02.056
Core-Pancharatra: Vidhura asks to stop Duryodhana from the path of self destruction.
विदुर उवाच॥
vidura uvāca॥
[विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; (name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Vidura said;)
Vidura said.
द्यूतं मूलं कलहस्यानुपाति; मिथोभेदाय महते वा रणाय। यदास्थितोऽयं धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रो; दुर्योधनः सृजते वैरमुग्रम् ॥२-५६-१॥
dyūtaṃ mūlaṃ kalahasyānupāti; mitho-bhedāya mahate vā raṇāya. yadāsthito'yaṃ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putro; duryodhanaḥ sṛjate vairam ugram ॥2-56-1॥
[द्यूतं (dyūtaṃ) - gambling; मूलं (mūlaṃ) - root; कलहस्य (kalahasya) - of quarrel; अनुपाति (anupāti) - follows; मिथः (mitho) - mutual; भेदाय (bhedāya) - for division; महते (mahate) - for great; वा (vā) - or; रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; यदा (yadā) - when; आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - engaged; अयम् (ayam) - this; धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; सृजते (sṛjate) - creates; वैरम् (vairam) - enmity; उग्रम् (ugram) - fierce;]
(Gambling, the root of quarrel, follows; for mutual division, for great or for battle. When this son of Dhritarashtra, Duryodhana, is engaged, he creates fierce enmity. (2-56-1))
Gambling, which is the root of quarrel, leads to mutual division, great conflict, or even war. When Duryodhana, the son of Dhritarashtra, is involved, he creates intense enmity. (2-56-1)
प्रातिपीयाः शान्तनवा भैमसेनाः सबाह्लिकाः। दुर्योधनापराधेन कृच्छ्रं प्राप्स्यन्ति सर्वशः ॥२-५६-२॥
prātipīyāḥ śāntanavā bhaimasenāḥ sabāhlikāḥ। duryodhanāparādhena kṛcchraṃ prāpsyanti sarvaśaḥ ॥2-56-2॥
[प्रातिपीयाः (prātipīyāḥ) - descendants of Pratīpa; शान्तनवाः (śāntanavāḥ) - descendants of Śāntanu; भैमसेनाः (bhaimasenāḥ) - descendants of Bhīmasena; सबाह्लिकाः (sabāhlikāḥ) - together with the Bāhlikas; दुर्योधनापराधेन (duryodhanāparādhena) - by the offence of Duryodhana; कृच्छ्रं (kṛcchram) - difficulty; प्राप्स्यन्ति (prāpsyanti) - will obtain; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely;]
(The descendants of Pratīpa, the descendants of Śāntanu, the descendants of Bhīmasena, together with the Bāhlikas, by the offence of Duryodhana, will entirely obtain difficulty.)
Because of Duryodhana's offence, all the descendants of Pratīpa, Śāntanu, and Bhīmasena, along with the Bāhlikas, will suffer great hardship. (2-56-2)
दुर्योधनो मदेनैव क्षेमं राष्ट्रादपोहति। विषाणं गौरिव मदात्स्वयमारुजते बलात् ॥२-५६-३॥
duryodhano madenaiva kṣemaṃ rāṣṭrādapohati। viṣāṇaṃ gauriva madātsvayamārujate balāt ॥2-56-3॥
[दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; (proper noun) मदेन (madena) - by arrogance; एव (eva) - indeed; क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - welfare; राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom; अपोहति (apohati) - removes; विषाणम् (viṣāṇam) - horn; गौः (gauḥ) - cow; इव (iva) - like; मदात् (madāt) - from intoxication; स्वयम् (svayam) - by himself; आरुजते (ārujate) - tears off; बलात् (balāt) - by force;]
(Duryodhana, indeed by arrogance, removes welfare from the kingdom. Like a cow, by himself, from intoxication, tears off the horn by force. (2-56-3))
Duryodhana, out of sheer arrogance, destroys the welfare of the kingdom, just as a cow, intoxicated, forcibly tears off its own horn. (2-56-3)
यश्चित्तमन्वेति परस्य राज; न्वीरः कविः स्वामतिपत्य दृष्टिम्। नावं समुद्र इव बालनेत्रा; मारुह्य घोरे व्यसने निमज्जेत् ॥२-५६-४॥
yaś cittam anveti parasya rājan; na vīraḥ kaviḥ svāmatipaty dṛṣṭim. nāvaṃ samudra iva bālanetrā; āruhya ghore vyasane nimajjet ॥2-56-4॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; चित्तम् (cittam) - mind; अन्वेति (anveti) - follows; परस्य (parasya) - of another; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero; कविः (kaviḥ) - wise man; स्वामतिपत्य (svāmatipaty) - his own judgment; दृष्टिम् (dṛṣṭim) - view; नावम् (nāvam) - boat; समुद्र (samudra) - ocean; इव (iva) - like; बालनेत्राः (bālanetrāḥ) - children's eyes; आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted; घोरे (ghore) - terrible; व्यासने (vyasane) - danger; निमज्जेत् (nimajjet) - would sink;]
(Who follows the mind of another, O king, not a hero, not a wise man, his own judgment view; like a boat mounted by children’s eyes on the ocean, would sink in terrible danger.)
