12.201
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
के पूर्वमासन्पतयः प्रजानां भरतर्षभ। के चर्षयो महाभागा दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्मृताः ॥१२-२०१-१॥
O best of the Bharatas, who were the lords of beings in ancient times? And who are the greatly fortunate sages remembered in each direction?
भीष्म उवाच॥
Bhīṣma said.
श्रूयतां भरतश्रेष्ठ यन्मा त्वं परिपृच्छसि। प्रजानां पतयो ये स्म दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्मृताः ॥१२-२०१-२॥
O best of the Bharatas, listen to what you have asked me: the lords of the people who are remembered individually in each direction.
एकः स्वयम्भूर्भगवानाद्यो ब्रह्मा सनातनः। ब्रह्मणः सप्त पुत्रा वै महात्मानः स्वयम्भुवः ॥१२-२०१-३॥
There is one self-born, glorious, and eternal Brahmā, the first. From Brahmā, there are indeed seven great-souled sons of Svayambhu. ॥12-201-3॥
मरीचिरत्र्यङ्गिरसौ पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः। वसिष्ठश्च महाभागः सदृशा वै स्वयम्भुवा ॥१२-२०१-४॥
Marīci, Atri, Aṅgiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, and the highly blessed Vasiṣṭha were all similar to Svayambhū (Brahmā) himself.
सप्त ब्रह्माण इत्येष पुराणे निश्चयो गतः। अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि सर्वानेव प्रजापतीन् ॥१२-२०१-५॥
It has been established in the Purāṇa that there are seven Brahmās. Therefore, I shall now describe all the Prajāpatis.
अत्रिवंशसमुत्पन्नो ब्रह्मयोनिः सनातनः। प्राचीनबर्हिर्भगवांस्तस्मात्प्राचेतसो दश ॥१२-२०१-६॥
Prācīnabarhi, the eternal and venerable one, was born from the lineage of Atri and had Brahmā as his origin. From him came the ten Prācetasa descendants.
दशानां तनयस्त्वेको दक्षो नाम प्रजापतिः। तस्य द्वे नामनी लोके दक्षः क इति चोच्यते ॥१२-२०१-७॥
Of the ten, there is one son named Daksha, the Prajapati. He is known in the world by two names: Daksha and Ka.
मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रस्तस्य द्वे नामनी श्रुते। अरिष्टनेमिरित्येकं कश्यपेत्यपरं विदुः ॥१२-२०१-८॥
Kaśyapa, the son of Marīci, is known by two names: one is Ariṣṭanemi and the other is Kaśyapa.
अङ्गश्चैवौरसः श्रीमान्राजा भौमश्च वीर्यवान्। सहस्रं यश्च दिव्यानां युगानां पर्युपासिता ॥१२-२०१-९॥
Aṅga, the legitimate son, the illustrious king, and Bhauma, who was powerful, was worshipped for a thousand divine ages.
अर्यमा चैव भगवान्ये चान्ये तनया विभो। एते प्रदेशाः कथिता भुवनानां प्रभावनाः ॥१२-२०१-१०॥
Aryaman, the blessed one, and other sons, O mighty one; these regions have been described as the sources of power for the worlds.
शशबिन्दोश्च भार्याणां सहस्राणि दशाच्युत। एकैकस्यां सहस्रं तु तनयानामभूत्तदा ॥१२-२०१-११॥
O Acyuta, Śaśabindu had ten thousand wives, and in each one, there were a thousand sons at that time.
एवं शतसहस्राणां शतं तस्य महात्मनः। पुत्राणां न च ते कञ्चिदिच्छन्त्यन्यं प्रजापतिम् ॥१२-२०१-१२॥
Thus, among the hundred thousands, a hundred sons of that great-souled one, none of them desire any other progenitor.
प्रजामाचक्षते विप्राः पौराणीं शाशबिन्दवीम्। स वृष्णिवंशप्रभवो महान्वंशः प्रजापतेः ॥१२-२०१-१३॥
The sages speak of the ancient lineage of Śāśabindu. This great lineage, descended from the Vṛṣṇis, is that of Prajāpati.
