12.095
वामदेव उवाच॥
vāmadeva uvāca॥
[वामदेव (vāmadeva) - Vāmadeva; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Vāmadeva said.)
Vāmadeva said.
अयुद्धेनैव विजयं वर्धयेद्वसुधाधिपः। जघन्यमाहुर्विजयं यो युद्धेन नराधिप ॥१२-९५-१॥
ayuddhenaiva vijayaṃ vardhayed vasudhādhipaḥ। jaghanyam āhur vijayaṃ yo yuddhena narādhipaḥ॥12-95-1॥
[अयुद्धेन (ayuddhena) - by non-war; एव (eva) - indeed; विजयम् (vijayam) - victory; वर्धयेत् (vardhayet) - should increase; वसुधाधिपः (vasudhādhipaḥ) - the lord of the earth; जघन्यम् (jaghanyam) - lowest; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; विजयम् (vijayam) - victory; यः (yaḥ) - who; युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by war; नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - king;]
(The lord of the earth should indeed increase victory by non-war. They say the lowest victory is that which a king achieves by war.)
The king should strive to achieve victory through non-violent means; victory gained by war is considered the lowest kind.
न चाप्यलब्धं लिप्सेत मूले नातिदृढे सति। न हि दुर्बलमूलस्य राज्ञो लाभो विधीयते ॥१२-९५-२॥
na cāpy alabdhaṃ lipseta mūle nātidṛḍhe sati। na hi durbalamūlasya rājño lābho vidhīyate ॥12-95-2॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अलब्धं (alabdhaṃ) - not obtained; लिप्सेत (lipseta) - should desire; मूले (mūle) - in the root; न (na) - not; अतिदृढे (atidṛḍhe) - very firm; सति (sati) - being; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; दुर्बलमूलस्य (durbalamūlasya) - of one with a weak root; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of a king; लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain; विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is accomplished;]
(And one should not desire what is not obtained when the root is not very firm; indeed, for a king with a weak root, gain is not accomplished.)
One should not seek what has not been attained if the foundation is not strong; for a king whose foundation is weak, success cannot be achieved.
यस्य स्फीतो जनपदः सम्पन्नः प्रियराजकः। सन्तुष्टपुष्टसचिवो दृढमूलः स पार्थिवः ॥१२-९५-३॥
yasya sphīto janapadaḥ sampannaḥ priyarājakaḥ। santuṣṭapuṣṭasacivo dṛḍhamūlaḥ sa pārthivaḥ ॥12-95-3॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; स्फीतः (sphītaḥ) - prosperous; जनपदः (janapadaḥ) - country; सम्पन्नः (sampannaḥ) - endowed; प्रिय (priya) - dear; राजकः (rājakaḥ) - king; सन्तुष्ट (santuṣṭa) - contented; पुष्ट (puṣṭa) - nourished; सचिवः (sacivaḥ) - minister; दृढमूलः (dṛḍhamūlaḥ) - firm-rooted; सः (saḥ) - he; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king;]
(Of whom the country is prosperous, endowed, the king is dear, the minister is contented and nourished, and the root is firm, he is the king.)
He is the true king whose country is prosperous and endowed, whose rule is dear to the people, whose ministers are content and nourished, and whose foundation is firm.
यस्य योधाः सुसन्तुष्टाः सान्त्विताः सूपधास्थिताः। अल्पेनापि स दण्डेन महीं जयति भूमिपः ॥१२-९५-४॥
yasya yodhāḥ susantuṣṭāḥ sāntvitāḥ sūpadhāsthitāḥ। alpenāpi sa daṇḍena mahīṃ jayati bhūmipaḥ॥12-95-4॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; सुसन्तुष्टाः (susantuṣṭāḥ) - well-contented; सान्त्विताः (sāntvitāḥ) - pacified; सूपधास्थिताः (sūpadhāsthitāḥ) - well-settled in position; अल्पेनापि (alpenāpi) - even with little; स (sa) - he; दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - with punishment (discipline); महीं (mahīṃ) - the earth; जयति (jayati) - conquers; भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - king;]
(Of whom the warriors are well-contented, pacified, well-settled in position, even with little punishment (discipline), he conquers the earth, the king.)
A king whose warriors are content, pacified, and well-settled in their positions, even with little discipline, conquers the earth.
