahāhave॥ dhārtarāṣṭrān amuṃ lokaṃ gamayāmi viśāṃ pate॥3-49-15॥

[निवर्त्य (nivartya) - having brought back; च (ca) - and; वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest; पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna); आनाय्य (ānāyya) - having brought; च (ca) - and; जनार्दनम् (janārdanam) - Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa); व्यूढानीकान् (vyūḍhānīkān) - with arrayed troops; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; जवेनैव (javenaiva) - with speed indeed; महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; अमुं (amuṃ) - this; लोकम् (lokam) - world; गमयामि (gamayāmi) - I cause to go; विशां (viśām) - of men; पते (pate) - O lord;]

(Having brought back Pārtha from the forest and having brought Janārdana, O great king, with arrayed troops, with speed indeed, in the great battle, I cause the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra to go to this world, O lord of men. (3-49-15))

O great king, after bringing back Pārtha from the forest and bringing Janārdana, with the troops arrayed and with great speed in the great battle, I will send the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra to the next world, O lord of men. (3-49-15)

सर्वानहं हनिष्यामि धार्तराष्ट्रान्ससौबलान्। दुर्योधनं च कर्णं च यो वान्यः प्रतियोत्स्यते ॥३-४९-१६॥

sarvān ahaṃ haniṣyāmi dhārtarāṣṭrān sa-saubālān। duryodhanaṃ ca karṇaṃ ca yo vā anyaḥ pratiyotsyate ॥3-49-16॥

[सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (accusative plural); अहम् (aham) - I; हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - will slay; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; स (sa) - with; सौबलान् (saubālān) - the sons of Subala; दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana; च (ca) - and; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; वा (vā) - or; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other; प्रतियोत्स्यते (pratiyotsyate) - will fight against;]

(All I will slay, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra with the sons of Subala, Duryodhana and Karṇa and who or other will fight against.)

I will slay all the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra along with the sons of Subala, Duryodhana, Karṇa, and anyone else who may fight against me. (3-49-16)

मया प्रशमिते पश्चात्त्वमेष्यसि वनात्पुनः। एवं कृते न ते दोषो भविष्यति विशां पते ॥३-४९-१७॥

mayā praśamite paścāttvameṣyasi vanātpunaḥ। evaṃ kṛte na te doṣo bhaviṣyati viśāṃ pate ॥3-49-17॥

[मया (mayā) - by me; प्रशमिते (praśamite) - when pacified; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; त्वम् (tvam) - you; एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - will come; वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; कृते (kṛte) - when done; न (na) - not; ते (te) - to you; दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be; विशां पते (viśāṃ pate) - O lord of the people;]

(By me when pacified, afterwards you will come from the forest again. Thus when done, not to you fault will be, O lord of the people. (3-49-17))

When I have pacified things, you will return from the forest again. If this is done, there will be no fault for you, O lord of the people. (3-49-17)

यज्ञैश्च विविधैस्तात कृतं पापमरिंदम। अवधूय महाराज गच्छेम स्वर्गमुत्तमम् ॥३-४९-१८॥

yajñaiś ca vividhaiḥ tāta kṛtaṃ pāpam ariṃ-dama। avadhūya mahā-rāja gacchema svargam uttamam ॥3-49-18॥

[यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices; च (ca) - and; विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various; तात (tāta) - O dear one; कृतं (kṛtam) - done; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; अरिंदम (ariṃdama) - O subduer of enemies; अवधूय (avadhūya) - having shaken off; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; गच्छेम (gacchema) - let us go; स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme;]

(By sacrifices and by various (means), O dear one, the sin done, O subduer of enemies, having shaken off, O great king, let us go to the supreme heaven.)

O dear one, by various sacrifices, having shaken off the sin that was done, O subduer of enemies, O great king, let us go to the supreme heaven. (3-49-18)

एवमेतद्भवेद्राजन्यदि राजा न बालिशः। अस्माकं दीर्घसूत्रः स्याद्भवान्धर्मपरायणः ॥३-४९-१९॥

evam etad bhaved rājan yadi rājā na bāliśaḥ। asmākaṃ dīrghasūtraḥ syād bhavān dharmaparāyaṇaḥ ॥3-49-19॥

[एवम् (evam) - thus; in this way; एतत् (etat) - this; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; might be; राजन् (rājan) - O king; यदि (yadi) - if; राजा (rājā) - king; न (na) - not; बालिशः (bāliśaḥ) - foolish; childish; अस्माकं (asmākaṃ) - our; दीर्घसूत्रः (dīrghasūtraḥ) - procrastinator; slow to act; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; might be; भवान् (bhavān) - you; your honor; धर्मपरायणः (dharmaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to dharma; righteous;]

(Thus this may be, O king, if the king is not foolish. Of us, a procrastinator may be, you, devoted to dharma.)