O king, he who follows the mind of another, and does not use his own judgment, is neither a hero nor a wise man; like a boat steered by children on the ocean, he would sink in terrible danger. (2-56-4)
दुर्योधनो ग्लहते पाण्डवेन; प्रियायसे त्वं जयतीति तच्च। अतिनर्माज्जायते सम्प्रहारो; यतो विनाशः समुपैति पुंसाम् ॥२-५६-५॥
duryodhanaḥ glahate pāṇḍavena; priyāyase tvaṃ jayatīti tacca. atinarmāj jāyate samprāhāro; yato vināśaḥ samupaiti puṃsām ॥2-56-5॥
[दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; (name of a person); ग्लहते (glahate) - quarrels; पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - with the Pāṇḍava; (Arjuna); प्रियायसे (priyāyase) - you wish to please; त्वम् (tvam) - you; जयतीति (jayatīti) - (saying) 'you are victorious'; तत् (tat) - that; (this); च (ca) - and; अति-नर्मात् (ati-narmāt) - from excessive jest; (from too much joking); जायते (jāyate) - arises; (is born); सम्प्रहारः (samprāhāraḥ) - conflict; (fight); यतः (yataḥ) - from which; (from where); विनाशः (vināśaḥ) - destruction; समुपैति (samupaiti) - approaches; (comes to); पुंसाम् (puṃsām) - of men; (of people);]
(Duryodhana quarrels with the Pāṇḍava; you wish to please, (saying) 'you are victorious', and that. From excessive jest arises conflict; from which destruction approaches men. (2-56-5))
Duryodhana quarrels with the Pāṇḍava; you try to please him by saying 'you are victorious', and so on. From too much joking, conflict arises; from that, destruction comes to men. (2-56-5)
आकर्षस्तेऽवाक्फलः कुप्रणीतो; हृदि प्रौढो मन्त्रपदः समाधिः। युधिष्ठिरेण सफलः संस्तवोऽस्तु; साम्नः सुरिक्तोऽरिमतेः सुधन्वा ॥२-५६-६॥
ākarṣas te'vākphalaḥ kupraṇīto; hṛdi prauḍho mantrapadaḥ samādhiḥ. yudhiṣṭhireṇa saphalaḥ saṃstavo'stu; sāmnaḥ surikto'rimateḥ sudhanvā ॥2-56-6॥
[आकर्षः (ākarṣaḥ) - attraction; ते (te) - your; अवाक्-फलः (avāk-phalaḥ) - downward-fruited; कु-प्रणीतः (ku-praṇītaḥ) - badly-led; हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart; प्रौढः (prauḍhaḥ) - mature; मन्त्र-पदः (mantra-padaḥ) - mantra-word; समाधिः (samādhiḥ) - concentration; युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhiṣṭhira; सफलः (saphalaḥ) - fruitful; संस्तवः (saṃstavaḥ) - praise; अस्तु (astu) - let it be; साम्नः (sāmnaḥ) - of the Sāman; सुरिक्तः (suriktaḥ) - well-anointed; अरिमतेः (arimateḥ) - of the enemy-minded; सुधन्वा (sudhanvā) - Sudhanvan;]
(Attraction of yours, downward-fruited, badly-led; in the heart mature mantra-word concentration. By Yudhiṣṭhira, fruitful praise let it be; of the Sāman, well-anointed, of the enemy-minded, Sudhanvan (may it be). (2-56-6))
May your attraction, though fruitless and misguided, become a mature concentration on the mantra-word in the heart. May the praise by Yudhiṣṭhira be fruitful; may Sudhanvan, well-anointed with the Sāman, be free from enmity. (2-56-6)
प्रातिपीयाः शान्तनवाश्च राज; न्काव्यां वाचं शृणुत मात्यगाद्वः। वैश्वानरं प्रज्वलितं सुघोर; मयुद्धेन प्रशमयतोत्पतन्तम् ॥२-५६-७॥
prātipīyāḥ śāntanavāś ca rāja; nkāvyāṃ vācaṃ śṛṇuta mātyagād vaḥ। vaiśvānaraṃ prajvalitaṃ sughora; mayuddhena praśamayatotpatantam ॥2-56-7॥
[प्रातिपीयाः (prātipīyāḥ) - those who are ready to fight; शान्तनवाः (śāntanavāḥ) - descendants of Śāntanu; च (ca) - and; राजन् (rājan) - O king; काव्यां (kāvyām) - in the speech; वाचम् (vācam) - words; शृणुत (śṛṇuta) - hear; मा (mā) - do not; अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - transgress; वः (vaḥ) - your; वैश्वानरम् (vaiśvānaram) - Agni (fire); प्रज्वलितम् (prajvalitam) - blazing; सुघोरम् (sughoram) - very fierce; युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by battle; प्रशमयत (praśamayata) - appease; उत्पतन्तम् (utpatantam) - rising;]
(Those who are ready to fight, descendants of Śāntanu, and O king; in the speech, hear the words, do not transgress your (limits). The blazing, very fierce Agni (fire), rising, appease by battle.)
