07.033
Pancharatra and Core: Circular military formation of the Kaurava Army.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
समरेऽत्युग्रकर्माणः कर्मभिर्व्यञ्जितश्रमाः। सकृष्णाः पाण्डवाः पञ्च देवैरपि दुरासदाः ॥७-३३-१॥
samare'tyugrakarmāṇaḥ karmabhirvyañjitaśramāḥ। sakṛṣṇāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ pañca devairapi durāsadāḥ ॥7-33-1॥
[समरे (samare) - in battle; अत्युग्रकर्माणः (atyugrakarmāṇaḥ) - of very fierce deeds; कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions; व्यञ्जितश्रमाः (vyañjitaśramāḥ) - fatigue manifested; सकृष्णाः (sakṛṣṇāḥ) - with Krishna; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas; पञ्च (pañca) - five; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by gods; अपि (api) - even; दुरासदाः (durāsadāḥ) - difficult to approach;]
(In battle, of very fierce deeds, with fatigue manifested by actions, the five Pandavas with Krishna are difficult to approach even by gods.)
In the battle, the five Pandavas, along with Krishna, known for their fierce deeds and manifesting fatigue through their actions, are formidable and difficult to approach even by the gods.
सत्त्वकर्मान्वयैर्बुद्ध्या प्रकृत्या यशसा श्रिया। नैव भूतो न भविता कृष्णतुल्यगुणः पुमान् ॥७-३३-२॥
sattvakarmānvayairbuddhyā prakṛtyā yaśasā śriyā। naiva bhūto na bhavitā kṛṣṇatulyaguṇaḥ pumān ॥7-33-2॥
[सत्त्व (sattva) - goodness; कर्म (karma) - action; अन्वयैः (anvayaiḥ) - by connection; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence; प्रकृत्या (prakṛtyā) - by nature; यशसा (yaśasā) - by fame; श्रिया (śriyā) - by wealth; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; भूतः (bhūtaḥ) - has been; न (na) - not; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna; तुल्य (tulya) - equal; गुणः (guṇaḥ) - in qualities; पुमान् (pumān) - man;]
(By goodness, action, connection, intelligence, nature, fame, and wealth, there has never been nor will there be a man equal in qualities to Krishna.)
There has never been nor will there be a man whose qualities are equal to those of Krishna, through goodness, action, intelligence, nature, fame, or wealth.
सत्यधर्मपरो दाता विप्रपूजादिभिर्गुणैः। सदैव त्रिदिवं प्राप्तो राजा किल युधिष्ठिरः ॥७-३३-३॥
satyadharmaparo dātā viprapūjādibhirguṇaiḥ। sadaiva tridivaṃ prāpto rājā kila yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ॥7-33-3॥
[सत्यधर्मपरो (satyadharmaparo) - dedicated to truth and righteousness; दाता (dātā) - giver; विप्रपूजादिभिः (viprapūjādibhiḥ) - by honoring the learned and others; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with virtues; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; त्रिदिवं (tridivaṃ) - to heaven; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained; राजा (rājā) - king; किल (kila) - indeed; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira;]
(Dedicated to truth and righteousness, the giver, by honoring the learned and others with virtues, always attained heaven, indeed King Yudhishthira.)
King Yudhishthira, who was dedicated to truth and righteousness and honored the learned and others with virtues, always attained heaven.
युगान्ते चान्तको राजञ्जामदग्न्यश्च वीर्यवान्। रणस्थो भीमसेनश्च कथ्यन्ते सदृशास्त्रयः ॥७-३३-४॥
yugānte cāntako rājañjāmadagnyaśca vīryavān। raṇastho bhīmasenaśca kathyante sadṛśāstrayaḥ ॥7-33-4॥
[युगान्ते (yugānte) - at the end of an age; च (ca) - and; अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - the ender; राजन् (rājan) - O king; जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - son of Jamadagni; च (ca) - and; वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful; रणस्थः (raṇasthaḥ) - standing in battle; भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena; च (ca) - and; कथ्यन्ते (kathyante) - are said; सदृशाः (sadṛśāḥ) - similar; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three;]
(At the end of an age, the ender, O king, the son of Jamadagni, powerful, standing in battle, Bhimasena, and are said to be similar, three.)