एते प्रजानां पतयः समुद्दिष्टा यशस्विनः। अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि देवांस्त्रिभुवनेश्वरान् ॥१२-२०१-१४॥
These illustrious lords of beings have been listed. Now, I will describe the gods, the rulers of the three worlds.
भगोंऽशश्चार्यमा चैव मित्रोऽथ वरुणस्तथा। सविता चैव धाता च विवस्वांश्च महाबलः ॥१२-२०१-१५॥
Bhaga, Aṁśa, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuṇa, Savitṛ, Dhātṛ, and Vivasvān—all of great strength—(are present here).
पूषा त्वष्टा तथैवेन्द्रो द्वादशो विष्णुरुच्यते। त एते द्वादशादित्याः कश्यपस्यात्मसम्भवाः ॥१२-२०१-१६॥
Pūṣā, Tvaṣṭā, and likewise Indra, and the twelfth, Viṣṇu, are so called. These twelve Ādityas are all born from Kaśyapa himself.
नासत्यश्चैव दस्रश्च स्मृतौ द्वावश्विनावपि। मार्ताण्डस्यात्मजावेतावष्टमस्य प्रजापतेः ॥१२-२०१-१७॥
Nāsatya and Dasra, the two Aśvins, are also remembered in tradition as the sons of Mārṭāṇḍa, the eighth son of Prajāpati.
त्वष्टुश्चैवात्मजः श्रीमान्विश्वरूपो महायशाः। अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यो विरूपाक्षोऽथ रैवतः ॥१२-२०१-१८॥
The prosperous and greatly renowned Viśvarūpa, son of Tvaṣṭṛ, as well as Ajaikapāt, Ahirbudhnya, Virūpākṣa, and then Raivata.
हरश्च बहुरूपश्च त्र्यम्बकश्च सुरेश्वरः। सावित्रश्च जयन्तश्च पिनाकी चापराजितः ॥ पूर्वमेव महाभागा वसवोऽष्टौ प्रकीर्तिताः ॥१२-२०१-१९॥
Hara, who is of many forms, three-eyed, lord of the gods; Savitṛ, Jayanta, the wielder of Pināka, and the unconquered one. Formerly, the eight Vasus, greatly fortunate, are proclaimed as such. 12-201-19.
एत एवंविधा देवा मनोरेव प्रजापतेः। ते च पूर्वे सुराश्चेति द्विविधाः पितरः स्मृताः ॥१२-२०१-२०॥
These gods of such kind are indeed considered to be of Manu, of Prajāpati. Both they and the former gods, thus, the ancestors are remembered as of two kinds.
शीलरूपरतास्त्वन्ये तथान्ये सिद्धसाध्ययोः। ऋभवो मरुतश्चैव देवानां चोदिता गणाः ॥१२-२०१-२१॥
Some are devoted to conduct and form; others are Siddhas and Sādhyas; the Ribhus, Maruts, and other groups of gods were also urged.
एवमेते समाम्नाता विश्वेदेवास्तथाश्विनौ। आदित्याः क्षत्रियास्तेषां विशस्तु मरुतस्तथा ॥१२-२०१-२२॥
Thus, these are enumerated together: the Viśvedevās and the Aśvins. The Ādityas are the kṣatriyas among them; the Maruts are the clans of those.
अश्विनौ तु मतौ शूद्रौ तपस्युग्रे समाहितौ। स्मृतास्त्वङ्गिरसो देवा ब्राह्मणा इति निश्चयः ॥१२-२०१-२३॥
The two Aśvins are regarded as Śūdras engaged in intense austerity. The Angirasa gods are remembered as Brāhmaṇas—this is the established conclusion.
इत्येतत्सर्वदेवानां चातुर्वर्ण्यं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥१२-२०१-२३॥
Thus, the fourfold division of all gods has been proclaimed.
