13.024
daivapitryadānaphalam
The result of gifts given to the gods and ancestors.
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
śrāddhakāle ca daive ca dharme cāpi pitāmaha। icchāmīha tvayākhyātaṃ vihitaṃ yatsurarṣibhiḥ ॥13-24-1॥
O grandsire, I wish to hear from you here what has been declared and enjoined by the divine sages regarding śrāddha, divine rites, and dharma. (13-24-1)
bhīṣma uvāca॥
Bhishma said.
daivaṃ pūrvāhṇike kuryād aparāhṇe tu paitṛkam। maṅgalācārasampannaḥ kṛtaśaucaḥ prayatnavān ॥13-24-2॥
One should perform the divine rites in the forenoon and the ancestral rites in the afternoon, being endowed with auspicious conduct, having performed purification, and acting diligently. (13-24-2)
manuṣyāṇāṃ tu madhyāhne pradadyād upapattitaḥ। kālahīnaṃ tu yad dānaṃ taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-3॥
But among men, one should give at midday according to propriety; a gift given at an improper time, they know that portion as belonging to the demons. (13-24-3)
laṅghitaṃ cāvalīḍhaṃ ca kalipūrvaṃ ca yatkṛtam। rajasvalābhirdṛṣṭaṃ ca taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-4॥
They know that portion which has been crossed, eaten, previously touched by impurity, done, or seen by menstruating women, as belonging to the rakṣasas (demons). (13-24-4)
avaghūṣṭaṃ ca yadbhuktamavratena ca bhārata। parāmṛṣṭaṃ śunā caiva taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-5॥
O Bhārata, whatever has been touched or eaten by an impure person, or touched by a dog, that portion is considered to belong to the Rākṣasas. (13-24-5)
keśakīṭāvatitaṃ kṣutaṃ śvabhiravekṣitam। ruditaṃ cāvadhūtaṃ ca taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-6॥
They knew that portion which had hair, was fallen upon by insects, pecked, looked at by dogs, cried over, and rejected, as belonging to the demons. (13-24-6)
niroṅkāreṇa yadbhuktaṃ saśastreṇa ca bhārata। durātmanā ca yadbhuktaṃ taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-7॥
O Bhārata, whatever is consumed without omkāra, with weapons, or by the evil-minded, that portion is known to belong to the rākṣasas. (13-24-7)
parocchiṣṭaṃ ca yadbhuktaṃ paribhuktaṃ ca yadbhavet। daive pitrye ca satataṃ taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-8॥
Whatever has been eaten by another, or consumed, or may be so, in divine or ancestral rites, that portion is always known to be of the Rākṣasas. (13-24-8)
garhitaṃ ninditaṃ caiva pariviṣṭaṃ samanyunā। daivaṃ vāpyatha vā paitryaṃ taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-9॥
The Rākṣasas know that portion which is censured, blamed, and surrounded with anger, whether it is divine or ancestral. (13-24-9)
mantrahīnaṃ kriyāhīnaṃ yacchrāddhaṃ pariviṣyate। tribhirvarṇairnaraśreṣṭha taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ॥13-24-10॥
O best of men, the śrāddha ceremony which is performed without mantras and without proper ritual, and which is served by the three castes, is known to be the share of the rākṣasas (demons). (13-24-10)
ājyāhutiṃ vinā caiva yatkiñcit pariviṣyate। durācāraiś ca yad bhuktaṃ taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ॥13-24-11॥
Whatever is served without the offering of clarified butter, and whatever is eaten by those of bad conduct, that portion is known to belong to the demons. (13-24-11)
ye bhāgā rakṣasāṃ proktāsta uktā bharatarṣabha। ata ūrdhvaṃ visargasya parīkṣāṃ brāhmaṇe śṛṇu ॥13-24-12॥