At the end of an age, O king, it is said that the powerful son of Jamadagni, the ender, and Bhimasena, standing in battle, are similar, these three.
प्रतिज्ञाकर्मदक्षस्य रणे गाण्डीवधन्वनः। उपमां नाधिगच्छामि पार्थस्य सदृशीं क्षितौ ॥७-३३-५॥
pratijñākarmadakṣasya raṇe gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ। upamāṃ nādhigacchāmi pārthasya sadṛśīṃ kṣitau ॥7-33-5॥
[प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - vow; कर्म (karma) - action; दक्षस्य (dakṣasya) - of the skilled; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; गाण्डीव (gāṇḍīva) - Gandiva; धन्वनः (dhanvanaḥ) - of the bowman; उपमाम् (upamām) - comparison; न (na) - not; अधिगच्छामि (adhigacchāmi) - I find; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha; सदृशीम् (sadṛśīm) - equal; क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on earth;]
(Of the skilled in vow and action, in battle, of the Gandiva bowman, I find no comparison on earth equal to Partha.)
I find no one on earth who can match Partha, the skilled bowman with the Gandiva, in fulfilling vows and actions in battle.
गुरुवात्सल्यमत्यन्तं नैभृत्यं विनयो दमः। नकुलेऽप्रातिरूप्यं च शौर्यं च नियतानि षट् ॥७-३३-६॥
guruvātsalyamatyantaṃ naibhṛtyaṃ vinayo damaḥ। nakule'prātirūpyaṃ ca śauryaṃ ca niyatāni ṣaṭ ॥7-33-6॥
[गुरु (guru) - teacher; वात्सल्यम् (vātsalyam) - affection; अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - extreme; नैभृत्यम् (naibhṛtyam) - humility; विनयः (vinayaḥ) - modesty; दमः (damaḥ) - self-control; नकुले (nakule) - in Nakula; अप्रातिरूप्यम् (aprātirūpyam) - unattractiveness; च (ca) - and; शौर्यम् (śauryam) - valor; च (ca) - and; नियतानि (niyatāni) - fixed; षट् (ṣaṭ) - six;]
(The teacher's extreme affection, humility, modesty, and self-control; in Nakula, unattractiveness and valor are the six fixed qualities.)
The teacher's extreme affection, humility, modesty, and self-control, along with Nakula's unattractiveness and valor, are the six fixed qualities.
श्रुतगाम्भीर्यमाधुर्यसत्त्ववीर्यपराक्रमैः। सदृशो देवयोर्वीरः सहदेवः किलाश्विनोः ॥७-३३-७॥
śrutagāmbhīryamādhuryasattvavīryaparākramaiḥ। sadṛśo devayorvīraḥ sahadevaḥ kilāśvinoḥ ॥7-33-7॥
[श्रुत (śruta) - heard; गाम्भीर्य (gāmbhīrya) - depth; माधुर्य (mādhurya) - sweetness; सत्त्व (sattva) - essence; वीर्य (vīrya) - strength; पराक्रमैः (parākramaiḥ) - by valor; सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar; देवयोः (devayoḥ) - of the gods; वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero; सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva; किल (kila) - indeed; अश्विनोः (aśvinoḥ) - to the Ashvins;]
(By the depth, sweetness, essence, strength, and valor heard, the hero Sahadeva is indeed similar to the gods, to the Ashvins.)
Sahadeva, known for his profound depth, sweetness, essence, strength, and valor, is indeed comparable to the divine Ashvins.
ये च कृष्णे गुणाः स्फीताः पाण्डवेषु च ये गुणाः। अभिमन्यौ किलैकस्था दृश्यन्ते गुणसञ्चयाः ॥७-३३-८॥
ye ca kṛṣṇe guṇāḥ sphītāḥ pāṇḍaveṣu ca ye guṇāḥ। abhimanyau kilaikasthā dṛśyante guṇasañcayāḥ ॥7-33-8॥
[ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - in Krishna; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; स्फीताः (sphītāḥ) - abundant; पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - in the Pandavas; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - those who; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; अभिमन्यौ (abhimanyau) - in Abhimanyu; किल (kila) - indeed; एकस्था (ekasthā) - united; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; गुणसञ्चयाः (guṇasañcayāḥ) - collection of qualities;]
(Those qualities which are abundant in Krishna and those qualities which are in the Pandavas, indeed, the collection of qualities are seen united in Abhimanyu.)
