03.211
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
गुरुभिर्नियमैर्युक्तो भरतो नाम पावकः। अग्निः पुष्टिमतिर्नाम तुष्टः पुष्टिं प्रयच्छति ॥ भरत्येष प्रजाः सर्वास्ततो भरत उच्यते ॥०३-२११-१॥
gurubhirniyamaīryukto bharato nāma pāvakaḥ। agniḥ puṣṭimatirnāma tuṣṭaḥ puṣṭiṃ prayacchati॥ bharatyeṣa prajāḥ sarvāstatobharata ucyate॥03-211-1॥
[गुरुभिः (gurubhiḥ) - by teachers; by the spiritual preceptors; नियमैः (niyamaiḥ) - with disciplines; with restraints; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; joined; भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata; the supporter; नाम (nāma) - named; called; पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - the purifier; fire; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; fire; पुष्टिमतिः (puṣṭimatiḥ) - endowed with nourishment; possessor of nourishment; नाम (nāma) - named; called; तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased; satisfied; पुष्टिम् (puṣṭim) - nourishment; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives; bestows; भरति (bharati) - supports; nourishes; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures; beings; subjects; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata; the supporter; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; is named;]
(Endowed with disciplines by teachers, Fire named Bharata (the supporter), Agni called Puṣṭimati (the possessor of nourishment), being pleased, gives nourishment. He supports all creatures; therefore, he is called Bharata.)
Endowed with disciplines by the teachers, the purifier called Bharata, that is, Agni named Puṣṭimati, when pleased, bestows nourishment. He supports all beings; therefore, he is called Bharata. (03-211-1)
अग्निर्यस्तु शिवो नाम शक्तिपूजापरश्च सः। दुःखार्तानां स सर्वेषां शिवकृत्सततं शिवः ॥०३-२११-२॥
agnir yastu śivo nāma śakti-pūjā-paraś ca saḥ। duḥkhārtānāṃ sa sarveṣāṃ śiva-kṛt satataṃ śivaḥ ॥03-211-2॥
[अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; spirit of fire; यः (yaḥ) - who; he who; तु (tu) - but; indeed; शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva; auspicious one; नाम (nāma) - named; by name; शक्ति (śakti) - śakti; power; energy; पूजा (pūjā) - worship; reverence; परः (paraḥ) - devoted; intent; च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; that one; दुःखार्तानां (duḥkhārtānāṃ) - of those afflicted by suffering; स (sa) - he; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (people); शिवकृत् (śiva-kṛt) - doing (what is) auspicious; beneficent; सततम् (satatam) - always; at all times; शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva; auspicious one;]
(Fire, who indeed is named Śiva and intent on the worship of Śakti—and he, of those afflicted by suffering, he of all, always doing auspicious (deeds), (is) Śiva.)
He who is Fire, named Śiva, and is intent on the worship of Śakti—that one, for all who are afflicted by suffering, is always beneficent and truly Śiva. (03-211-2)
तपसस्तु फलं दृष्ट्वा सम्प्रवृद्धं तपो महत्। उद्धर्तुकामो मतिमान्पुत्रो जज्ञे पुरंदरः ॥०३-२११-३॥
tapasas tu phalaṃ dṛṣṭvā sampravṛddhaṃ tapo mahat। uddhartukāmo matimān putro jajñe purandaraḥ॥03-211-3॥
[तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity; तु (tu) - but; फलं (phalam) - fruit; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; सम्प्रवृद्धं (sampravṛddham) - greatly increased; तपः (tapaḥ) - penance; महत् (mahat) - great; उद्धर्तुकामः (uddhartukāmaḥ) - desiring to uplift; मतिमान् (matimān) - intelligent; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born; पुरंदरः (purandaraḥ) - Purandara (Indra);]
(But having seen the fruit of austerity greatly increased, a great penance, desiring to uplift, an intelligent son, Purandara, was born.)
But seeing the great fruit of the penance greatly increased, Indra (Purandara), an intelligent son who wished to deliver (them), was born. (03-211-3)
ऊष्मा चैवोष्मणो जज्ञे सोऽग्निर्भूतेषु लक्ष्यते। अग्निश्चापि मनुर्नाम प्राजापत्यमकारयत् ॥०३-२११-४॥
ūṣmā caiva uṣmaṇo jajñe so'gnir bhūteṣu lakṣyate. agniś cāpi manur nāma prājāpatyam akarayat ॥03-211-4॥
[ऊष्मा (ūṣmā) - heat; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ऊष्मणः (uṣmaṇaḥ) - from heat; जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born; सः (saḥ) - he; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (fire); भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings; लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is perceived; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (fire); च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu; नाम (nāma) - named; प्राजापत्यं (prājāpatyam) - of Prajāpati (pertaining to the progeny or creation); अकारयत् (akarayat) - caused (it) to be done;]
(Heat and indeed from heat was born; he, Agni, among beings is perceived. Agni also Manu named, the prājāpatya (related to Prajāpati), caused to be done.)
