Incredible Wisdom of Bharat!

02.054
Core-Pancharatra: Yudhisthira continues to lose his wealth.

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

मत्तः कैतवकेनैव यज्जितोऽस्मि दुरोदरम्। शकुने हन्त दीव्यामो ग्लहमानाः सहस्रशः ॥२-५४-१॥

mattaḥ kaitavakenaiva yajjito'smi durodaram। śakune hanta dīvyāmo glahamānāḥ sahasraśaḥ ॥2-54-1॥

[मत्तः (mattaḥ) - from me; कैतवकेनैव (kaitavakenaiva) - by deceit only; यत् (yat) - which; जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; दुरोदरम् (durodaram) - Duryodhana; शकुने (śakune) - O Śakuni; हन्त (hanta) - come; दीव्यामः (dīvyāmaḥ) - let us play dice; ग्लहमानाः (glahamānāḥ) - gamblers; सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands;]

(From me, by deceit only, which I am conquered, Duryodhana. O Śakuni, come, let us play dice, gamblers by thousands.)

O Śakuni, Duryodhana says: "I have been conquered only by deceit. Come, let us play dice again, we are gamblers by the thousands." (2-54-1)

इमे निष्कसहस्रस्य कुण्डिनो भरिताः शतम्। कोशो हिरण्यमक्षय्यं जातरूपमनेकशः ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-२॥

ime niṣkasahasrasya kuṇḍino bharitāḥ śatam। kośo hiraṇyamakṣayyaṃ jātarūpam anekaśaḥ ॥ etad rājandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmy ahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-2॥

[इमे (ime) - these; निष्कसहस्रस्य (niṣkasahasrasya) - of a thousand niṣkas; कुण्डिनः (kuṇḍinaḥ) - pots; भरिताः (bharitāḥ) - filled; शतम् (śatam) - a hundred; कोशः (kośaḥ) - treasury; हिरण्यम् (hiraṇyam) - gold; अक्षय्यम् (akṣayyam) - inexhaustible; जातरूपम् (jātarūpam) - refined gold; अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - in many forms; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनम् (rājandhanam) - royal wealth; महम् (mahyam) - to me; तेन (tena) - with that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I play (gamble); अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(These hundred pots filled with a thousand niṣkas; a treasury of inexhaustible gold, refined gold in many forms. This royal wealth is mine; with that I gamble with you.)

These are a hundred pots filled with a thousand niṣkas each; a treasury of inexhaustible gold, and refined gold in many forms. All this royal wealth is mine, and with it, I gamble with you. (2-54-2)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

इत्युक्तः शकुनिः प्राह जितमित्येव तं नृपम्। युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

ityuktaḥ śakuniḥ prāha jitamityeva taṃ nṛpam। yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[इति (iti) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; प्राह (prāha) - said; जितम् (jitam) - conquered; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; तं (taṃ) - to him; नृपम् (nṛpam) - king; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Thus having been spoken, Śakuni said "Conquered" indeed to that king. Yudhiṣṭhira said.)

Thus, when addressed, Śakuni said "Conquered" to the king. Then Yudhiṣṭhira spoke.

अयं सहस्रसमितो वैयाघ्रः सुप्रवर्तितः। सुचक्रोपस्करः श्रीमान्किङ्किणीजालमण्डितः ॥२-५४-४॥

ayaṃ sahasrasamito vaiyāghraḥ supravartitaḥ। sucakropaskaraḥ śrīmānkiṅkiṇījālamaṇḍitaḥ ॥2-54-4॥

[अयम् (ayam) - this; सहस्रसमितः (sahasrasamitaḥ) - equal to a thousand; वैयाघ्रः (vaiyāghraḥ) - tiger-like; सुप्रवर्तितः (supravartitaḥ) - well-turned; सुचक्रोपस्करः (sucakropaskaraḥ) - having good wheels and equipment; श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - splendid; किङ्किणीजालमण्डितः (kiṅkiṇījālamaṇḍitaḥ) - adorned with a network of bells;]

(This (chariot) is equal to a thousand, tiger-like, well-turned, having good wheels and equipment, splendid, adorned with a network of bells.)