पौरजानपदा यस्य स्वनुरक्ताः सुपूजिताः। सधना धान्यवन्तश्च दृढमूलः स पार्थिवः ॥१२-९५-५॥
paurajanapadā yasya svanuraktāḥ supūjitāḥ। sadhanā dhānyavantaś ca dṛḍhamūlaḥ sa pārthivaḥ ॥12-95-5॥
[पौर (paura) - of townsmen; जनपदाः (janapadāḥ) - and countrymen; यस्य (yasya) - whose; स्व (sva) - own; अनुरक्ताः (anuraktāḥ) - attached; सुपूजिताः (supūjitāḥ) - well-honored; सधना (sadhanā) - with wealth; धान्यवन्तः (dhānyavantaḥ) - possessing grain; च (ca) - and; दृढमूलः (dṛḍhamūlaḥ) - firm-rooted; सः (saḥ) - he; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king;]
(Of whom the townsmen and countrymen are attached to their own (king), well-honored, with wealth, possessing grain, and firm-rooted—he is the king.)
He is the king whose townsmen and countrymen are devoted to him, well-honored, prosperous, possessing grain, and firmly established.
प्रभावकालावधिकौ यदा मन्येत चात्मनः। तदा लिप्सेत मेधावी परभूमिं धनान्युत ॥१२-९५-६॥
prabhāvakālāvadhikau yadā manyeta cātmanaḥ। tadā lipseta medhāvī parabhūmiṃ dhanānyuta ॥12-95-6॥
[प्रभाव (prabhāva) - influence; power; काल (kāla) - time; अवधिकौ (avadhikau) - having a limit; (dual); यदा (yadā) - when; मन्येत (manyeta) - one thinks; considers; च (ca) - and; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; तदा (tadā) - then; लिप्सेत (lipseta) - should desire; wish to obtain; मेधावी (medhāvī) - the wise; intelligent; परभूमिं (parabhūmiṃ) - another's land; foreign territory; धनानि (dhanāni) - wealths; riches; उत (uta) - and; also;]
(When one considers the influence and time as having a limit for oneself, then the wise should desire to obtain another's land and also wealths.)
When a person realizes that their influence and lifespan are limited, then the wise should seek to acquire the lands and wealth of others.
भोगेष्वदयमानस्य भूतेषु च दयावतः। वर्धते त्वरमाणस्य विषयो रक्षितात्मनः ॥१२-९५-७॥
bhogeṣvadayamānasya bhūteṣu ca dayāvataḥ। vardhate tvaramāṇasya viṣayo rakṣitātmanaḥ ॥12-95-7॥
[भोगेषु (bhogeṣu) - in enjoyments; अदयमानस्य (adayamānasya) - of one who is not getting attached; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - towards beings; च (ca) - and; दयावतः (dayāvataḥ) - of the compassionate one; वर्धते (vardhate) - increases; त्वरमाणस्य (tvaramāṇasya) - of the one who is hasty; विषयः (viṣayaḥ) - object (of enjoyment); रक्षितात्मनः (rakṣitātmanaḥ) - of one who has controlled himself;]
(In enjoyments, of one who is not getting attached; towards beings, and, of the compassionate one; increases, of the one who is hasty, the object (of enjoyment), of one who has controlled himself.)
For one who is not attached to enjoyments and is compassionate towards beings, the objects of enjoyment increase quickly for the self-controlled person.
तक्षत्यात्मानमेवैष वनं परशुना यथा। यः सम्यग्वर्तमानेषु स्वेषु मिथ्या प्रवर्तते ॥१२-९५-८॥
takṣaty ātmānam eva eṣa vanaṃ paraśunā yathā। yaḥ samyag vartamāneṣu sveṣu mithyā pravartate ॥12-95-8॥
[तक्षति (takṣati) - cuts; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; एव (eva) - indeed; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one; वनम् (vanam) - forest; परशुना (paraśunā) - with an axe; यथा (yathā) - just as; यः (yaḥ) - who; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; वर्तमानेषु (vartamāneṣu) - in present circumstances; स्वेषु (sveṣu) - in one's own; मिथ्या (mithyā) - wrongly; प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts;]
(This one indeed cuts himself just as (one cuts) a forest with an axe; who wrongly acts in his own present circumstances.)
Just as a person cuts down a forest with an axe, so too does one destroy oneself by acting wrongly in one's own present circumstances.
न वै द्विषन्तः क्षीयन्ते राज्ञो नित्यमपि घ्नतः। क्रोधं नियन्तुं यो वेद तस्य द्वेष्टा न विद्यते ॥१२-९५-९॥
na vai dviṣantaḥ kṣīyante rājño nityam api ghnataḥ। krodhaṃ niyantuṃ yo veda tasya dveṣṭā na vidyate॥12-95-9॥
[न (na) - not; वै (vai) - indeed; द्विषन्तः (dviṣantaḥ) - those who hate; क्षीयन्ते (kṣīyante) - are destroyed; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अपि (api) - even; घ्नतः (ghnataḥ) - striking; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; नियन्तुम् (niyantum) - to restrain; यः (yaḥ) - who; वेद (veda) - knows; तस्य (tasya) - of him; द्वेष्टा (dveṣṭā) - hater; न (na) - not; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists;]
(Not indeed those who hate are destroyed by the king always even striking. Anger to restrain who knows, of him hater not exists.)