The abundant qualities found in Krishna and the Pandavas are indeed seen collectively united in Abhimanyu.
युधिष्ठिरस्य धैर्येण कृष्णस्य चरितेन च। कर्मभिर्भीमसेनस्य सदृशो भीमकर्मणः ॥७-३३-९॥
yudhiṣṭhirasya dhairyeṇa kṛṣṇasya caritena ca। karmabhirbhīmasenasya sadṛśo bhīmakarmaṇaḥ ॥7-33-9॥
[युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; धैर्येण (dhairyeṇa) - by the courage; कृष्णस्य (kṛṣṇasya) - of Krishna; चरितेन (caritena) - by the conduct; च (ca) - and; कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by the deeds; भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhimasena; सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - like; भीमकर्मणः (bhīmakarmaṇaḥ) - of the one who performs mighty deeds;]
(By the courage of Yudhishthira, by the conduct of Krishna, and by the deeds of Bhimasena, like the one who performs mighty deeds.)
The courage of Yudhishthira, the conduct of Krishna, and the deeds of Bhimasena are like those of a person who performs mighty deeds.
धनञ्जयस्य रूपेण विक्रमेण श्रुतेन च। विनयात्सहदेवस्य सदृशो नकुलस्य च ॥७-३३-१०॥
dhanañjayasya rūpeṇa vikrameṇa śrutena ca। vinayātsahadevasya sadṛśo nakulasya ca ॥7-33-10॥
[धनञ्जयस्य (dhanañjayasya) - of Dhananjaya; रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - in form; विक्रमेण (vikrameṇa) - in valor; श्रुतेन (śrutena) - in learning; च (ca) - and; विनयात् (vinayāt) - in humility; सहदेवस्य (sahadevasya) - of Sahadeva; सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar; नकुलस्य (nakulasya) - of Nakula; च (ca) - and;]
(In form like Dhananjaya, in valor, in learning, and in humility like Sahadeva, similar to Nakula.)
He was like Dhananjaya in form, valor, and learning, and like Sahadeva in humility, similar to Nakula.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
अभिमन्युमहं सूत सौभद्रमपराजितम्। श्रोतुमिच्छामि कार्त्स्न्येन कथमायोधने हतः ॥७-३३-११॥
abhimanyumahaṃ sūta saubhadramaparājitam। śrotumicchāmi kārtsnyena kathamayodhane hataḥ ॥7-33-11॥
[अभिमन्युम् (abhimanyum) - Abhimanyu; अहम् (aham) - I; सूत (sūta) - O charioteer; सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - son of Subhadra; अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - unconquered; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - in detail; कथम (katham) - how; आयोधने (ayodhane) - in battle; हतः (hataḥ) - was slain;]
(I wish to hear in detail, O charioteer, how Abhimanyu, the unconquered son of Subhadra, was slain in battle.)
I wish to hear in detail, O charioteer, how the invincible son of Subhadra, Abhimanyu, was killed in the battle.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
चक्रव्यूहो महाराज आचार्येणाभिकल्पितः। तत्र शक्रोपमाः सर्वे राजानो विनिवेशिताः ॥७-३३-१२॥
cakravyūho mahārāja ācāryeṇābhikalpitaḥ। tatra śakropamāḥ sarve rājāno viniveśitāḥ ॥7-33-12॥
[चक्रव्यूहः (cakravyūhaḥ) - circular formation; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; आचार्येण (ācāryeṇa) - by the teacher; अभिकल्पितः (abhikalpitaḥ) - was devised; तत्र (tatra) - there; शक्रोपमाः (śakropamāḥ) - like Indra; सर्वे (sarve) - all; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; विनिवेशिताः (viniveśitāḥ) - were positioned;]
(The circular formation, O great king, was devised by the teacher. There, all the kings, like Indra, were positioned.)
O great king, the teacher devised the circular formation where all the kings, comparable to Indra, were strategically positioned.