This chariot is equal to a thousand others, tiger-like, well-constructed, with excellent wheels and fittings, splendid and adorned with a network of bells. (2-54-4)

संह्रादनो राजरथो य इहास्मानुपावहत्। जैत्रो रथवरः पुण्यो मेघसागरनिःस्वनः ॥२-५४-५॥

saṃhrādano rājaratho ya ihāsmānupāvahat। jaitro rathavaraḥ puṇyo meghasāgaraniḥsvanaḥ ॥2-54-5॥

[संह्रादनः (saṃhrādanaḥ) - one who makes resound; राजरथः (rājarathaḥ) - royal chariot; यः (yaḥ) - who; इह (iha) - here; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; उपावहत् (upāvahat) - brought near; जैत्रः (jaitraḥ) - victorious; रथवरः (rathavaraḥ) - excellent chariot; पुण्यः (puṇyaḥ) - auspicious; मेघसागरनिःस्वनः (meghasāgaraniḥsvanaḥ) - having the sound of clouds and ocean;]

(The resounding royal chariot which brought us here, the victorious, excellent, auspicious chariot, having the sound of clouds and ocean.)

The royal chariot that resounds, which brought us here, is victorious, excellent, and auspicious, with a sound like clouds and the ocean. (2-54-5)

अष्टौ यं कुररच्छायाः सदश्वा राष्ट्रसंमताः। वहन्ति नैषामुच्येत पदा भूमिमुपस्पृशन् ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-६॥

aṣṭau yaṃ kuraracchāyāḥ sadaśvā rāṣṭrasaṃmatāḥ। vahanti naiṣāmucyeta padā bhūmimupaspṛśan ॥ etadraajandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmyahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-6॥

[अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight; यं (yaṃ) - which; कुररच्छायाः (kuraracchāyāḥ) - having the shade of a kurara (bird); सदश्वाः (sadaśvāḥ) - good horses; राष्ट्रसंमताः (rāṣṭrasaṃmatāḥ) - approved by the kingdom; वहन्ति (vahanti) - carry; न (na) - not; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; उच्येत (ucyeta) - it is said; पदा (padā) - by the feet; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - the earth; उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - touching; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनम् (rājandhanam) - royal treasure; मम (mama) - my; तेन (tena) - by that; दीव्याम् (dīvyām) - I play (gamble); अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Eight which having the shade of a kurara (bird), good horses, approved by the kingdom, carry; it is said, not of these, by the feet, touching the earth. This royal treasure is mine; by that I play (gamble) with you.)

These eight excellent horses, having the shade of a kurara bird and approved by the kingdom, carry (the chariot) and are said not to touch the earth with their feet. This is my royal treasure; with it, I play (gamble) with you. (2-54-6)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-७॥

etat-śrutvā vyavasitaḥ nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitam ity eva śakuniḥ yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata ॥2-54-7॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - resolved; निकृतिम् (nikṛtim) - deceit; समुपाश्रितः (samupāśritaḥ) - having resorted to; जितम् (jitam) - conquered; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]

(Having heard this, resolved, having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'Conquered thus.')

Hearing this, and having resolved to resort to deceit, Śakuni said to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'It is won.' (2-54-7)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

सहस्रसङ्ख्या नागा मे मत्तास्तिष्ठन्ति सौबल। हेमकक्षाः कृतापीडाः पद्मिनो हेममालिनः ॥२-५४-८॥

sahasrasaṅkhyā nāgā me mattāstiṣṭhanti saubala। hemakakṣāḥ kṛtāpīḍāḥ padmino hemamālinaḥ ॥2-54-8॥

[सहस्रसङ्ख्या (sahasrasaṅkhyā) - of thousand count; नागाः (nāgāḥ) - serpents; मे (me) - my; मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - intoxicated; तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - stand; सौबल (saubala) - O son of Subala; हेमकक्षाः (hemakakṣāḥ) - having golden girdles; कृतापीडाः (kṛtāpīḍāḥ) - with crests made; पद्मिनः (padminaḥ) - lotus-bearers; हेममालिनः (hemamālinaḥ) - adorned with golden garlands;]

