03.183
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (a proper noun; name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (3rd person singular, perfect tense);]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
भूय एव तु माहात्म्यं ब्राह्मणानां निबोध मे। वैन्यो नामेह राजर्षिरश्वमेधाय दीक्षितः ॥ तमत्रिर्गन्तुमारेभे वित्तार्थमिति नः श्रुतम् ॥०३-१८३-१॥
bhūya eva tu māhātmyaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ nibodha me। vainyo nāmeha rājarṣir aśvamedhāya dīkṣitaḥ ॥ tamatir gantum ārebhe vittārtham iti naḥ śrutam ॥03-183-1॥
[भूय (bhūya) - again; एव (eva) - indeed; तु (tu) - but; माहात्म्यं (māhātmyaṃ) - greatness; ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānāṃ) - of the Brāhmaṇas; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; मे (me) - from me; वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya; नाम (nāma) - named; इह (iha) - here; राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage; अश्वमेधाय (aśvamedhāya) - for the horse-sacrifice; दीक्षितः (dīkṣitaḥ) - consecrated; तम् (tam) - him; अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri; गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go; आरेभे (ārebhe) - began; वित्तार्थम् (vittārtham) - for the sake of wealth; इति (iti) - thus; नः (naḥ) - by us; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard;]
(Again indeed but greatness of the Brāhmaṇas understand from me. Vainya named here royal sage for the horse-sacrifice consecrated. Him Atri to go began for the sake of wealth—thus by us heard.)
But now again, listen from me to the greatness of the Brāhmaṇas. Here, a royal sage named Vainya was consecrated for the horse-sacrifice. Atri began to go to him for the sake of wealth—thus we have heard. (03-183-1)
भूयोऽथ नानुरुध्यत्स धर्मव्यक्तिनिदर्शनात्। सञ्चिन्त्य स महातेजा वनमेवान्वरोचयत् ॥ धर्मपत्नीं समाहूय पुत्रांश्चेदमुवाच ह ॥०३-१८३-२॥
bhūyo’tha nānurudhyatsa dharmavyaktinidarśanāt. sañcintya sa mahātejā vanamevānavarocayata. dharmapatnīṃ samāhūya putrāṃścedamuvāca ha ॥03-183-2॥
[भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; अथ (atha) - then; न (na) - not; अनुरुध्यत् (anurudhyat) - he did not desire; सः (saḥ) - he; धर्मव्यक्ति (dharmavyakti) - manifestation of dharma; निदर्शनात् (nidarśanāt) - on account of the demonstration; सञ्चिन्त्य (sañcintya) - having deliberated; सः (saḥ) - he; महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great energy; वनम् (vanam) - forest; एव (eva) - indeed; अन्वरोचयत् (anvarocayat) - he preferred; धर्मपत्नीम् (dharmapatnīm) - lawful wife; समाहूय (samāhūya) - having called together; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; च (ca) - and; इदम् (idam) - this; उवाच (uvāca) - said; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(Again then, he did not desire on account of the demonstration of manifestation of dharma. Having deliberated, he of great energy indeed preferred the forest. Having called together (his) lawful wife and sons, he indeed said this.)
Then again, not wishing (to act) because of the clarity of righteousness, and having thought deeply, the powerful one chose the forest alone. Calling his lawful wife and sons, he spoke this. (03-183-2)
प्राप्स्यामः फलमत्यन्तं बहुलं निरुपद्रवम्। अरण्यगमनं क्षिप्रं रोचतां वो गुणाधिकम् ॥०३-१८३-३॥
prāpsyāmaḥ phalam atyantaṁ bahulaṁ nirupadravam। araṇyagamanaṁ kṣipraṁ rocatāṁ vo guṇādhikam ॥03-183-3॥
[प्राप्स्यामः (prāpsyāmaḥ) - we shall obtain; फलम् (phalam) - fruit (result); अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extremely; बहुलम् (bahulam) - abundant; निरुपद्रवम् (nirupadravam) - free from trouble; अरण्यगमनम् (araṇyagamanam) - going to the forest; क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly; रोचताम् (rocatām) - let (it) be agreeable; वः (vaḥ) - to you; गुणाधिकम् (guṇādhikam) - superior in qualities;]
(We shall obtain fruit extremely abundant, free from trouble. Going to the forest quickly let it be agreeable to you, superior in qualities.)
We shall obtain extremely abundant, trouble-free results. May quick departure to the forest, which is superior in qualities, be agreeable to you. (03-183-3)
तं भार्या प्रत्युवाचेदं धर्ममेवानुरुध्यती। वैन्यं गत्वा महात्मानमर्थयस्व धनं बहु ॥ स ते दास्यति राजर्षिर्यजमानोऽर्थине धनम् ॥०३-१८३-४॥
taṁ bhāryā pratyuvācedaṁ dharmamevānurudhyatī. vainyaṁ gatvā mahātmānamarthayasva dhanaṁ bahu ॥ sa te dāsyati rājarṣiryajamāno' rthine dhanam ॥03-183-4॥
[तं (taṁ) - him; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; इदं (idaṁ) - this; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; एव (eva) - indeed; अनुरुध्यती (anurudhyatī) - following; वैन्यं (vainyaṁ) - Vainya (the king); गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - great-souled one; अर्थयस्व (arthayasva) - request; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; बहु (bahu) - much; स (sa) - he; ते (te) - to you; दास्यति (dāsyati) - will give; राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage; यजमानः (yajamānaḥ) - one who performs sacrifice; अर्थिने (arthine) - to the supplicant; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth;]
(Him wife replied this righteousness indeed following. Vainya having gone to great-souled one request wealth much. He to you will give royal sage sacrificer to the supplicant wealth.)