Heat, and indeed from heat, was born — he is Agni, perceived among beings. And Agni, as Manu named, caused the prājāpatya rite to be performed. (03-211-4)
शम्भुमग्निमथ प्राहुर्ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः। आवसथ्यं द्विजाः प्राहुर्दीप्तमग्निं महाप्रभम् ॥०३-२११-५॥
śambhum agnim atha prāhur brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ। āvasathyaṃ dvijāḥ prāhur dīptam agniṃ mahāprabham॥03-211-5॥
[शम्भुम् (śambhum) - Śambhu (the auspicious one); अग्निम् (agnim) - Agni (fire); अथ (atha) - then; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they said; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - those who have mastered the Vedas; आवसथ्यम् (āvasathyaṃ) - āvasathya (sacrificial fire); द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they said; दीप्तम् (dīptam) - shining; अग्निम् (agnim) - Agni (fire); महाप्रभम् (mahāprabham) - greatly radiant;]
(Śambhu as Agni then, the Brāhmaṇas who have mastered the Vedas, said; āvasathya, the twice-born said, the shining Agni, greatly radiant.)
The Brāhmaṇas, proficient in the Vedas, called Śambhu as Agni; the twice-born declared the household (āvasathya) fire to be the brilliant, greatly radiant Agni. (03-211-5)
ऊर्जस्करान्हव्यवाहान्सुवर्णसदृशप्रभान्। अग्निस्तपो ह्यजनयत्पञ्च यज्ञसुतानिह ॥०३-२११-६॥
ūrjaskarān havya-vāhān suvarṇa-sadṛśa-prabhān। agnis tapo hy ajanayat pañca yajña-sutān iha॥03-211-6॥
[ऊर्जस्करान् (ūrjaskarān) - producers of energy; हव्यवाहान् (havya-vāhān) - carriers of oblation; सुवर्णसदृशप्रभान् (suvarṇa-sadṛśa-prabhān) - having lustre like gold; अग्नि (agni) - Agni; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; हि (hi) - indeed; अजनयत् (ajanayat) - generated; पञ्च (pañca) - five; यज्ञसुतान् (yajña-sutān) - sons of the sacrifice; इह (iha) - here;]
(Producers of energy, carriers of oblation, having lustre like gold—Agni indeed by austerity generated five sons of the sacrifice here.)
Here, Agni, through his austerity, generated five sons of the sacrifice, who are producers of energy, carriers of oblations, and have a lustre like gold. (03-211-6)
प्रशान्तेऽग्निर्महाभाग परिश्रान्तो गवाम्पतिः। असुराञ्जनयन्घोरान्मर्त्यांश्चैव पृथग्विधान् ॥०३-२११-७॥
praśānte'gnirmahābhāga pariśrānto gavāmpatiḥ। asurāñjanayan ghorān martyāṃścaiva pṛthagvidhān ॥03-211-7॥
[प्रशान्ते (praśānte) - when (he) became calm; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (Fire-god); महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one; परिश्रान्तः (pariśrāntaḥ) - having become exhausted; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; पतिः (patiḥ) - the lord; असुरान् (asurān) - Asuras (demons); जनयन् (janayan) - generating; घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible; मर्त्यान् (martyān) - mortals (humans); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; पृथक्-विधान् (pṛthag-vidhān) - of various kinds;]
(When (he) became calm, Agni, O greatly fortunate one, having become exhausted, the lord of cows, generating terrible Asuras and also mortals indeed of various kinds.)
When Agni, O greatly fortunate one, became calm after exhaustion, the lord of cows generated terrible Asuras and also mortals of various kinds. (03-211-7)
तपसश्च मनुं पुत्रं भानुं चाप्यङ्गिरासृजत्। बृहद्भानुं तु तं प्राहुर्ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः ॥०३-२११-८॥
tapasaś ca manuṃ putraṃ bhānuṃ cāpy aṅgirā sṛjat। bṛhadbhānuṃ tu taṃ prāhur brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ ॥03-211-8॥
[तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity; of penance; च (ca) - and; मनुं (manuṃ) - Manu (proper noun); पुत्रं (putraṃ) - son; भानुं (bhānuṃ) - Bhānu (proper noun); च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अङ्गिरा (aṅgirā) - Aṅgirās (proper noun); असृजत् (asṛjat) - created; बृहद्भानुं (bṛhadbhānuṃ) - Bṛhadbhānu (proper noun); तु (tu) - but; तं (taṃ) - him; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - the Brāhmaṇas; वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - those versed in the Vedas;]
(Of austerity and Manu, the son Bhānu also Aṅgirās created. Bṛhadbhānu but him they call the Brāhmaṇas versed in the Vedas.)