(Of thousand count serpents my intoxicated stand, O son of Subala. Having golden girdles, with crests made, lotus-bearers adorned with golden garlands. (2-54-8))

O son of Subala, thousands of my intoxicated serpents stand here. They have golden girdles, crested heads, bear lotuses, and are adorned with golden garlands. (2-54-8)

सुदान्ता राजवहनाः सर्वशब्दक्षमा युधि। ईषादन्ता महाकायाः सर्वे चाष्टकरेणवः ॥२-५४-९॥

sudāntā rājavahanāḥ sarvaśabda-kṣamā yudhi। īṣādantā mahākāyāḥ sarve cāṣṭakareṇavaḥ ॥2-54-9॥

[सुदान्ता (sudāntā) - well-trained; राजवहनाः (rājavahanāḥ) - royal vehicles; सर्वशब्दक्षमा (sarvaśabda-kṣamā) - enduring all sounds; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; ईषादन्ता (īṣādantā) - with slightly protruding teeth; महाकायाः (mahākāyāḥ) - of great body; सर्वे (sarve) - all; च (ca) - and; अष्टकरेणवः (aṣṭakareṇavaḥ) - eight-tusked;]

(Well-trained royal vehicles, enduring all sounds in battle, with slightly protruding teeth, of great body, all eight-tusked.)

All the royal vehicles were well-trained, able to endure every sound in battle; they had slightly protruding teeth, great bodies, and all were eight-tusked. (2-54-9)

सर्वे च पुरभेत्तारो नगमेघनिभा गजाः। एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-१०॥

sarve ca purabhettāro nagameghanibhā gajāḥ। etad rājandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmy ahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-10॥

[सर्वे (sarve) - all; च (ca) - and; पुरभेत्तारः (purabhettāraḥ) - fort-breakers; नगमेघनिभाः (nagameghanibhāḥ) - like mountain-clouds; गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनम् (rājandhanam) - royal wealth; मम (mama) - my; तेन (tena) - with that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I play (gamble); अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(All and fort-breakers like mountain-clouds elephants; this royal wealth my with that I play (gamble) I with you.)

All these elephants, which are fort-breakers and resemble mountain-clouds, are my royal wealth; with that, I gamble with you. (2-54-10)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

तमेवंवादिनं पार्थं प्रहसन्निव सौबलः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-११॥

tam evaṃ-vādinaṃ pārthaṃ prahasann iva saubalaḥ। jitam ity eva śakuniḥ yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata ॥2-54-11॥

[तम् (tam) - him; एवं-वादिनम् (evaṃ-vādinam) - thus-speaking; पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha; प्रहसन्-इव (prahasann-iva) - smiling-as if; सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - the son of Subala; जितम् (jitam) - conquered; इति-एव (iti-eva) - thus-indeed; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]

(To him thus speaking, to Pārtha, as if smiling, the son of Subala, "Conquered!" thus indeed, Śakuni spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira.)

To Pārtha, who was speaking thus, the son of Subala, Śakuni, as if smiling, said to Yudhiṣṭhira, "Conquered!" (2-54-11)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

शतं दासीसहस्राणि तरुण्यो मे प्रभद्रिकाः। कम्बुकेयूरधारिण्यो निष्ककण्ठ्यः स्वलङ्कृताः ॥२-५४-१२॥

śataṃ dāsīsahasrāṇi taruṇyo me prabhadrikāḥ। kambukeyūradhāriṇyo niṣkakaṇṭhyaḥ svalaṅkṛtāḥ ॥2-54-12॥

[शतं (śatam) - hundred; दासी (dāsī) - female servant; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; तरुण्यः (taruṇyaḥ) - young women; मे (me) - my; प्रभद्रिकाः (prabhadrikāḥ) - attendants; कम्बु (kambu) - conch-shell; केयूर (keyūra) - armlet; धारिण्यः (dhāriṇyaḥ) - wearing; निष्ककण्ठ्यः (niṣkakaṇṭhyaḥ) - wearing niṣka (gold neck-ornament); स्वलङ्कृताः (svalaṅkṛtāḥ) - well-adorned;]

(Hundreds and thousands of female servants, young women, my attendants, wearing conch-shell armlets, wearing niṣka (gold neck-ornaments), well-adorned.)