His wife answered, "Following only righteousness, go to the great-souled Vainya and request much wealth. That royal sage and sacrificer will give you wealth as a supplicant." (03-183-4)
तत आदाय विप्रर्षे प्रतिगृह्य धनं बहु। भृत्यान्सुतान्संविभज्य ततो व्रज यथेप्सितम् ॥ एष वै परमो धर्मो धर्मविद्भिरुदाहृतः ॥०३-१८३-५॥
tat ādāya viprarṣe pratigṛhya dhanaṃ bahu। bhṛtyān sutān saṃvibhajya tato vraja yathepsitam ॥ eṣa vai paramo dharmo dharmavidbhir udāhṛtaḥ ॥03-183-5॥
[तत (tat) - that; आदाय (ādāya) - having taken; विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O best among Brāhmaṇas; प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received; धनं (dhanam) - wealth; बहु (bahu) - much; भृत्यान् (bhṛtyān) - servants; सुतान् (sutān) - sons; संविभज्य (saṃvibhajya) - having divided; ततः (tataḥ) - then; व्रज (vraja) - go; यथेप्सितम् (yathepsitam) - as desired; एष (eṣa) - this; वै (vai) - indeed; परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; धर्मवित्-भिः (dharmavidbhiḥ) - by those who know dharma; उदाहृतः (udāhṛtaḥ) - is declared;]
(That having taken, O best among Brāhmaṇas, having received much wealth, having divided among servants and sons, then go as desired. This indeed (is) the supreme duty as declared by those who know dharma. (03-183-5))
O best among Brāhmaṇas, after taking that and receiving much wealth, divide it among your servants and sons, then go wherever you wish. This, indeed, is declared to be the highest duty by those who know dharma. (03-183-5)
अत्रिरुवाच॥
atriruvāca॥
[अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (proper noun, name of a sage); ऊवाच (ūvāca) - said;]
(Atri said;)
Atri said.
कथितो मे महाभागे गौतमेन महात्मना। वैन्यो धर्मार्थसंयुक्तः सत्यव्रतसमन्वितः ॥०३-१८३-६॥
kathito me mahābhāge gautamena mahātmanā। vainyo dharmārthasaṃyuktaḥ satyavratasamanvitaḥ॥03-183-6॥
[कथितः (kathitaḥ) - spoken; described; मे (me) - to me; महाभागे (mahābhāge) - O greatly fortunate one; गौतमेन (gautamena) - by Gautama; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one; वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya (proper noun); धर्मार्थसंयुक्तः (dharmārthasaṃyuktaḥ) - joined with dharma and artha; सत्यव्रतसमन्वितः (satyavratasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with true vows;]
(Spoken to me, O greatly fortunate one, by Gautama, the great-souled; Vainya, joined with dharma and artha, endowed with true vows.)
O most fortunate one, Vainya, joined with righteousness and wealth, and endowed with true vows, was described to me by the great-souled Gautama. (03-183-6)
किं त्वस्ति तत्र द्वेष्टारो निवसन्ति हि मे द्विजाः। यथा मे गौतमः प्राह ततो न व्यवसाम्यहम् ॥०३-१८३-७॥
kiṁ tv asti tatra dveṣṭāro nivasanti hi me dvijāḥ। yathā me gautamaḥ prāha tato na vyavasāmy aham ॥03-183-7॥
[किं (kiṁ) - what; त्व (tva) - indeed; अस्ति (asti) - is; तत्र (tatra) - there; द्वेष्टारः (dveṣṭāraḥ) - enemies; निवसन्ति (nivasanti) - dwell; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - my; द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; यथा (yathā) - as; मे (me) - my; गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama; प्राह (prāha) - said; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; न (na) - not; व्यवसामि (vyavasāmi) - I determine; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(What indeed is there? Enemies dwell indeed, my brāhmaṇas. As my Gautama said, therefore not I determine.)
What is there? Enemies indeed dwell, O brāhmaṇas of mine. As my Gautama said, therefore I do not decide. (03-183-7)
तत्र स्म वाचं कल्याणीं धर्मकामार्थसंहिताम्। मयोक्तामन्यथा ब्रूयुस्ततस्ते वै निरर्थकाम् ॥०३-१८३-८॥
tatra sma vācaṃ kalyāṇīṃ dharmakāmārthasaṃhitām। mayoktām anyathā brūyus tatas te vai nirarthakām॥03-183-8॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; somewhere; in that case; स्म (sma) - indeed; verily; surely; वाचं (vācaṃ) - speech; word; statement; कल्याणीं (kalyāṇīṃ) - auspicious; noble; beneficial; धर्मकामार्थसंहिताम् (dharmakāmārthasaṃhitām) - joined with dharma, kāma, and artha; having righteousness, desire, and wealth; मया (mayā) - by me; उक्ताम् (uktām) - spoken; uttered; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; differently; ब्रूयुः (brūyuḥ) - they would say; might say; ततस् (tatas) - then; after that; ते (te) - they; वै (vai) - certainly; indeed; निरर्थकाम् (nirarthakām) - devoid of value or purpose; meaningless;]
(There indeed speech auspicious joined with dharma, kāma, and artha spoken by me, otherwise they would say, then they certainly devoid of purpose.)