Those who hate are not always destroyed by the king, even if he strikes constantly. For the one who knows how to restrain anger, there is no one who hates him.
यदार्यजनविद्विष्टं कर्म तन्नाचरेद्बुधः। यत्कल्याणमभिध्यायेत्तत्रात्मानं नियोजयेत् ॥१२-९५-१०॥
yad ārya-jana-vidviṣṭaṃ karma tan nācared budhaḥ। yat kalyāṇam abhidhyāyet tatra ātmānaṃ niyojayet ॥12-95-10॥
[यत् (yat) - which; आर्यजन (ārya-jana) - noble people; विद्विष्टं (vidviṣṭam) - disliked; कर्म (karma) - action; तत् (tat) - that; न (na) - not; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform; बुधः (budhaḥ) - wise person; यत् (yat) - which; कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - auspicious; अभिध्यायेत् (abhidhyāyet) - should contemplate; तत्र (tatra) - in that; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; नियोजयेत् (niyojayet) - should engage;]
(Which action is disliked by noble people, that a wise person should not perform. Which is auspicious, on that one should contemplate, in that one should engage oneself.)
A wise person should not perform actions that are disliked by noble people. One should contemplate what is auspicious and engage oneself in that.
नैनमन्येऽवजानन्ति नात्मना परितप्यते। कृत्यशेषेण यो राजा सुखान्यनुबुभूषति ॥१२-९५-११॥
nainam anye'vajānanti nātmanā paritapyate। kṛtyaśeṣeṇa yo rājā sukhāny anububhūṣati ॥12-95-11॥
[न (na) - not; एनम् (enam) - him; अन्ये (anye) - others; अवजानन्ति (avajānanti) - despise; न (na) - not; आत्मना (ātmanā) - by himself; परितप्यते (paritapyate) - is tormented; कृत्यशेषेण (kṛtyaśeṣeṇa) - by remaining duties; यः (yaḥ) - who; राजा (rājā) - king; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; अनुबुभूषति (anububhūṣati) - desires to enjoy;]
(Not him others despise, not by himself is tormented; by remaining duties who king pleasures desires to enjoy.)
The king who wishes to enjoy pleasures without fulfilling his remaining duties is neither despised by others nor tormented by his own self.
इदंवृत्तं मनुष्येषु वर्तते यो महीपतिः। उभौ लोकौ विनिर्जित्य विजये सम्प्रतिष्ठते ॥१२-९५-१२॥
idaṃ vṛttaṃ manuṣyeṣu vartate yo mahīpatiḥ। ubhau lokau vinirjitya vijaye sampratiṣṭhate ॥12-95-12॥
[इदं (idaṃ) - this; वृत्तं (vṛttam) - event; मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among men; वर्तते (vartate) - occurs; यः (yaḥ) - who; महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king; उभौ (ubhau) - both; लोकौ (lokau) - worlds; विनिर्जित्य (vinirjitya) - having completely conquered; विजये (vijaye) - in victory; सम्प्रतिष्ठते (sampratiṣṭhate) - establishes himself;]
(This event occurs among men: the king who, having completely conquered both worlds, establishes himself in victory.)
This is what happens among men: the king who conquers both worlds establishes himself in victory.
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
इत्युक्तो वामदेवेन सर्वं तत्कृतवान्नृपः। तथा कुर्वंस्त्वमप्येतौ लोकौ जेता न संशयः ॥१२-९५-१३॥
ityukto vāmadevena sarvaṃ tatkṛtvān nṛpaḥ। tathā kurvan tvam apy etau lokau jetā na saṃśayaḥ॥12-95-13॥
[इति (iti) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been told; वामदेवेन (vāmadevena) - by Vāmadeva; सर्वं (sarvam) - all; तत् (tat) - that; कृतवान् (kṛtvān) - having done; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king; तथा (tathā) - in that way; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अपि (api) - also; एतौ (etau) - these two; लोकौ (lokau) - worlds; जेता (jetā) - conqueror; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(Thus having been told by Vāmadeva, the king did all that. In that way, you also, doing (so), will be the conqueror of these two worlds; there is no doubt.)
Thus, when Vāmadeva had spoken, the king did everything as instructed. In the same way, if you act, you too will conquer both worlds; there is no doubt about it.