There are hundreds and thousands of female servants, young women, my attendants, all adorned with conch-shell armlets and gold neck-ornaments, beautifully decorated. (2-54-12)

महार्हमाल्याभरणाः सुवस्त्राश्चन्दनोक्षिताः। मणीन्हेम च बिभ्रत्यः सर्वा वै सूक्ष्मवाससः ॥२-५४-१३॥

mahārhamālyābharaṇāḥ suvastrāś candanokṣitāḥ। maṇīn hema ca bibhratyaḥ sarvā vai sūkṣmavāsasaḥ ॥2-54-13॥

[महार्ह (mahārha) - very precious; माल्य (mālya) - garlands; आभरणाः (ābharaṇāḥ) - ornaments; सुवस्त्राः (suvastrāḥ) - fine garments; चन्दन (candana) - sandalwood; उक्षिताः (ukṣitāḥ) - anointed; मणीन् (maṇīn) - gems; हेम (hema) - gold; च (ca) - and; बिभ्रत्यः (bibhratyaḥ) - wearing; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; वै (vai) - indeed; सूक्ष्मवाससः (sūkṣmavāsasaḥ) - delicate-clothed;]

(Very precious garlands and ornaments, fine garments, anointed with sandalwood; wearing gems and gold, all indeed clothed in delicate garments.)

All of them were adorned with very precious garlands and ornaments, wore fine garments, were anointed with sandalwood, and wore gems and gold, all being clothed in delicate fabrics. (2-54-13)

अनुसेवां चरन्तीमाः कुशला नृत्यसामसु। स्नातकानाममात्यानां राज्ञां च मम शासनात् ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-१४॥

anusevāṃ carantīmāḥ kuśalā nṛtyasāmasu। snātakānāmamātyānāṃ rājñāṃ ca mama śāsanāt ॥ etadraajandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmyahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-14॥

[अनुसेवाम् (anusevām) - following service; चरन्तीम् (carantīm) - practicing; इमाः (imāḥ) - these; कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled; नृत्यसामसु (nṛtyasāmasu) - in dance and song; स्नातकानाम् (snātakānām) - of graduates; अमात्यानाम् (amātyānām) - of ministers; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; च (ca) - and; मम (mama) - my; शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by command; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनम् (rājandhanam) - royal wealth; मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me; तेन (tena) - by that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I enjoy; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Following service, practicing these skilled in dance and song, of graduates, of ministers, of kings and by my command; this royal wealth to me, by that I enjoy, I, with you.)

These women, skilled in dance and song, serve graduates, ministers, and kings by my command; this royal wealth is mine, and with it, I enjoy together with you. (2-54-14)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-१५॥

etat-śrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitam-iti-eva śakunir-yudhiṣṭhiram-abhāṣata ॥2-54-15॥

(Having heard this, having resolved, having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, "Conquered.")

Hearing this, and having made up his mind to resort to deceit, Śakuni said to Yudhiṣṭhira, "It is won." (2-54-15)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

एतावन्त्येव दासानां सहस्राण्युत सन्ति मे। प्रदक्षिणानुलोमाश्च प्रावारवसनाः सदा ॥२-५४-१६॥

etāvantyeva dāsānāṃ sahasrāṇyuta santi me। pradakṣiṇānulomāśca prāvāravasanāḥ sadā ॥2-54-16॥

[एतावन्त्येव (etāvantyeva) - just this many; indeed; दासानाम् (dāsānām) - of servants; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; उत (uta) - and also; सन्ति (santi) - are; मे (me) - for me; प्रदक्षिणानुलोमाः (pradakṣiṇānulomāḥ) - moving in a rightward direction; च (ca) - and; प्रावारवसनाः (prāvāravasanāḥ) - clad in upper garments; सदा (sadā) - always;]

(Just this many indeed of servants, thousands, and also are for me; moving in a rightward direction and clad in upper garments always.)