There, if they were to state otherwise the auspicious speech joined with righteousness, desire, and wealth as spoken by me, then they would certainly be devoid of purpose. (03-183-8)
गमिष्यामि महाप्राज्ञे रोचते मे वचस्तव। गाश्च मे दास्यते वैन्यः प्रभूतं चार्थसञ्चयम् ॥०३-१८३-९॥
gamiṣyāmi mahāprājñe rocate me vacas tava। gāś ca me dāsyate vainyaḥ prabhūtaṃ ca arthasañcayam ॥03-183-9॥
[गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I shall go; महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O greatly wise one; रोचते (rocate) - pleases; मे (me) - to me; वचस्तव (vacas tava) - your words; गाः (gāḥ) - cows; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - to me; दास्यते (dāsyate) - will give; वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya (the son of Vena); प्रभूतम् (prabhūtam) - abundant; च (ca) - and; अर्थसञ्चयम् (arthasañcayam) - accumulation of wealth;]
(I shall go, O greatly wise one; your words please me. Vainya will give me cows and abundant accumulation of wealth.)
O greatly wise one, I will go; your words please me. Vainya will give me cows and abundant wealth. (03-183-9)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
एवमुक्त्वा जगामाशु वैन्ययज्ञं महातपाः। गत्वा च यज्ञायतनमत्रिस्तुष्टाव तं नृपम् ॥०३-१८३-१०॥
evam uktvā jagāmāśu vainyayajñaṃ mahātapāḥ. gatvā ca yajñāyatanam atris tuṣṭāva taṃ nṛpam ॥03-183-10॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; जगाम (jagāma) - he went; आशु (āśu) - quickly; वैन्ययज्ञं (vainya-yajñam) - the sacrifice of Vainya; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great ascetic; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; च (ca) - and; यज्ञायतनम् (yajñāyatanam) - sacrificial altar; अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri; तुष्टाव (tuṣṭāva) - praised; तं (tam) - him; नृपम् (nṛpam) - the king;]
(Thus having spoken, he (the great ascetic) quickly went to the Vainya sacrifice; and having gone to the sacrificial altar, Atri praised that king.)
Having thus spoken, the great ascetic quickly proceeded to the sacrifice of Vainya; and having reached the sacrificial altar, Atri praised the king. (03-183-10)
राजन्वैन्य त्वमीशश्च भुवि त्वं प्रथमो नृपः। स्तुवन्ति त्वां मुनिगणास्त्वदन्यो नास्ति धर्मवित् ॥०३-१८३-११॥
rājan-vainya tvam īśaś ca bhuvi tvaṃ prathamo nṛpaḥ। stuvanti tvāṃ munigaṇās tvad-anyo nāsti dharmavit॥03-183-11॥
[राजन् (rājan) - O king; वैव्य (vainya) - descendant of Vena; त्वम् (tvam) - you; ईशः (īśaḥ) - lord; च (ca) - and; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; त्वम् (tvam) - you; प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - foremost; first; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king; स्तुवन्ति (stuvanti) - praise; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; मुनिगणाः (munigaṇāḥ) - assemblies of sages; त्वत् (tvad) - other than you; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of dharma;]
(O king Vainya, you are the lord and on earth you, the foremost king; the assemblies of sages praise you; other than you, there does not exist another knower of dharma.)
O king Vainya, you are the lord and the foremost king on earth; assemblies of sages praise you. There is no other knower of dharma besides you. (03-183-11)
तमब्रवीदृषिस्तत्र वचः क्रुद्धो महातपाः। मैवमत्रे पुनर्ब्रूया न ते प्रज्ञा समाहिता ॥ अत्र नः प्रथमं स्थाता महेन्द्रो वै प्रजापतिः ॥०३-१८३-१२॥
tam abravīd ṛṣiḥ tatra vacaḥ kruddho mahātapāḥ। ma evam atre punar brūyā na te prajñā samāhitā॥ atra naḥ prathamaṃ sthātā mahendro vai prajāpatiḥ॥03-183-12॥
[तम् (tam) - him; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage; तत्र (tatra) - there; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - greatly austere (one); मा (mā) - do not; एवम् (evam) - thus; अत्रे (atre) - O Atri; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should say; न (na) - not; ते (te) - your; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - intelligence; समाहिताः (samāhitā) - concentrated; अत्र (atra) - here; नः (naḥ) - our; प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first; स्थाता (sthātā) - the established one; महेन्द्रः (mahendraḥ) - Mahendra (great Indra); वै (vai) - indeed; प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - lord of creatures (Prajapati);]
(Him said the sage there, words, angry, greatly austere. Do not thus, O Atri, again (you) should say; not your intelligence concentrated. Here our first established one is Mahendra indeed, Prajapati.)