Aṅgirās, by his austerity, created Bhānu, the son of Manu. But the Brāhmaṇas well-versed in the Vedas call him Bṛhadbhānu. (03-211-8)
भानोर्भार्या सुप्रजा तु बृहद्भासा तु सोमजा। असृजेतां तु षट्पुत्राञ्शृणु तासां प्रजाविधिम् ॥०३-२११-९॥
bhānorbhāryā suprajā tu bṛhadbhāsā tu somajā। asṛjetāṁ tu ṣaṭputrāñśṛṇu tāsāṁ prajāvidhim ॥03-211-9॥
[भानोः (bhānoḥ) - of Bhānu (the Sun); भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; सुप्रजा (su-prajā) - well-progenied (having good offspring); तु (tu) - but; indeed; बृहद्भासा (bṛhad-bhāsā) - Bṛhadbhāsā; तु (tu) - and; indeed; सोमजा (somajā) - Somajā; असृजेताम् (asṛjetām) - they produced; तु (tu) - indeed; but; षट्पुत्रान् (ṣaṭ-putrān) - six sons; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; तासाम् (tāsām) - of those (wives); प्रजाविधिम् (prajā-vidhim) - the manner of offspring;]
(Of Bhānu, wife Su-prajā, but Bṛhadbhāsā and Somajā indeed, produced, but, six sons; hear the manner of offspring of those.)
Bhānu's wife, Su-prajā, and also Bṛhadbhāsā and Somajā, indeed produced six sons; listen to the manner of the progeny of those. (03-211-9)
दुर्बलानां तु भूतानां तनुं यः सम्प्रयच्छति। तमग्निं बलदं प्राहुः प्रथमं भानुतः सुतम् ॥०३-२११-१०॥
durbalānāṃ tu bhūtānāṃ tanuṃ yaḥ samprayacchati। tam agniṃ baladaṃ prāhuḥ prathamaṃ bhānutaḥ sutam ॥03-211-10॥
[दुर्बलानाम् (durbalānām) - of the weak; of the powerless; तु (tu) - but; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; तनुम् (tanuṃ) - body; यः (yaḥ) - who; सम्प्रयच्छति (samprayacchati) - gives; bestows; तम् (tam) - him; that one; अग्निम् (agniṃ) - Agni; fire; बलदम् (baladam) - giver of strength; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call; they declare; प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first; भानुतः (bhānutaḥ) - from the sun; from Bhānu; सुतम् (sutam) - son; ॥०३-२११-१०॥ (॥03-211-10॥) - ;]
(Of the weak but of beings, the body who bestows, him Agni, giver of strength, they declare first the son from the Sun (Bhānu).)
They call Agni, who gives bodies to the powerless beings, the first son of the Sun and the giver of strength. (03-211-10)
यः प्रशान्तेषु भूतेषु मन्युर्भवति दारुणः। अग्निः स मन्युमान्नाम द्वितीयो भानुतः सुतः ॥०३-२११-११॥
yaḥ praśānteṣu bhūteṣu manyur bhavati dāruṇaḥ। agniḥ sa manyumān nāma dvitīyo bhānutaḥ sutaḥ॥03-211-11॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रशान्तेषु (praśānteṣu) - in those who are pacified; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings; मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger; भवति (bhavati) - arises; दारुणः (dāruṇaḥ) - fierce; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; स (sa) - he; मन्युमान् (manyumān) - possessed of wrath; नाम (nāma) - named; द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second; भानुतः (bhānutaḥ) - from Bhānu; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son;]
(Who, in those who are pacified among beings, anger arises, fierce; Agni, he, possessed of wrath, named, second, from Bhānu, son.)