I have just this many thousands of servants; they always move in a rightward direction and are clad in upper garments. (2-54-16)

प्राज्ञा मेधाविनो दक्षा युवानो मृष्टकुण्डलाः। पात्रीहस्ता दिवारात्रमतिथीन्भोजयन्त्युत ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-१७॥

prājñā medhāvino dakṣā yuvāno mṛṣṭakuṇḍalāḥ। pātrīhastā divārātram-atithīn bhojayanty-uta ॥ etad rājandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmy ahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-17॥

[प्राज्ञाः (prājñāḥ) - wise ones; मेधाविनः (medhāvinaḥ) - intelligent ones; दक्षाः (dakṣāḥ) - skilful ones; युवानः (yuvānaḥ) - young men; मृष्टकुण्डलाः (mṛṣṭakuṇḍalāḥ) - with polished earrings; पात्रीहस्ताः (pātrīhastāḥ) - with vessels in hand; दिवा-रात्रम् (divā-rātram) - day and night; अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests; भोजयन्ति (bhojayanti) - feed; उत (uta) - indeed; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्-धनम् (rājan-dhanam) - king's wealth; मम (mama) - my; तेन (tena) - by that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I thrive; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Wise, intelligent, skilful, young men with polished earrings, with vessels in hand, feed guests day and night indeed. This is the king's wealth, my own; by that I thrive, I, with you.)

Wise, intelligent, and skilful young men adorned with polished earrings and holding vessels in their hands serve guests day and night. This is the king's wealth, which is mine; by this, I prosper, together with you. (2-54-17)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun, name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-१८॥

etacchrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitamityeva śakuniryudhiṣṭhiramabhāṣata ॥2-54-18॥

(Having heard this, resolved, having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke thus to Yudhiṣṭhira: "Conquered!")

Hearing this, and having resolved to resort to deceit, Śakuni said to Yudhiṣṭhira, "You are conquered!" (2-54-18)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

रथास्तावन्त एवेमे हेमभाण्डाः पताकिनः। हयैर्विनीतैः सम्पन्ना रथिभिश्चित्रयोधिभिः ॥२-५४-१९॥

rathās tāvanta eva ime hemabhāṇḍāḥ patākinaḥ। hayair vinītaiḥ sampannā rathibhiś citrayodhibhiḥ ॥2-54-19॥

[रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots; तावन्तः (tāvantaḥ) - so many; एव (eva) - indeed; इमे (ime) - these; हेमभाण्डाः (hemabhāṇḍāḥ) - with golden fittings; पताकिनः (patākinaḥ) - with banners; हयैः (hayaiḥ) - with horses; विनीतैः (vinītaiḥ) - well-trained; सम्पन्नाः (sampannāḥ) - endowed; रथिभिः (rathibhiḥ) - with charioteers; चित्रयोधिभिः (citrayodhibhiḥ) - with distinguished warriors;]

(Chariots so many indeed these with golden fittings, with banners, with well-trained horses, endowed, with charioteers, with distinguished warriors.)

These chariots, equal in number, are adorned with golden fittings and banners, drawn by well-trained horses, and are manned by charioteers and distinguished warriors. (2-54-19)

एकैको यत्र लभते सहस्रपरमां भृतिम्। युध्यतोऽयुध्यतो वापि वेतनं मासकालिकम् ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-२०॥

ekaiko yatra labhate sahasraparamāṃ bhṛtim। yudhyato'yudhyato vāpi vetanaṃ māsakālikam ॥ etadrājandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmyahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-20॥

[एकैकः (ekaikaḥ) - each one; यत्र (yatra) - where; लभते (labhate) - obtains; सहस्रपरमाम् (sahasraparamām) - of a thousand as the highest; भृतिम् (bhṛtim) - salary; युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - of one fighting; अयुध्यतः (ayudhyataḥ) - of one not fighting; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; वेतनम् (vetanam) - wages; मासकालिकम् (māsakālikam) - monthly; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनम् (rājandhanam) - royal wealth; मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me; तेन (tena) - by that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I gamble; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Each one where obtains a salary of a thousand as the highest; of one fighting or of one not fighting even, monthly wages. This royal wealth to me, by that, I gamble, I, with you. (2-54-20))

Where each person receives the highest salary of a thousand, whether fighting or not, as monthly wages. This royal wealth is mine; with it, I gamble with you. (2-54-20)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