O best of the Bharatas, those shares of the rākṣasas that have been declared have been stated; now, listen to the examination of the offering in the Brāhmaṇa. (13-24-12)
yāvantaḥ patitā viprā jaḍonmattāstathaiva ca। daive vāpyatha vā pitrye rājannārhanti ketanam ॥13-24-13॥
O king, as many Brāhmaṇas as are fallen, dull, or insane, likewise, whether in divine or ancestral rites, are not worthy of the banner of honor. (13-24-13)
śvitrī kuṣṭhī ca klībaś ca tathā yakṣma-hataś ca yaḥ। apasmārī ca yaś cāndho rājan nārhanti satkṛtim ॥13-24-14॥
O king, those who are afflicted with leucoderma, leprosy, impotence, consumption, epilepsy, or blindness are not worthy of honour. (13-24-14)
cikitsakā devalakā vṛthāniyamadhāriṇaḥ। somavikrayiṇaścaiva śrāddhe nārhanti ketanam ॥13-24-15॥
Physicians, temple-attendants, those who observe vows in vain, and sellers of soma are not fit to participate in a śrāddha ceremony. (13-24-15)
gāyanā nartakāścaiva plavakā vādakāstathā. kathakā yodhakāścaiva rājann arhanti ketanam ॥13-24-16॥
O king, singers, dancers, acrobats, musicians, storytellers, and fighters are not worthy of the banner. (13-24-16)
hotāro vṛṣalānāṃ ca vṛṣalādhyāpakāstathā। tathā vṛṣalaśiṣyāśca rājann arhanti ketanam ॥13-24-17॥
O king, priests of śūdras, teachers of śūdras, and students of śūdras are not worthy of the banner. (13-24-17)
anuyoktā ca yo vipro anuyuktaśca bhārata। nārhatastāvapi śrāddhaṃ brahmavikrayiṇau hi tau ॥13-24-18॥
O Bhārata, both the one who appoints and the brāhmaṇa who is appointed are not worthy even for śrāddha; indeed, those two are sellers of the Veda. (13-24-18)
agraṇīryaḥ kṛtaḥ pūrvaṃ varṇāvaraparigrahaḥ। brāhmaṇaḥ sarvavidyo'pi rājannārhati ketanam ॥13-24-19॥
O king, even a brāhmaṇa who is all-knowing, if he has previously associated with a lower class, does not deserve the banner. (13-24-19)
anagnayaś ca ye viprā mṛtaniryātakāś ca ye| stenāś ca patitāś caiva rājann arhanti ketanam ॥13-24-20॥
O king, those Brāhmaṇas who are without fire, those who have carried out the dead, as well as thieves and fallen ones, are not worthy of a dwelling. (13-24-20)
aparijñātapūrvāś ca gaṇapūrvāś ca bhārata। putrikāpūrvaputrāś ca śrāddhe nārhanti ketanam ॥13-24-21॥
O Bhārata, those whose ancestors are unknown, those descended from groups, and sons born of a daughter or previous sons, are not eligible to offer śrāddha offerings. (13-24-21)
ṛṇakartā ca yo rājanyaś ca vārdhuṣiko dvijaḥ। prāṇivikrayavṛttiś ca rājan nārhanti ketanam ॥13-24-22॥
O king, a debtor, a kṣatriya, a brāhmaṇa who is a usurer, and one whose livelihood is selling living beings, are not worthy of the sacrificial banner. (13-24-22)
strīpūrvāḥ kāṇḍapṛṣṭhāś ca yāvanto bharatarṣabha। ajapā brāhmaṇāś caiva śrāddhe nārhanti ketanam ॥13-24-23॥
O best of the Bharatas, those who are preceded by women, those with stalks as backs, as well as she-goats and Brāhmaṇas, are not fit to be accepted in the śrāddha ceremony. (13-24-23)
śrāddhe daive ca nirdiṣṭā brāhmaṇā bharatarṣabha। dātuḥ pratigrahītuś ca śṛṇuṣva anugrahaṃ punaḥ ॥13-24-24॥
O best of the Bharatas, the brāhmaṇas appointed for the śrāddha and divine rites, as well as the roles of giver and receiver—hear again about their favor. (13-24-24)
cīrṇavratā guṇairyuktā bhaveyurye'pi karṣakāḥ। sāvitrijñāḥ kriyāvantaste rājan ketanakṣamāḥ ॥13-24-25॥
O king, even those ploughmen who have performed vows, are endowed with virtues, know the Sāvitrī, and are performers of rites, they are worthy of distinction. (13-24-25)
kṣātradharmiṇam apy ājau ketayet kulajaṃ dvijam। na tveva vaṇijaṃ tāta śrāddheṣu parikalpayet ॥13-24-26॥