He whose fierce anger arises even among pacified beings—he is Agni, the wrathful one, named the second son of Bhānu. (03-211-11)
दर्शे च पौर्णमासे च यस्येह हविरुच्यते। विष्णुर्नामेह योऽग्निस्तु धृतिमान्नाम सोऽङ्गिराः ॥०३-२११-१२॥
darśe ca paurṇamāse ca yasyeha havirucyate। viṣṇurnāmeha yo'gnistu dhṛtimānnāma so'ṅgirāḥ॥03-211-12॥
[दर्शे (darśe) - at the new moon sacrifice; च (ca) - and; पौर्णमासे (paurṇamāse) - at the full moon sacrifice; च (ca) - and; यस्यानिह (yasya iha) - whose here; हविः (haviḥ) - offering; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said; विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; नाम (nāma) - by name; इह (iha) - here; यः (yaḥ) - who; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; तु (tu) - but; धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - steadfast; नाम (nāma) - by name; सः (saḥ) - he; अङ्गिराः (aṅgirāḥ) - Aṅgiras;]
(At the new moon sacrifice and at the full moon sacrifice, whose here offering is said; Viṣṇu by name here, who Agni but steadfast by name, he is Aṅgiras.)
At the new and full moon sacrifices, the offering here is said to belong to him; here, Agni called Viṣṇu by name, who is steadfast, he is Aṅgiras. (03-211-12)
इन्द्रेण सहितं यस्य हविराग्रयणं स्मृतम्। अग्निराग्रयणो नाम भानोरेवान्वयस्तु सः ॥०३-२११-१३॥
indreṇa sahitaṃ yasya havirāgrayaṇaṃ smṛtam। agnirāgrayaṇo nāma bhānorevānvayastu saḥ॥03-211-13॥
[इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - with Indra; सहितं (sahitaṃ) - associated; यस्य (yasya) - of whom; हविराग्रयणं (havirāgrayaṇam) - the Agra-yaṇa (first-offering) of oblation; स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is said; अग्निराग्रयणः (agnirāgrayaṇaḥ) - Agni-āgrayaṇa; नाम (nāma) - by name; भानोः (bhānoḥ) - of Bhānu; एव (eva) - indeed; अन्वयः (anvayaḥ) - the lineage; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(With Indra associated, of whom the Agra-yaṇa (first offering) of oblation is said; Agni-āgrayaṇa by name, of Bhānu indeed the lineage but he. (03-211-13))
He, known as Agni-āgrayaṇa, whose first oblation is said to be associated with Indra, is indeed of the lineage of Bhānu. (03-211-13)
चातुर्मास्येषु नित्यानां हविषां यो निरग्रहः। चतुर्भिः सहितः पुत्रैर्भानोरेवान्वयस्तु सः ॥०३-२११-१४॥
cāturmāsyeṣu nityānāṃ haviṣāṃ yo niragrahaḥ। caturbhiḥ sahitaḥ putrairbhānorevānvayastu saḥ ॥03-211-14॥
[चातुर्मास्येषु (cāturmāsyeṣu) - in the cāturmāsya (seasonal sacrificial) rites; नित्यानां (nityānām) - of the obligatory; हविषां (haviṣām) - of offerings; यः (yaḥ) - who; निरग्रहः (niragrahaḥ) - without restriction; चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four; सहितः (sahitaḥ) - joined; पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons; भानोह (bhānoḥ) - of Bhānu (the Sun); एव (eva) - indeed; अन्वयः (anvayaḥ) - descendant; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(In the cāturmāsya rites, of the obligatory offerings, who (is) without restriction, with four joined sons, of Bhānu indeed the descendant but he.)
He who, in the cāturmāsya sacrifices of the obligatory offerings, is unrestricted and accompanied by his four sons, is indeed a descendant of Bhānu. (03-211-14)
निशां त्वजनयत्कन्यामग्नीषोमावुभौ तथा। मनोरेवाभवद्भार्या सुषुवे पञ्च पावकान् ॥०३-२११-१५॥
niśāṁ tv ajanayat kanyām agnīṣomāu ubhau tathā। manor evābhavad bhāryā suṣuve pañca pāvakān ॥03-211-15॥
[निशाम् (niśām) - night (personified); तु (tu) - indeed; however; अजनयत् (ajanayat) - produced; begot; कन्याम् (kanyām) - daughter; अग्नीषोमौ (agnīṣomau) - Agni and Soma; (dual); उभौ (ubhau) - both; तथा (tathā) - likewise; in the same way; मनोर् (manor) - of Manu; एव (eva) - only; indeed; verily; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; सुषुवे (suṣuve) - she bore; gave birth; पञ्च (pañca) - five; पावकान् (pāvakān) - fire-gods; (accusative plural of pāvaka);]
(But indeed, Agni and Soma both produced night as a daughter. She became the wife only of Manu and gave birth to five fire-gods.)