Thus, O king, this may be the case if the king is not foolish. Among us, a procrastinator may be you, who are devoted to dharma. (3-49-19)

निकृत्या निकृतिप्रज्ञा हन्तव्या इति निश्चयः। न हि नैकृतिकं हत्वा निकृत्या पापमुच्यते ॥३-४९-२०॥

nikṛtyā nikṛtiprajñā hantavyā iti niścayaḥ। na hi naikṛtikaṃ hatvā nikṛtyā pāpamucyate ॥3-49-20॥

[निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; निकृति (nikṛti) - deceit; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - one who is wise; हन्तव्या (hantavyā) - should be slain; इति (iti) - thus; निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - decision; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; नैकृतिकं (naikṛtikaṃ) - not deceitful; हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]

(By deceit, the wise in deceit should be slain—thus (is) the decision. Not indeed, by slaying one who is not deceitful by deceit, is sin said.)

It is decided that one skilled in deceit should be slain by deceit. For, it is not considered sinful to slay a non-deceitful person by deceit. (3-49-20)

तथा भारत धर्मेषु धर्मज्ञैरिह दृश्यते। अहोरात्रं महाराज तुल्यं संवत्सरेण हि ॥३-४९-२१॥

tathā bhārata dharmeṣu dharmajñair iha dṛśyate। ahorātraṃ mahārāja tulyaṃ saṃvatsareṇa hi ॥3-49-21॥

[तथा (tathā) - thus; in this way; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; descendant of Bharata; धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in dharmas; among righteous acts; धर्मज्ञैः (dharmajñaiḥ) - by those who know dharma; by the wise in dharma; इह (iha) - here; in this world; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; is observed; अहोरात्रम् (ahorātram) - a day and night; 24 hours; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal; equivalent; संवत्सरेण (saṃvatsareṇa) - with a year; by a year; हि (hi) - indeed; surely;]

(Thus, O Bhārata, among dharmas, by those who know dharma, here it is seen: a day and night, O great king, is indeed equal to a year.)

In this way, O Bhārata, it is observed among the righteous by the wise that here, O great king, a single day and night is indeed considered equivalent to a year. (3-49-21)

तथैव वेदवचनं श्रूयते नित्यदा विभो। संवत्सरो महाराज पूर्णो भवति कृच्छ्रतः ॥३-४९-२२॥

tathaiva vedavacanaṃ śrūyate nityadā vibho। saṃvatsaro mahārāja pūrṇo bhavati kṛcchrataḥ ॥3-49-22॥

[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; thus; just so; वेदवचनं (vedavacanaṃ) - Veda statement; Vedic utterance; श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard; is recited; नित्यदा (nityadā) - always; at all times; विभो (vibho) - O mighty one; O lord; संवत्सरः (saṃvatsaraḥ) - year; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; पूर्णः (pūrṇaḥ) - full; complete; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; is; कृच्छ्रतः (kṛcchrataḥ) - with difficulty; through hardship;]

(Just so, the Veda statement is heard always, O mighty one. The year, O great king, becomes full with difficulty.)

In the same way, it is always said in the Vedas, O mighty one, that the year, O great king, is completed only with difficulty. (3-49-22)

यदि वेदाः प्रमाणं ते दिवसादूर्ध्वमच्युत। त्रयोदश समाः कालो ज्ञायतां परिनिष्ठितः ॥३-४९-२३॥

yadi vedāḥ pramāṇaṃ te divasād ūrdhvam acyuta। trayodaśa samāḥ kālo jñāyatāṃ pariniṣṭhitaḥ ॥3-49-23॥

[यदि (yadi) - if; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas; प्रमाणं (pramāṇam) - authority; ते (te) - your; दिवसात् (divasāt) - from the day; ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after; अच्युत (acyuta) - O Acyuta; त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen; समाः (samāḥ) - years; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; ज्ञायताम् (jñāyatām) - let it be known; परिनिष्ठितः (pariniṣṭhitaḥ) - determined;]

(If the Vedas are your authority, O Acyuta, let the time determined as thirteen years be known after the day.)