Even a kṣatriya may appoint a twice-born of good family in a sacrifice; but, O dear one, a merchant should never be appointed in śrāddha rites. (13-24-26)
agnihotrī ca yo vipro grāmavāsī ca yo bhavet। astenashcātithijñaśca sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-27॥
O king, a brāhmaṇa who performs agnihotra, lives in the village, is not a thief, and knows how to receive guests is fit to have a house. (13-24-27)
sāvitrīṃ japate yastu trikālaṃ bharatarṣabha। bhikṣāvṛttiḥ kriyāvāṃśca sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-28॥
O best of the Bharatas, he who recites the Sāvitrī (Gāyatrī mantra) three times a day, lives by alms, and is engaged in rites, O king, he is worthy of distinction. (13-24-28)
uditāstamito yaś ca tathaivāstamitoditaḥ। ahiṃsraś cālpadoṣaś ca sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-29॥
O king, he who rises and sets, and likewise sets and rises, who is non-injurious and of little fault, is fit to be the standard-bearer. (13-24-29)
akalkako hy atarkaś ca brāhmaṇo bharatarṣabha। sasañjño bhaikṣyavṛttiś ca sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-30॥
O bull of the Bharatas, he was a brāhmaṇa without guile, not argumentative, possessed of proper understanding, living by alms, and, O king, capable of maintaining a household. (13-24-30)
avratī kitavaḥ stenaḥ prāṇivikrayyatho vaṇik। paścācca pītavān somaṃ sa rājan ketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-31॥
A non-observer of vows, a gambler, a thief, a seller of living beings, and a merchant—afterwards, having drunk Soma, O king, he is fit for the sacrificial banner. (13-24-31)
arjayitvā dhanaṃ pūrvaṃ dāruṇaiḥ kṛṣikarmabhiḥ। bhavetsarvātithiḥ paścāts rājanketanakṣamaḥ ॥13-24-32॥
O king, after having previously earned wealth through harsh agricultural labors, he should then become a host to all guests, being capable of maintaining a household. (13-24-32)
brahmavikrayanirdiṣṭaṃ striyā yaccārjitaṃ dhanam। adeyaṃ pitṛdevebhyo yacca klaibyādupārjitam ॥13-24-33॥
Wealth obtained from the sale of the Veda, or earned by a woman, as well as that acquired through impotence, is not to be given to ancestors or gods. (13-24-33)
kriyamāṇe'vaparge tu yo dvijo bharatarṣabha। na vyāharati yadyuktaṃ tasyādharmo gavānṛtam ॥13-24-34॥
O best of the Bharatas, when liberation is being performed, if a Brahmin does not speak what is proper, then his unrighteousness is as grave as the falsehood regarding cows. (13-24-34)
śrāddhasya brāhmaṇaḥ kālaḥ prāptaṃ dadhi ghṛtaṃ tathā। somakṣayaś ca māṃsaṃ ca yad āraṇyaṃ yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-24-35॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, when the proper time for the śrāddha and the brāhmaṇa has arrived, curd, ghee, the waning of Soma, meat, and whatever is from the forest are appropriate. (13-24-35)
śrāddhāpavarge viprasya svadhā vai svaditā bhavet। kṣatriyasyāpyatho brūyāt prīyantāṃ pitaras tv iti ॥13-24-36॥
At a śrāddha ceremony, for a brāhmaṇa, one should indeed say 'Svadhā'; for a kṣatriya, one should instead say, 'May the ancestors be pleased.' (13-24-36)
apavarge tu vaiśyasya śrāddhakarmaṇi bhārata। akṣayyamabhidhātavyaṃ svasti śūdrasya bhārata ॥13-24-37॥
But, O Bhārata, at the śrāddha rite for a Vaiśya, one should say 'imperishable'; for a Śūdra, O Bhārata, one should say 'well-being'. (13-24-37)
puṇyāhavācanaṃ daive brāhmaṇasya vidhīyate। etadeva niroṅkāraṃ kṣatriyasya vidhīyate ॥ vaiśyasya caiva vaktavyaṃ prīyantāṃ devatā iti ॥13-24-38॥