However, Agni and Soma both begot Niśā (Night) as their daughter. She became the wife of Manu and gave birth to five fire-deities. (03-211-15)
पूज्यते हविषाग्र्येण चातुर्मास्येषु पावकः। पर्जन्यसहितः श्रीमानग्निर्वैश्वानरस्तु सः ॥०३-२११-१६॥
pūjyate haviṣāgryeṇa cāturmāsyeṣu pāvakaḥ। parjanyasahitaḥ śrīmān agnir vaiśvānaras tu saḥ ॥03-211-16॥
[पूज्यते (pūjyate) - is worshipped; हविषा-अग्र्येण (haviṣā-agryeṇa) - with excellent oblation; चातुर्मास्येषु (cāturmāsyeṣu) - in the four-month rites; पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - the purifier (Agni); पर्जन्य-सहितः (parjanya-sahitaḥ) - along with Parjanya (the Rain-god); श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - resplendent (possessed of splendour); अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni (the Fire); वैश्वानरः (vaiśvānaraḥ) - Vaiśvānara (universal fire); तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Is worshipped with excellent oblation, in four-month rites, the purifier. Along with Parjanya, resplendent Agni, Vaiśvānara, but he.)
In the four-month rites, the purifier Agni is worshipped with the finest oblation; together with Parjanya, that resplendent Agni is Vaiśvānara himself. (03-211-16)
अस्य लोकस्य सर्वस्य यः पतिः परिपठ्यते। सोऽग्निर्विश्वपतिर्नाम द्वितीयो वै मनोः सुतः ॥ ततः स्विष्टं भवेदाज्यं स्विष्टकृत्परमः स्मृतः ॥०३-२११-१७॥
asya lokasya sarvasya yaḥ patiḥ paripaṭhyate। so'gnirviśvapatirnāma dvitīyo vai manoḥ sutaḥ॥ tataḥ sviṣṭaṃ bhavedājyaṃ sviṣṭakṛtparamaḥ smṛtaḥ॥03-211-17॥
[अस्य (asya) - of this; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all; यः (yaḥ) - who; पतिः (patiḥ) - lord; परिपठ्यते (paripaṭhyate) - is declared; सः (saḥ) - he; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; विश्वपतिः (viśvapatiḥ) - lord of all; नाम (nāma) - named; द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - the second; वै (vai) - indeed; मनोः (manoḥ) - of Manu; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; ततः (tataḥ) - then; स्विष्टम् (sviṣṭam) - the well-made (oblation); भवेत् (bhavet) - must be; आज्यम् (ājyaṃ) - clarified butter; स्विष्टकृत् (sviṣṭakṛt) - the maker of well-prepared (offerings); परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered;]
(Of this world's all, who lord is declared, he Agni, lord of all, named, the second indeed, Manu's son. Then, the well-offered must be clarified butter, the maker of well-prepared, supreme, is remembered.)
He who is declared as the lord of all this world is Agni, called the lord of all, the second son of Manu. Then, the well-offered oblation must be clarified butter; the maker of the well-offered is remembered as the supreme. (03-211-17)
कन्या सा रोहिणी नाम हिरण्यकशिपोः सुता। कर्मणासौ बभौ भार्या स वह्निः स प्रजापतिः ॥०३-२११-१८॥
kanyā sā rohiṇī nāma hiraṇyakaśipoḥ sutā। karmaṇā asau babhau bhāryā sa vahniḥ sa prajāpatiḥ॥03-211-18॥
[कन्या (kanyā) - maiden; सा (sā) - that; रोहिणी (rohiṇī) - Rohiṇī; नाम (nāma) - by name; हिरण्यकशिपोः (hiraṇyakaśipoḥ) - of Hiraṇyakaśipu; सुता (sutā) - daughter; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by (her) act; असौ (asau) - she; बभौ (babhau) - became; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; स (sa) - he; वह्निः (vahniḥ) - Agni (fire god); स (sa) - he; प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - Prajāpati;]
(Maiden that Rohiṇī by name, of Hiraṇyakaśipu (the) daughter; by (her) act, she became wife. He, Agni; he (is) Prajāpati.)
That maiden, Rohiṇī by name, the daughter of Hiraṇyakaśipu, by her action became a wife; he was Agni, he was Prajāpati. (03-211-18)
प्राणमाश्रित्य यो देहं प्रवर्तयति देहिनाम्। तस्य संनिहितो नाम शब्दरूपस्य साधनः ॥०३-२११-१९॥
prāṇam āśritya yaḥ dehaṃ pravartayati dehinām। tasya saṃnihito nāma śabdarūpasya sādhanah ॥03-211-19॥
[प्राणम् (prāṇam) - life-breath; vital energy; आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having taken refuge in; depending on; यः (yaḥ) - who; देहम् (deham) - body; प्रवर्तयति (pravartayati) - sets in motion; operates; देहिनाम् (dehinām) - of embodied beings; तस्य (tasya) - of that (one); संनिहितः (saṃnihitaḥ) - present; situated; नाम (nāma) - name; शब्दरूपस्य (śabdarūpasya) - of (that which has the) form of sound; साधनः (sādhanaḥ) - means; instrument;]
(Having taken refuge in the life-breath, who sets in motion the body of embodied beings; of that one, present is named the means of that which has the form of sound.)