If the Vedas are your authority, O Acyuta, then let it be established that the period is thirteen years after that day. (3-49-23)

कालो दुर्योधनं हन्तुं सानुबन्धमरिंदम। एकाग्रां पृथिवीं सर्वां पुरा राजन्करोति सः ॥३-४९-२४॥

kālo duryodhanaṃ hantuṃ sānubandham ariṃdama। ekāgrāṃ pṛthivīṃ sarvāṃ purā rājan karoti saḥ ॥3-49-24॥

[कालः (kālaḥ) - time; दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana; हन्तुम् (hantum) - to slay; स-अनुबन्धम् (sa-anubandham) - with his associates; अरिंदम (ariṃdama) - O subduer of enemies; एकाग्रां (ekāgrām) - unified; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīm) - earth; सर्वां (sarvām) - all; पुरा (purā) - formerly; राजन् (rājan) - O king; करोति (karoti) - does; सः (saḥ) - he;]

(Time, Duryodhana, to slay, with his associates, O subduer of enemies; unified, earth, all, formerly, O king; does, he.)

O king, time, in order to slay Duryodhana along with his associates, formerly made the entire earth united, O subduer of enemies. (3-49-24)

एवं ब्रुवाणं भीमं तु धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः। उवाच सान्त्वयन्राजा मूर्ध्न्युपाघ्राय पाण्डवम् ॥३-४९-२५॥

evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ bhīmaṃ tu dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। uvāca sāntvayan rājā mūrdhny upāghrāya pāṇḍavam ॥3-49-25॥

[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; ब्रुवाणं (bruvāṇam) - speaking; भीमं (bhīmam) - Bhīma; तु (tu) - but; धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - king of dharma; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira; उवाच (uvāca) - said; सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - consoling; राजा (rājā) - king; मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head; उपाघ्राय (upāghrāya) - having smelled; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pāṇḍava;]

(Thus, to Bhīma who was speaking, but the king of dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira, said, consoling, the king, having smelled (kissed) the head of the Pāṇḍava.)

Thus, as Bhīma was speaking, King Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma, consoled him and, after smelling (kissing) the head of the Pāṇḍava, spoke these words. (3-49-25)

असंशयं महाबाहो हनिष्यसि सुयोधनम्। वर्षात्त्रयोदशादूर्ध्वं सह गाण्डीवधन्वना ॥३-४९-२६॥

asaṁśayaṁ mahābāho haniṣyasi suyodhanam। varṣāt trayodaśād ūrdhvaṁ saha gāṇḍīvadhanvanā ॥3-49-26॥

[असंशयं (asaṁśayam) - without doubt; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; हनिष्यसि (haniṣyasi) - you will slay; सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana; वर्षात् (varṣāt) - from the year; त्रयोदशात् (trayodaśāt) - from thirteen; ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - after; सह (saha) - together with; गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - with the wielder of the Gandiva bow;]

(Without doubt, O mighty-armed, you will slay Suyodhana; after thirteen years, together with the wielder of the Gandiva bow.)

O mighty-armed one, without doubt, you will slay Suyodhana after thirteen years, together with the wielder of the Gandiva bow. (3-49-26)

यच्च मा भाषसे पार्थ प्राप्तः काल इति प्रभो। अनृतं नोत्सहे वक्तुं न ह्येतन्मयि विद्यते ॥३-४९-२७॥

yacca mā bhāṣase pārtha prāptaḥ kāla iti prabho। anṛtaṃ notsahe vaktuṃ na hyetanmayi vidyate ॥3-49-27॥

[यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; मा (mā) - to me; भाषसे (bhāṣase) - you speak; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - has come; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; इति (iti) - thus; प्रभो (prabho) - O lord; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood; न (na) - not; उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; एतत् (etat) - this; मयि (mayi) - in me; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists;]

(And which you speak to me, O Pārtha, "time has come," thus, O lord, falsehood I am not able to speak; not indeed this in me exists.)