For the Brāhmaṇa, the auspicious-day proclamation is prescribed in divine rites. For the Kṣatriya, this same is prescribed but without the Oṅkāra. For the Vaiśya, it should be said: "May the deities be pleased." (13-24-38)
karmaṇām ānupūrvīṃ ca vidhipūrvakṛtaṃ śṛṇu। jātakarmādikān sarvāṃs triṣu varṇeṣu bhārata ॥ brahmakṣatre hi mantroktā vaiśyasya ca yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-24-39॥
O Bhārata, hear the sequence of actions performed according to injunction: all rites such as the birth ceremony in the three castes. In Brāhmaṇa and Kṣatriya, they are indeed prescribed by mantra, and for the Vaiśya as well, O Yudhiṣṭhira. (13-24-39)
viprasya raśanā mauñjī maurvī rājanyagāminī। bālvajityeva vaiśyasya dharma eṣa yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-24-40॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, the girdle of a brāhmaṇa is made of muñja grass, for a kṣatriya it is made of murva fiber, and for a vaiśya it is made of bālvaja grass; this is their respective duty. (13-24-40)
dātuḥ pratigrahītuś ca dharmādharmāv imau śṛṇu। brāhmaṇasya anṛte adharmaḥ proktaḥ pātakasañjñitaḥ ॥ caturguṇaḥ kṣatriyasya vaiśyasya aṣṭaguṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ॥13-24-41॥
Hear about the dharma and adharma of the giver and the receiver. For a Brāhmaṇa, falsehood is said to be adharma and is designated as a sin. For a Kṣatriya, it is considered four times greater, and for a Vaiśya, eight times greater. (13-24-41)
nānyatra brāhmaṇo'śnīyātpūrvaṃ vipreṇa ketitaḥ। yavīyānpaśuhiṃsāyāṃ tulyadharmo bhavetsa hi ॥13-24-42॥
A brāhmaṇa should not eat anywhere else before being instructed by a learned person; in the matter of animal sacrifice, the younger one, if of equal dharma, should indeed be considered the same. (13-24-42)
atha rājanya-vaiśyābhyāṃ yady aśnīyāt tu ketitaḥ। yavīyān paśu-hiṃsāyāṃ bhāg-ardhaṃ samavāpnuyāt ॥13-24-43॥
Now, if a Kṣatriya or a Vaiśya eats what is not specifically permitted, being less involved in animal slaughter, he should receive half the share. (13-24-43)
daivaṃ vāpyatha vā pitryaṃ yo'śnīyādbrāhmaṇādiṣu। asnāto brāhmaṇo rājaṃstasyādharmo gavānṛtam ॥13-24-44॥
O King, if a Brāhmaṇa who has not bathed eats food that is divine, ancestral, or from Brāhmaṇas and others, for him, it is unrighteousness, equivalent to the falsehood of cows. (13-24-44)
āśauco brāhmaṇo rājanyo'śnīyādbrāhmaṇādiṣu। jñānapūrvamatho lobhāttasyādharmo gavānṛtam ॥13-24-45॥
If a brāhmaṇa is impure, a kṣatriya may eat among brāhmaṇas and others; but if he does so knowingly out of greed, his unrighteousness is as grave as stealing cows. (13-24-45)
annenānnaṃ ca yo lipset karmārthaṃ caiva bhārata। āmantrayati rājendra tasyādharmo'nṛtaṃ smṛtam ॥13-24-46॥
O Bhārata, if someone desires food by offering food for the sake of an action and invites (another), O king, his act is considered unrighteousness and falsehood. (13-24-46)
avedavratacāritrāstribhirvarṇairyudhiṣṭhira। mantravatpariviṣyante teṣvadharmo gavānṛtam ॥13-24-47॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, when the three castes are without Veda, vow, and good conduct, they are served like a mantra; among them, unrighteousness and falsehood concerning cows prevail. (13-24-47)
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
pitryaṃ vāpyatha vā daivaṃ dīyate yatpitāmaha। etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ dattaṃ yeṣu mahāphalam ॥13-24-48॥
O grandsire, I wish to hear about that which, whether given as ancestral or divine, yields great fruit. (13-24-48)
bhīṣma uvāca॥
Bhishma said.