He who, depending on the vital breath, moves the body of embodied beings—his instrument, called 'the means of sound', is ever present. (03-211-19)
शुक्लकृष्णगतिर्देवो यो बिभर्ति हुताशनम्। अकल्मषः कल्मषाणां कर्ता क्रोधाश्रितस्तु सः ॥०३-२११-२०॥
śuklakṛṣṇagatir devo yo bibharti hutāśanam। akalmaṣaḥ kalmaṣāṇāṃ kartā krodhāśritas tu saḥ ॥03-211-20॥
[शुक्लकृष्णगतिः (śuklakṛṣṇagatiḥ) - white and black course; (i.e., the having a path of light and darkness;) देवः (devaḥ) - the god; यः (yaḥ) - who; बिभर्ति (bibharti) - bears; supports; हुताशनम् (hutāśanam) - fire; (one who consumes offerings;) अकल्मषः (akalmaṣaḥ) - sinless; कल्मषाणाम् (kalmaṣāṇām) - of the impure; of the sinful; कर्ता (kartā) - doer; maker; क्रोधाश्रितः (krodhāśritaḥ) - one who is resorted to by anger; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(The god who has the white and black course bears fire; sinless is he, of the sinful the doer, but he is resorted to by anger. (03-211-20))
He, the god with both the white and black paths, who bears fire, is himself sinless, the creator of the sinful, and yet is resorted to by anger. (03-211-20)
कपिलं परमर्षिं च यं प्राहुर्यतयः सदा। अग्निः स कपिलो नाम साङ्ख्ययोगप्रवर्तकः ॥०३-२११-२१॥
kapilaṁ paramarṣiṁ ca yaṁ prāhuryatayaḥ sadā। agniḥ sa kapilo nāma sāṅkhyayogapravartakaḥ ॥03-211-21॥
[कपिलं (kapilaṁ) - Kapila; (a proper noun; परमर्षिं (paramarṣiṁ) - supreme ṛṣi; च (ca) - and; यं (yaṁ) - whom; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they call; यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics; सदा (sadā) - always; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; (the fire; सः (saḥ) - he; कपिलः (kapilaḥ) - Kapila; नाम (nāma) - by name; साङ्ख्ययोगप्रवर्तकः (sāṅkhyayogapravartakaḥ) - originator of Sāṅkhya-Yoga;]
(Kapila, the supreme ṛṣi, and whom the ascetics always call; Agni—he (is) Kapila by name, the originator of Sāṅkhya-Yoga.)
Kapila, whom the ascetics always call the supreme sage, is none other than Agni; he is known as Kapila, the originator of Sāṅkhya-Yoga. (03-211-21)
अग्निर्यच्छति भूतानि येन भूतानि नित्यदा। कर्मस्विह विचित्रेषु सोऽग्रणीर्वह्निरुच्यते ॥०३-२११-२२॥
agnir yacchati bhūtāni yena bhūtāni nityadā। karmasu iha vicitreṣu saḥ agraṇīḥ vahniḥ ucyate ॥03-211-22॥
[अग्नि: (agniḥ) - fire; यच्छति (yacchati) - sustains; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; येन (yena) - by whom; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; नित्यदा (nityadā) - always; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions; इह (iha) - here; विचित्रेषु (vicitreṣu) - various; सः (saḥ) - he; अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - the leader; वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Fire sustains beings, by whom beings always (are sustained); in actions here, various, he the leader, fire is called.)
He by whom beings are always sustained—that fire, the leader, is called the fire in various actions here. (03-211-22)
इमानन्यान्समसृजत्पावकान्प्रथितान्भुवि। अग्निहोत्रस्य दुष्टस्य प्रायश्चित्तार्थमुल्बणान् ॥०३-२११-२३॥
imān anyān samasṛjat pāvakān prathitān bhuvi। agnihotrasya duṣṭasya prāyaścittārtham ulbaṇān ॥03-211-23॥
[इमान् (imān) - these (masculine accusative plural); अन्यान् (anyān) - other (accusative plural); समसृजत् (samasṛjat) - created; sent forth; पावकान् (pāvakān) - fires (accusative plural); प्रथितान् (prathitān) - well-known; renowned; भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth; (locative singular); अग्निहोत्रस्य (agnihotrasya) - of the agnihotra (sacrificial fire); दुष्टस्य (duṣṭasya) - of the corrupted; defiled; प्रायश्चित्तार्थम् (prāyaścittārtham) - for the purpose of expiation; उल्बणान् (ulbaṇān) - powerful; formidable;]
(These other fires, well-known on earth, he created; for the purpose of expiation (prāyaścitta) of the defiled agnihotra, (he created) powerful ones.)