The greatly austere sage, being angry, spoke these words to him there: "Do not speak thus again, O Atri; your mind is not properly settled. Here, among us, the first to be established is Mahendra, indeed the lord of creatures (Prajapati)." (03-183-12)
अथात्रिरपि राजेन्द्र गौतमं प्रत्यभाषत। अयमेव विधाता च यथैवेन्द्रः प्रजापतिः ॥ त्वमेव मुह्यसे मोहान्न प्रज्ञानं तवास्ति ह ॥०३-१८३-१३॥
athātrir api rājendra gautamaṃ pratyabhāṣata। ayam eva vidhātā ca yathaivendraḥ prajāpatiḥ॥ tvam eva muhyase mohān na prajñānaṃ tavāsti ha॥03-183-13॥
[अथ (atha) - then; अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri; अपि (api) - also; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; गौतमं (gautamam) - Gautama; प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - spoke to; अयम् (ayam) - this; एव (eva) - indeed; विधाता (vidhātā) - creator; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - just as; एव (eva) - indeed; इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajapati; त्वम् (tvam) - you; एव (eva) - indeed; मुह्यसे (muhyase) - are deluded; मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion; न (na) - not; प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - wisdom; तव (tava) - your; अस्ति (asti) - is; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(Then Atri also, O king, spoke to Gautama. This indeed is the Creator and just so Indra, Prajapati. You indeed are deluded from delusion; wisdom is not yours indeed. (03-183-13))
Then Atri also, O king, addressed Gautama, saying: "This is indeed the Creator, just as Indra and Prajapati. It is you alone who are deluded by ignorance; you truly have no wisdom." (03-183-13)
गौतम उवाच॥
gautama uvāca॥
[गौतम (gautama) - Gautama; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he) spoke;]
(Gautama said;)
Gautama said.
जानामि नाहं मुह्यामि त्वं विवक्षुर्विमुह्यसे। स्तोष्यसेऽभ्युदयप्रेप्सुस्तस्य दर्शनसंश्रयात् ॥०३-१८३-१४॥
jānāmi nāhaṃ muhyāmi tvaṃ vivakṣur vimuhyase. stoṣyase ’bhyudaya-prepsus tasya darśana-saṃśrayāt ॥03-183-14॥
[जानामि (jānāmi) - I know; न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; मुह्यामि (muhyāmi) - am bewildered; त्वम् (tvam) - you; विवक्षुः (vivakṣuḥ) - wishing to speak; विमुह्यसे (vimuhyase) - are confused; स्तोष्यसे (stoṣyase) - you will praise; अभ्युदयप्रेप्सुः (abhyudaya-prepsuḥ) - desiring success (prosperity); तस्य (tasya) - of him; दर्शनसंश्रयात् (darśana-saṃśrayāt) - by resort to his sight;]
(I know; not I am bewildered; you wishing to speak are confused; you will praise, desiring success, by resort to his sight.)
I know and I am not bewildered, but you, wishing to speak, are confused; you will praise him, desiring success, because of resorting to his presence. (03-183-14)
न वेत्थ परमं धर्मं न चावैषि प्रयोजनम्। बालस्त्वमसि मूढश्च वृद्धः केनापि हेतुना ॥०३-१८३-१५॥
na vettha paramaṃ dharmaṃ na cāvaiṣi prayojanam। bālastvamasi mūḍhaśca vṛddhaḥ kenāpi hetunā ॥03-183-15॥
[न (na) - not; वेत्थ (vettha) - you know; परमं (paramaṃ) - supreme; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - dharma; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अवैषि (avaiṣi) - you pursue; you attain; प्रयोजनम् (prayojanam) - purpose; बालः (bālaḥ) - child; त्वम् (tvam) - you; असि (asi) - are; मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - deluded; च (ca) - and; वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old; केनापि (kenāpi) - by some; हेतुना (hetunā) - cause;]
(Not you know the supreme dharma, not and you attain the purpose. A child you are, deluded and old by some cause.)
You neither know the supreme dharma nor do you attain its purpose. You are a child and a deluded old man for some cause. (03-183-15)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (a proper name; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
विवदन्तौ तथा तौ तु मुनीनां दर्शने स्थितौ। ये तस्य यज्ञे संवृत्तास्तेऽपृच्छन्त कथं त्विमौ ॥०३-१८३-१६॥
vivadantau tathā tau tu munīnāṃ darśane sthitau। ye tasya yajñe saṃvṛttās te'pṛcchanta kathaṃ tvimau॥03-183-16॥
[विवदन्तौ (vivadantau) - quarreling; debating;, तथा (tathā) - thus; in this manner;, तौ (tau) - those two;, तु (tu) - but; however;, मुनीनां (munīnāṃ) - of the sages;, दर्शने (darśane) - in the presence; to the sight;, स्थितौ (sthitau) - standing; remaining;, ये (ye) - who; those who;, तस्य (tasya) - of him; his;, यज्ञे (yajñe) - in the sacrifice;, संवृत्ताः (saṃvṛttāḥ) - gathered; assembled;, ते (te) - they;, अपृच्छन्त (apṛcchanta) - asked; inquired;, कथम् (katham) - how;, तु (tu) - but; however;, इमौ (imau) - these two;,;]
(Quarreling, thus those two but, of the sages, in the presence, standing; who, of him, in the sacrifice, assembled, they asked, how but these two.)