yeṣāṃ dārāḥ pratīkṣante suvṛṣṭim iva karṣakāḥ। uccheṣa-pariśeṣaṃ hi tān bhojaya yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-24-49॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, feed those whose wives wait for them like farmers wait for good rain, with the remnants of leftovers. (13-24-49)
cāritraniyatā rājanye kṛśāḥ kṛśavṛttayaḥ। arthinaś copagacchanti teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-50॥
Among the kṣatriyas who are restrained by conduct, emaciated, and of meagre livelihood, petitioners also approach; whatever is given to them yields great fruit. (13-24-50)
tadbhaktās tadgṛhā rājan tad dhanās tad apāśrayāḥ। arthinaś ca bhavanti arthe teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-51॥
O king, their devotees, their houses, their wealth, and those who take their refuge, as well as petitioners for their sake—whatever is given to them yields great fruit. (13-24-51)
taskarebhyaḥ parebhyo vā ye bhayārtā yudhiṣṭhira। arthino bhoktum icchanti teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-52॥
O Yudhishthira, whatever is given to petitioners who, out of fear of thieves or others, desire food, yields great merit. (13-24-52)
akalkakasya viprasya bhaikṣotkarakṛtātmanaḥ। baṭavo yasya bhikṣanti tebhyo dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-53॥
Whatever is given to the students who beg for the alms collected by the guileless, self-controlled brāhmaṇa, yields great merit. (13-24-53)
hṛtasvā hṛtadārāś ca ye viprā deśasamplave। arthārtham abhigacchanti tebhyo dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-54॥
To Brāhmaṇas whose wealth and wives have been taken away, who approach during a national calamity for the sake of wealth, whatever is given to them yields great merit. (13-24-54)
vratino niyamasthāś ca ye viprāḥ śrutasaṃmatāḥ। tatsamāptyartham icchanti teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-55॥
The gifts given to Brāhmaṇas who observe vows, are established in discipline, and are approved by the Vedas, for the purpose of completing that (ritual), yield great results among them. (13-24-55)
avyutkrāntāś ca dharmeṣu pāṣaṇḍasamayeṣu ca। kṛśaprāṇāḥ kṛśadhanās teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-56॥
Those who have not deviated, whether in dharmic or heretical doctrines, who are weak in life-force and poor in wealth—for gifts given to them, the reward is great. (13-24-56)
kṛtasarvasvaharaṇā nirdoṣāḥ prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ। spṛhayanti ca bhuktānnaṃ teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-57॥
When all their wealth has been taken and they are faultless, even the mighty desire food that has already been eaten; whatever is given to them among such people yields great merit. (13-24-57)
tapasvinastaponiṣṭhāsteṣāṃ bhaikṣacarāśca ye। arthinaḥ kiñcidicchanti teṣu dattaṃ mahāphalam ॥13-24-58॥
Whatever is given to ascetics devoted to austerity, among them those who live by alms and are petitioners desiring something, that gift yields great fruit. (13-24-58)
mahāphalavidhirdāne śrutaste bharatarṣabha। nirayaṃ yena gacchanti svargaṃ caiva hi tacchṛṇu ॥13-24-59॥
O best of the Bharatas, you have heard the rule of great fruits in giving; now hear that by which people go to hell or to heaven. (13-24-59)
gurvarthaṃ vābhayārthaṃ vā varjayitvā yudhiṣṭhira। ye'nṛtaṃ kathayanti sma te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-60॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, except for the sake of the teacher or for the sake of safety, those who speak falsehood are certainly destined for hell. (13-24-60)
paradārābhihartāraḥ paradārābhimarśinaḥ। paradāraprayoktāras te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-61॥