सङ्घातो राजपुत्राणां सर्वेषामभवत्तदा। कृताभिसमयाः सर्वे सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः ॥७-३३-१३॥
saṅghāto rājaputrāṇāṃ sarveṣām abhavat tadā। kṛtābhisamayāḥ sarve suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ ॥7-33-13॥
[सङ्घातः (saṅghātaḥ) - assembly; राजपुत्राणाम् (rājaputrāṇām) - of princes; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; तदा (tadā) - then; कृताभिसमयाः (kṛtābhisamayāḥ) - having made agreements; सर्वे (sarve) - all; सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः (suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ) - with golden banners;]
(Then there was an assembly of all the princes, all having made agreements, with golden banners.)
At that time, all the princes gathered together, having made agreements, and they all had banners made of gold.
रक्ताम्बरधराः सर्वे सर्वे रक्तविभूषणाः। सर्वे रक्तपताकाश्च सर्वे वै हेममालिनः ॥७-३३-१४॥
raktāmbaradharāḥ sarve sarve raktavibhūṣaṇāḥ। sarve raktapatākāśca sarve vai hemamālinaḥ ॥7-33-14॥
[रक्ताम्बरधराः (raktāmbaradharāḥ) - wearing red garments; सर्वे (sarve) - all; सर्वे (sarve) - all; रक्तविभूषणाः (raktavibhūṣaṇāḥ) - adorned with red ornaments; सर्वे (sarve) - all; रक्तपताकाः (raktapatākāḥ) - with red banners; च (ca) - and; सर्वे (sarve) - all; वै (vai) - indeed; हेममालिनः (hemamālinaḥ) - wearing golden garlands;]
(All wearing red garments, all adorned with red ornaments, all with red banners, and all indeed wearing golden garlands.)
They were all dressed in red garments, adorned with red ornaments, carrying red banners, and wearing golden garlands.
तेषां दशसहस्राणि बभूवुर्दृढधन्विनाम्। पौत्रं तव पुरस्कृत्य लक्ष्मणं प्रियदर्शनम् ॥७-३३-१५॥
teṣāṃ daśasahasrāṇi babhūvur dṛḍhadhanvinām। pautraṃ tava puraskṛtya lakṣmaṇaṃ priyadarśanam ॥7-33-15॥
[तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; दश (daśa) - ten; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - became; दृढधन्विनाम् (dṛḍhadhanvinām) - of strong archers; पौत्रम् (pautram) - grandson; तव (tava) - your; पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front; लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakshmana; प्रियदर्शनम् (priyadarśanam) - pleasing to the sight;]
(Of them, ten thousand strong archers became, having placed your grandson Lakshmana, pleasing to the sight, in front.)
Ten thousand strong archers, led by your pleasing grandson Lakshmana, came into being.
अन्योन्यसमदुःखास्ते अन्योन्यसमसाहसाः। अन्योन्यं स्पर्धमानाश्च अन्योन्यस्य हिते रताः ॥७-३३-१६॥
anyonyasamaduḥkhāste anyonyasamasāhasāḥ। anyonyaṃ spardhamānāśca anyonyasya hite ratāḥ ॥7-33-16॥
[अन्योन्य (anyonya) - mutual; समदुःखाः (samaduḥkhāḥ) - equal in sorrow; ते (te) - they; अन्योन्य (anyonya) - mutual; समसाहसाः (samasāhasāḥ) - equal in effort; अन्योन्यं (anyonyaṃ) - each other; स्पर्धमानाः (spardhamānāḥ) - competing; च (ca) - and; अन्योन्यस्य (anyonyasya) - each other's; हिते (hite) - welfare; रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged;]
(They are mutually equal in sorrow and effort, competing with each other and engaged in each other's welfare.)
They share each other's sorrows and efforts equally, compete with one another, and are dedicated to each other's well-being.