O king, the descendants of Śāntanu and those ready for battle, listen to the words in the speech; do not overstep your bounds. Appease the blazing, very fierce Agni (fire) that is rising, by means of battle. (2-56-7)
यदा मन्युं पाण्डवोऽजातशत्रु; र्न संयच्छेदक्षमयाभिभूतः। वृकोदरः सव्यसाची यमौ च; कोऽत्र द्वीपः स्यात्तुमुले वस्तदानीम् ॥२-५६-८॥
yadā manyuṃ pāṇḍavo'jātaśatruḥ na saṃyacchedakṣamayābhibhūtaḥ. vṛkodaraḥ savyasācī yamau ca; ko'tra dvīpaḥ syāttumule vastadānīm ॥2-56-8॥
[यदा (yadā) - when; मन्युं (manyum) - anger; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pāṇḍava; अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira, one whose enemy is not born); न (na) - not; संयच्छेत् (saṃyacchet) - restrain; क्षमया (kṣamayā) - by forgiveness; अभिभूतः (abhibhūtaḥ) - overcome; वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vṛkodara (Bhīma); सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Savyasācī (Arjuna); यमौ (yamau) - the two sons of Yama (Nakula and Sahadeva); च (ca) - and; कः (kaḥ) - who; अत्र (atra) - here; द्वीपः (dvīpaḥ) - island (refuge, shelter); स्यात् (syāt) - would be; तुमुले (tumule) - in tumult; वः (vaḥ) - for you; तदा (tadā) - then; ईम् (īm) - indeed;]
(When the Pāṇḍava Ajātaśatru does not restrain anger, being overcome by forgiveness, and Vṛkodara, Savyasācī, and the two sons of Yama are present, who here would be a refuge for you in such a tumult then indeed?)
When Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira) does not restrain his anger, being overcome by forgiveness, and when Bhīma, Arjuna, and the twins are present, who could be a refuge for you in such a tumult at that time? (2-56-8)
महाराज प्रभवस्त्वं धनानां; पुरा द्यूतान्मनसा यावदिच्छेः। बहु वित्तं पाण्डवांश्चेज्जयेस्त्वं; किं तेन स्याद्वसु विन्देह पार्थान् ॥२-५६-९॥
mahārāja prabhavas tvaṃ dhanānāṃ; purā dyūtān manasā yāvad iccheḥ. bahu vittaṃ pāṇḍavāṃś ca ej jayeḥ tvaṃ; kiṃ tena syād vasu vindēha pārthān ॥2-56-9॥
[महाराज (mahārāja) - great king; प्रभवः (prabhavaḥ) - source; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; धनानां (dhanānāṃ) - of wealth; पुरा (purā) - formerly; द्यूतात् (dyūtāt) - from gambling; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; यावत् (yāvat) - as much as; इच्छेः (iccheḥ) - you desire; बहु (bahu) - much; वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas; च (ca) - and; एज् (ej) - if; जयेः (jayeḥ) - you conquer; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; किम् (kim) - what; तेन (tena) - by that; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; वसु (vasu) - wealth; विन्देह (vindēha) - acquire; पार्थान् (pārthān) - the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas);]
(Great king, you are the source of wealth; formerly, from gambling, by mind, as much as you desire. Much wealth and the Pāṇḍavas, if you conquer, what by that would be wealth? Acquire the Pāṇḍavas.)
O great king, you are the source of wealth; in the past, through gambling, you have obtained as much as you desired. If you win much wealth and the Pāṇḍavas, what would that wealth amount to? Instead, gain the Pāṇḍavas. (2-56-9)
जानीमहे देवितं सौबलस्य; वेद द्यूते निकृतिं पार्वतीयः। यतः प्राप्तः शकुनिस्तत्र यातु; मायायोधी भारत पार्वतीयः ॥२-५६-१०॥
jānīmahe devitaṃ saubalasya; veda dyūte nikṛtiṃ pārvatīyaḥ. yataḥ prāptaḥ śakunistattra yātu; māyāyodhī bhārata pārvatīyaḥ ॥2-56-10॥
[जानीमहे (jānīmahe) - we know; देवितं (devitaṃ) - divine act; सौबलस्य (saubalasya) - of the son of Subala; वेद (veda) - knows; द्यूते (dyūte) - in gambling; निकृतिं (nikṛtiṃ) - deceit; पार्वतीयः (pārvatīyaḥ) - the Parvateya; यतः (yataḥ) - from where; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - has come; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; तत्र (tatra) - there; यातु (yātu) - let him go; मायायोधी (māyāyodhī) - fighter by illusion; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; पार्वतीयः (pārvatīyaḥ) - the Parvateya;]
(We know the divine act of the son of Subala; the Parvateya knows the deceit in gambling. From where Śakuni has come, let him go there; the Parvateya is a fighter by illusion, O Bhārata.)
We know the divine acts of the son of Subala; the Parvateya knows the deceit in gambling. Let Śakuni return to where he came from; the Parvateya is a master of illusion, O Bhārata. (2-56-10)