Those two, quarreling in this manner, stood before the sages; and those assembled at his sacrifice asked, 'But how are these two thus? (03-183-16)
प्रवेशः केन दत्तोऽयमनयोर्वैन्यसंसदि। उच्चैः समभिभाषन्तौ केन कार्येण विष्ठितौ ॥०३-१८३-१७॥
praveśaḥ kena datto'yanayor vainya-saṁsadi। uccaiḥ samabhibhāṣantau kena kāryeṇa viṣṭhitau॥03-183-17॥
[प्रवेशः (praveśaḥ) - entrance; केन (kena) - by whom; दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given; अयम् (ayam) - this; अनयोः (anayoh) - of these two; वैन्यसंसदि (vainyasaṁsadi) - in the assembly of Vainya; उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly; समभिभाषन्तौ (samabhibhāṣantau) - speaking together; केन (kena) - for what; कार्येण (kāryeṇa) - purpose; विष्ठितौ (viṣṭhitau) - standing;]
(Entrance by whom given this of these two in the Vainya's assembly? Loudly speaking together for what purpose standing?)
By whom was entrance given to these two in the assembly of Vainya? For what purpose are they standing here, loudly speaking together? (03-183-17)
ततः परमधर्मात्मा काश्यपः सर्वधर्मवित्। विवादिनावनुप्राप्तौ तावुभौ प्रत्यवेदयत् ॥०३-१८३-१८॥
tataḥ paramadharmātmā kāśyapaḥ sarvadharmavit. vivādināvanuprāptau tāvubhau pratyavedayat ॥03-183-18॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; परमधर्मात्मा (paramadharmātmā) - of supreme righteous soul; काश्यपः (kāśyapaḥ) - Kashyapa; सर्वधर्मवित् (sarvadharmavit) - knower of all dharmas; विवादिनावनुप्राप्तौ (vivādinau anuprāptau) - the two disputants having arrived; तौ (tau) - those two; उभौ (ubhau) - both; प्रत्यवेदयत् (pratyavedayat) - informed;]
(Then the supremely righteous-souled Kashyapa, knower of all dharmas, when the two disputants had arrived, informed both those two.)
Then the supremely righteous Kashyapa, who knew all dharma, informed both the disputants upon their arrival. (03-183-18)
अथाब्रवीत्सदस्यांस्तु गौतमो मुनिसत्तमान्। आवयोर्व्याहृतं प्रश्नं शृणुत द्विजपुङ्गवाः ॥ वैन्यो विधातेत्याहात्रिरत्र नः संशयो महान् ॥०३-१८३-१९॥
athābravītsadasyāṃstu gautamo munisattamān। āvayorvyāhṛtaṃ praśnaṃ śṛṇuta dvijapuṅgavāḥ॥ vainyo vidhātetyāhātriratra naḥ saṃśayo mahān॥03-183-19॥
[अथ (atha) - then; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; सदस्यान् (sadasyān) - members; तु (tu) - indeed; गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama; मुनिसत्तमान् (munisattamān) - best of sages; आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two; व्याहृतं (vyāhṛtam) - spoken; प्रश्नं (praśnam) - question; शृणुत (śṛṇuta) - hear; द्विजपुङ्गवाः (dvijapuṅgavāḥ) - best of twice-born; वैन्यः (vainyaḥ) - Vainya (a king or sage); विधाते (vidhāte) - to create; इति (iti) - thus; आह (āha) - said; अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri; अत्र (atra) - here; नः (naḥ) - our; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; महान् (mahān) - great;]
(Then Gautama, indeed, said to the members, the best of sages: Hear, O best of twice-born, the question spoken by us two. Atri said: "Vainya is to create", thus—here, our doubt is great. (03-183-19))
Then Gautama addressed the assembly of eminent sages, saying: O best of twice-born, hear the question which has arisen between us two. Atri declared, "Vainya is to create"—and this is now the subject of our great doubt. (03-183-19)
श्रुत्वैव तु महात्मानो मुनयोऽभ्यद्रवन्द्रुतम्। सनत्कुमारं धर्मज्ञं संशयच्छेदनाय वै ॥०३-१८३-२०॥
śrutvaiva tu mahātmāno munayo'bhyadravandrutam। sanatkumāraṃ dharmajñaṃ saṃśayacchedanāya vai॥03-183-20॥
[श्रुत्वैव (śrutvaiva) - having heard indeed; तु (tu) - but; महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - the great-souled ones; मुनयः (munayaḥ) - the sages; अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they approached quickly; द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly; सनत्कुमारम् (sanatkumāram) - Sanatkumāra; धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knower of dharma; संशयच्छेदनाय (saṃśayacchedanāya) - for the cutting of doubt; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(Having heard indeed but the great-souled sages quickly approached swiftly Sanatkumāra, the knower of dharma, for the cutting of doubt indeed.)