इत्येवमुक्ते पार्थेन कृतवैरो दुरात्मवान्। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-२१॥

ityevamukte pārthena kṛtavairo durātmavān। jitamityeva śakuniryudhiṣṭhiramabhāṣata ॥2-54-21॥

[इति (iti) - thus; एवम् (evam) - in this manner; उक्ते (ukte) - having been said; पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Pārtha (Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira); कृत (kṛta) - having made; वैरः (vairaḥ) - enmity; दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - wicked-minded; जितम् (jitam) - conquered; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]

(Thus, when it was said in this manner by Pārtha, the wicked-minded one who had made enmity, Śakuni spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, "Conquered, indeed." (2-54-21))

When Pārtha had thus spoken, the wicked-minded Śakuni, who had made enmity, said to Yudhiṣṭhira, "It is won." (2-54-21)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

अश्वांस्तित्तिरिकल्माषान्गान्धर्वान्हेममालिनः। ददौ चित्ररथस्तुष्टो यांस्तान्गाण्डीवधन्वने ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-२२॥

aśvāṃs tittiri-kalmāṣān gāndharvān hema-mālinaḥ। dadau citrarathas tuṣṭo yāṃs tān gāṇḍīva-dhanvane ॥ etad rājaṃ dhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmy ahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-22॥

[अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses; तित्तिरि-कल्माषान् (tittiri-kalmāṣān) - spotted like partridges; गान्धर्वान् (gāndharvān) - of Gandharva breed; हेम-मालिनः (hema-mālinaḥ) - adorned with gold garlands; ददौ (dadau) - gave; चित्ररथः (citrarathaḥ) - Citraratha; तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - being pleased; यांश् (yāṃs) - whom; तान् (tān) - those; गाण्डीव-धन्वने (gāṇḍīva-dhanvane) - to the wielder of the Gandiva bow; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me; तेन (tena) - by that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I sport; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Citraratha, being pleased, gave to the wielder of the Gandiva bow those horses, spotted like partridges, of Gandharva breed, adorned with gold garlands. O king, this wealth is mine; with that I sport with you.)

Citraratha, pleased, gave to the wielder of the Gandiva bow those Gandharva horses, spotted like partridges and adorned with gold garlands. O king, this is my royal wealth; with it, I compete with you. (2-54-22)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-२३॥

etat-śrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitam-iti-eva śakunir-yudhiṣṭhiram-abhāṣata ॥2-54-23॥

(Having heard this, resolved and having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'Conquered.')

Hearing this, Śakuni, having resolved and resorted to deceit, said to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'Conquered.' (2-54-23)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac' - to speak);]

(Yudhishthira said;)

Yudhishthira said.

रथानां शकटानां च हयानां चायुतानि मे। युक्तानामेव तिष्ठन्ति वाहैरुच्चावचैर्वृताः ॥२-५४-२४॥

rathānāṃ śakaṭānāṃ ca hayānāṃ cāyutāni me। yuktānāmeva tiṣṭhanti vāhairuccāvacairvṛtāḥ ॥2-54-24॥

[रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots; शकटानाम् (śakaṭānām) - of carts; च (ca) - and; हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses; च (ca) - and; अयुतानि (ayutāni) - tens of thousands; मे (me) - my; युक्तानाम् (yuktānām) - of those yoked; एव (eva) - indeed; तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - stand; वाहैः (vāhaiḥ) - with draught animals; उच्चावचैः (uccāvacaiḥ) - of various kinds (high and low); वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - surrounded;]

(Of chariots, of carts and of horses, tens of thousands, my; of those yoked indeed stand, with draught animals of various kinds surrounded.)

