03.148
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
Vaiśampāyana said.
एवमुक्तो महाबाहुर्भीमसेनः प्रतापवान्। प्रणिपत्य ततः प्रीत्या भ्रातरं हृष्टमानसः ॥ उवाच श्लक्ष्णया वाचा हनूमन्तं कपीश्वरम् ॥०३-१४८-१॥
After being thus addressed, the mighty-armed and illustrious Bhīmasena bowed down with affection to his brother, his mind delighted, and then spoke gently to Hanuman, the lord of the monkeys. (03-148-1)
मया धन्यतरो नास्ति यदार्यं दृष्टवानहम्। अनुग्रहो मे सुमहांस्तृप्तिश्च तव दर्शनात् ॥०३-१४८-२॥
There is none more fortunate than I, for I have seen you, O noble one. I have received very great favor and satisfaction from seeing you. (03-148-2)
एवं तु कृतमिच्छामि त्वयार्याद्य प्रियं मम। यत्ते तदासीत्प्लवतः सागरं मकरालयम् ॥ रूपमप्रतिमं वीर तदिच्छामि निरीक्षितुम् ॥०३-१४८-३॥
Thus, O noble one, I wish you would now do what is most dear to me. That form of yours which existed when you leaped over the ocean, the abode of makaras, O hero—that incomparable form I wish to behold. (03-148-3)
एवं तुष्टो भविष्यामि श्रद्धास्यामि च ते वचः। एवमुक्तः स तेजस्वी प्रहस्य हरिरब्रवीत् ॥०३-१४८-४॥
"Thus I shall be pleased and shall have faith in your words." Thus addressed, the radiant Hari laughed and said. (03-148-4)
न तच्छक्यं त्वया द्रष्टुं रूपं नान्येन केनचित्। कालावस्था तदा ह्यन्या वर्तते सा न साम्प्रतम् ॥०३-१४८-५॥
That form is not possible for you to see, nor for anyone else. For at that time, a different state prevails; that is not the present (now). (03-148-5)
अन्यः कृतयुगे कालस्त्रेतायां द्वापरेऽपरः। अयं प्रध्वंसनः कालो नाद्य तद्रूपमस्ति मे ॥०३-१४८-६॥
There was a different age in the Kṛta Yuga, another in the Tretā Yuga, and another in the Dvāpara; now, this is the time of destruction—my form is not as it was then. (03-148-6)
भूमिर्नद्यो नगाः शैलाः सिद्धा देवा महर्षयः। कालं समनुवर्तन्ते यथा भावा युगे युगे ॥ बलवर्ष्मप्रभावा हि प्रहीयन्त्युद्भवन्ति च ॥०३-१४८-७॥
Earth, rivers, mountains, rocks, perfected beings, gods, and great sages all follow time, just as all things do in every age; indeed, strength, bodies, and powers diminish and arise. (03-148-7)
तदलं तव तद्रूपं द्रष्टुं कुरुकुलोद्वह। युगं समनुवर्तामि कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः ॥०३-१४८-८॥
Therefore, enough of you beholding that form, O best of the Kurus. I follow the age; for time is indeed difficult to overcome. (3-148-8)
भीम उवाच॥
Bhīma said.
युगसङ्ख्यां समाचक्ष्व आचारं च युगे युगे। धर्मकामार्थभावांश्च वर्ष्म वीर्यं भवाभवौ ॥०३-१४८-९॥
Tell me the number of yugas, the conduct appropriate to each yuga, the aspects of dharma, kāma, and artha, as well as the body, energy, and existence and non-existence. (03-148-9)
हनूमानुवाच॥
Hanuman said.