O Pārtha, what you say to me, "the time has come," O lord, I am not able to speak falsehood; for this does not exist in me. (3-49-27)

अन्तरेणापि कौन्तेय निकृतिं पापनिश्चयम्। हन्ता त्वमसि दुर्धर्ष सानुबन्धं सुयोधनम् ॥३-४९-२८॥

antareṇāpi kaunteya nikṛtiṃ pāpaniścayam। hantā tvam asi durdharṣa sānubandhaṃ suyodhanam ॥3-49-28॥

[अन्तरेणापि (antareṇāpi) - without also; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; निकृतिं (nikṛtim) - deceit; पापनिश्चयम् (pāpaniścayam) - one whose resolve is evil; हन्ता (hantā) - slayer; त्वम् (tvam) - you; असि (asi) - are; दुर्धर्ष (durdharṣa) - difficult to overcome; सानुबन्धं (sānubandhaṃ) - with his followers; सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana;]

(Without also, O son of Kunti, deceit, one whose resolve is evil; slayer you are, difficult to overcome, with his followers, Suyodhana.)

O son of Kunti, even without deceit, you are the slayer of Suyodhana, who is resolute in evil, difficult to overcome, along with his followers. (3-49-28)

एवं ब्रुवति भीमं तु धर्मराजे युधिष्ठिरे। आजगाम महाभागो बृहदश्वो महानृषिः ॥३-४९-२९॥

evaṃ bruvati bhīmaṃ tu dharmarāje yudhiṣṭhire। ājagāma mahābhāgo bṛhadaśvo mahānṛṣiḥ ॥3-49-29॥

[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; in this manner; ब्रुवति (bruvati) - speaking; saying; भीमं (bhīmam) - to Bhīma; तु (tu) - but; however; धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - in Dharmarāja; in the king of dharma; युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - in Yudhiṣṭhira; आजगाम (ājagāma) - arrived; came; महाभागो (mahābhāgaḥ) - the greatly fortunate one; बृहदश्वो (bṛhadaśvaḥ) - Bṛhadaśva; महानृषिः (mahānṛṣiḥ) - great sage;]

(Thus, while speaking to Bhīma, but in Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira, arrived the greatly fortunate Bṛhadaśva, the great sage.)

As Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of dharma, was thus speaking to Bhīma, the greatly fortunate sage Bṛhadaśva arrived. (3-49-29)

तमभिप्रेक्ष्य धर्मात्मा सम्प्राप्तं धर्मचारिणम्। शास्त्रवन्मधुपर्केण पूजयामास धर्मराट् ॥३-४९-३०॥

tam abhiprekṣya dharmātmā samprāptaṃ dharmacāriṇam। śāstravan madhuparkeṇa pūjayāmāsa dharmarāṭ ॥3-49-30॥

[तम् (tam) - him; अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having observed; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled; सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - arrived; धर्मचारिणम् (dharmacāriṇam) - practiser of dharma; शास्त्रवत् (śāstravat) - according to śāstra; मधुपर्केण (madhuparkeṇa) - with madhuparka; पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - honoured; धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - the king of dharma;]

(Him having observed, the righteous-souled (one), the arrived practiser of dharma, according to śāstra, with madhuparka, honoured, the king of dharma.)

Having observed him, the righteous king honoured the dharma-practising guest who had arrived, with madhuparka, according to the śāstra. (3-49-30)

आश्वस्तं चैनमासीनमुपासीनो युधिष्ठिरः। अभिप्रेक्ष्य महाबाहुः कृपणं बह्वभाषत ॥३-४९-३१॥

āśvastaṃ ca enam āsīnam upāsīno yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। abhiprekṣya mahābāhuḥ kṛpaṇaṃ bahvabhāṣata ॥3-49-31॥

[आश्वस्तम् (āśvastam) - reassured; च (ca) - and; एनम् (enam) - him; आसीनम् (āsīnam) - seated; उपासीनः (upāsīnaḥ) - approaching; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having looked at; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed; कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserable; बहु (bahu) - much; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]

(Reassured and him seated, approaching Yudhishthira, having looked at the mighty-armed (one), miserable, spoke much.)