He created these other fires, renowned on earth, powerful ones for the expiation of the corrupted agnihotra. (03-211-23)
संस्पृशेयुर्यदान्योन्यं कथञ्चिद्वायुनाग्नयः। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या वै शुचयेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-२४॥
saṁspṛśeyuryadānyonyaṁ kathaṁcidvāyunāgnayaḥ| iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā vai śucaye'gnaye ॥03-211-24॥
[संस्पृशेयुः (saṁspṛśeyuḥ) - might touch; यदा (yadā) - when; अन्योन्यं (anyonyaṁ) - each other; कथञ्चित् (kathaṁcit) - in any way; वायुन (vāyunā) - by wind; अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - oblation; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight kapālas (vessels); कार्या (kāryā) - should be performed; वै (vai) - certainly; शुचये (śucaye) - for purity; अग्नये (agnaye) - for (the) fire;]
(When fires might touch each other in any way by wind, an oblation with eight kapālas should certainly be performed for purity for the fire.)
If, by wind, the fires happen to touch each other in any way, then an eight-vessel oblation should certainly be performed to purify the fire. (3-211-24)
दक्षिणाग्निर्यदा द्वाभ्यां संसृजेत तदा किल। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या वै वीतयेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-२५॥
dakṣiṇāgnir yadā dvābhyāṃ saṃsṛjet tadā kila। iṣṭir aṣṭākapālena kāryā vai vītaye'gnaye ॥03-211-25॥
[दक्षिणाग्निः (dakṣiṇāgniḥ) - the southern fire; यदा (yadā) - when; द्वाभ्यां (dvābhyām) - with two (things); संसृजेत् (saṃsṛjet) - joins; तदा (tadā) - then; किल (kila) - indeed; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - offering (ritual); अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight potsherds; कार्या (kāryā) - should be done; वै (vai) - verily; वीतये (vītaye) - for propitiation; अग्नये (agnaye) - to Agni (the fire);]
(When the southern fire is joined with two, then indeed, the offering with eight potsherds should be made, verily, for propitiation to Agni.)
When the southern fire is joined by two (sacrificers or things), then indeed an offering with eight potsherds should be made to Agni for propitiation. (03-211-25)
यद्यग्नयो हि स्पृश्येयुर्निवेशस्था दवाग्निना। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या तु शुचयेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-२६॥
yadyagnayo hi spṛśyeyur niveśasthā davāgninā। iṣṭir aṣṭākapālena kāryā tu śucaye'gnaye॥03-211-26॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires; हि (hi) - indeed; स्पृश्येयुः (spṛśyeyuḥ) - were touched; निवेशस्था (niveśasthāḥ) - kept in the house; दवाग्निना (davāgninā) - by wildfire; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - a sacrificial rite; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with the eight-cap vessel; कार्या (kāryā) - should be performed; तु (tu) - but; शुचये (śucaye) - for purification; अग्नये (agnaye) - for Agni (the fire);]
(If indeed the fires kept in the house were touched by wildfire, a sacrifice with the eight-cap vessel should be performed for purification for Agni.)
If indeed the domestic fires are touched by wildfire, a ritual with the eight-cap vessel should be performed for Agni for purposes of purification. (03-211-26)
अग्निं रजस्वला चेत्स्त्री संस्पृशेदग्निहोत्रिकम्। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या दस्युमतेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-२७॥
agniṁ rajasvalā cetstrī saṁspṛśedagnihotrikam। iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā dasyumate'gnaye ॥03-211-27॥
[अग्निं (agniṁ) - fire (accusative singular); रजस्वला (rajasvalā) - menstruating woman; चेत् (cet) - if; स्त्री (strī) - woman; संस्पृशेत् (saṁspṛśet) - touches (optative singular, may touch); अग्निहोत्रिकम् (agnihotrikam) - belonging to Agnihotra (fire connected with Agnihotra ritual, accusative singular); इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - sacrificial offering; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight (consisting of) bowls; कार्या (kāryā) - is to be performed; दस्युमते (dasyumate) - meant for Dasya-minded (for one regarded as impure/outcaste, dative singular); अग्नये (agnaye) - for Agni (fire, dative singular);]
(If a menstruating woman may touch the fire belonging to the Agnihotra, a sacrificial offering with eight bowls is to be performed for Agni who is regarded as impure.)