कृतं नाम युगं तात यत्र धर्मः सनातनः। कृतमेव न कर्तव्यं तस्मिन्काले युगोत्तमे ॥०३-१४८-१०॥
The age known as Kṛta, dear one, is when Dharma is eternal; in that supreme age, what has been done alone should not be done again. (03-148-10)
न तत्र धर्माः सीदन्ति न क्षीयन्ते च वै प्रजाः। ततः कृतयुगं नाम कालेन गुणतां गतम् ॥०३-१४८-११॥
There, dharmas do not decline nor do creatures diminish; therefore, that period is called Kṛta Yuga, having attained a state of excellence by time. (03-148-11)
देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षराक्षसपन्नगाः। नासन्कृतयुगे तात तदा न क्रयविक्रयाः ॥०३-१४८-१२॥
Gods, demons, gandharvas, yakṣas, rākṣasas, and serpents — in the Kṛta yuga, O dear one, buying and selling did not exist at that time. (03-148-12)
न सामयजुऋग्वर्णाः क्रिया नासीच्च मानवी। अभिध्याय फलं तत्र धर्मः संन्यास एव च ॥०३-१४८-१३॥
There were neither reciters of Sāma, Yajur, and Ṛg Vedas nor ritual actions nor human activities. There, the fruit was attained through contemplation; righteousness and renunciation alone prevailed. (03-148-13)
न तस्मिन्युगसंसर्गे व्याधयो नेन्द्रियक्षयः। नासूया नापि रुदितं न दर्पो नापि पैशुनम् ॥०३-१४८-१४॥
At that junction of the ages, there were no diseases, no decline of the senses, no envy, no weeping, no arrogance, and no malice. (03-148-14)
न विग्रहः कुतस्तन्द्री न द्वेषो नापि वैकृतम्। न भयं न च सन्तापो न चेर्ष्या न च मत्सरः ॥०३-१४८-१५॥
There is no conflict; from where could there be sloth? There is no hatred, nor any distortion. There is no fear, nor affliction, nor jealousy, nor envy. (03-148-15)
ततः परमकं ब्रह्म या गतिर्योगिनां परा। आत्मा च सर्वभूतानां शुक्लो नारायणस्तदा ॥०३-१४८-१६॥
Then, the supreme Brahman, which is the highest goal of yogins—the pure Nārāyaṇa, the Self of all beings—manifested at that time. (03-148-16)
ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्च कृतलक्षणाः। कृते युगे समभवन्स्वकर्मनिरताः प्रजाः ॥०३-१४८-१७॥
In the Kṛta Yuga, brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas, and śūdras, marked by the qualities of that age, were all born as people devoted to their own respective duties. (03-148-17)
समाश्रमं समाचारं समज्ञानमतीबलम्। तदा हि समकर्माणो वर्णा धर्मानवाप्नुवन् ॥०३-१४८-१८॥
At that time, when everyone belonged to the same order of life, had the same conduct, knowledge, and great strength, the castes, all performing the same actions, attained their duties. (03-148-18)
एकवेदसमायुक्ता एकमन्त्रविधिक्रियाः। पृथग्धर्मास्त्वेकवेदा धर्ममेकमनुव्रताः ॥०३-१४८-१९॥
Those endowed with one Veda have only one mantra, ritual, and action; but those who possess only one Veda (their) duties are distinct, following only one (specific) duty. (03-148-19)
चातुराश्रम्ययुक्तेन कर्मणा कालयोगिना। अकामफलसंयोगात्प्राप्नुवन्ति परां गतिम् ॥०३-१४८-२०॥
By action performed with observance of the four āśramas, at the proper time, and without attachment to the desired fruit, they attain the highest state. (03-148-20)
आत्मयोगसमायुक्तो धर्मोऽयं कृतलक्षणः। कृते युगे चतुष्पादश्चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य शाश्वतः ॥०३-१४८-२१॥
This dharma, endowed with self-union and marked by the Kṛta age, is eternally established with its fourfold foundation in the Kṛta Yuga for the four varṇas. (03-148-21)
एतत्कृतयुगं नाम त्रैगुण्यपरिवर्जितम्। त्रेतामपि निबोध त्वं यस्मिन्सत्रं प्रवर्तते ॥०३-१४८-२२॥
This is called the Kṛta Yuga, free from the three guṇas. Know also the Tretā Yuga, in which the sacrificial ritual is performed. (03-148-22)
पादेन ह्रसते धर्मो रक्ततां याति चाच्युतः। सत्यप्रवृत्ताश्च नराः क्रियाधर्मपरायणाः ॥०३-१४८-२३॥
Dharma decreases by a quarter, Acyuta (Vishnu) becomes tinged with redness, and people remain steadfast in practicing truth and performing their duties. (03-148-23)
ततो यज्ञाः प्रवर्तन्ते धर्माश्च विविधाः क्रियाः। त्रेतायां भावसङ्कल्पाः क्रियादानफलोदयाः ॥०३-१४८-२४॥