But having indeed heard, the great-souled sages swiftly approached Sanatkumāra, the knower of dharma, in order to have their doubts dispelled. (03-183-20)
स च तेषां वचः श्रुत्वा यथातत्त्वं महातपाः। प्रत्युवाचाथ तानेवं धर्मार्थसहितं वचः ॥०३-१८३-२१॥
sa ca teṣāṃ vacaḥ śrutvā yathātattvaṃ mahātapāḥ। pratyuvācātha tānevaṃ dharmārthasahitaṃ vacaḥ ॥03-183-21॥
[स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; तेषां (teṣām) - of them; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; यथातत्त्वं (yathātattvam) - according to truth; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great ascetic; प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; अथ (atha) - then; तान् (tān) - to them; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; धर्मार्थसहितं (dharmārthasahitam) - endowed with righteousness and meaning; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech;]
(He and of them speech having heard according to truth the great ascetic replied then to them thus endowed with righteousness and meaning speech.)
And he, the great ascetic, having heard their words and knowing the truth, then replied to them with speech full of righteousness and sense. (03-183-21)
सनत्कुमार उवाच॥
sanatkumāra uvāca॥
[सनत्कुमार (sanatkumāra) - Sanatkumara (name of an ancient sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanatkumara said)
Sanatkumara said.
ब्रह्म क्षत्रेण सहितं क्षत्रं च ब्रह्मणा सह। राजा वै प्रथमो धर्मः प्रजानां पतिरेव च ॥ स एव शक्रः शुक्रश्च स धाता स बृहस्पतिः ॥०३-१८३-२२॥
brahma kṣatreṇa sahitaṃ kṣatraṃ ca brahmaṇā saha। rājā vai prathamo dharmaḥ prajānāṃ patireva ca ॥ sa eva śakraḥ śukraśca sa dhātā sa bṛhaspatiḥ ॥03-183-22॥
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - the priestly class; क्षत्रेण (kṣatreṇa) - with the warrior class; सहितं (sahitam) - united; क्षत्रं (kṣatram) - the warrior class; च (ca) - and; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - with the priestly class; सह (saha) - together; राजा (rājā) - the king; वै (vai) - indeed; प्रथमो (prathamaḥ) - the foremost; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - law; प्रजानां (prajānām) - of the subjects; पतिः (patiḥ) - lord; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; एव (eva) - indeed; शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra; शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Śukra; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; धाता (dhātā) - sustainer; सः (saḥ) - he; बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati;]
(The priestly class united with the warrior class, and the warrior class together with the priestly class. The king indeed is the foremost law, indeed the lord of the subjects and. He indeed is Śakra, and Śukra, he (is) the sustainer, he (is) Bṛhaspati. (03-183-22))
The priestly class united with the warrior class, and the warrior class together with the priestly class. The king is indeed the chief law and truly the lord of the people. He himself is Indra, Śukra, Dhātā, and Bṛhaspati. (03-183-22)
प्रजापतिर्विराट्सम्राट्क्षत्रियो भूपतिर्नृपः। य एभिः स्तूयते शब्दैः कस्तं नार्चितुमर्हति ॥०३-१८३-२३॥
prajāpativirāṭsamrāṭkṣatriyo bhūpatir nṛpaḥ। ya ebhiḥ stūyate śabdaiḥ kas taṃ nārcitum arhati॥03-183-23॥
[प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - lord of progeny; विराट् (virāṭ) - the great or mighty; सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - sovereign ruler; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - protector of the earth; भूपतिः (bhūpatiḥ) - lord of the earth; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king; यः (yaḥ) - who; एभिः (ebhiḥ) - by these; स्तूयते (stūyate) - is praised; शब्दैः (śabdaiḥ) - with words; कः (kaḥ) - who; तम् (tam) - him; न (na) - not; अर्चितुम् (arcitum) - to worship; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy;]
(Prajāpati, Virāṭ, Samrāṭ, Kṣatriya, Bhūpati, King—who by these is praised with words—who him not to worship is worthy?)
The lord of progeny, the mighty one, the sovereign, the protector of the earth, the king—who is praised by these words—who would not be worthy to worship him? (03-183-23)
पुरायोनिर्युधाजिच्च अभिया मुदितो भवः। स्वर्णेता सहजिद्बभ्रुरिति राजाभिधीयते ॥०३-१८३-२४॥
purāyo niryudhājic ca abhiyā mudito bhavaḥ। svarṇetā sahajid babhrur iti rājābhidhīyate ॥03-183-24॥
[पुरा (purā) - formerly; योनिः (yoniḥ) - source; निर्युधा (niryudhā) - one who fought out; अजित् (ajit) - undefeated; च (ca) - and; अभिया (abhiyā) - going towards; मुदितः (muditaḥ) - glad; भवः (bhavaḥ) - being; स्वर्णेता (svarṇetā) - having a golden line; सहजित् (sahajit) - natural victor; बभ्रुः (babhrur) - brown; इति (iti) - thus; राजा (rājā) - king; अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - is called;]
(Formerly source one who fought out undefeated and going towards glad being, having a golden line, a natural victor, brown thus king is called.)