एतान्वै प्रातरुत्थाय देवान्यस्तु प्रकीर्तयेत्। स्वजादन्यकृताच्चैव सर्वपापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥१२-२०१-२४॥
Whoever rises in the morning and recites these deities is freed from all sins, whether arising from one's own birth or from the actions of others.
यवक्रीतोऽथ रैभ्यश्च अर्वावसुपरावसू। औशिजश्चैव कक्षीवान्नलश्चाङ्गिरसः सुताः ॥१२-२०१-२५॥
Then Yavakrīta, Raibhya, Arvāvasu and Parāvasu, Aushija, Kakṣīvān, Nala, and the sons of Angiras.
ऋषेर्मेधातिथेः पुत्रः कण्वो बर्हिषदस्तथा। त्रैलोक्यभावनास्तात प्राच्यां सप्तर्षयस्तथा ॥१२-२०१-२६॥
O dear one, in the east, the seven sages—Kaṇva, the son of the sage Medhātithi, and Barhiṣad—are also known as the creators of the three worlds.
उन्मुचो विमुचश्चैव स्वस्त्यात्रेयश्च वीर्यवान्। प्रमुचश्चेध्मवाहश्च भगवांश्च दृढव्रतः ॥१२-२०१-२७॥
Unmucah, Vimucah, Svastyātreya, the powerful one, Pramucah, Edhmavāha, the venerable one, and the one of firm vow.
मित्रावरुणयोः पुत्रस्तथागस्त्यः प्रतापवान्। एते ब्रह्मर्षयो नित्यमाश्रिता दक्षिणां दिशम् ॥१२-२०१-२८॥
Agastya, the powerful son of Mitra and Varuṇa, and these Brahmarṣis always dwell in the southern direction.
रुषद्गुः कवषो धौम्यः परिव्याधश्च वीर्यवान्। एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव त्रितश्चैव महर्षयः ॥१२-२०१-२९॥
Ruṣadgu, Kavaṣa, Dhaumya, Parivyādha, and the powerful one; on one side, on the second, and on the third, the great sages (were present).
अत्रेः पुत्रश्च भगवांस्तथा सारस्वतः प्रभुः। एते नव महात्मानः पश्चिमामाश्रिता दिशम् ॥१२-२०१-३०॥
The son of Atri, the venerable one, and the lord Sarasvata, along with these nine great souls, have taken refuge in the western direction.
आत्रेयश्च वसिष्ठश्च कश्यपश्च महानृषिः। गौतमः सभरद्वाजो विश्वामित्रोऽथ कौशिकः ॥१२-२०१-३१॥
Ātreya, Vasiṣṭha, Kaśyapa, the great sage, Gautama with Bharadvāja, Viśvāmitra, and then Kauśika.
तथैव पुत्रो भगवानृचीकस्य महात्मनः। जमदग्निश्च सप्तैते उदीचीं दिशमाश्रिताः ॥१२-२०१-३२॥
Likewise, the son of the great-souled Ṛcīka, the venerable Jamadagni, along with these seven, went towards the northern direction.
एते प्रतिदिशं सर्वे कीर्तितास्तिग्मतेजसः। साक्षिभूता महात्मानो भुवनानां प्रभावनाः ॥१२-२०१-३३॥
All these, who have been mentioned in every direction, are of brilliant energy; they are great souls, witnesses, and the influencers of the worlds.
एवमेते महात्मानः स्थिताः प्रत्येकशो दिशः। एतेषां कीर्तनं कृत्वा सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥१२-२०१-३४॥
Thus, these great souls are established in every direction. By reciting their names, one is freed from all sins.
यस्यां यस्यां दिशि ह्येते तां दिशं शरणं गतः। मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यः स्वस्तिमांश्च गृहान्व्रजेत् ॥१२-२०१-३५॥
Whichever direction these people have gone for refuge, one is freed from all sins and, being prosperous, should return home.