Tens of thousands of my chariots, carts, and horses, all yoked, stand here, surrounded by draught animals of various kinds. (2-54-24)

एवं वर्णस्य वर्णस्य समुच्चीय सहस्रशः। क्षीरं पिबन्तस्तिष्ठन्ति भुञ्जानाः शालितण्डुलान् ॥२-५४-२५॥

evaṃ varṇasya varṇasya samuccīya sahasraśaḥ। kṣīraṃ pibantastiṣṭhanti bhuñjānāḥ śālitaṇḍulān ॥2-54-25॥

[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; in this way; वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of the class; of the color; of the caste; वर्णस्य (varṇasya) - of the class; of the color; of the caste; समुच्चीय (samuccīya) - having gathered together; having accumulated; सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands; in thousands; क्षीरं (kṣīram) - milk; पिबन्तः (pibantaḥ) - drinking; तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - stand; remain; भुञ्जानाः (bhuñjānāḥ) - eating; enjoying; शालितण्डुलान् (śālitaṇḍulān) - rice grains; grains of rice;]

(Thus, of the class, of the class, having gathered together in thousands, drinking milk, they stand, eating rice grains.)

Thus, thousands of those of the class, having gathered together, stand drinking milk and eating rice grains. (2-54-25)

षष्टिस्तानि सहस्राणि सर्वे पृथुलवक्षसः। एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-२६॥

ṣaṣṭi-stāni sahasrāṇi sarve pṛthula-vakṣasaḥ। etad-rājan-dhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmyahaṃ tvayā ॥2-54-26॥

[षष्टि (ṣaṣṭi) - sixty; स्थानि (sthāni) - places; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; सर्वे (sarve) - all; पृथुलवक्षसः (pṛthula-vakṣasaḥ) - broad-chested; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन् (rājan) - O king; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; मम (mama) - to me; तेन (tena) - with this; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I play (at dice); अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Sixty places, thousands, all broad-chested; this, O king, wealth to me; with this I play (at dice), I, with you.)

O king, all these sixty thousand broad-chested (warriors) are my wealth; with this I play at dice with you. (2-54-26)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper noun) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-२७॥

etat-śrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitam-iti-eva śakunir-yudhiṣṭhiram-abhāṣata ॥2-54-27॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - having resolved; निकृतिम् (nikṛtim) - deceit; समुपाश्रितः (samupāśritaḥ) - having resorted to; जितम् (jitam) - conquered; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]

(Having heard this, having resolved, having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'Conquered.')

Hearing this and having made up his mind, Śakuni, resorting to deceit, said to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'You have been defeated.' (2-54-27)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (he) spoke;]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

ताम्रलोहैः परिवृता निधयो मे चतुःशताः। पञ्चद्रौणिक एकैकः सुवर्णस्याहतस्य वै ॥ एतद्राजन्धनं मह्यं तेन दीव्याम्यहं त्वया ॥२-५४-२८॥

tāmralohaiḥ parivṛtā nidhayo me catuḥśatāḥ। pañcadrauṇika ekaikaḥ suvarṇasyāhatasya vai॥ etad rājandhanaṃ mahyaṃ tena dīvyāmyahaṃ tvayā॥2-54-28॥

[ताम्रलोहैः (tāmralohaiḥ) - with copper and iron; परिवृता (parivṛtā) - surrounded; निधयः (nidhayaḥ) - treasures; मे (me) - my; चतुःशताः (catuḥśatāḥ) - four hundred; पञ्चद्रौणिक (pañcadrauṇika) - of five droṇa (measure); एकैकः (ekaikaḥ) - each; सुवर्णस्य (suvarṇasya) - of gold; आहतस्य (āhatasya) - beaten; वै (vai) - indeed; एतत् (etat) - this; राजन्धनं (rājandhanaṃ) - royal wealth; मम (mama) - my; तेन (tena) - with that; दीव्यामि (dīvyāmi) - I gamble; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वया (tvayā) - with you;]

(Four hundred treasures of mine, surrounded by copper and iron, each of five droṇa measure, indeed of beaten gold. This is my royal wealth; with that, I gamble with you.)

I possess four hundred treasures, each encased in copper and iron, each of five droṇa measure, all of beaten gold. This is my royal wealth, and with it, I wager with you. (2-54-28)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः। जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥२-५४-२९॥

etat-śrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṃ samupāśritaḥ। jitam-iti-eva śakunir-yudhiṣṭhiram-abhāṣata ॥2-54-29॥

(Having heard this, having resolved, having resorted to deceit, Śakuni indeed spoke to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'Conquered.')

Hearing this, and having made up his mind to deceit, Śakuni said to Yudhiṣṭhira, 'You are conquered.' (2-54-29)