Formerly, the king called as Babhrur, the undefeated who went forth from the source, glad in spirit, marked by a golden line, born victorious, and tawny-hued. (03-183-24)
सत्यमन्युर्युधाजीवः सत्यधर्मप्रवर्तकः। अधर्मादृषयो भीता बलं क्षत्रे समादधन् ॥०३-१८३-२५॥
satyam-anyur-yudhājīvaḥ satyadharma-pravartakaḥ। adharmād ṛṣayo bhītā balaṃ kṣatre samādadhan ॥03-183-25॥
[सत्यम् (satyam) - truth; अन्युः (anyuḥ) - anger; युधा (yudhā) - by battle; जीवः (jīvaḥ) - living being; सत्यधर्मप्रवर्तकः (satyadharma-pravartakaḥ) - one who establishes true dharma; अधर्मात् (adharmāt) - from unrighteousness; ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - seers; भीता (bhītā) - afraid; बलम् (balam) - strength; क्षत्रे (kṣatre) - in kṣatra (warrior power); समादधन् (samādadhan) - placed together;]
(Truth anger by battle living being, one who establishes true dharma. From unrighteousness, seers afraid, strength in kṣatra placed together.)
Truth and anger (righteous wrath) are the life of battle, and the establisher of true dharma. Fearing unrighteousness, the seers placed their strength in the warrior order. (03-183-25)
आदित्यो दिवि देवेषु तमो नुदति तेजसा। तथैव नृपतिर्भूमावधर्मं नुदते भृशम् ॥०३-१८३-२६॥
ādityo divi deveṣu tamō nudati tejasā। tathaiva nṛpatir bhūmāv adharmaṃ nudate bhṛśam ॥03-183-26॥
[आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun; दिवि (divi) - in the sky; देवेषु (deveṣu) - among the gods; तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness; नुदति (nudati) - pushes away; तेजसा (tejasā) - by (his) brilliance; तथा एव (tathā eva) - just so; नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on earth; अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness; नुदते (nudate) - drives away; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - strongly;]
(The sun in the sky among the gods drives away darkness by (his) brilliance. Just so, the king on earth drives away unrighteousness strongly.)
As the sun in the sky among the gods dispels darkness with his brilliance, in the same way, the king on earth powerfully drives away unrighteousness. (03-183-26)
अतो राज्ञः प्रधानत्वं शास्त्रप्रामाण्यदर्शनात्। उत्तरः सिध्यते पक्षो येन राजेति भाषितम् ॥०३-१८३-२७॥
ato rājñaḥ pradhānatvaṃ śāstra-prāmāṇya-darśanāt। uttaraḥ sidhyate pakṣo yena rājeti bhāṣitam ॥03-183-27॥
[अतः (ataḥ) - Therefore; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; प्रधानत्वं (pradhānatvam) - primacy; शास्त्रप्रामाण्यदर्शनात् (śāstra-prāmāṇya-darśanāt) - from the demonstration of the authority of scripture; उत्तरः (uttaraḥ) - reply; सिध्यते (sidhyate) - is established; पक्षः (pakṣaḥ) - position; येन (yena) - by which; राजा (rājā) - the king; इति (iti) - thus; भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - has been stated;]
(Therefore, the primacy of the king, from the demonstration of the authority of scripture. The reply, the position is established by which 'the king' thus has been stated.)
Therefore, the primacy of the king is established from the demonstration of the authority of scripture; the answer is that the position in which 'the king' is declared is thus established. (03-183-27)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Mārkaṇḍeya said;)
Mārkaṇḍeya said.
ततः स राजा संहृष्टः सिद्धे पक्षे महामनाः। तमत्रिमब्रवीत्प्रीतः पूर्वं येनाभिसंस्तुतः ॥०३-१८३-२८॥
tataḥ sa rājā saṁhṛṣṭaḥ siddhe pakṣe mahā-manāḥ। tam atrim abravīt prītaḥ pūrvaṁ yena abhi-saṁstutaḥ ॥03-183-28॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; स (sa) - he; राजा (rājā) - king; संहृष्टः (saṁhṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful; सिद्धे (siddhe) - accomplished; पक्षे (pakṣe) - on the side; महामनाः (mahā-manāḥ) - great-minded; तम् (tam) - him; अत्रिम् (atrim) - Atri; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - previously; येन (yena) - by whom; अभिसंस्तुतः (abhi-saṁstutaḥ) - praised;]
(Then he, the king, joyful, with accomplishment on his side, great-minded, pleased, said to Atri— by whom he had been praised previously.)