Those who approach, touch, or use another's wife are certainly destined for hell. (13-24-61)
ye parasvāpahartāraḥ parasvānāṃ ca nāśakāḥ। sūcakāś ca pareṣāṃ ye te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-62॥
Those who steal others' property, destroy others' property, and act as informers against others, they indeed are destined for hell. (13-24-62)
prapāṇāṃ ca sabhānāṃ ca saṅkramāṇāṃ ca bhārata। agārāṇāṃ ca bhettāro narā nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-63॥
O Bhārata, men who break into rest-houses, assemblies, crossings, and houses are destined for hell. (13-24-63)
anāthāṃ pramadāṃ bālāṃ vṛddhāṃ bhītāṃ tapasvinīm। vañcayanti narā ye ca te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-64॥
Those men who deceive a woman without protector, a young girl, an old woman, a fearful or ascetic woman, they indeed go to hell. (13-24-64)
vṛtticchedaṃ gṛhacchedaṃ dāracchedaṃ ca bhārata। mitracchedaṃ tathāśāyāste vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-65॥
O Bhārata, those who destroy livelihood, home, wife, friend, and hope are indeed destined for hell. (13-24-65)
sūcakāḥ sandhibhettāraḥ paravṛttyupajīvakāḥ। akṛtajñāś ca mitrāṇāṃ te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-66॥
Informers, breakers of alliances, those who live off others' actions, and ungrateful friends are indeed destined for hell. (13-24-66)
pāṣaṇḍā dūṣakāścaiva samayānāṃ ca dūṣakāḥ। ye pratyavasitāścaiva te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-67॥
Heretics, corruptors, and indeed those who corrupt agreements, and those who have fallen—these truly are goers to hell. (13-24-67)
kṛtāśaṃ kṛtanirveśaṃ kṛtabhaktaṃ kṛtaśramam। bhedair ye vyapakarṣanti te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-68॥
Those who, by means of divisions, drag away one whose hope is fulfilled, whose payment is completed, whose devotion is accomplished, and whose effort is completed—such people indeed go to hell. (13-24-68)
paryaśnanti ca ye dārān agnibhṛtyātithīṁs tathā। utsannapitṛdevejyās te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-69॥
Those who consume the resources of wives, fire, servants, and guests, and neglect sacrifices to ancestors and gods, they indeed go to hell. (13-24-69)
vedavikrayiṇaścaiva vedānāṃ caiva dūṣakāḥ। vedānāṃ lekhakāścaiva te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-70॥
Those who sell the Vedas, those who corrupt the Vedas, and even the scribes of the Vedas—indeed, all of them are destined for hell. (13-24-70)
cāturāśramyabāhyāś ca śrutibāhyāś ca ye narāḥ। vikarmabhiś ca jīvanti te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-71॥
Men who are outside the four āśramas and outside the Vedas, and who live by improper actions, certainly go to hell. (13-24-71)
keśavikrayikā rājan viṣavikrayikāś ca ye। kṣīravikrayikāś caiva te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-72॥
O king, female sellers of hair, poison, and milk—these indeed are destined for hell. (13-24-72)
brāhmaṇānāṃ gavāṃ caiva kanyānāṃ ca yudhiṣṭhira। ye'ntaraṃ yānti kāryeṣu te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-73॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, those who discriminate in matters concerning Brāhmaṇas, cows, and maidens are certainly destined for hell. (13-24-73)
śastravikrayakāścaiva kartāraśca yudhiṣṭhira। śalyānāṃ dhanuṣāṃ caiva te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-74॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, those who sell or make weapons, spears, and bows are certainly destined for hell. (13-24-74)
śalyairvā śaṅkubhirvāpi śvabhrairvā bharatarṣabha। ye mārgamanurundhanti te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-75॥