Seeing him reassured and seated, Yudhishthira, the mighty-armed, approached and, observing his misery, spoke at length. (3-49-31)

अक्षद्यूतेन भगवन्धनं राज्यं च मे हृतम्। आहूय निकृतिप्रज्ञैः कितवैरक्षकोविदैः ॥३-४९-३२॥

akṣadyūtena bhagavan dhanaṃ rājyaṃ ca me hṛtam। āhūya nikṛtiprajñaiḥ kitavair akṣakovidaiḥ ॥3-49-32॥

[अक्षद्यूतेन (akṣadyūtena) - by the dice-game; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one; धनं (dhanaṃ) - wealth; राज्यं (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; हृतम् (hṛtam) - taken away; आहूय (āhūya) - having been summoned; निकृति-प्रज्ञैः (nikṛtiprajñaiḥ) - by those skilled in deceit; कितवैः (kitavaiḥ) - by gamblers; अक्ष-कोविदैः (akṣakovidaiḥ) - by those expert in dice;]

(By the dice-game, O revered one, my wealth and kingdom have been taken away; having been summoned by those skilled in deceit, by gamblers, by those expert in dice.)

O revered one, my wealth and kingdom have been taken from me in the dice-game, after I was summoned by deceitful, cunning gamblers who are experts in dice. (3-49-32)

अनक्षज्ञस्य हि सतो निकृत्या पापनिश्चयैः। भार्या च मे सभां नीता प्राणेभ्योऽपि गरीयसी ॥३-४९-३३॥

anakṣajñasya hi sato nikṛtyā pāpaniścayaiḥ। bhāryā ca me sabhāṃ nītā prāṇebhyo'pi garīyasī ॥3-49-33॥

[अनक्षज्ञस्य (anakṣajñasya) - of one ignorant of dice; हि (hi) - indeed; सतः (sataḥ) - of the good; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; पापनिश्चयैः (pāpaniścayaiḥ) - by those intent on evil; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly; नीता (nītā) - led; प्राणेभ्यः (prāṇebhyaḥ) - than life; अपि (api) - even; गरीयसी (garīyasī) - more precious;]

(Of one ignorant of dice indeed, of the good, by deceit, by those intent on evil, my wife also was led to the assembly, even more precious than life.)

Indeed, by the deceit of those intent on evil, my wife, who is more precious to me than life itself, was led into the assembly, though I was ignorant of dice. (3-49-33)

अस्ति राजा मया कश्चिदल्पभाग्यतरो भुवि। भवता दृष्टपूर्वो वा श्रुतपूर्वोऽपि वा भवेत् ॥ न मत्तो दुःखिततरः पुमानस्तीति मे मतिः ॥३-४९-३४॥

asti rājā mayā kaścid alpabhāgyataro bhuvi। bhavatā dṛṣṭapūrvo vā śrutapūrvo'pi vā bhavet ॥ na matto duḥkhitataraḥ pumān asti iti me matiḥ ॥3-49-34॥

[अस्ति (asti) - there is; राजा (rājā) - king; मया (mayā) - by me; कश्चित् (kaścit) - some; अल्पभाग्यतरः (alpabhāgyataraḥ) - of lesser fortune; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; दृष्टपूर्वः (dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ) - seen before; वा (vā) - or; श्रुतपूर्वः (śrutapūrvaḥ) - heard before; अपि (api) - even; वा (vā) - or; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; न (na) - not; मत्तः (mattaḥ) - than me; दुःखिततरः (duḥkhitataraḥ) - more sorrowful; पुमान् (pumān) - man; अस्ति (asti) - is; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; मतिः (matiḥ) - thought;]

(There is a king by me, some of lesser fortune on earth; by you seen before or heard before even or may be. Not than me more sorrowful man is thus my thought.)

There is, as far as I know, a king of lesser fortune on earth; perhaps you have seen or heard of such a one. But I think there is no man more sorrowful than myself. (3-49-34)

बृहदश्व उवाच॥

bṛhadaśva uvāca॥

[बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva; (a proper name; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Bṛhadaśva said;)

Bṛhadaśva said.

यद्ब्रवीषि महाराज न मत्तो विद्यते क्वचित्। अल्पभाग्यतरः कश्चित्पुमानस्तीति पाण्डव ॥३-४९-३५॥

yadbravīṣi mahārāja na matto vidyate kvacit। alpabhāgyataraḥ kaścit pumān astīti pāṇḍava ॥3-49-35॥

[यत् (yat) - which; ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; न (na) - not; मत्तः (mattaḥ) - than me; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere; अल्पभाग्यतरः (alpabhāgyataraḥ) - less fortunate; कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; पुमान् (pumān) - man; अस्ति (asti) - is; इति (iti) - thus; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava;]

(Which you say, O great king, not than me exists anywhere less fortunate someone man is thus, O Pāṇḍava.)