Then that king, full of joy and with a noble mind after success was achieved, said—pleased—to Atri, who had earlier praised him. (03-183-28)
यस्मात्सर्वमनुष्येषु ज्यायांसं मामिहाब्रवीः। सर्वदेवैश्च विप्रर्षे संमितं श्रेष्ठमेव च ॥ तस्मात्तेऽहं प्रदास्यामि विविधं वसु भूरि च ॥०३-१८३-२९॥
yasmātsarvamanuṣyeṣu jyāyāṃsaṃ māmihābravīḥ। sarvadevaiśca viprarṣe saṃmitaṃ śreṣṭhameva ca ॥ tasmātte'haṃ pradāsyāmi vividhaṃ vasu bhūri ca ॥03-183-29॥
[यस्मात् (yasmāt) (yasmāt) - since; सर्वमनुष्येषु (sarvamanuṣyeṣu) (sarvamanuṣyeṣu) - among all men; ज्यायांसं (jyāyāṃsam) (jyāyāṃsam) - the greater; माम् (mām) (mām) - me; इह (iha) (iha) - here; अब्रवीः (abravīḥ) (abravīḥ) - you have spoken; सर्वदेवैः (sarvadevaiḥ) (sarvadevaiḥ) - by all the gods; च (ca) (ca) - and; विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) (viprarṣe) - O sage among Brāhmaṇas; संमितं (saṃmitam) (saṃmitam) - equal; श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) (śreṣṭham) - the best; एव (eva) (eva) - indeed; च (ca) (ca) - and; तस्मात् (tasmāt) (tasmāt) - therefore; ते (te) (te) - to you; अहम् (aham) (aham) - I; प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) (pradāsyāmi) - will give; विविधं (vividham) (vividham) - various; वसु (vasu) (vasu) - wealth; भूरि (bhūri) (bhūri) - abundant; च (ca) (ca) - and;]
(Since among all men you have addressed me here as the greater; and, O sage among Brāhmaṇas, as equal to and indeed the best of all the gods; therefore I will give you various and abundant wealth.)
Because you have called me here the greatest among all men, and, O sage among Brāhmaṇas, equal to and indeed the best of all the gods, therefore I will give you much and various wealth. (03-183-29)
दासीसहस्रं श्यामानां सुवस्त्राणामलङ्कृतम्। दश कोट्यो हिरण्यस्य रुक्मभारांस्तथा दश ॥ एतद्ददानि ते विप्र सर्वज्ञस्त्वं हि मे मतः ॥०३-१८३-३०॥
dāsīsahasraṃ śyāmānāṃ suvastrāṇāmalaṅkṛtam | daśa koṭyo hiraṇyasya rukmabhārāṃs tathā daśa || etaddadāni te vipra sarvajñas tvaṃ hi me mataḥ ||03-183-30||
[दासीसहस्रं (dāsīsahasraṃ) - a thousand slave women; श्यामानां (śyāmānāṃ) - of dark-complexioned ones; सुवस्त्राणाम् (suvastrāṇām) - of well-clad; अलङ्कृतम् (alaṅkṛtam) - adorned; दश (daśa) - ten; कोट्यः (koṭyaḥ) - crores; हिरण्यस्य (hiraṇyasya) - of gold; रुक्मभारान् (rukmabhārān) - heaps of gold; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; दश (daśa) - ten; एतत् (etat) - this; ददामि (dadāmi) - I give; ते (te) - to you; विप्र (vipra) - O brāhmaṇa; सर्वज्ञः (sarvajñaḥ) - omniscient; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; हि (hi) - certainly; मे (me) - by me; मतः (mataḥ) - regarded;]
(A thousand slave women, of dark-complexioned, well-clad, adorned; ten crores of gold, heaps of gold also ten. This I give to you, O brāhmaṇa; you are omniscient, certainly regarded by me.)
I give you, O brāhmaṇa, a thousand slave women, dark-complexioned, well-clad and adorned; and ten crores of gold and also ten heaps of gold. You are regarded by me as omniscient. (03-183-30)
तदत्रिर्न्यायतः सर्वं प्रतिगृह्य महामनाः। प्रत्याजगाम तेजस्वी गृहानेव महातपाः ॥०३-१८३-३१॥
tad atrir nyāyataḥ sarvaṃ pratigṛhya mahāmanāḥ। pratyājagāma tejasvī gṛhān eva mahātapāḥ ॥03-183-31॥
[तद् (tad) - then; अत्रिः (atriḥ) - Atri (the sage); न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - rightfully; justly; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having accepted; महामनाः (mahāmanāḥ) - great-minded; प्रत्याजगाम (pratyājagāma) - returned; तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - brilliant; radiant; गृहान् (gṛhān) - to (his) house; एव (eva) - indeed; just; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic;]
(Then Atri, having rightfully accepted all (that was given), great-minded, the brilliant, the great ascetic indeed returned to (his) house.)
Then Atri, the great-minded and radiant sage, having accepted everything justly, returned straight to his house. (03-183-31)
प्रदाय च धनं प्रीतः पुत्रेभ्यः प्रयतात्मवान्। तपः समभिसन्धाय वनमेवान्वपद्यत ॥०३-१८३-३२॥
pradāya ca dhanaṁ prītaḥ putrebhyaḥ prayatātmavān। tapaḥ samabhisandhāya vanam eva anvapadyata ॥03-183-32॥
[प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given; च (ca) - and; धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - being pleased; पुत्रेभ्यः (putrebhyaḥ) - to his sons; प्रयतात्मवान् (prayatātmavān) - one whose self is disciplined; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; समभिसन्धाय (samabhisandhāya) - having resolved upon; वनम् (vanam) - forest; एव (eva) - indeed; अन्वपद्यत (anvapadyata) - followed;]
(Having given wealth, and being pleased, to his sons, the self-disciplined one, having resolved upon austerity, indeed entered the forest.)
Having joyfully given his wealth to his sons, the self-controlled man, determined upon performing austerities, went to the forest. (03-183-32)
