13.013
शुभाशुभकर्मफलम्
śubhāśubhakarmaphalam
[शुभ (śubha) - auspicious; pleasant; good; अशुभ (aśubha) - inauspicious; unpleasant; bad; कर्म (karma) - action; deed; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; result; outcome;]
(Auspicious, inauspicious action fruit;)
The result of auspicious and inauspicious actions.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
किं कर्तव्यं मनुष्येण लोकयात्राहितार्थिना। कथं वै लोकयात्रां तु किंशीलश्च समाचरेत् ॥१३-१३-१॥
kiṁ kartavyaṁ manuṣyeṇa lokayātrāhitārthinā। kathaṁ vai lokayātrāṁ tu kiṁśīlaś ca samācaret ॥13-13-1॥
[किं (kiṁ) - what; कर्तव्यं (kartavyam) - to be done; मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a human; लोकयात्रा (lokayātrā) - worldly conduct; हित (hita) - welfare; अर्थिना (arthinā) - by one desiring; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; वै (vai) - indeed; लोकयात्रां (lokayātrām) - worldly conduct; तु (tu) - but; किंशीलः (kiṁśīlaḥ) - of what character; च (ca) - and; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should perform;]
(What should be done by a human who desires the welfare of worldly conduct? How indeed should one of what character perform worldly conduct?)
What should a person who seeks the welfare of worldly life do? How, and with what character, should one conduct oneself in the world? (13-13-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
कायेन त्रिविधं कर्म वाचा चापि चतुर्विधम्। मनसा त्रिविधं चैव दश कर्मपथांस्त्यजेत् ॥१३-१३-२॥
kāyena trividhaṃ karma vācā cāpi caturvidham। manasā trividhaṃ caiva daśa karmapathāṃstyajet ॥13-13-2॥
[कायेन (kāyena) - by the body; त्रिविधं (trividham) - threefold; कर्म (karma) - action; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; चतुर्विधम् (caturvidham) - fourfold; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; त्रिविधं (trividham) - threefold; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; दश (daśa) - ten; कर्मपथान् (karmapathān) - paths of action; त्यजेत् (tyajet) - should abandon;]
(By the body, threefold action; by speech also fourfold; by mind, threefold indeed; ten paths of action should abandon.)
One should abandon the ten paths of action: three by the body, four by speech, and three by the mind. (13-13-2)
प्राणातिपातं स्तैन्यं च परदारमथापि च। त्रीणि पापानि कायेन सर्वतः परिवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१३-३॥
prāṇātipātaṃ stainyaṃ ca paradāram athāpi ca। trīṇi pāpāni kāyena sarvataḥ parivarjayet ॥13-13-3॥
[प्राण-अति-पातम् (prāṇa-ati-pātam) - life-excessive-striking; (killing living beings;) स्तैन्यम् (stainyam) - theft; च (ca) - and; पर-दारम् (para-dāram) - another's-wife; अथ (atha) - and; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three; पापानि (pāpāni) - sins; कायेन (kāyena) - by the body; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - entirely; परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - should avoid;]
(Life-excessive-striking, theft, and another's wife, and also; these three sins by the body entirely one should avoid.)
One should completely avoid these three bodily sins: killing living beings, theft, and adultery. (13-13-3)
असत्प्रलापं पारुष्यं पैशुन्यमनृतं तथा। चत्वारि वाचा राजेन्द्र न जल्पेन्नानुचिन्तयेत् ॥१३-१३-४॥
asatpralāpaṃ pāruṣyaṃ paiśunyamanṛtaṃ tathā। catvāri vācā rājendra na jalpennānucintayet ॥13-13-4॥
[असत् (asat) - untrue; not real; प्रलापं (pralāpaṃ) - babbling; idle talk; पारुष्यं (pāruṣyaṃ) - harshness; roughness; पैशुन्यम् (paiśunyam) - slander; tale-bearing; अनृतं (anṛtaṃ) - falsehood; untruth; तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; by words; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; O lord of kings; न (na) - not; जल्पेत् (jalpet) - should speak; should utter; न (na) - not; अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - should think upon; should reflect upon;]
(Untrue babbling, harshness, slander, falsehood also—these four by speech, O king, one should not speak, nor should one think upon.)
O king, one should neither speak nor even contemplate these four kinds of speech: untrue babbling, harshness, slander, and falsehood. (13-13-4)
अनभिध्या परस्वेषु सर्वसत्त्वेषु सौहृदम्। कर्मणां फलमस्तीति त्रिविधं मनसा चरेत् ॥१३-१३-५॥
anabhidhyā parasveṣu sarvasattveṣu sauhṛdam। karmaṇāṃ phalamastīti trividham manasā caret ॥13-13-5॥
[अनभिध्या (anabhidhyā) - non-covetousness; परस्वेषु (parasveṣu) - in others' possessions; सर्वसत्त्वेषु (sarvasattveṣu) - towards all beings; सौहृदम् (sauhṛdam) - friendliness; कर्मणां (karmaṇāṃ) - of actions; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; अस्ति (asti) - is; इति (iti) - thus; त्रिविधम् (trividham) - threefold; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; चरेत् (caret) - should practice;]
(Non-covetousness in others' possessions; friendliness towards all beings; the fruit of actions is thus threefold; by mind should practice.)
One should practice, by mind, non-covetousness regarding others' possessions, friendliness towards all beings, and the understanding that the fruit of actions is threefold. (13-13-5)
तस्माद्वाक्कायमनसा नाचरेदशुभं नरः। शुभाशुभान्याचरन्हि तस्य तस्याश्नुते फलम् ॥१३-१३-६॥
tasmād vāk-kāya-manasā nā cared aśubhaṃ naraḥ। śubha-aśubhāni ācaran hi tasya tasya aśnute phalam ॥13-13-6॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; वाक् (vāk) - speech; काय (kāya) - body; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; न (na) - not; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should act; अशुभम् (aśubham) - unwholesome; नरः (naraḥ) - man; शुभ-अशुभानि (śubha-aśubhāni) - wholesome and unwholesome; आचरन् (ācaran) - acting; हि (hi) - indeed; तस्य (tasya) - of him; तस्य (tasya) - of him; अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains; फलम् (phalam) - fruit;]
(Therefore, by speech, body, and mind, a man should not act unwholesome; acting wholesome and unwholesome indeed, of him, of him, attains fruit.)
Therefore, a man should not perform unwholesome acts by speech, body, or mind; for by performing wholesome or unwholesome acts, he indeed attains the corresponding fruit. (13-13-6)