O Pāṇḍava, what you say, O great king, that there is no man anywhere less fortunate than me, is so. (3-49-35)

अत्र ते कथयिष्यामि यदि शुश्रूषसेऽनघ। यस्त्वत्तो दुःखिततरो राजासीत्पृथिवीपते ॥३-४९-३६॥

atra te kathayiṣyāmi yadi śuśrūṣase'nagha। yastvatto duḥkhitataro rājāsītpṛthivīpate ॥3-49-36॥

[अत्र (atra) - here; ते (te) - to you; कथयिष्यामि (kathayiṣyāmi) - I shall tell; यदि (yadi) - if; शुश्रूषसे (śuśrūṣase) - you are willing to listen; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; यः (yaḥ) - who; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - than you; दुःखिततरः (duḥkhitatarah) - more afflicted by sorrow; राजा (rājā) - king; असीत् (āsīt) - there was; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth;]

(Here to you I shall tell, if you are willing to listen, O sinless one; who than you more afflicted by sorrow king there was, O lord of the earth.)

Here I shall tell you, O sinless one, if you are willing to listen, about a king who was more afflicted by sorrow than you, O lord of the earth. (3-49-36)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

अथैनमब्रवीद्राजा ब्रवीतु भगवानिति। इमामवस्थां सम्प्राप्तं श्रोतुमिच्छामि पार्थिवम् ॥३-४९-३७॥

athainamabravīdrājā bravītu bhagavāniti. imāmavasthāṃ samprāptaṃ śrotumicchāmi pārthivam ॥3-49-37॥

[अथ (atha) - then; एनम् (enam) - him; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; राजा (rājā) - king; ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - let (him) speak; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the revered one; इति (iti) - thus; इमाम् (imām) - this; अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state; सम्प्राप्तम् (samprāptam) - attained; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - O king;]

(Then him said king, let the revered one speak thus. This state attained, to hear I wish, O king. (3-49-37))

Then the king said to him, "Let the revered one speak." O king, I wish to hear about this state that has been attained. (3-49-37)

बृहदश्व उवाच॥

bṛhadaśva uvāca॥

[बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva; (a sage's name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Bṛhadaśva said;)

Bṛhadaśva said.

शृणु राजन्नवहितः सह भ्रातृभिरच्युत। यस्त्वत्तो दुःखिततरो राजासीत्पृथिवीपते ॥३-४९-३८॥

śṛṇu rājannavahitaḥ saha bhrātṛbhiracyuta। yastvatto duḥkhitataro rājāsītpṛthivīpate ॥3-49-38॥

[शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; राजन् (rājan) - O king; अवहितः (avahitaḥ) - attentively; सह (saha) - together with; भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with brothers; अच्युत (acyuta) - O infallible one; यः (yaḥ) - who; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - than you; दुःखिततरः (duḥkhitatarah) - more afflicted; राजा (rājā) - king; असीत् (āsīt) - was; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth;]

(Hear, O king, attentively, together with (your) brothers, O Acyuta. Who than you more afflicted king was, O lord of the earth.)

O king, listen attentively along with your brothers, O Acyuta. There was no king on earth more afflicted than you, O lord of the earth. (3-49-38)

निषधेषु महीपालो वीरसेन इति स्म ह। तस्य पुत्रोऽभवन्नाम्ना नलो धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् ॥३-४९-३९॥

niṣadheṣu mahīpālo vīrasena iti sma ha। tasya putro'bhavannāmnā nalo dharmārthadarśivān ॥3-49-39॥

[निषधेषु (niṣadheṣu) - among the Niṣadhas; महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king; (protector of earth); वीरसेन (vīrasena) - Vīrasena; (proper name); इति (iti) - thus; (so called); स्म (sma) - indeed; (verily); ह (ha) - certainly; (emphatic particle); तस्य (tasya) - his; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; (was); नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name; नलः (nalaḥ) - Nala; (proper name); धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् (dharmārthadarśivān) - one who perceives (knows) dharma and artha;]