If a menstruating woman touches the Agnihotra fire, a sacrificial offering with eight bowls should be performed for Agni considered as one polluted. (03-211-27)
मृतः श्रूयेत यो जीवन्परेयुः पशवो यथा। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कर्तव्याभिमतेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-२८॥
mṛtaḥ śrūyeta yo jīvan pareyuḥ paśavo yathā। iṣṭir aṣṭākapālena kartavyā abhimate agnaye ॥03-211-28॥
[मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead (one); श्रूयेत (śrūyeta) - is considered; यः (yaḥ) - who; जीवन् (jīvan) - living; परेयुः (pareyuḥ) - should go forth; पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals; यथा (yathā) - just as; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - sacrifice (oblatory offering); अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapāleṇa) - with eight kapāla (pot-measure, i.e., eight measures); कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be performed; अभिमते (abhimate) - desired; अग्नये (agnaye) - for Agni (the fire/Agni deity);]
(Dead is considered he who, living, should depart, just as animals; an offering with eight kapāla should be performed for Agni, as desired.)
A person who, while still alive, is regarded as dead because he leaves (like animals), should have an offering of eight kapāla performed for Agni according to wish. (03-211-28)
आर्तो न जुहुयादग्निं त्रिरात्रं यस्तु ब्राह्मणः। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या स्यादुत्तराग्नये ॥०३-२११-२९॥
ārto na juhuyād agniṃ trirātraṃ yas tu brāhmaṇaḥ। iṣṭir aṣṭākapā lena kāryā syād uttarāgnaye॥03-211-29॥
[आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed man; न (na) - not; जुहुयात् (juhuyāt) - should offer (oblations); अग्निम् (agniṃ) - to fire; त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - oblatory rite; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight bowls; कार्या (kāryā) - should be performed; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; उत्तराग्नये (uttarāgnaye) - for the Northern Fire.;]
(A distressed man should not offer to fire for three nights; but the Brāhmaṇa, an offering with eight bowls should be performed, it should be for the Northern Fire.)
A distressed man should not offer oblations to fire for three nights. But a Brāhmaṇa should perform an offering with eight bowls for the Northern Fire. (03-211-29)
दर्शं च पौर्णमासं च यस्य तिष्ठेत्प्रतिष्ठितम्। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या पथिकृतेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-३०॥
darśaṃ ca paurṇamāsaṃ ca yasya tiṣṭhet pratiṣṭhitam। iṣṭir aṣṭākapālena kāryā pathikṛte'gnaye ॥03-211-30॥
[दर्शम् (darśam) - new moon sacrifice; च (ca) - and; पौर्णमासम् (paurṇamāsam) - full moon sacrifice; च (ca) - and; यस्य (yasya) - of which; तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - remains; प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - established; इष्टिः (iṣṭiḥ) - offering; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight-cap offering cup; कार्या (kāryā) - should be performed; पथिकृते (pathikṛte) - for the maker of the path; अग्नये (agnaye) - to Agni;]
(The new moon and full moon sacrifices, of which the established (portion) remains; the offering should be performed with an eight-cap (vessel), for the maker of the path, to Agni.)
The offering to Agni, the maker of the path, should be performed with an eight-cap vessel from what remains of the established new and full moon sacrifices. (03-211-30)
सूतिकाग्निर्यदा चाग्निं संस्पृशेदग्निहोत्रिकम्। इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या चाग्निमतेऽग्नये ॥०३-२११-३१॥
sūtikāgnir yadā ca agniṃ saṃspṛśet agnihotrikam। iṣṭiḥ aṣṭākapālena kāryā ca agnimate agnaye ॥03-211-31॥
[सूतिकाग्नि: (sūtikāgniḥ) - fire belonging to the woman after childbirth; यदा (yadā) - when; च (ca) - and; अग्निं (agniṃ) - the fire; संस्पृशेत् (saṃspṛśet) - touches; अग्निहोत्रिकम् (agnihotrikam) - that belongs to the sacrificer; इष्टि: (iṣṭiḥ) - an offering; अष्टाकपालेन (aṣṭākapālena) - with eight potsherds; कार्या (kāryā) - should be performed; च (ca) - and; अग्निमते (agnimate) - for the one possessing fire; अग्नये (agnaye) - to Agni;]
(When the fire of the woman who has given birth touches the fire of the sacrificer, an offering with eight potsherds should be performed for the possessor of fire, to Agni.)
When the fire from a woman after childbirth comes in contact with the sacrificer's fire, an eight-potsherd offering should be made for the owner of the fire, to Agni. (03-211-31)