कर्णदुःशासनकृपैर्वृतो राजा महारथैः। देवराजोपमः श्रीमाञ्श्वेतच्छत्राभिसंवृतः ॥ चामरव्यजनाक्षेपैरुदयन्निव भास्करः ॥७-३३-१७॥
karṇaduḥśāsanakṛpairvṛto rājā mahārathaiḥ। devarājopamaḥ śrīmāñśvetacchatrābhisaṁvṛtaḥ ॥ cāmaravyajanākṣepairudayanniva bhāskaraḥ ॥7-33-17॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; दुःशासन (duḥśāsana) - Duhshasana; कृपैः (kṛpaiḥ) - by Kripa; वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded; राजा (rājā) - the king; महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers; देवराज (devarāja) - like the king of gods; उपमः (upamaḥ) - comparable; श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious; श्वेतच्छत्र (śvetacchatra) - with a white umbrella; अभिसंवृतः (abhisaṁvṛtaḥ) - covered; चामर (cāmara) - with fans; व्यजन (vyajana) - and whisks; आक्षेपैः (ākṣepaiḥ) - by the waving; उदयन् (udayan) - rising; इव (iva) - like; भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun;]
(Surrounded by Karna, Duhshasana, and Kripa, the king, comparable to the king of gods, glorious, covered with a white umbrella, with fans and whisks waving, rising like the sun.)
The king, surrounded by great charioteers like Karna, Duhshasana, and Kripa, appeared glorious, comparable to the king of gods, covered with a white umbrella, and with fans and whisks waving, he rose like the sun.
प्रमुखे तस्य सैन्यस्य द्रोणोऽवस्थितनायके। सिन्धुराजस्तथातिष्ठच्छ्रीमान्मेरुरिवाचलः ॥७-३३-१८॥
pramukhe tasya sainyasya droṇo'vasthitanāyake। sindhurājastathātiṣṭhacchrīmānmerurivācalaḥ ॥7-33-18॥
[प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the front; तस्य (tasya) - of his; सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - army; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona; अवस्थितनायके (avasthitanāyake) - standing as the leader; सिन्धुराजः (sindhurājaḥ) - Sindhu king; तथा (tathā) - also; अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - stood; श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious; मेरुः (meruḥ) - Meru; इव (iva) - like; अचलः (acalaḥ) - mountain;]
(At the front of his army, Drona stood as the leader. The Sindhu king also stood, glorious like the mountain Meru.)
At the forefront of his army, Drona stood as the commander. Similarly, the Sindhu king stood there, majestic like the mountain Meru.
सिन्धुराजस्य पार्श्वस्था अश्वत्थामपुरोगमाः। सुतास्तव महाराज त्रिंशत्त्रिदशसंनिभाः ॥७-३३-१९॥
sindhurājasya pārśvasthā aśvatthāmapurogamāḥ। sutāstava mahārāja triṁśattridaśasaṁnibhāḥ ॥7-33-19॥
[सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of Sindhuraja; पार्श्वस्था (pārśvasthā) - standing beside; अश्वत्थामपुरोगमाः (aśvatthāmapurogamāḥ) - led by Ashwatthama; सुताः (sutāḥ) - sons; तव (tava) - your; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; त्रिंशत् (triṁśat) - thirty; त्रिदशसंनिभाः (tridaśasaṁnibhāḥ) - resembling the gods;]
(Standing beside Sindhuraja, led by Ashwatthama, your sons, O great king, thirty in number, resembling the gods.)
O great king, your sons, thirty in number and resembling the gods, stood beside Sindhuraja, led by Ashwatthama.
गान्धारराजः कितवः शल्यो भूरिश्रवास्तथा। पार्श्वतः सिन्धुराजस्य व्यराजन्त महारथाः ॥७-३३-२०॥
gāndhārarājaḥ kitavaḥ śalyo bhūriśravāstathā। pārśvataḥ sindhurājasya vyarājanta mahārathāḥ ॥7-33-20॥
[गान्धारराजः (gāndhārarājaḥ) - King of Gandhara; कितवः (kitavaḥ) - gambler; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya; भूरिश्रवाः (bhūriśravāḥ) - Bhūrishravas; तथा (tathā) - and; पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - beside; सिन्धुराजस्य (sindhurājasya) - of the King of Sindhu; व्याराजन्त (vyarājanta) - shone; महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers;]
(The King of Gandhara, the gambler Shalya, and Bhūrishravas shone beside the King of Sindhu as great charioteers.)
The King of Gandhara, Shalya the gambler, and Bhūrishravas stood out prominently beside the King of Sindhu as great warriors.