(Among the Niṣadhas, the king (named) Vīrasena, thus indeed certainly. His son was by name Nala, one who perceives dharma and artha. (3-49-39))

Among the Niṣadhas, there was a king named Vīrasena. His son, known as Nala, was one who understood dharma and artha. (3-49-39)

स निकृत्या जितो राजा पुष्करेणेति नः श्रुतम्। वनवासमदुःखार्हो भार्यया न्यवसत्सह ॥३-४९-४०॥

sa nikṛtyā jito rājā puṣkareṇeti naḥ śrutam। vanavāsamaduḥkhārho bhāryayā nyavasatsaha ॥3-49-40॥

[स (sa) - he; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; जितः (jitaḥ) - defeated; राजा (rājā) - king; पुष्करेण (puṣkareṇa) - by Puṣkara; इति (iti) - thus; नः (naḥ) - to us; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard; वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest-dwelling; अदुःखार्हः (aduḥkhārhaḥ) - not deserving of suffering; भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with wife; न्यवसत् (nyavasat) - dwelt; सह (saha) - together;]

(He by deceit defeated king by Puṣkara thus to us heard. Forest-dwelling not deserving of suffering with wife dwelt together.)

We have heard that the king, though not deserving of suffering, was defeated by Puṣkara through deceit and dwelt together with his wife in the forest. (3-49-40)

न तस्याश्वो न च रथो न भ्राता न च बान्धवाः। वने निवसतो राजञ्शिष्यन्ते स्म कदाचन ॥३-४९-४१॥

na tasyāśvo na ca ratho na bhrātā na ca bāndhavāḥ। vane nivasato rājañśiṣyante sma kadācana ॥3-49-41॥

[न (na) - not; तस्य (tasya) - his; अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot; न (na) - not; भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives; वने (vane) - in the forest; निवसतः (nivasataḥ) - dwelling; राजन् (rājan) - O king; शिष्यन्ते (śiṣyante) - remained; स्म (sma) - indeed; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time;]

(Not his horse, not and chariot, not brother, not and relatives; in the forest dwelling O king, remained indeed at any time.)

O king, while dwelling in the forest, he never had a horse, nor a chariot, nor a brother, nor any relatives with him at any time. (3-49-41)

भवान्हि संवृतो वीरैर्भ्रातृभिर्देवसंमितैः। ब्रह्मकल्पैर्द्विजाग्र्यैश्च तस्मान्नार्हसि शोचितुम् ॥३-४९-४२॥

bhavān hi saṁvṛto vīrair bhrātṛbhir deva-saṁmitaiḥ। brahma-kalpaiḥ dvijāgryaiś ca tasmān nārhasi śocitum ॥3-49-42॥

[भवान् (bhavān) - you; (honorific); हि (hi) - indeed; संवृतः (saṁvṛtaḥ) - surrounded; वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes; भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers; देवसंमितैः (deva-saṁmitaiḥ) - equal to gods; ब्रह्मकल्पैः (brahma-kalpaiḥ) - like Brahmā; द्विजाग्र्यैः (dvijāgryaiḥ) - by foremost twice-born; च (ca) - and; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; न (na) - not; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve;]

(You indeed surrounded by heroes, by brothers equal to gods, like Brahmā, by foremost twice-born and therefore not you ought to grieve.)

You are indeed surrounded by heroes—your brothers, who are equal to gods, like Brahmā, and by the foremost of the twice-born; therefore, you should not grieve. (3-49-42)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

विस्तरेणाहमिच्छामि नलस्य सुमहात्मनः। चरितं वदतां श्रेष्ठ तन्ममाख्यातुमर्हसि ॥३-४९-४३॥

vistareṇāhamicchāmi nalasya sumahātmanaḥ। caritaṃ vadatāṃ śreṣṭha tanmamākhyātumarhasi ॥3-49-43॥

[विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; अहम् (aham) - I; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - desire; नलस्य (nalasya) - of Nala; सुमहात्मनः (sumahātmanaḥ) - of the very great-souled; चरितम् (caritam) - deed; वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers; श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - best; तत् (tat) - that; मम (mama) - to me; आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to relate; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought;]

(In detail I desire of Nala of the very great-souled deed of speakers best that to me to relate you ought.)

O best of speakers, I wish that you would relate to me in detail the deeds of the very great-souled Nala. (3-49-43)