O bull among the Bharatas, those who obstruct the path with spikes, stakes, or pits, indeed, they are destined for hell. (13-24-75)
upādhyāyāṁś ca bhṛtyāṁś ca bhaktāṁś ca bharatarṣabha। ye tyajanty asamarthāṁs tāṁs te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-76॥
O bull among the Bharatas, those who abandon teachers, servants, or devoted ones who are incapable, they indeed go to hell. (13-24-76)
aprāptadamakāścaiva nāsānāṃ vedhakāstathā| bandhākāśca paśūnāṃ ye te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-77॥
Those who have not gained self-control, as well as those who pierce the noses of animals and those who bind them, all these indeed are destined for hell. (13-24-77)
agoptāraś chala-dravyā bali-ṣaḍ-bhāga-tat-parāḥ। samarthāś cāpy adātāras te vai niraya-gāminaḥ ॥13-24-78॥
Those who do not protect, possess wealth acquired by fraud, are intent on taking the sixth part as tax, are capable but do not give, they indeed go to hell. (13-24-78)
kṣāntān dāntāṃs tathā prājñān dīrghakālaṃ sah-oṣitān। tyajanti kṛtakṛtyā ye te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-79॥
Those who abandon the patient, the self-restrained, the wise, and those who have lived together for a long time and have accomplished their purpose—such people indeed are destined for hell. (13-24-79)
bālānām atha vṛddhānāṃ dāsānāṃ caiva ye narāḥ। adattvā bhakṣayanty agre te vai nirayagāminaḥ ॥13-24-80॥
Those men who eat first without giving to children, the aged, and servants, indeed, they are destined for hell. (13-24-80)
ete pūrvarṣibhir dṛṣṭāḥ proktā nirayagāminaḥ। bhāginaḥ svargalokasya vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha ॥13-24-81॥
These, seen and declared by former seers as those who go to hell, I shall now tell you, O best of the Bharatas, who are the partakers of the heavenly world. (13-24-81)
sarveṣveva tu kāryeṣu daivapūrveṣu bhārata। hanti putrān paśūn kṛtsnān brāhmaṇātikramaḥ kṛtaḥ ॥13-24-82॥
O Bhārata, in all actions that are indeed preceded by fate, the transgression against a Brāhmaṇa, when committed, destroys all—sons, cattle, everything. (13-24-82)
dānena tapasā caiva satyena ca yudhiṣṭhira। ye dharmam anuvartante te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-83॥
O Yudhishthira, those men who follow dharma through charity, austerity, and truthfulness, they go to heaven. (13-24-83)
śuśrūṣābhis tapobhiś ca śrutam ādāya bhārata। ye pratigraha-niḥsnehās te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-84॥
O Bhārata, those men who, having acquired knowledge through service and austerity, and who are without attachment to accepting gifts, go to heaven. (13-24-84)
bhayātpāpāttathābādhāddāridryādvyādhidharṣaṇāt। yatkṛte pratimucyante te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-85॥
Those men who are released from fear, sin, affliction, poverty, disease, and oppression for this reason, go to heaven. (13-24-85)
kṣamāvantaś ca dhīrāś ca dharmakāryeṣu ca utthitāḥ। maṅgalācārayuktāś ca te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-86॥
Those men who possess forbearance, are steadfast, rise to righteous acts, and are endowed with auspicious conduct, go to heaven. (13-24-86)
nivṛttā madhumāṃsebhyaḥ paradārebhya eva ca। nivṛttāścaiva madyehyaste narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-87॥
Those men who have turned away from honey, meat, others' wives, and intoxicating drinks are destined for heaven. (13-24-87)
āśramāṇāṃ ca kartāraḥ kulānāṃ caiva bhārata। deśānāṃ nagarāṇāṃ ca te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-88॥
O Bhārata, those men who are creators of hermitages, families, countries, and cities, they go to heaven. (13-24-88)