From then sacrifices began, as well as duties and various rituals. In the Tretā Yuga, mental resolutions, actions, gifts, and the arising of their results came into being. (03-148-24)
प्रचलन्ति न वै धर्मात्तपोदानपरायणाः। स्वधर्मस्थाः क्रियावन्तो जनास्त्रेतायुगेऽभवन् ॥०३-१४८-२५॥
People devoted to austerity and gifts, firmly established in their own dharma and engaged in actions, did not stray from dharma; such people existed in the Tretā Yuga. (03-148-25)
द्वापरेऽपि युगे धर्मो द्विभागोनः प्रवर्तते। विष्णुर्वै पीततां याति चतुर्धा वेद एव च ॥०३-१४८-२६॥
In the Dvāpara age as well, righteousness prevails in two parts. Viṣṇu assumes a yellow hue, and the Veda becomes fourfold. (03-148-26)
ततोऽन्ये च चतुर्वेदास्त्रिवेदाश्च तथापरे। द्विवेदाश्चैकवेदाश्चाप्यनृचश्च तथापरे ॥०३-१४८-२७॥
Thereafter, there were others—the knowers of the four Vedas, the knowers of the three Vedas, likewise others; the knowers of two Vedas, the knowers of one Veda, and also those not versed in hymns, and still others. (03-148-27)
एवं शास्त्रेषु भिन्नेषु बहुधा नीयते क्रिया। तपोदानप्रवृत्ता च राजसी भवति प्रजा ॥०३-१४८-२८॥
Thus, in the various differing scriptures, action is directed in many ways. The people engaged in penance and gifts also become rajasic in nature. (03-148-28)
एकवेदस्य चाज्ञानाद्वेदास्ते बहवः कृताः। सत्यस्य चेह विभ्रंशात्सत्ये कश्चिदवस्थितः ॥०३-१४८-२९॥
From ignorance regarding the one Veda, many Vedas were made. With the loss of truth here, only someone abides in truth. (03-148-29)
सत्यात्प्रच्यवमानानां व्याधयो बहवोऽभवन्। कामाश्चोपद्रवाश्चैव तदा दैवतकारिताः ॥०३-१४८-३०॥
For those who fell away from truth, many diseases arose. Desires and afflictions, too, then were caused by the deities. (03-148-30)
यैरर्द्यमानाः सुभृशं तपस्तप्यन्ति मानवाः। कामकामाः स्वर्गकामा यज्ञांस्तन्वन्ति चापरे ॥०३-१४८-३१॥
Those by whom, being greatly afflicted, humans perform severe austerities, and others, desiring desires or heaven, perform sacrifices. (03-148-31)
एवं द्वापरमासाद्य प्रजाः क्षीयन्त्यधर्मतः। पादेनैकेन कौन्तेय धर्मः कलियुगे स्थितः ॥०३-१४८-३२॥
Thus, on reaching the Dvāpara age, people decline due to unrighteousness. O son of Kuntī, in the Kali era, righteousness stands on only one foot. (03-148-32)
तामसं युगमासाद्य कृष्णो भवति केशवः। वेदाचाराः प्रशाम्यन्ति धर्मयज्ञक्रियास्तथा ॥०३-१४८-३३॥
When the age of darkness arrives, Keśava takes the form of Kṛṣṇa; Vedic conduct and the practices of dharma and sacrifice decline also. (03-148-33)
ईतयो व्याधयस्तन्द्री दोषाः क्रोधादयस्तथा। उपद्रवाश्च वर्तन्ते आधयो व्याधयस्तथा ॥०३-१४८-३४॥
Distresses, diseases, sloth, faults, anger and the like also occur, as well as disturbances, afflictions, and diseases. (03-148-34)
युगेष्वावर्तमानेषु धर्मो व्यावर्तते पुनः। धर्मे व्यावर्तमाने तु लोको व्यावर्तते पुनः ॥०३-१४८-३५॥
As the ages revolve, dharma declines again and again. But when dharma declines, the world, too, withdraws again. (03-148-35)
लोके क्षीणे क्षयं यान्ति भावा लोकप्रवर्तकाः। युगक्षयकृता धर्माः प्रार्थनानि विकुर्वते ॥०३-१४८-३६॥
When the world declines, the qualities that sustain it are destroyed. The righteous codes created at the end of an age distort requests. (03-148-36)
एतत्कलियुगं नाम अचिराद्यत्प्रवर्तते। युगानुवर्तनं त्वेतत्कुर्वन्ति चिरजीविनः ॥०३-१४८-३७॥
This age named Kali-yuga, which will commence shortly; the long-lived beings perform the succession of the yugas. (3-148-37)
यच्च ते मत्परिज्ञाने कौतूहलमरिंदम। अनर्थकेषु को भावः पुरुषस्य विजानतः ॥०३-१४८-३८॥
O subduer of enemies, that eagerness of yours for understanding me—what significance does unfavorable things hold for a person of knowledge? (03-148-38)
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि। युगसङ्ख्यां महाबाहो स्वस्ति प्राप्नुहि गम्यताम् ॥०३-१४८-३९॥
All this which you asked me about has been told to you; the number of yugas, O mighty-armed one. Be well, attain welfare, now go. (03-148-39)