vastrābharaṇadātāro bhakṣapānānnadāstathā। kuṭumbānāṃ ca dātāraste narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-89॥
Those men who give cloth and ornaments, and likewise those who give food, drink, and grain, and those who provide for families, they go to heaven. (13-24-89)
sarvahinsānivṛttāś ca narāḥ sarvasahāś ca ye। sarvasyāśrayabhūtāś ca te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-90॥
Those men who have turned away from all injury, who endure everything, and who have become a refuge for all, those men go to heaven. (13-24-90)
mātaraṃ pitaraṃ caiva śuśrūṣanti jitendriyāḥ। bhrātṝṇāṃ caiva sasnehāste narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-91॥
Those men who have conquered their senses serve their mother and father, and are affectionate towards their brothers; such men go to heaven. (13-24-91)
āḍhyāś ca balavantaś ca yauvanasthāś ca bhārata। ye vai jitendriyā dhīrās te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-92॥
O Bhārata, even among the wealthy, the strong, and the youthful, only those men who are steadfast and have conquered their senses truly go to heaven. (13-24-92)
aparāddheṣu sasnehā mṛdavo mitravatsalāḥ। ārādhanasukhāś cāpi te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-93॥
Those men who are affectionate even towards those who have committed faults, gentle, loving as friends, and who delight in serving others, they go to heaven. (13-24-93)
sahasrapariveṣṭārastathaiva ca sahasradāḥ। trātāraśca sahasrāṇāṃ puruṣāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-94॥
Those who encompass a thousand, likewise those who give thousands, and those who are protectors of thousands—such men go to heaven. (13-24-94)
suvarṇasya ca dātāro gavāṃ ca bharatarṣabha। yānānāṃ vāhanānāṃ ca te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-95॥
O bull among the Bharatas, those men who are givers of gold, cows, vehicles, and conveyances go to heaven. (13-24-95)
vaivāhikānāṃ kanyānāṃ preṣyāṇāṃ ca yudhiṣṭhira। dātāro vāsasāṃ caiva te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-96॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, those men who give garments to maidens given in marriage and to servants, indeed, they go to heaven. (13-24-96)
vihārāvasathodyānakūpārāmasabhāpradāḥ। vaprāṇāṃ caiva kartāraste narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-97॥
Those who give monasteries, dwellings, gardens, wells, pleasure-groves, and assembly-halls, and those who construct embankments—these men attain heaven. (13-24-97)
niveśanānāṃ kṣetrāṇāṃ vasatīnāṃ ca bhārata। dātāraḥ prārthitānāṃ ca te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-98॥
O Bhārata, those men who give dwellings, fields, and habitations as requested are destined for heaven. (13-24-98)
rasānām atha bījānāṃ dhānyānāṃ ca yudhiṣṭhira। svayam utpādya dātāraḥ puruṣāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-99॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, those men who, having produced juices, seeds, and grains by themselves, give them away as donors, go to heaven. (13-24-99)
yasminkasminkule jātā bahuputrāḥ śatāyuṣaḥ। sānukrośā jitakrodhāḥ puruṣāḥ svargagāminaḥ ॥13-24-100॥
In whichever family men are born who have many sons, live a hundred years, are compassionate, have conquered anger, and are destined for heaven. (13-24-100)
etad uktam amutra-artham daivam pitryam ca bhārata। dharma-adharmau ca dānasya yathā pūrvaṛṣibhiḥ kṛtau ॥13-24-101॥
O Bhārata, this has been spoken regarding the other-worldly purpose, the divine and ancestral (rites), and the righteousness and unrighteousness of giving, as was done by the former sages. (13-24-101)
